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NB/T 10199-2019: Fluids for electrotechnical applications-Unused natural esters for transformers and similar electrical equipment
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Fluids for electrotechnical applications-Unused natural esters for transformers and similar electrical equipment
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Basic data | Standard ID | NB/T 10199-2019 (NB/T10199-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Fluids for electrotechnical applications-Unused natural esters for transformers and similar electrical equipment | | Sector / Industry | Energy Industry Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K15 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.035.20 | | Word Count Estimation | 11,163 | | Date of Issue | 2019-06-04 | | Date of Implementation | 2019-10-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | Natural Resources Department Announcement No. 7 of 2019 | | Issuing agency(ies) | National Energy Administration | NB/T 10199-2019: Fluids for electrotechnical applications-Unused natural esters for transformers and similar electrical equipment
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Fluids for electrotechnical applications-Unused natural esters for transformers and similar electrical equipment
ICS 29.035.20
K15
NB
Energy Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China
Electrician fluid transformers and similar electrical equipment are not used
Used natural ester
2019-06-04 released
2019-10-01 implementation
Issued by National Energy Administration
Table of contents
Foreword...II
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...2
4 Classification...2
5 Performance requirements, meaning and test methods...2
5.1 Performance requirements...3
5.2 Performance meaning and test methods...3
6 Sampling...6
7 Packaging, marking, transportation and storage...6
Appendix A (normative appendix) Unused natural ester oxidation stability test method...7
Appendix B (informative appendix) Technical specification for low-viscosity insulating liquid derived from natural ester...8
References...9
Foreword
This standard is compiled in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
The revision of this standard adopts IEC 62770.2013 "Unused Natural Ester for Electrical Fluid Transformer and Similar Electrical Equipment".
The main differences between this standard and IEC 62770.2013 are as follows.
- According to GB/T 1.1 revised some editing formats;
- Delete the preface and introduction of IEC 62770.2013;
- Edited the scope and added "Notes";
--Modify the international or foreign standards in the normative reference documents into my country’s national standards or industry standards that have been adopted and transformed;
According to circumstances, the referenced IEC 60475 shall be amended to GB/T 7597;
--Adjust the required value of breakdown voltage from ≥35kV to ≥40kV; adjust the power frequency dielectric loss factor (tan) (90℃)
The value is adjusted from ≤0.05 to ≤0.04.
Appendix A of this standard specifies the test method for the oxidation stability of unused natural esters.
Appendix B of this standard provides reference materials for the technical specifications of low-viscosity insulating liquids derived from natural esters.
This standard was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Insulation Material Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC51).
Drafting organizations of this standard. State Grid Henan Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, Guilin Electrical Appliance Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Electric Power
Scientific Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hubei Zedian New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, Cargill Investment
(China) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau Co., Ltd. Electric Power Test and Research Institute, Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou
Western University, China Southern Power Grid EHV Transmission Company Inspection and Testing Center, Xiamen Farah Electronics Co., Ltd., Wuxi Chenrui New Energy Technology
Co., Ltd., Foshan Xinyuan Electronics Co., Ltd., Anhui Tongfeng Electronics Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Yang Tao, Luo Chuanyong, Yu Longying, Kou Xiaoshi, Ma Linquan, Yao Degui, Cai Shengwei, Li Songjiang, Zhu Mengzhao,
Wang Jianyi, Wang Ruifeng, Song Haoyong, Zhao Yaohong, Zheng Hanbo, Zhang Yiyi, Liu Jiefeng, Deng Jun, Huang Shunda, Fu Zhongxing, Wang Zhandong, Huang Yun
Kai.
Unused natural esters for electrical fluid transformers and similar electrical equipment
1 Scope
This standard specifies the performance requirements of unused natural esters used as insulation and heat dissipation media in transformers and similar oil-immersed electrical equipment.
Find the test method.
This standard applies to unused natural esters. Regenerated natural esters and natural esters mixed with non-natural ester liquids are not within the scope of this standard.
