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HJ 945.1-2018: Technical guideline for the development of national air pollutant emission standards
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Technical guideline for the development of national air pollutant emission standards
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HJ 945.1-2018
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Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 945.1-2018 (HJ945.1-2018) | | Description (Translated English) | Technical guideline for the development of national air pollutant emission standards | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z15 | | Word Count Estimation | 21,246 | | Date of Issue | 2018-12-19 | | Date of Implementation | 2019-01-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment Announcement No.65 of 2018 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | HJ 945.1-2018: Technical guideline for the development of national air pollutant emission standards
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Technical guideline for the development of national air pollutant emission standards
Ministry of Ecology and Environment
National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic
Technical guidelines for the formulation of national air pollutant discharge standards
Technical guideline for the development of national air pollutant
Emission standards
Published on.2018-12-19
2019-01-01 implementation
release
Content
Foreword...iii
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and Definitions...1
4 Basic principles...3
5 Technical route...4
6 Determination of the main technical content...4
7 Cost-benefit analysis of standard implementation...10
8 Standard text structure and description of the main contents...11
Appendix A (informative) Contents and format requirements for the preparation of national air pollutant discharge standards...13
Foreword
To implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China"
This standard is formulated and revised.
This standard stipulates the basic principles and technical routes for the formulation of emission standards for fixed pollution sources, and the main technical contents are indeed
The cost-benefit analysis of the standard implementation, the structure of the standard text, and the main content of the standard preparation instructions.
This standard is the first release.
Appendix A of this standard is an informative annex.
This standard is formulated by the Department of Regulation and Standards of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
This standard was drafted. China Academy of Environmental Sciences.
This standard is approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on December 19,.2018.
This standard has been implemented since January 1,.2019.
This standard is explained by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Technical guidelines for the formulation of national air pollutant discharge standards
1 Scope of application
This standard stipulates the basic principles and technical routes for the formulation of emission standards for fixed pollution sources, and the main technical contents are indeed
Requirements, standard implementation cost-benefit analysis, standard text structure and standard preparation instructions, etc.
This standard applies to the revision and revision of air pollutant discharge standards in fixed pollution source countries. Local pollutant emission standards for fixed pollution sources
The standard revision can be referred to this standard.
2 Normative references
The contents of this standard refer to the following documents or their terms. For undated references, the valid version applies to this standard.
quasi.
GB 3095 Ambient Air Quality Standard
GB/T 3840 Technical method for establishing local air pollutant emission standards
GB/T 16157 Determination of particulate matter in fixed source exhaust gas and sampling method of gaseous pollutants
HJ 75 Fixed Pollution Source Flue Gas (SO2, NOx, Particulate Matter) Emissions Continuous Monitoring Technical Specification
HJ 168 Technical Guidelines for Standardization and Revision of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Methods
HJ 565 Environmental Protection Standards Compilation Technical Guide
HJ 2300 Guidelines for the preparation of feasible technical guidelines for pollution prevention
HJ/T 55 Technical Guidelines for the Monitoring of Unorganized Emissions of Air Pollutants
HJ/T 397 Fixed Source Exhaust Gas Monitoring Technical Specification
Measures for the Administration of the Revision and Revision of National Environmental Protection Standards (Guohuan Regulation Technology [2017] No. 1)
"Guidelines for the Implementation of National Pollutant Discharge Standards Implementation (Trial)" (Circular Science and Technology [2016] No. 94)
List of Priority Control Chemicals (Notice of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, National Health and Family Planning Commission)
No. 83 of.2017)
Hazardous Chemicals Catalogue (Safety Regulatory Authority Announcement No. 5 of.2015)
Measures for the Automatic Monitoring and Control of Pollution Sources (Order No. 28 of the State Environmental Protection Administration)
Measures for the Administration of Environmental Monitoring (Order No. 39 of the State Environmental Protection Administration)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Air pollutant emission standards
In order to improve the quality of the environment, combined with technical, economic and environmental characteristics, the types, concentrations and numbers of atmospheric pollutants discharged into the environment
Restrictions on the limits of the quantity and other factors that cause harm to the environment, monitoring methods and monitoring methods.
3.2
Fixed source of stationary sources
All kinds of industrial enterprises, places, production facilities, fixed equipment, etc. that emit atmospheric pollutants are referred to as fixed sources.
3.3
Air pollutants emission standards for industries
Fixed source air pollutant emission standards applicable to a specific industry.
3.4
General air pollutants emission standards for general facilities
Fixed source air pollutant emission standards applicable to general production processes, equipment, and operating processes in various industries.
3.5
Integrated emission standards for air pollutants
Applicable to fixed source air pollutant discharge standards outside the scope of application of industrial and general air pollutant emission standards.
