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NB/T 10185-2019: (Technical specifications for performance testing and quality assessment of key equipment for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants)
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(Technical specifications for performance testing and quality assessment of key equipment for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants)
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Basic data | Standard ID | NB/T 10185-2019 (NB/T10185-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | (Technical specifications for performance testing and quality assessment of key equipment for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants) | | Sector / Industry | Energy Industry Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F19 | | Word Count Estimation | 27,217 | | Date of Issue | 2019-06-04 | | Date of Implementation | 2019-10-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | Natural Resources Department Announcement No. 7 of 2019 | | Issuing agency(ies) | National Energy Administration | NB/T 10185-2019: (Technical specifications for performance testing and quality assessment of key equipment for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants)
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Technical specifications for performance testing and quality assessment of key
equipment for Grid-connected PV Power Plants
ICS 27.160
F 19
NB
Energy Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China
Performance testing and quality of key equipment for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants
Evaluation of technical specifications
2019-06-04 released
2019-10-01 implementation
Issued by National Energy Administration
Table of contents
Foreword...III
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...2
4 Key equipment...3
5 Testing procedures...3
6 Photovoltaic modules...3
6.1 Sampling inspection requirements...3
6.2 Product technical requirements...4
6.3 Testing requirements...4
6.4 Electroluminescence test of photovoltaic modules...9
6.5 Photovoltaic module infrared thermal imaging test...9
7 Photovoltaic mounting system...9
7.1 Sampling inspection requirements...9
7.2 Material compliance check...9
7.3 Structural verification...10
7.4 Carrying capacity check...10
7.5 Appearance and size check...10
7.6 Film thickness test of zinc coating...10
7.7 Tracking performance verification...10
8 Photovoltaic combiner box...11
8.1 Sampling inspection requirements...11
8.2 Technical requirements...11
8.3 Check items...11
9 Photovoltaic inverter...12
9.1 Sampling inspection requirements...12
9.2 Technical requirements...12
9.3 Maximum conversion efficiency...12
9.4 Power quality...12
10 Step-up transformer...12
10.1 Sampling inspection requirements...12
10.2 Requirements...12
11 Monitoring system...12
11.1 Basic function check...12
11.2 Data collection capability evaluation...13
11.3 Calculation and processing capacity evaluation...13
11.4 Performance Check...14
12 Overall system performance and quality assessment...15
12.1 Consistency Check...15
12.2 System performance...15
Appendix A (informative appendix)...18
Appendix B (informative appendix)...21
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1.Standard Structure and Compilation".
This standard was proposed and managed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.
Drafting organizations of this standard. China Quality Certification Center, Beijing Institute of Electrical Technology and Economics of Machinery Industry, China Inspection Group Southern Electronic Products
Testing (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., China Three Gorges New Energy Co., Ltd., Nanjing Zhonghua Nanxin Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Hanergy Mobile
Yuan Holding Group Co., Ltd.
Drafters of this standard. Shi Lei, Lian Qianjun, Guo Yan, Wang Zhiyong, Chen Aiguo, Shuai Zhengfeng, Wang Jianjian, Xu Yike, Zha Li.
Technical specifications for performance testing and quality assessment of key equipment for grid-connected photovoltaic power stations
1 Scope
This standard specifies photovoltaic modules, bracket systems, combiner boxes, inverters, step-up transformers, monitoring systems for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants
Test items and evaluation methods for key equipment.
This standard applies to photovoltaic power plants that are connected to the grid through a voltage level of 35kV and above, and connected to the public grid through a voltage level of 10kV.
