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HJ 298-2019 English PDF

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HJ 298-2019: Technical specifications on identification for hazardous waste
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HJ 298: Evolution and historical versions

Standard ID	Contents [version]	USD	STEP2	[PDF] delivered in	Standard Title (Description)	Status	PDF
HJ 298-2019	English	299	Add to Cart	3 days [Need to translate]	Technical specifications on identification for hazardous waste	Valid	HJ 298-2019
HJ/T 298-2007	English	130	Add to Cart	0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery	Technical specifications on identification for hazardous waste	Obsolete	HJ/T 298-2007

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Basic data

Standard ID	HJ 298-2019 (HJ298-2019)
Description (Translated English)	Technical specifications on identification for hazardous waste
Sector / Industry	Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard	Z13
Classification of International Standard	13.030.10
Word Count Estimation	13,172
Date of Issue	2019
Date of Implementation	2020-01-01
Issuing agency(ies)	Ministry of Ecology and Environment

HJ 298-2019: Technical specifications on identification for hazardous waste

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Technical specifications on identification for hazardous waste National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic of China Replaces HJ/T 298-2007 Technical specification for identification of hazardous waste 2019-11-12 released 2020-01-01 implementation Released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment

Foreword ... i 1 Scope ... 1 2 Normative references ... 1 3 Terms and definitions ... 1 4 Sample Collection ... 2 5 Sample preparation, sample storage and pretreatment ... 6 6 Sample testing ... 6 7 Test result judgment ... 6 8 Technical requirements for the identification of hazardous properties of solid wastes involved in environmental incidents ... 7 9 Quality Assurance and Quality Control ... 8 10 Implementation and supervision ... 8

Foreword

In order to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", "The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste" and related laws And regulations, strengthen the environmental management of hazardous wastes, ensure the scientificity of hazardous waste identification, and formulate this standard. This standard specifies the techniques for the collection and testing of samples and the determination of test results in the identification of hazardous properties of solid waste. Claim. This standard was first published in.2007, and this is the first revision. The main contents of this revision. Further refined the sampling object, number of samples, sampling method, sample detection, test result judgment, etc. of hazardous waste identification skills requirement; Added technical requirements for sampling, testing, and judgment on the identification of hazardous characteristics of solid wastes involved in environmental events. This Standard is revised by the Department of Solid Waste and Chemicals, Regulations and Standards Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. The main drafting organization of this standard. Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences. This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on November 12,.2019. This standard will be implemented from January 01, 2020. This standard is explained by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

1 Technical specifications for identification of hazardous waste

1 Scope

This standard specifies the techniques for the collection and testing of samples and the determination of test results in the identification of hazardous properties of solid waste. Claim. This standard applies to the identification of the hazardous characteristics of solid wastes produced in production, domestic and other activities, including those involved in environmental events. Identification of hazardous properties of solid waste. This standard applies to the identification of liquid waste. This standard does not apply to the identification of radioactive waste.

2 Normative references

The content of this standard refers to the clauses in the following documents. For undated references, the valid version is applicable to this standard. GB 5085.1 Identification standards for hazardous wastes Corrosive identification GB 5085.2 Identification of hazardous waste GB 5085.3 Identification of hazardous wastes GB 5085.4 Identification of hazardous waste Flammability identification GB 5085.5 Identification of hazardous waste Reactive identification GB 5085.6 Identification of hazardous wastes Identification of toxic substances GB 5085.7 General rules for identification of hazardous waste GB 34330 General Standard for Identification of Solid Waste GB/T 3723 General safety rules for industrial chemical product sampling HJ/T 20 Technical Specifications for Sampling and Preparation of Industrial Solid Waste "Emergency Environmental Management Measures" (Decree No. 34 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection) National Hazardous Waste List (Order of the Ministry of Environmental Protection No. 39)