3.6
Existing sources of stationary stationary sources
A fixed source of production, approval or auditing or filing has been completed before the date of implementation of the standard.
3.7
New source of emissions
Fixed source construction projects for new construction, reconstruction and expansion that have passed the examination, approval or filing of environmental impact assessment documents since the date of implementation of the standards
Head.
3.8
Special emission limit values of air pollutants
According to the requirements of environmental protection work, the density of land development has been higher, the environmental carrying capacity has begun to weaken, or the environmental capacity is relatively
Small areas, fragile ecological environment, areas prone to serious environmental pollution problems and requiring special protection measures, to strictly control enterprises
Limits of atmospheric pollutant emissions set by pollutant discharge behaviour.
3.9
Unorganized emission
Air pollutants do not pass through the irregular discharge of the exhaust pipe.
3.10
Enterprise boundary
The legal boundary of an industrial enterprise. If it is difficult to determine the legal boundary, it refers to the actual land occupation boundary.
3.11
Oxygen content
When the fuel is burned, the excess free oxygen contained in the flue gas is usually expressed as a percentage of dry basis.
3.12
Benchmark oxygen content
A reference value for calculating the oxygen content specified by the concentration of atmospheric pollutants from a combustion source.
3.13
Exhaust volume
The amount of exhaust gas from a fixed source that is discharged into ambient air, including various exhaust gases that are directly and indirectly related to the production process or equipment.
3.14
Benchmark exhaust volume per unit product
The upper limit of the exhaust gas volume of the production unit product specified for the approval of the concentration of atmospheric pollutants.
4 Basic principles
4.1 Legal and supporting principles
The standard shall regulate the emission conditions allowed by law, and the requirements specified in the standards shall comply with the requirements of various national laws and regulations.
Support the implementation of environmental impact management systems such as environmental impact assessment, pollutant discharge permit, total amount control, environmental protection tax, and supervision and enforcement.
4.2 Green and Leading Principles
Standards should fully consider national economic and social development planning and ecological environmental protection planning, industrial development strategic planning and industrial policies,
Targets and requirements such as access conditions, promote industrial structure optimization and adjustment, production technology and pollution prevention technology advancement, leading green and low
Carbon, recycling development.
4.3 Risk prevention and control principles
When formulating standards, industry characteristic pollutants should be identified and screened, based on environmental quality standards and pollution prevention techniques of various characteristic pollutants.
Level of surgery, monitoring methods and monitoring levels, etc., for the characteristic emission of qualified pollutants, clear emission limits, characteristic pollution without conditions
Clear environmental management requirements.
4.4 Principle of objective impartiality
The standard formulation should objectively and truly reflect the production process of the emission source, the level of pollution prevention technology and the discharge status of pollutants, etc.
Relevant opinions of relevant state departments, local ecological environment departments, industrial production enterprises, relevant associations, the public, etc., refer to developed countries
Based on the level of control of similar standards, emission control requirements are proposed to be objective and fair.
4.5 System Coordination Principle
Standards should be linked to other industry-type, general-purpose or comprehensive national air pollutant emission standards to avoid overlapping and contaminants.
The project and emission limits shall be applied and matched with the standards of monitoring and analysis methods to meet the requirements of environmental supervision and management standards.
Department is strict and coordinated.
4.6 Reasonable Feasibility Principle
Standards should be used as a means of implementing environmental access and exit, reducing pollutant emissions, improving environmental quality and preventing environmental risks,
Formulate the national economy and technology level, clarify the technical route of compliance, and conduct environmental and economic cost analysis to ensure standard technology
And economically viable.
5 Technical route
5.1 The revision and revision of national air pollutant discharge standards shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the “Administrative Measures for the Revision and Revision of National Environmental Protection Standards”.
Work at all stages.
5.2 The main technical work of the standard revision includes environmental management needs analysis and current standard implementation assessment, data collection
And analysis, on-site investigation and actual measurement, classification and grading of pollution prevention and control technology, standard technical content determination and standard related material preparation, etc.
The route is shown in Figure 1.
6 Determination of main technical content
6.1 Environmental Management Requirements Analysis and Evaluation of Current Standard Implementation
6.1.1 Analysis of environmental protection laws and regulations, national economic and social development plans, ecological environmental protection plans and pollution prevention actions
Planning, environmental air quality compliance requirements, environmental impact assessment, sewage permit, total control, environmental protection tax, supervision and enforcement, etc.
Environmental management requirements, clarify the state's emissions management needs for air pollutants.
6.1.2 In combination with the results of environmental management needs analysis, in-depth analysis and assessment of the air pollutant discharge standards that have been evaluated for implementation.