Refer to the implementation for photovoltaic power plants of other voltage levels.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 700-2006 Carbon structural steel
GB/T 1591-2008 Low-alloy high-strength structural steel
GB 1094.1-2013 Power Transformer Part 1.General Rules
GB 1094.2-2013 Power Transformer Part 2.Temperature Rise of Liquid-immersed Transformer
GB 1094.3-2016 Power Transformer Part 3.Insulation level, insulation test and external insulation air gap
GB/T 3190-2008 Chemical composition of wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy
GB 5237.1-2008 Aluminum alloy building profiles Part 1.Base material
GB 5237.2-2008 Aluminum alloy building profiles Part 2.Anodized profiles
GB 5237.3-2008 Aluminum alloy architectural profiles Part 3.Electrophoretic paint profiles
GB 5237.4-2008 Aluminum alloy building profiles Part 4.Powder spraying profiles
GB 5237.5-2008 Aluminum alloy building profiles Part 5.Fluorocarbon paint spray profiles
GB 7251.1-2013 Low-Voltage Switchgear and Control Equipment Part 1.General Rules
GB/T 13912-2002 Technical requirements and test methods for hot-dip galvanized coatings on steel parts with metal coverings
GB/T.19964-2012 Technical Regulations for Connecting Photovoltaic Power Stations to Power Systems
GB/T 29319-2012 Technical Regulations for Connecting Photovoltaic Power Generation System to Distribution Network
GB/T 29320-2012 Technical requirements for solar tracking system of photovoltaic power station
GB 50009-2012 Building Structure Load Code
GB 50794-2012 Construction Specification for Photovoltaic Power Station
GB 50797-2012 Design Code for Photovoltaic Power Station
DL/T 793-2012 Reliability Evaluation Regulation of Power Generation Equipment
NB/T 32004-2018 Technical Specification for Grid-connected Inverter for Photovoltaic Power Generation
IEC /TS 62804-1.2015 Photovoltaic modules-potential induction test method Part 1.Crystalline silicon
IEC 61724-1.2017 Photovoltaic system performance inspection part 1 monitoring
IEC /TS 61724-2.2016 Photovoltaic system performance inspection Part 2.Power generation capacity calculation method
IEC /TS 61724-3.2016 Photovoltaic system performance. Part 3.Energy consumption evaluation method
IEC /TS 62782.2016 Photovoltaic (PV) module cyclic (dynamic) mechanical load test
IEC 61215-1-2016 Terrestrial photovoltaic modules-Design requirements and structural qualification-Part 1.Test requirements
IEC 61215-2-2016 Photovoltaic modules for terrestrial use-Design requirements and structural qualification-Part 2.Test procedures
IEC 61730-2-2016 Photovoltaic module safety-Part 2.Test requirements
IEC 61853-1-2011 Photovoltaic module performance measurement and energy efficiency evaluation Part 1.Irradiance and temperature performance measurement and power rating evaluation
IEC 62446-1-2016 Photovoltaic (PV) system testing, documentation and maintenance requirements Part 1.Grid-connected systems-documentation, commissioning and inspection
IEC 62446-3-2017 "Photovoltaic (PV) System-Requirements for Testing and Commissioning, System Documentation and Performance Maintenance Part 3.Photovoltaic Modules and
Outdoor infrared thermal imaging of power station"
3 Terms and definitions
3.1
Fastening force
Use bolts or other forms of fasteners to provide grip and tightening force for connecting nodes to reduce metal fatigue. Fasteners such as bolts
And the nut must be greater than the fastening force of the connection node.
3.2
Hot-dip galvanizing
The process of immersing fully treated steel or cast iron parts in a molten zinc bath to form zinc and (or) zinc-stick alloy coatings on the surface
Process and method.
3.3
Average coating thickness
The arithmetic mean of the local thickness of the coating after sampling a certain large part or a certain batch of galvanized parts.
3.4
Service hours
The number of hours the device has been in operation.
【DL/T 793-2012, 2.8.1】
3.5
Unplanned outage hours
The number of hours that the equipment is in an unplanned outage state.
3.6
Photovoltaic inverter boost unit
A power generation unit that includes inverters, step-up transformers and other equipment responsible for inverting the DC power of the photovoltaic system into AC power and boosting it
yuan.
4 key equipment
The key equipment for grid-connected photovoltaic power plants defined in this standard includes.
a) Photovoltaic modules, crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules and thin-film photovoltaic modules, excluding concentrating photovoltaic modules
b) Photovoltaic combiner box, including DC combiner box and AC combiner box;
c) Photovoltaic mounting system, including fixed photovoltaic mounting system and tracking photovoltaic mounting system, excluding floating mounting system;
d) Photovoltaic inverters, including micro inverters, string inverters, centralized inverters, and distributed inverters;
e) Step-up transformers are divided into oil-immersed step-up transformers and dry-type step-up transformers;
f) Monitoring and control system.
5 Testing procedures
The key equipment and systems on the power plant site are tested according to the sampling method.
The complete photovoltaic inverter boost unit is used as the power generation unit for sampling. Typical elements include.
a) Equipment type, model, manufacturer;
b) Structural information, including. electrical structure, supporting structure;
c) Power generation.
