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HJ 831-2022 English PDF

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HJ 831-2022: Technical guideline for deriving water quality criteria for freshwater organisms
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HJ 831: Evolution and historical versions

Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] delivered inStandard Title (Description)StatusPDF
HJ 831-2022English529 Add to Cart 5 days [Need to translate] Technical guideline for deriving water quality criteria for freshwater organisms Valid HJ 831-2022
HJ 831-2017English919 Add to Cart 4 days [Need to translate] Technical Guideline for Deriving Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Freshwater Aquatic Organisms Obsolete HJ 831-2017

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Basic data

Standard ID HJ 831-2022 (HJ831-2022)
Description (Translated English) Technical guideline for deriving water quality criteria for freshwater organisms
Sector / Industry Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Word Count Estimation 23,213
Issuing agency(ies) Ministry of Ecology and Environment

HJ 831-2017: Technical Guideline for Deriving Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Freshwater Aquatic Organisms


---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Technical Guideline for Deriving Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Freshwater Aquatic Organisms National Environmental Protection Standard of the People 's Republic of China Establishment of water quality benchmark for freshwater aquatic organisms Technical guide Technical Guideline for Deriving Water Quality Criteria for The Protection of Freshwater Aquatic Organisms 2017-05-11 released 2017-09-01 implementation Ministry of Environmental Protection released I directory Preface .ii 1 Scope of application 1 2 normative reference document 1

3 Terms and Definitions

4 Water quality benchmarking procedures

5 Determination of water quality reference pollutants

6 Toxicity data collection and screening

7 species screening 5 8 Derivation of water quality benchmark 6 9 Review of water quality benchmarks 8 10 benchmark application 8 Appendix A (normative appendices) Time weighted average algorithm 10 Appendix B (informative) International generic toxicity test Freshwater aquatic organisms Appendix C (Informative Annex) List of Indigenous Sensitive Freshwater Aquatic Organisms in China (2016) 12 Appendix D (Normative Appendix) SSD Model and Criteria for Evaluating Goodness Appendix E (Informative Annex) Outline of the Technical Report on Freshwater Aquatic Biology Baseline .19

Foreword

In order to implement the Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection, the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution and the Water Pollution Prevention Management plan ", scientific and normative development of freshwater aquatic biological water quality benchmark, the development of this standard. This standard specifies the fresh water aquatic water quality benchmarking procedures, methods and technical requirements. Appendix A and Appendix D of this standard are normative appendices. Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix E of this standard are informative. This standard is the first release. This standard is a guiding standard. This standard is organized by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Science and Technology Standards Division. The main drafting of this standard. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Benchmarking and Risk Assessment, China Environmental Science Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ecological Environment Research Center. This standard is approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. This standard has been implemented since September 1,.2017. This standard is explained by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. Guidance on the development of water quality benchmark for freshwater aquatic organisms

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the procedures, methods and technical requirements for the development of water quality standards for freshwater aquatic organisms. This standard applies to the development of water quality standards for freshwater aquatic organisms in China. This standard does not apply to the development of freshwater aquatic water quality benchmarks for substances such as endocrine disruptors and highly enriched organic substances.

2 normative reference documents

The contents of this standard refer to the following documents or their terms. For all references that do not specify a date, the latest version applies In this standard. Method for determination of acute toxicity of water quality substances to fleas (large flea) GB/T Method for the determination of acute toxicity of freshwater fish (zebrafish) in water quality substances GB/T 13267 Test method for selection of chemicals for reproductive/developmental toxicity screening GB/T 21805 Chemical algae growth inhibition test GB/T 21806 Chemical fish larval growth test GB/T 21830 Chemical algae Acute activity inhibition test GB/T 21854 Chemical toxicity of fish in early life stages GB/T 29763 Chemical Acute toxicity test of rare crucian carp GB/T 29764 Chemical medaka fish early life stage toxicity test