Put forward the key points of standard revision; for air pollutant emission standards that have not been evaluated for implementation, reference should be made to the National Pollutant Discharge Standard.
Implementation of the Assessment Work Guide (Trial) analyzes the problems existing in the current standards, including the scope of application of the standards, emission control requirements,
Field measurement
Cost-benefit analysis
Classification and classification of pollution prevention and control technologies
Determine the industry-wide research plan to determine the actual test plan
Enterprise field research
Evaluation
Adjustment
Emission data collection and analysis industry production data, domestic and international standards and laws and regulations
Environmental management needs analysis and assessment of current standards implementation
Data collection and analysis
On-site investigation and on-site measurement
Standard technical content determination
Prepare standard texts for atmospheric pollutant discharge
Preparation of air pollutant discharge standards
specification
Sexual introduction
Use
emission
control
index
controlled
Pollution
Item
other
control
Claim
Pollution
Material supervisor
Measurement
Meet the standard
determination
Claim
Pollution
Row
Limit
Be applicable
range
Implementation
Supervision
the term
And
Figure 1 Technical route for the formulation of national air pollutant discharge standards
Monitoring requirements, etc., to clarify the focus of standard revision.
6.2 Data collection and analysis
6.2.1 Collect the latest industry development plans, industrial development strategy plans, industry access conditions and other policy documents, analyze the industry development side
Requirements for management of emissions to air pollutants.
6.2.2 Investigate industry production data, including. national emission source quantity, regional distribution, scale, production process type, production
Number of installations, product production in recent years, production value and proportion of total national output, the situation in major countries of the world, and cleaner production
Art application, raw materials and fuel consumption, industry development history, etc., analysis of production characteristics, future mainstream production processes and development trends
Potential.
6.2.3 Investigate data on pollutant production and emission control, including. various types of raw materials and chemical components, production processes
Process, types of pollutants, pollution-producing nodes and pollution levels, as well as various emission control technologies and emission levels, investment costs and operation and maintenance costs
Its proportion, environmental management measures, etc. Analyze the development trend of future emission control technologies.
6.2.4 Collecting pollutant discharge environmental monitoring data, including. online monitoring, law enforcement monitoring, enterprise self-monitoring, construction projects
The environmental protection acceptance monitoring data of the project, including the average emission concentration, oxygen content and displacement of the pollutants at different times, etc.
And enterprise design capacity, actual production, production load, etc. Analysis of pollutant discharge levels, compliance ratios, and emissions of various production processes
Sign.
6.2.5 Collect relevant domestic and international emission standards, including. China's relevant pollutant discharge standards, as well as the United States, the European Union, and Japan.
Emission control regulations, standards, and guidelines for countries, regions, and international organizations such as Germany and the World Bank. Analysis of current emission standards in China
The scope of application and the emission control requirements are at the international level.
6.3 Site investigation
6.3.1 According to the existing production process types, raw material types, products, scale, pollution prevention technology, control level and distribution in the country
Conditions and other factors, the types of emission sources are divided, and nationally representative enterprises are selected for on-site investigation. For those who have already mastered the research
In-depth analysis of production and emissions data to determine the content of the survey.
6.3.2 Conduct in-depth on-site investigations of selected representative enterprises, including but not limited to the following. production of raw materials and ingredients, fuel
Type and source, process and clean production level, organized and unorganized sewage interception nodes, pollutant types, pollution prevention technology water
Level, emission control device investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, annual output value and profit. Should also communicate with the technical staff of the current standards in the implementation of the standard
Problems, production process improvements, and emission control technology enhancement potential.
6.4 Field measurement
6.4.1 During the data collection and on-site investigation phase, the collected monitoring data should cover representative devices of more than 80% of the industry's production capacity.
Type, the pollutant project is complete, can reflect the emission characteristics of air pollutants, and has the necessary data for the emission limit. Otherwise, you should choose
Representative sources are measured.
6.4.2 Before the actual measurement, a scientific and reasonable and practical measurement plan should be formulated according to the production and emission characteristics of the emission source. Measured party
The case includes at least production conditions, monitoring targets, monitoring points, frequency of monitoring, pollutants, sampling specifications, sample analysis and data.
Management, monitoring and analysis method standards, quality assurance and quality control, safeguards and other content.
6.4.3 The measured pollutants should be analyzed for the pollution of the raw materials, the intermediates produced in the production process, and the production facilities.
Determined on the basis of substances, including inorganic gaseous pollutants, particulate matter, organic pollutants, heavy metals, carcinogens, mutagenic substances
And reproductive toxic substances.