Note 1.In this standard, the term "natural ester" applies to insulating liquids for transformers and similar electrical equipment with good biodegradability and environmental compatibility.
This natural ester is a vegetable oil obtained from seeds and oils obtained from other suitable biological materials, and its ingredients are mainly composed of triglycerides.
Note 2.This standard includes natural esters containing additives. Due to the difference in chemical composition, natural esters are different from mineral insulating oils and other insulating oils with high ignition points.
Edge liquid, such as synthetic ester or silicone liquid. This standard does not include low-viscosity insulating liquids derived from natural esters. See Appendix B for related characteristics.
The chemical names and scientific symbols used in this standard conform to the IUPAC Handbook (Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry).
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 261 Determination of flash point Pensky-Martin closed cup method (ISO 2719.2002, MOD)
GB/T 507 Insulating oil breakdown voltage test method (IEC 60156.1995, MOD)
GB/Z 1094.14 Power Transformer Part 14.Design and Application of Liquid-immersed Transformers Using High-temperature Insulating Materials (IEC /TS
60076-14..2009, IDT)
GB/T 1884 Laboratory method for determining the density of crude oil and liquid petroleum products (densimeter method) (ISO 3675.1998, MOD)
GB 2536 Unused mineral insulating oil for electrical fluid transformers and switches (IEC 60296.2003, MOD)
GB/T 2900.5 Electrical terminology insulating solid, liquid and gas (IEC 60050-212.2010, IDT)
GB/T 3535 Determination of pour point of petroleum products (ISO 3016.1994, MOD)
GB/T 3536 Determination of flash point and ignition point of petroleum products Cleveland open cup method (ISO 2592.2000, MOD)
GB/T 5654 Measurement of relative permittivity, dielectric loss factor and DC resistivity of liquid insulating materials (IEC 60247.2004,
IDT)
GB/T 7597 Power oil (transformer oil, steam turbine oil) sampling method
GB/T 21216 Test method for measuring conductivity and capacitance of insulating liquid to determine dielectric loss factor (IEC 61620.1998, IDT)
GB/T 21801 Chemical rapid biodegradability breath measurement test (OECD No.301F.1992, IDT)
GB/T 21802 MITI Test for Improvement of Rapid Biodegradability of Chemicals (Ⅰ) (OECD No.301C.1992, IDT)
GB/T 21856 Chemical rapid biodegradable carbon dioxide production test (OECD No.301B.1992, IDT)
GB/T 25961 Test method for corrosive sulfur in electrical insulating oil (ASTM D1275.2006, MOD)
GB/T 30515 Kinematic viscosity determination method and dynamic viscosity calculation method for transparent and opaque liquid petroleum products (ISO 3104.1994, MOD)
GB/T 32508 Quantitative detection method for corrosive sulfur (dibenzyl disulfide) in insulating oil (IEC 62697-1.2012, MOD)
DL/T 285 Mineral insulating oil corrosive sulfur test method (IEC 62535.2008, MOD)
NB /SH/T 0811 Unused hydrocarbon insulating oil oxidation stability test method (IEC 61125.1992, MOD)
NB /SH/T 0812 Determination of 2-furaldehyde and related components in mineral insulating oil (IEC 61198.1993, MOD)
NB/T 42140 Insulating liquid oil-impregnated paper and oil-impregnated paperboard is determined by Karl Fischer automatic coulometric titration (IEC
60814.1997, MOD)
SH/T 0604 Density determination method of crude oil and petroleum products (U-shaped vibrating tube method) (ISO 12185.1996, MOD)
SH/T 0803 Determination of polychlorinated biphenyl pollutants in insulating oil Capillary gas chromatography (IEC 61619.1997, MOD)
IEC 60666 Inspection and determination of additives specified in mineral insulating oil (Detection and determination of
specified additives in mineral insulating oils)
IEC 61100 Insulating liquids are classified according to ignition point and net calorific value (Classification of insulating liquids
according to fire-point and net calorific value)
IEC 62021-3 Determination of the acid value of insulating liquids. Part 3.Test methods for non-mineral insulating oils (Insulating liquids
Determination of acidity Part 3.Test methods for non-mineral insulating oils)
OECD.201-203 Test guidelines for ecotoxicity
3 Terms and definitions
The terms defined in GB/T 2900.5 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Natural ester
Vegetable oils extracted from seeds or oils extracted from other suitable biological materials are mainly composed of triglycerides.