1) Count the representative power generation units in the historical power generation of the power station in the same month (test implementation period) in the past year and the same month.
When it can provide historical records of power generation, the power generation in the past one month is used for statistics.
2) According to the actual unit kilowatt power generation of each unit (kwh/kw) and the expected unit kilowatt power generation or theoretical unit kilowatt power generation
The two units with the largest deviation (including positive deviation and negative deviation) and the two units with the smallest deviation are selected.
yuan.
3) When there are less than 4 power generating units, all power generating units shall be regarded as the subject of random inspection.
Random sampling is adopted, and the results of random inspection of key equipment should cover all typical elements.
6 Photovoltaic modules
6.1 Sampling inspection requirements
In the selected power generation unit, calculate the real-time output power of the combiner box or photovoltaic string, and select the highest and lowest power generation.
The median value of the combiner box or photovoltaic string, and then randomly select the photovoltaic modules according to the typical factors. If the combiner box or photovoltaic
When covering typical elements, the real-time power generation should be used as the sampling basis, and the number of samples should be increased until all elements are covered.
6.2 Product technical requirements
It shall have the test reports and certifications of IEC 61215 series and IEC 61730 series standards issued by nationally recognized institutions.
6.3 Testing requirements
6.3.1 Visual inspection
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.1 (MQT01).
6.3.1.1 Serious appearance defects
a) The mechanical integrity of the module depends on the laminate or other adhesion forces, and the sum of the area where bubbles occur exceeds 1% of the module area;
b) The loss of mechanical integrity affects the installation and work of components;
c) Broken, cracked or damaged outer surface (front, back, junction box, frame);
d) Any part of the short circuit or adhesive failure;
e) Air bubbles or delamination forming a continuous channel between the edge of the module and the live parts;
f) The output terminal fails and the live part is exposed;
g) There are any signs of melting or burning on the sealing material, backplane, surface, diode or any component part;
h) The crack of a single battery, and its extension line may cause the battery to fail more than 10%.
6.3.1.2 General appearance defects
a) The nameplate of the component is dropped or cannot be distinguished;
b) Scratches on the glass surface of the module ≥100mm;
c) There are more than two obvious bubbles with diameter > 1mm in the module;
d) The first layer of film is scratched on the backplane, or the scratch is ≥50mm;
e) The bulge or pit area of the back plate ≥100mm2;
f) A small amount of wrinkles on the back panel, 0.5mm ≤ arch starting point height ≤ 2mm;
g) There is obvious dirt between the laminate cell, EVA and glass, and foreign matter and impurities are mixed into the surface of the component cell;
h) There is obvious dislocation at the joint of aluminum alloy frame; or there is obvious gap at the interface;
i) Weathering, abrasion, bite marks, cracks and other aging phenomena of wires, connectors or junction boxes;
j) There is embrittlement of component wires;
k) The wires, connectors or junction boxes are damaged, but the conductive parts are not exposed;
l) Phenomena such as missing, falling off or corrosion of the component grounding wire;
m) There is the phenomenon of undissolved or hollow EVA;
n) Severe chalking or severe yellowing of the backplane is aging;
o) The front and rear glass of the double-glass module is not tightly sealed, causing gaps or bubbles;
p) Oxidation and corrosion of the silver grid of the cell;
q) The diode in the component junction box is burned out or short-circuited;
r) The components are affected by heavy dust, bird droppings, etc., causing the output electrical performance to drop by more than 5%.
6.3.1.3 Slight appearance defects
a) A few wrinkles on the back panel, clean surface, and arch starting point ≤0.5mm;
b) Poor anodized coating on the surface of the frame and scratches;
c) Scratches on the glass surface of the module < 100mm;
d) The scratches on the backplane of the module do not break the first film and are less than 50mm;
e) The area of the bulge or pit of the back plate is less than 100mm²;
f) There are obvious chromatic aberrations in the component cells;
g) The components are blocked by dust, bird droppings, etc., but they have not caused hot spots or reduced electrical performance by no more than 5%.
6.3.2 Power generation performance
6.3.2.1 Test method
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.2 (MQT02) method.