3 terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 the sample Refers to solid waste taken from a point or location of a batch of solid waste at a specified quality with a sampler at one operation. 3.2 weight of a sample Refers to the mass of solid waste that makes up one sample. 3.3 number of samples Refers to the number of samples collected from a batch of solid waste. 3.4 solid waste referring to an environmental incident Refers to solid wastes related to environmental events such as illegal transfer, dumping, storage, utilization, and disposal of solid wastes, and environmental emergencies And the solid waste generated during their disposal. 24 Sample Collection 4.1 Determination of sampling objects 4.1.1 Classification and sampling should be carried out according to the source of solid waste. It is forbidden to mix solid waste from different sources. 4.1.2 When two or more production lines with the same raw materials, process routes and products are produced, the solid produced by a single production line can be collected. Physical waste represents this type of solid waste. 4.1.3 When solid waste is a substance that has lost its original value of use as specified in GB 34330, each type of substance is treated as a type of solid waste. Don't sample and identify. Sampling should meet the following requirements. a) If the hazardous properties are all derived from the substance itself, and the hazardous characteristics do not change or decrease during use, the substance should be collected Unused samples. b) If all or part of the hazardous characteristics originate from the use process, it should be taken when the substance can no longer be used according to the original design purpose. kind. 4.1.4 Solid waste is a by-product generated during the production process (including the use and disposal of solid waste) specified in GB 34330. The type of solid waste is determined according to the production process node, and each type of solid waste is sampled and identified separately. Sampling should meet the following requirements. a) Sampling should be performed at the process stage where the solid waste is separated from normal production processes or utilization processes. b) Sampling should be performed during the production period when production facilities, equipment, raw and auxiliary materials and production load are stable. 4.1.5 Solid waste is a substance produced in the process of environmental treatment and pollution control specified in GB 34330, and should be contaminated in pollution control facilities. Sampling during the production period with stable sources of dyestuffs, facility operating load, and effects; The solid waste generated during the process is sampled separately. 4.1.6 Sampling of solid waste in the storage state shall meet the following requirements. a) If the production process has not been terminated, the original production process samples shall be collected in accordance with 4.1.2 ~ 4.1.5. b) If the generation process has been terminated, collect solid waste. c) Solid wastes involved in environmental events shall be sampled in accordance with the relevant requirements in Chapter 8 of this standard. 4.1.7 Solid wastes. fixed containers, reaction vessels and pipes replaced or removed by production and service facilities, powdered, semi-solid, liquid Packaging or containers produced after use of the product, and powdery, semi-solid, liquid products produced during product maintenance or product waste disassembly The container for material should be sampled from the contents of the container. Each type of content is sampled as a type of solid waste. 4.1.8 Water body sediments and sewage generated during the process of water environment, pollution land treatment and repair, which need to be treated and treated as solid waste Soils and other environmental media should be based on the diffusion characteristics of pollutants in water bodies and polluted plots without secondary disturbance as much as possible And environmental survey results, classify and sample environmental media with different levels of pollution. 4.1.9 Construction waste that needs to be identified for hazardous wastes should, as far as possible, be demolished, cleaned up or during the process according to the composition of the building. And pollution characteristics are classified and sampled separately. 4.2 Determination of the number of samples 4.2.1 The identification of hazardous wastes shall be determined according to the quality of the solid wastes to be identified (except in the cases listed in Article 4.2.4), Table 1 The minimum number of solid waste samples to be collected. 3 Table 1 Minimum number of samples for solid waste collection Mass of solid waste (expressed in q) (tons) Minimum number of samples (pcs) q≤5 5 5 ＜ q≤25 8 25 < q≤50 13 50 ＜ q≤90 20 90 ＜ q≤150 32 150 ＜ q≤500 50 500 < q≤1000 80 q ＞ 1000 100 4.2.2 The solid waste in the stockpiled state shall be based on the total amount of solid waste stockpiled, and the minimum number of samples to be collected shall be determined according to Table 1. 