3.2
Potentially corrosive sulfur
The presence of organic sulfur compounds in transformer oil may lead to the formation of copper sulfide.
3.3
Unused natural ester
Unused natural ester delivered by the supplier.
Note 1.The liquid has not been used, nor has it come into contact with electrical equipment and unnecessary equipment during its manufacturing, storage and transportation.
Note 2.Manufacturers and suppliers of unused natural esters will take all reasonable precautions to ensure that natural esters are not affected by PCBs, PCTs, and polycyclics.
Contaminated by aromatic hydrocarbons (PCB, PCT, PCAs) or corrosive sulfur compounds; and not be contaminated by used oil, recycled oil, dechlorinated oil or other pollutants
4 categories
This standard divides natural esters into a single category. non-flammable natural esters.
Note. There are other natural ester liquids, which may have different classifications. However, these insulating liquids are not within the scope of this standard, as shown in Appendix B.
5 Performance requirements, performance meanings and test methods
5.1 Performance requirements
See Table 1 for the performance requirements of unused natural esters.
Note. CIGRE 436 and IEEE C57.147 provide supplementary information on natural esters used in transformers and similar electrical equipment.
5.2 Performance meaning and test methods
5.2.1 Physical properties
5.2.1.1 Appearance
Use a transparent glass container (with a diameter of not less than 10cm) to sample, and observe the unused natural ester with the naked eye (allow the
However, the light penetrates the natural ester about 10cm thick) to determine whether there are visible pollutants, free water, and suspended solids.
5.2.1.2 Kinematic viscosity
The kinematic viscosity at 40°C and 100°C is measured in accordance with GB/T 30515.
Kinematic viscosity affects heat dissipation, which will cause the temperature in transformers and other electrical equipment to rise. The lower the kinematic viscosity, the easier the insulating liquid
Circulation, the better the heat dissipation effect. Viscosity at low temperatures is a key factor in the cold start of transformers (poor circulation may cause hot spots to overheat). It's loaded
The speed of moving parts such as pressure regulators and pumps can have a negative impact. The kinematic viscosity at the lowest cold operating temperature (LCSET) should be properly considered
degree.
5.2.1.3 Pour point
The pour point is measured in accordance with GB/T 3535.The pour point is the lowest temperature at which natural esters can flow.
The crystallization of natural esters depends on time and temperature. At operating temperature, there should be no crystals in the insulating liquid. If the temperature in electrical equipment
If the temperature is lower than 0°C, the thermal and dielectric properties of the natural ester equipment may be adversely affected, and preventive measures should be taken. Not sure yet
Method of determining crystallization.
5.2.1.4 Water content
The water content is measured in accordance with NB/T 42140.The water content of natural ester affects its dielectric properties.
Note. Due to the medium polarity of natural esters, free water will appear in natural esters and cause deterioration of dielectric strength, and its water content is significantly higher than that of mineral insulating oils.
5.2.1.5 Density
The density is measured in accordance with GB/T 1884 or SH/T 0604.
5.2.2 Electrical performance
5.2.2.1 Breakdown voltage
The breakdown voltage is measured in accordance with GB/T 507.Due to the different nature of natural esters, the initial time needs to be set during measurement, generally
15min～30min to ensure that there are no visible bubbles in the natural ester before the measurement.
5.2.2.2 Power frequency dielectric loss factor (DDF)
The power frequency dielectric loss factor is measured at 90°C in accordance with GB/T 5654 or GB/T 21216.In case of dispute, proceed in accordance with GB/T 5654
Determination.