3 terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 water quality criteria Hazardous substances or harmful factors in the water environment The maximum dose that does not produce harmful effects on human health and aquatic ecosystems Or level. 3.2 freshwater quality criteria for the protection of aquatic organisms Water quality benchmarks that protect freshwater aquatic organisms and their ecological functions, including short-term water quality benchmarks and long-term water quality benchmarks. 3.3 short-term water quality criteria short-term water quality criteria 2 short-term exposure (exposure time less than or equal to 4 days) to protect freshwater aquatic organisms and their ecological functions of water quality benchmark. 3.4 long-term water quality criteria long-term water quality criteria Long-term exposure (exposure time greater than or equal to 21 days) to protect freshwater aquatic organisms and their ecological function of water quality benchmark. 3.5 Chinese native species Not subject to human disturbance, completely dependent on natural factors in China or a particular area of China's biological groups. 3.6 species sensitivity distribution species sensitivity distribution, SSD Describe the data distribution of the sensitivity of different species to environmental factors. This standard uses the effect concentration of environmental factors And the cumulative probability of the affected species. 3.7 5% Hazard concentration for 5% of species, HC5 The concentration of pollutants at the cumulative probability of affected species reaching 5%, or 95% of the species can be effectively protected Pollutant concentration. 3.8 evaluation factor assessment, AF Extend values from HC5 extrapolation to obtain water quality benchmarks. 3.9 acute and chronic than acute-chronic ratio, ACR Comparison of acute toxicity and chronic toxicity of pollutants. 3.10 half lethal concentration 50% of lethal concentration, LC50 Causing a group of experimental experimental organisms half of the concentration of death. 3.11 half effect concentration 50% of effective concentration, EC50 Causing a group of experimental animals to produce half of the biological effects of a concentration. 3.12 No observation effect concentration, NOEC Under the specified exposure conditions, through an experiment and observation, an exogenous contaminant substance does not cause any harmful effects of the organism Maximum concentration. 3.13 minimum observed effect concentration, LOEC Under the specified exposure conditions, through an experiment and observation, an exogenous contaminant substance causes a harmful effect Low concentration. 3.14 Final toxicity value Geometric mean of all acute/chronic toxicity values of a species to a contaminant.

4 Water quality benchmarking procedures

The derivation of the water quality reference value consists of five steps (Figure 1), as follows. (1) Determination of water quality reference pollutants; (2) Toxicity data collection and screening; 3 (3) species screening; (4) derivation of water quality benchmarks; (5) review of water quality benchmarks. data collection Toxicity data Water environment Physical and chemical data Environmental distribution data Data evaluation Species screening Derivation of water quality benchmarks Review of water quality benchmarks Determination of water quality reference pollutants Figure 1 Freshwater aquatic water quality benchmarking process

5 Determination of water quality reference pollutants

For the development of freshwater aquatic biological water quality standards of pollutants, the screening should be determined to meet the following requirements. (1) the substance can be detected in most natural water bodies, or it is possible to predict it by model method, Have potential ecological hazards or risks; (2) the chemical properties of the substance and its environmental behavior parameters are available; (3) the material has an effective analytical method; (4) when the substance in the form of a variety of ions in water, should be regarded as the same substance; (5) When the pollutants are more, should be prioritized.