4.2.3 Solid waste generated during the production process, with solid waste at the actual maximum production load of the production facility since trial production Based on the yield, determine the minimum number of samples to be collected according to Table 1. Solid waste meeting the requirements of Article 4.1.2 Based on the maximum output of a single production line with the largest output, determine the minimum number of samples to be collected according to Table 1. Solid waste production The amount is determined according to the following methods. a) When solid waste is continuously produced, the amount of solid waste generated within one month of the determined process link is used as the basis. Determine the minimum number of samples to be collected. If the continuous production period is less than one month, the solid waste in one production period is used. The amount of production is based. b) When solid waste is produced intermittently, if the time interval between the generation of solid waste is less than or equal to one month, the process cycle should be determined. Based on the maximum amount of solid waste generated in a month, determine the minimum number of samples to be collected according to Table 1. As solid The time interval for waste generation is greater than one month. Based on the total amount of solid waste generated each time, the needs are determined according to Table 1. The minimum number of samples collected. 4.2.4 The identification of the hazardous characteristics of solid waste in the following situations may not determine the number of samples based on the amount of solid waste generated. a) The identification sample is the substance specified in Article 4.1.3 a) of this standard, and the number of samples can be appropriately reduced, and the number of samples is not less than 2. When the solid waste is a discarded packaging or container as specified in Article 4.1.7, the sampling of the contents shall be performed with reference to this Article. b) The solid waste is wastewater treatment sludge, such as the source, type, discharge amount and stable content of pollutants of wastewater from wastewater treatment facilities. The number of samples can be appropriately reduced, and the number of samples should be no less than 5. c) The solid waste originates from continuous production processes, and the facility has stable long-term operation, and the types and sources of raw and auxiliary materials are fixed. Reduce the number of samples to be sampled. The number of samples is not less than 5. d) Liquid waste stored in storage tanks, non-movable large containers, and tank cars can reduce the number of samples. Open No less than 5 samples of liquid waste in storage tanks and large non-removable containers; closed storage tanks, non-removable For large containers and tank trucks, if there is no sampling during waste removal, the number of samples shall be no less than 2. e) Solid waste stored in removable small containers (volume ≤1000L), when the number of containers is less than determined according to Table 1. The minimum number of samples can be appropriately reduced, and one solid waste sample is collected per container. f) the identification of the hazardous characteristics of solid wastes caused by environmental events such as the illegal transfer, dumping, storage, use, and disposal of solid wastes, 4 Due to environmental event treatment or emergency disposal requirements, the number of samples can be appropriately reduced. The number of samples for each type of solid waste is not Less than 5. g) Water body deposits produced during the water environment, pollution land treatment and restoration process, which need to be treated and disposed of in accordance with solid waste And environmental media such as soil and contaminated soil, and solid waste generated during environmental events and their treatment, if identified The process has been classified according to the pollution characteristics, and the number of samples can be appropriately reduced. The number of samples for each type of solid waste is quite large. In five. 4.3 Determination of sample size 4.3.1 The volume of solid waste samples collected shall meet the following requirements at the same time. a) meet the needs of analysis operations; b) According to the maximum particle size of the primary particles of solid waste, not less than the mass specified in Table 2. Table 2 Minimum sample size required for one sample of solid waste with different particle diameters Maximum particle size of primary particles (expressed as d) (cm) Minimum sample size (g) d≤0.50 500 0.50 < d≤1.0 1000 d ＞ 1.0.2000 4.3.2 The volume of semi-solid and liquid waste samples collected should meet the needs of analysis operations. 4.4 Sampling time and frequency 4.4.1 Consecutive generation. Samples should be collected at equal time intervals within a month (or a production period); each sampling is stable when the equipment is stable Completed within 8 hours of operation (or one production shift). Each collection is taken as 1 sample. 4.4.2 Occurs intermittently. Sampling according to the number of solid wastes generated within a month of the determined process. If the time interval is greater than one month, you only need to select the number of samples required for collection in a production period; If the number is greater than or equal to the required number of samples, follow the principle of equal time interval to sample at the solid waste generation period, and collect 1 sample at a time; If the number of times of solid waste generated within one month is less than the required number of samples, the required number of samples is evenly distributed to each production period. 4.5 Sampling method 4.5.1 Sampling tools, sampling procedures, sampling records and sample containers for solid waste shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of HJ/T 20. Sampling of solid waste Refer to GB/T 3723 for safety measures. 4.5.2 During the sampling process, measures shall be taken to prevent the loss of hazardous components, cross-contamination and secondary pollution. 