The power frequency dielectric loss factor is the dielectric loss caused by the insulating liquid. The high power frequency dielectric loss factor indicates that the insulating liquid is affected by water molecules,
Particles or soluble polar pollutants are polluted or the insulating liquid is of poor refining quality.
5.2.2.3 Relative permittivity (relative permittivity)
The relative permittivity is measured at 90°C in accordance with GB/T 5654 or GB/T 21216.In case of dispute, the determination shall be conducted in accordance with GB/T 5654.
The relative permittivity refers to the ratio of the electrical energy stored in the insulating liquid under the applied voltage to the electrical energy corresponding to the vacuum.
Note. The typical value of relative permittivity. 2.8-3.3.
5.2.3 Chemical properties
5.2.3.1 Acid value
The acid value is measured in accordance with IEC 62021-3.The unused natural ester should be close to neutral.
Note. Natural esters may contain lower concentrations of free fatty acids, and the presence of free fatty acids will affect the acid value of natural esters.
5.2.3.2 Corrosive sulfur
Corrosive sulfur is measured in accordance with GB/T 25961 or DL/T 285.Under standard conditions, the swimming is detected by contacting copper with insulating liquid
From corrosive sulfur and potentially corrosive sulfur compounds. Known corrosive sulfur compounds such as dibenzyl disulfide (DBDS) should not be detected (GB/T
32508).
Note. Corrosive sulfur compounds do not naturally exist in vegetable oils or other natural esters. Tests prove that additives are non-corrosive and will not cause potential
Cross contamination of corrosive oil.
5.2.3.3 Additive content
The content of antioxidant additives is determined in accordance with IEC 60666 or other appropriate methods.
Additives include antioxidants, metal deactivators, pour point depressants, etc. Antioxidants slow down the oxidation of natural esters, reducing gel and acidity
The formation of substances, such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC), also known as BHT, can also use other antioxidants. Total additive
The amount should be less than 5% (mass fraction).
Upon mutual agreement, the supplier shall declare the general types of all additives, as well as the concentration of antioxidants and passivators. Initial of additives
The type and concentration can be used for the supervision and maintenance guidance of natural esters in transformers and similar electrical equipment during operation.
5.2.3.4 Furfural content
2-furaldehyde and related compounds are measured in accordance with NB /SH/T 0812.
Furan compounds, including 2-furaldehyde, are degradation products of kraft insulation paper. These compounds are usually not found in unused natural esters.
in.
Note. There may be traces of certain furan compounds in unused natural esters.
5.2.4 Oxidation stability characteristics
The oxidation stability of natural esters can be determined with reference to the method described in NB /SH/T 0811.
Due to easy oxidation, unused natural esters are only suitable for airtight equipment.
Note 1.The oxidation stability characteristics relate to the performance of natural esters under high electrical stress and temperature conditions in long-term operation. GB/Z 1094.14 lists natural
The allowable operating temperature of the ester.
Note 2.For natural esters, see Appendix A for the methods that can be adopted by NB /SH/T 0811 after modification.
5.2.4.1 Total acid value
The total acid value is determined in accordance with 10.3.4 of NB /SH/T 0811.
5.2.4.2 Kinematic viscosity
For the determination method of kinematic viscosity, see 5.2.1.2.
5.2.4.3 Power frequency dielectric loss factor (DDF)
After the oxidation stability test, the dielectric loss caused by the water produced by oxidation and the soluble polar compounds in the natural ester should be measured.
See 5.2.2.2 for the method.
5.2.5 Health, safety and environmental characteristics
Note. It involves the safe handling of natural esters and the minimization of adverse effects. Including flash point and ignition point, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PCA) and PCBs/PCBs
(PCBs/PCTs).
5.2.5.1 Ignition point and flash point
The flash point is measured according to GB/T 3536, and the flash point is measured according to GB/T 261.