6.3.2.2 Power generation efficiency
The power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules is expressed by four indicators, namely the conversion efficiency η under the conditions of STC, NOCT, LIC, HTC, and LTC.
among them.
a) High temperature conditions
Battery temperature. 75℃
Irradiance. 1000 W m-2
b) Low temperature conditions
Battery temperature. 15℃
Irradiance. 500 W m-2
6.3.3 Reliability
For newly-built or expanded photovoltaic power plants, the reliability of photovoltaic modules should be tested, and those that meet the requirements of the test results should be evaluated.
Determine it to meet the requirements of the corresponding quality level. For components that have been tested, the test can be omitted.
The recommended tests for power stations that have been officially put into operation include PID, bypass diode thermal test and temperature cycling test, which can be carried out as required.
Line adjustment.
According to the test content/sequence requirements, select a corresponding number of components from the selected components for testing.
6.3.3.1 Test procedure
6.3.3.2 Test items
6.3.3.2.1 Visual inspection
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.1 (MQT01).
6.3.3.2.2 Electroluminescence test
Place the tested component in a dark room, connect the positive pole of the DC power supply to the positive pole of the photovoltaic component, and connect the negative pole to the negative pole to the photovoltaic group.
The component enters the reverse current of the component short-circuit current, and the camera is used to take a picture of the component.
See 6.4 for test requirements and judgments.
6.3.3.2.3 Stability test
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.19 (MQT19).
6.3.3.2.4 Insulation test
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.3 (MQT03).
6.3.3.2.5 Wet leakage current test
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.15 (MQT15).
6.3.3.2.6 Thermal cycle test
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.11 (MQT11).
6.3.3.2.7 Wet Freeze Test
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.12 (MQT12).
6.3.3.2.8 Damp heat test
Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.12 (MQT12).
6.3.3.2.9 UV test
a) Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.10 (MQT10);
b) In this standard, there are various definitions of UV content, among which the ratio of UVA and UVB content in UV content should meet
IEC 61215-2 requirements, other attributive terms applicable to this standard.
--UV15.The irradiation measurement is not less than 15KWh;
--UV30.The irradiation measurement is not less than 30KWh;
--UV60.The irradiation measurement is not less than 60KWh.
6.3.3.2.10 Dynamic mechanical load test
Test according to the requirements of IEC 62782.
6.3.3.2.11 PID test
a) Test according to the requirements of IEC 62804;
b) Test conditions are. temperature 85℃, humidity 85%, test voltage. the highest voltage of the system;
c) The test time is set according to the test level.
6.3.3.2.12 Hot spot durability test
a) Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.9 (MQT09);
b) The test time is set according to the test level.
6.3.3.2.13 Thermal performance test of bypass diode
a) Test according to IEC 61215-2 4.18.1 (MQT18.1);
b) Different test conditions apply to different quality levels, see 6.3.4 for specific requirements.
6.3.4 Testing requirements
6.3.4.1 Quality class C (class C)
6.5 Photovoltaic module infrared thermal imaging test
According to IEC 62446-3 "Photovoltaic (PV) System-Test and Commissioning, System Documentation and Performance Maintenance Requirements Part 3.Photovoltaic Modules and Power Stations
The outdoor infrared thermal imaging of the ”is detected and the result is judged, the classification of the thermal abnormality is shown in Table 1.
7 Photovoltaic mounting system
7.1 Sampling inspection requirements
Among the selected power generation units, three complete bracket systems are selected for testing, covering all types, models and manufacturers.
7.2 Material compliance check
The materials and key components of the support system should meet the recommended standards in Table 2 or other equivalent standards.
7.3 Structural verification
a) The size and position of the bracket opening as a fixing function should meet the equipment fixing requirements, and the connection point should ensure the grounding continuity;
b) All accessible, protruding and corner parts of the support system should be handled safely;
c) Without special installation instructions, brackets and fasteners cannot be used as part of component protection;
d) Unless there are clear and necessary instructions in the installation book, the finalized bracket system cannot be changed. Such as assembly bolts on components,
Punching or other actions that destroy the inherent structure of the component;
e) Grounding bolts should be reserved for the support column;
f) It is applicable to the support system in the earthquake zone, and the seismic check calculation should be carried out.
7.4 Check of carrying capacity
a) Should meet the requirements of GB 50797;
b) For threaded fasteners used in cross-sections, the load force ratio of the tightening surface load to the upward, downward and downward slope surface load force of the bracket system design shall be at least
3.1;
c) When the perforated screw is used, the perforation load must be limited to 10% of the material tension;
d) The load-bearing capacity of fasteners should conform to the characteristics of alternating loads. The number of fasteners should be increased or other equivalent measures should be taken according to the requirements of the load.