4.5.3 The solid waste generated during the production process shall be collected at the solid waste discharge (discharge) feed port according to the following methods. a) Solid waste discharged from the discharge port The sampling process should be cleaned in advance and the solid waste should be properly discharged before collecting samples. When sampling, use a suitable container to connect Hold the discharge port, and take the required amount of solids at regular intervals according to the total number of samples to be collected or the number of samples to be collected at this time. waste. Take one sample each time you take solid waste. b) Plate and frame filter press Number the plates and frames of the filter press in sequence, and use the random number table method in HJ/T 20 to extract the same number of samples that need to be collected this time. The sample plate is taken as a sampling unit. When sampling, remove the plate and frame after dehydration by pressure filtration, and scrape off solid waste. Taken inside each plate frame 5 solid wastes as 1 sample. 4.5.4 Sampling of solid waste a) Bulk accumulation of solid and semi-solid waste For bulk solid or semi-solid wastes with a stack height less than or equal to 0.5m, the solid waste pile is tiled to a thickness of A 10 ~ 15cm rectangle, divided into 5N (N is the total number of samples to be sampled according to section 4.2, the same applies hereinafter) Grids, numbered sequentially; use the random number table method in HJ/T 20 to extract N grids as sampling units, and use the grid at the center of the grid. A sample shovel or shovel takes solid waste at full thickness vertically. One solid sample was taken from each grid. For bulk solid or semi-solid wastes with a stack height greater than 0.5m, samples should be taken in layers; the number of sampling layers should be not less than 2 The layers are arranged at equal intervals according to the solid and semi-solid waste stacking height; the number of samples taken in each layer should be equal. Stratified sampling Drilling or mechanical drilling. b) Solid waste in open storage tanks or immovable large containers The containers (including those above ground, underground, and semi-underground) are divided into 5N grids of equal area and numbered sequentially. For liquid waste, use the random number table method in HJ/T 20 to extract N grids as sampling units to take samples. For no obvious stratification The liquid waste is sampled using glass sampling tubes or heavy bottle samplers. Remove the glass sampling tube or re-vial sampler from the center of the grid Slowly insert the liquid level vertically to the bottom of the container at the center position; after the sampling tube/sampler is filled with liquid waste, slowly lift it out and inject the sample Sampling container. For liquid waste with obvious stratification, glass sampling tubes or heavy bottle samplers are used for stratified sampling. Every take Times, as 1 sample. For solid and semi-solid waste, if the thickness of solid waste is less than 2m, use the random number table method in HJ/T 20 to extract N grids for mining. The sample unit takes samples. When sampling, use a soil sampler or a long-shovel sampler to insert the bottom of the solid waste vertically at the center of the grid. Part, pull out after rotating 90º. Take one sample of solid waste each time. When the thickness of solid waste is 2m or more, use HJ/T 20 random number table extraction 3 1) (N (rounded integer) grids are used as sampling units to take samples. When sampling, The samples shall be divided into three layers. the upper part (at a depth of 0.3m), the middle part (at a depth of 1/2), and the lower part (at a depth of 5/6). Every take Once, as 1 sample. c) Solid waste in small removable bags, buckets or other containers Each container is sequentially numbered, and N containers are taken as a sampling unit to take samples using the random number table method in HJ/T 20. Under solid For the characteristics of body waste, use a long-shovel sampler, a sleeve sampler or a probe for sampling. Take 1 serving per sampling unit kind. When the maximum side length or height of the container is greater than 0.5m, samples should be taken in layers. The number of sampling layers should be not less than 2 layers, and the samples in each layer should be mixed. As 1 sample. If the sample is liquid waste, mix the liquid waste in the container (except for liquid waste containing volatile components) and open the container. The glass sampling tube or heavy bottle sampler is slowly and vertically inserted from the center of the container mouth to the bottom of the container; the sample tube/sampler is to be installed When full of liquid, slowly lift out and inject the sample into the sampling container. d) Solid waste in closed storage tanks, immovable large containers or tankers Solid waste stored in closed storage tanks, non-removable large containers or tankers should be removed as much as possible during the solid waste removal process Take the sample according to the method in Article 4.5.3 a). If sampling is not possible during the solid waste removal process, remove the waste from the storage tank, container according to 4.5.4 b). 6 Open the upper part of the device to collect samples. If there is a discharge port, collect no less than 1 sample at the same time according to 4.5.3 a). 5 Preparation, sample storage and pretreatment The collected solid waste samples shall be prepared and stored in accordance with the requirements in HJ/T 20, and shall be in accordance with GB 5085.1, GB The analysis methods in 5085.2, GB 5085.3, GB 5085.4, GB 5085.5, and GB 5085.6 require sample pretreatment.