5.2.5.2 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
The concentration of PCBs is determined in accordance with SH/T 0803, and the total concentration should not be greater than 2mg•kg-1.
Unused natural esters should not contain PCBs.
Note. PCBs and related compounds can only be present in unused natural esters due to cross contamination.
5.2.5.3 Biodegradability
The degree of biodegradation is measured in accordance with GB/T 21856, GB/T 21802 or GB/T 21801.
Compared with petroleum-derived mineral insulating oils, natural esters have better environmental compatibility.
Note. According to the tested biodegradability, natural esters can be classified according to IEC 61039.
5.2.5.4 Toxicity
Unused natural esters should be non-toxic, and the supplier should provide tests to prove that the product is non-toxic.
Note. The toxicity of natural esters can be evaluated by related test methods, such as referring to the Ames test or other appropriate methods, such as OECD.201-203.
6 sampling
Sampling is in accordance with GB/T 7597.
7 Packaging, marking, transportation and storage
The following requirements should be met.
--Natural esters are usually transported in bulk by tank trucks, tank containers or oil drums. To avoid contamination, transport containers should be clean and suitable
use;
--The oil drum and sample container should contain at least the following marks.
--Each natural ester product should be accompanied by a document provided by the supplier, at least indicating. supplier name, liquid category and quality certificate
Bright. When requested by the buyer and agreed upon by both parties, the supplier shall provide the general purpose of all additives in natural esters in accordance with international and local regulations.
Type and concentration.
AA
Appendix A
(Normative appendix)
Test method for oxidation stability of unused natural esters
A.1 Overview
Natural ester adopts NB /SH/T 0811 similar accelerated aging test method to evaluate oxidation stability. Put the natural ester sample to be tested
With solid copper catalyst, a constant volume of air is blown into the natural ester at 120°C for 48 hours. By measuring the volatilization of natural esters after oxidation
Evaluate its anti-oxidation ability by generating acid value, oil-soluble acid value, sludge formed, kinematic viscosity and dielectric loss factor. And will accelerate oxidation
The parameter values obtained afterwards are compared with the performance values before accelerated oxidation.
A.2 Test conditions
The accelerated aging duration is set at 48h, and other test conditions such as the amount of natural ester, the length and diameter of the copper wire catalyst, and the oxidation temperature
The temperature and oxidant (air) flow rate should be exactly the same as the NB /SH/T 0811 test method.
A.3 Accuracy
The accuracy values obtained after 48h oxidation through the comparison test of commercial natural esters are shown in Table A.1.The relative reproducibility of each parameter is based on
Results obtained by participating laboratories. The value reported in Table A.1 is basically consistent with the value reported for mineral insulating oil in NB /SH/T 0811.
A.4 Repeatability (r)
Repeated values given by the same laboratory at the 95% confidence level.
A.5 Reproducibility (R)
Repeated values given by different laboratories at the 95% confidence level.
BB
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)
Technical specification for low-viscosity insulating liquid derived from natural ester
From the perspective of chemistry and biochemistry, the definition of natural esters (that is, esters found in biological materials) in this standard is in addition to triglycerides
There are many other chemical components besides esters.
Triglycerides are the main components of vegetable oils (and animal fats). This type of insulating liquid has significant characteristics of high ignition point and flash point. IEC
61100 classifies it as K-class insulating liquid. Compared with mineral insulating oil, this type of insulating liquid is not flammable, but its kinematic viscosity and pour point are relatively high.
high.
Note. According to IEC 61100, Class K liquid has ignition point ≥300℃ and flash point ≥250℃.
Other insulating liquids derived from different natural esters have been used in some electrical equipment (for example. low/medium electric
Voltage transformer). This type of liquid is mainly composed of fatty acid monoesters, or a mixture of triglycerides and fatty acid monoesters, which can reduce its operation.
Dynamic viscosity.
The properties of low-viscosity insulating liquids extracted from natural esters are close to those of mineral insulating oils, as shown in Table B.1.
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