Shi.
7.5 Appearance and size check
a) When there are defects such as rust, pitting or scratches on the surface of the steel, the depth shall not be greater than 1/2 of the negative allowable deviation of the thickness of the steel;
b) The steel surface should not have defects such as cracks, bubbles, scars, embroidering, inclusions, folding and end face delamination;
c) Slight pits, bumps, indentations, hair lines and scratches not more than 10% of the nominal thickness are allowed;
d) The surface of the aluminum alloy material should not have unevenness, deformation, wrinkles, peeling, corrosion spots, bubbles, electric burns, flow marks, stickiness and
Defects such as film (coating) layer falling off;
e) The size should meet the design requirements, and the installation deviation should meet the requirements of GB 50794.
7.6 Film thickness test of zinc coating
a) Weighing method, magnetic method, cross-sectional microscope method, anodic dissolution coulometric method can be used to test the thickness of hot-dip galvanized layer.
The method refers to GB/T 13912;
b) For different types of aluminum alloy profiles, test the film thickness in accordance with the requirements of GB 5237;
c) At least 3 points of the sample should be tested, excluding the thinnest position of the coating such as the cross section, the threaded surface, and the thinnest metal coating
The inner surface and the outer surface of the same number of points;
d) The average thickness of the galvanized layer should not be less than 55μm or not less than the original design value.
7.7 Tracking performance verification
7.7.1 Scope of work
For the stent system with tracking function, without special declaration, at least the following requirements shall be met.
a) Single-axis tracker. the horizontal position is the initial position of 0°, the eastward rotation is a positive angle, and the westward rotation is a negative angle. Its working angle
Not less than -45°～45°;
b) Dual-axis tracker. the altitude angle direction is 0° in the horizontal position, the southward rotation is a positive angle, and the northward rotation is a negative angle.
The working angle is not less than 0°～70°. The direction of the azimuth angle is 0° as the south position is a negative angle when running east, and a positive angle when running westward
Degree, its daily working angle is not less than -100°～100°.
7.7.2 Run function
For the tracking system's limit function (software status), limit function (hardware status), rain mode, snow mode, wind protection mode,
Manual operation mode, maintenance mode, emergency stop function, power failure automatic recovery operation and other functions are operated to check their functionality.
7.7.3 Tracking accuracy test
According to GB/T 29320-20125.6, the accuracy should be consistent with the tracking accuracy of the flat single-axis tracker is ±2°, the oblique single-axis tracking
The sensor is ±2°, and the dual-axis tracker is ±1°.
7.7.4 Power consumption verification
According to GB/T 29320-2012 5.7, the average daily energy consumption should not exceed 3% of the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system carried.
8 Photovoltaic combiner box
8.1 Sampling inspection requirements
In the selected power generation unit, the real-time power generation power of the combiner box is counted, and the combiner box with the highest, lowest, and median power generation power is selected.
8.2 Technical requirements
The DC combiner box should meet the requirements of GB/T 34936, and the AC combiner box should meet the GB 7251 standard certification.
8.3 Check items
9 Photovoltaic inverter
9.1 Sampling inspection requirements
In the selected power generation unit, each inverter is selected for testing. If the number of random inspections cannot cover typical elements, it should be increased
Sampling number until all elements are covered.
9.2 Technical requirements
It shall meet the technical requirements of NB/T 32004 power station type.
9.3 Maximum conversion efficiency
Test the maximum power generation efficiency of the inverter in accordance with the requirements of NB/T 32004.
9.4 Power quality
Check the appearance and consistency of the inverter according to the test requirements of NB/T 32004.Harmonic, three-phase current unbalance, power factor
Count and DC component for detection.
10 Step-up transformer
10.1 Sampling inspection requirements
In the selected power generation unit, one typical step-up transformer is checked.
10.2 Requirements
The product should meet the requirements of GB 1094, where
a) No-load loss deviation, load loss deviation, total loss deviation, no-load current deviation, short-circuit impedance deviation, winding resistance measurement,
Voltage ratio measurement and connection group label verification should meet the requirements of GB 1094.1;
b) Applied withstand voltage test and induction withstand voltage test, lightning impulse test should meet the requirements of GB 1094.3;
c) The temperature rise test should meet the requirements of GB 1094.2.
11 Monitoring ...
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