6 Sample testing

6.1 The detection items for the identification of the hazardous characteristics of solid waste shall be determined according to the characteristics of the source of the solid waste. Consultation of industry experts with no direct interest in identifying hazardous properties. After comprehensive analysis of solid waste production process, Auxiliary materials, production links and major hazard components shall be identified for non-existent hazardous characteristics and not tested. Identification of hazardous properties of solid waste Use the corresponding methods and instructions specified in GB 5085.1, GB 5085.2, GB 5085.3, GB 5085.4, GB 5085.5 and GB 5085.6 Standard limits. 6.2 During the test, the main dangerous characteristics that may exist may be selected for testing first. Any test results are in accordance with Article 7 of this standard. When it can be determined that the solid waste has hazardous characteristics, other hazardous characteristics can no longer be detected. Except for types of goods). 6.3 The identification of the hazardous characteristics of solid waste generated during the use or disposal of solid waste should first be based on the solid being used or disposed of. Determine the hazardous characteristics of the waste.

7 Test result judgment

7.1 After testing solid waste samples, the test results exceeded GB 5085.1, GB 5085.2, GB 5085.3, GB 5085.4, The number of samples with corresponding standard limits in GB 5085.5 and GB 5085.6 is greater than or equal to the limit value of the number of samples exceeding the standard in Table 3, and it can be determined. The solid waste has such hazardous characteristics (except for Article 7.3). Table 3 Test results judgment scheme The number of copies exceeds the limit of the number of copies The number of copies exceeds the limit of the number of copies 20 6 ≥100 22 7.2 If the number of solid waste samples collected does not match the number of samples in Table 3, follow the smaller sample in Table 3 that is closest to the actual number of samples The number of samples is used to judge the results. 7.3 When sampling according to Article 4.2.4 of this standard, when the number of samples is less than the minimum number specified in Table 1, the test results exceed GB 5085.1, GB 5085.2, GB 5085.3, GB 5085.4, GB 5085.5, and GB 5085.6 The number of samples with corresponding standard limits is greater than or equal At 1, it can be determined that the solid waste has such a dangerous characteristic. 7.4 When judging the hazardous characteristics of toxic substances, when the same toxic component exists in more than one toxic substance, The substance with the highest mass is calculated and the result is judged. 7.5 If it has been identified to have hazardous properties, it shall determine the type of hazardous waste to which it belongs based on its main harmful components and hazardous properties, and The 7-digit “900-000- ××” (×× is the hazardous waste category code in the National Hazardous Waste List) is classified.

8 Technical requirements for identification of hazardous properties of solid wastes involved in environmental events

8.1 According to the environmental event data and site conditions that can be collected, the source of solid waste should be analyzed as much as possible to identify the solid The composition and type of waste are classified and identified. 8.1.1 The solid wastes involved in environmental events such as illegal transfer, dumping, storage, utilization, and disposal of solid wastes can be determined based on the environmental incidents. The solid waste's appearance form, eff...

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