6 Toxicity data collection and screening

46.1 Data sources The data mainly include freshwater aquatic toxicity data, water physical and chemical parameters data, material physical and chemical properties of the data and Environmental distribution data. The main sources of data are. (1) domestic and foreign toxicity database; (2) Measured data of indigenous species; (3) published documents or reports. 6.2 Data reliability judgment and classification In order to ensure the scientific nature of the water quality benchmark, the reliability of the data needs to be evaluated. Data reliability based on the judge include. (1) whether to use international, national standard test methods and industry technical standards, whether the operation process to follow a good experiment Good Laboratory Practice (GLP); (2) whether the experimental method is scientific and reasonable for the experiment of nonstandard test method; (3) whether the description of the experimental process and the experimental results are detailed; (4) whether the document provides raw data. Reliability data is divided into four levels. (1) Unlimited and reliable data. Data from the GLP system, or the data generation process is fully in line with the experimental criteria (see GB/T 13266, GB/T 13267, GB/T 21766, GB/T 21805, GB/T 21806, GB/T 21830, GB/T 21854, GB/T 29763, GB/T 29764); (2) Restrictive and Reliable Data. The data generation process is not fully consistent with the experimental criteria, but there is sufficient evidence to prove that the data Available; (3) unreliable data. the data generation process and experimental criteria in conflict or contradiction, there is no sufficient evidence to prove data Available, the experimental process can not be convincing or judged by the expert; (4) Uncertain data. did not provide sufficient experimental details, can not determine the reliability of the data. 6.3 Reliability Data Filtering Method Data for water quality benchmarking should be made using unrestricted and reliable data and restrictive and reliable data, which should be The following. (1) the experimental process should be strictly controlled experimental conditions, should be maintained in the test species within the optimal range of growth, Dissolved oxygen saturation greater than 60%, total organic carbon or particulate matter concentration of not more than 5 mg/L; (2) the experimental water should be used standard dilution water, can not use distilled water or deionized water; (3) the experiment must be set the control group (blank control group, co-solvent control group, etc.), if the control group of species out The proportion of stress, disease and death is more than 10%, and the data should not be used; (4) Prior to the use of fluid-type experiments to obtain the material toxicity data, followed by semi-static or static experimental data; 5 (5) Under normal circumstances, the measured concentration of pollutants and the theoretical concentration of the deviation should be less than 20%. For deviations greater than 20% of the data can be processed using the time weighted average method (see Appendix A); (6) experimental data on single-celled animals as test species should not be used; (7) acute toxicity effects test end (including LC50 and EC50) data should be used when the exposure time is less than or equal to 4 Days of toxicity data; (8) Chronic toxicity effects Test end point (mainly NOEC and LOEC) data should be used Exposure time greater than Dose data for 21 days; (9) the species to be covered shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 7 of this Standard; (10) When the same species of the same toxicity end of the experimental data difference of more than 10 times, should be removed outliers. (11) For some important contaminants, if the hardness, organic matter (mainly fulvic acid, humic acid, organic small Molecules, etc.), pH value and other water environmental factors have a significant impact on its toxicity, the benchmark should be taken into account when taking into account the water environment elements , Based on water quality conditions or the establishment of biological ligand and other models to be amended.

7 species screening

7.1 Source of species The reference species should contain different nutritional levels and biological categories, including three categories. (1) International species (see Appendix B), and widely distributed in natural water bodies in China; (2) Native species, sensitive native species See Appendix C; (3) introduction of species. For our rare or endangered species, endemic species, should be based on national wildlife protection laws related to the selective use of As the tested species. 7.2 Principles of the tested species The selected species screening criteria include. (1) the tested species in China's geographical distribution is more extensive, in pure breeding conditions can be domesticated, breeding and access Sufficient quantity, or sufficient resources within a geographical area to ensure that there are even groups available for experimentation; (2) the tested species should have a high sensitivity to the pollutants and the consistency of toxic reactions; (3) the toxicities of the tested species have standardized test end points and methods; (4) The tested species should be an important component of the ecosystem and the representative of the ecological group, and can fully represent the water With the level of ecological nutrition and its relevance; (5) the tested species should have relatively rich biological data; (6) should consider the individual size and length of life of the tested species; (7) the tested species in the artificial domestication, breeding, should maintain the genetic traits stable; 6 (8) When using wild catch species for toxicity testing, ensure that the species has not been exposed to contaminants. 7.3 Demonstration of species and data requirements for water quality benchmarks In determining the water quality baseline, the relevant data should be collected as far as possible for the toxicity data derived from the water quality reference Meet the following requirements. (1) species should cover at least three trophic levels. aquatic plants/primary producers, invertebrates/primary consumers, Vertebrate/secondary consumer (2) species should include at least 5. 1 species of hardcuts, 1 species of hardwood non-carp, 1 species of zooplankton, 1 Species of benthic fauna, 1 species of aquatic plants. When the toxicity data does not meet the above minimum data requirements, the following may be used. (1) to carry out the corresponding environmental toxicology experiments to supplement the relevant data; (2) the toxicity data obtained from the model prediction can be used as reference data after verification; (3) When the chronic toxicity data is insufficient, the acute and chronic ratio can be used to derive the long-term reference value. Acute and chronic data acquisition Should include at least three species (one fish, one invertebrate, one sensitive to acute exposure) under the same experimental conditions Freshwater species) of acute and chronic toxicity data.