6.4.4 The actual measurement plan should organize expert argumentation to ensure that the measured data is accurate and credible, and ensure the integrity of the data in all key links. If necessary
Initially, preliminary tests can be carried out to analyze and evaluate the preliminary results and optimize the actual measurement plan.
6.5 Classification and classification of pollution prevention and control technologies
6.5.1 According to the obtained technical data on prevention and control of atmospheric pollutants, list the prevention and control technology and the principle of each technology, refer to HJ 2300
The requirements for the collection of air pollutant control technologies are classified.
6.5.2 Determine each type of pollution prevention by analyzing the on-site research data, online data and on-site measured data related to each type of pollution prevention and control technology.
Environmental economy such as removal efficiency of technology, emission level, investment cost of construction of control equipment, operating cost per unit of pollutant removal
Technical level indicators and parameters, as well as other environmental impacts, environmental benefits, economic benefits, etc., level the technical level.
6.6 Determination of the scope of application
6.6.1 The scope of application of industry-type air pollutant emission standards should be able to cover all types of emission sources permitted by law in the industry.
The gas pollutant discharge standard should cover all types of sewage facilities within the scope of general production processes, equipment, and operation processes.
6.6.2 For air pollutant emission control requirements of the same type of fixed source, in principle, no cross-regulation is made in different standards.
Industry enterprises with industrial air pollutant emission standards, the general production process, equipment, operation process, etc., still apply to general-purpose large
Gas pollutant discharge standards. Comprehensive air pollution is applicable to all sources of applicable industrial and general air pollutant emission standards.
Emission standards.
6.6.3 The scope of application should clarify the specific technical content and standards specified in the standard in the application of ecological environment management, and should be clear when necessary
The standard does not apply.
6.7 Determination of terms and definitions
6.7.1 The terms and definitions necessary to understand the standard shall be given in the order in which they appear in the standard text.
6.7.2 Terms and definitions should have an accurate source. Try to use the definitions in national standards, national environmental protection standards or international standards. If
Unacceptable terms and definitions should be based on sufficient literature research and in-depth argumentation to identify scientific, accurate and concise terms and
definition.
6.8 Determination of emission control requirements
6.8.1 Emission control requirements mainly include. pollutants, control indicators, emission limits, monitoring locations, baseline oxygen levels, and unit yields.
The standard exhaust gas quantity, execution time, etc., may also specify the technical and management measures for implementing the standard. Emission control requirements should be
Management means verification and confirmation.
6.8.2 Contaminant items. Both industrial and general-purpose air pollutant emission standards should completely control the emitted air pollutants,
The name of the pollutant project should be accurate; when determining the pollutant project, it should be based on the emission data and combined with the relevant rows of developed countries, regions and organizations.
Put the standard, in the following order, screen to determine all the pollutants that need to be controlled.
1) sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides;
2) particulate matter and volatile organic compounds;
3) Carcinogens, mutagenic substances and reproductive toxic substances;
4) Heavy metal pollutants controlled by the state such as lead, cadmium, chromium and arsenic;
5) List of toxic and harmful atmospheric pollutants and substances listed in the List of Priority Control Chemicals;
6) International compliance pollutants such as dioxins and mercury;
7) Substances listed in the Catalogue of Hazardous Chemicals;
8) Other pollutants that have a greater impact on human health.
6.8.3 Control indicators and average time. Control indicators and average time should be based on factors such as emission characteristics, environmental management requirements and monitoring methods.
Consider comprehensively. The control indicators mainly include quality concentration indicators (such as mg/m3) and unit product emission indicators (such as kg/t products).
Etc.), removal rate indicators (such as % removal), emission rate indicators (such as kg/h), etc.; average time is mainly 1 hour, also
For instant, 24 hours, etc.
6.8.4 Determination of organized emission limits. Emission limits mainly include organized emission limits and unorganized emission limits. Organized emission limits
Values are usually listed in tabular form and the corresponding monitoring location is clarified. For each sewage node that can be discharged through the exhaust pipe, the following method should be followed.
Determine organized emission limits.
1) The emission limits of conventional pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides should be considered in consideration of the requirements of the national economic development plan.
State environmental protection planning target requirements, industrial policies and industry access requirements, as well as relevant domestic and international standards, based on the measured results,
The level of pollution prevention technology and the affordability of economic costs are determined.
2) The limits for the emission of toxic and hazardous pollutants should be based on the requirements of environmental air quality limits for the protection of public health and the ecological environment.
The method specified in GB/T 3840 calculates the allowable emission limits and determines the requirements of the above factors. Calculated according to GB/T 3840
The ambient air quality limit for toxic and hazardous pollutants required when the emission limit is allowed, and the limit...
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