8 derivation of water quality benchmarks

8.1 Water quality benchmarking method It is recommended to use the species sensitivity distribution method to derive the water quality standard of freshwater aquatic organisms. Schematic diagram shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 Schematic representation of HC5 using species sensitivity distribution method The specific steps are as follows. 7 (1) Toxicity data distribution test (Eg, KS test, t test) for all toxicological data of the contaminated substances obtained by screening; Does not conform to the normal distribution, should be re-tested after data transformation (such as logarithmic transformation). (2) cumulative probability calculation The final toxicity values of all the selected species are sorted in ascending order and assigned to the rank R, the most The minimum final toxicity value is 1, and the maximum final toxicity value level is N, followed by order. If there are two or two The toxicity values of the above species are equal, then they are arbitrarily arranged in a continuous grade, and the final toxicity value of each species is calculated The cumulative probability is calculated as follows. 100%   + (1) Where. P - cumulative probability,%; R-species sorting rank; The number of N-species. (3) model fitting and evaluation It is recommended to use the logistic distribution of logistic distribution, normal distribution and extreme value distribution. Record D. The fitting degree of these models is evaluated according to the evaluation parameters of the model. The evaluation criteria are given in Appendix D. The final election The choice of the distribution model should be sufficient to describe the data distribution, to ensure that according to the fitting of the SSD curve extrapolated water quality benchmark In the statute is reasonable, reliability. (4) water quality benchmark extrapolation SSD curve on the cumulative probability of 5% of the corresponding concentration value HC5, divided by the assessment factor, you can determine the final freshwater aquatic Biological water quality benchmarks. The evaluation factor is determined according to the quantity and quality of the valid data of the derivation. The general value is 2-5. When effective toxicity When the number of data is greater than 15 and covers enough trophic levels, the evaluation factor is 2. 8.2 Water quality benchmark results The water quality standards derived from this standard are numerical benchmarks, including short-term water quality benchmarks and long-term water quality benchmarks. (1) the benchmark value Freshwater aquatic water quality standards generally retain 4 valid figures. If necessary, can be used to express the scientific method, The unit is expressed in μg/L. (2) the expression of water quality benchmarks Indicators related to freshwater aquatic water quality benchmarks include water quality benchmarks, exposure time, end effects, HC5, assessment child; 8 Water quality benchmarks should be accompanied by technical reports (see Appendix E for the report outline).

9 Water quality benchmark review

9.1 Baseline self-audit project The final determination of the water quality baseline requires careful review of the data used in the benchmark derivation and derivation steps to ensure that the baseline is Reliable. The self-audit project is as follows. (1) whether the toxic data used can be adequately validated; (2) whether all the data used meets the data quality requirements; (3) whether the range of the acute value of a substance is greater than 10 times; (4) whether the acute toxicity data obtained from the effluent test of the substance for any of the species is lower than the short term Benchmark; (5) whether the chronic toxicity value is less than the long-term baseline for any species; (6) whether there is a suspicious value in the acute toxicity data; (7) whether there is a suspicious value in chronic toxicity data; (8) whether the range of acute and chronic ratio is reasonable; (9) whether there is significant anomaly data; (10) whether other important data are missing. 9.2 Benchmarking expert review project (1) whether the data used to derive the benchmark is reliable; (2) whether the species requirements and data volume meet the water quality benchmarking requirements; (3) whether the benchmark derivation process conforms to the technical guidelines; (4) whether the reference value is reasonable; (5) whether there is any deviation from the technical guide and assess whether it is acceptable. 10 benchmark application (1) for the revision of the water environment standard Water quality benchmarks are the basis for the development of water environmental standards. Water quality standards based on this standard can be used to guide water environmental standards Quasi-revision of the system. (2) for environmental quality assessment and environmental risk assessment 9 Water quality benchmark is an important basis for environmental quality assessment and risk assessment. The water quality benchmarks developed in accordance with this standard may be used Water environmental quality assessment and environmental risk assessment of pollutants. (3) for emergency management and environmental damage assessment assessment The water quality reference provides an important reference for the assessment of the emergency management of pollutants and the assessment of environmental damage. When a pollutant Quality caused by sudden pollution accidents, but no corresponding water quality standards as a reference, this time the disposal of pollutants to And damage assessment assessment can be carried out with reference to its short-term water quality benchmarks.

Appendix A

(Normative appendix) Time - weighted mean In the toxicity experiment, if the pollutant has a strong volatility, its concentration in the whole process is to decline, The results of the experiment will be affected by changes in the concentration of matter, therefore, in this case, should be based on biology and statistics Select a suitable concentration as the representative concentration of the concentration range of the biological exposure. Consider the concentration of the sample during the experiment And the time-weighted mean concentration (TWMC) was used as the experimental result Suitable. At this point, the highest concentration and minimum concentration during the experiment should be included in the TWMC calculation. An example of a time-wei...

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