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HJ 656-2013 English PDF

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HJ 656-2013: Technical Specifications for gravimetric measurement methods for PM2.5 in ambient air
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Standard ID	Contents [version]	USD	STEP2	[PDF] delivered in	Standard Title (Description)	Status	PDF
HJ 656-2013	English	449	Add to Cart	3 days [Need to translate]	Technical Specifications for gravimetric measurement methods for PM2.5 in ambient air	Valid	HJ 656-2013

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Basic data

Standard ID	HJ 656-2013 (HJ656-2013)
Description (Translated English)	Technical Specifications for gravimetric measurement methods for PM2.5 in ambient air
Sector / Industry	Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard	Z15
Classification of International Standard	13.040.20
Word Count Estimation	17,163
Quoted Standard	GB 3095-2012; HJ/T 93; JJG 1036
Regulation (derived from)	Department of Environmental Protection Notice No. 48 of 2013
Issuing agency(ies)	Ministry of Ecology and Environment
Summary	This standard specifies: ambient air particulate matter (PM2. 5) manual monitoring methods (gravimetric method) sampling, analysis, data processing, quality control and quality assurance aspects technical requirements. This standard applies to manual moni

HJ 656-2013: Technical Specifications for gravimetric measurement methods for PM2.5 in ambient air

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Technical Specifications for gravimetric measurement methods for PM2.5 in ambient air National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic Environmental air particulate matter (PM2.5) manual monitoring method (gravimetric method) Specification Technical Specifications for gravimetric measurement methods for PM2.5 In ambient air Released on.2013-07-30 2013-08-01 implementation Ministry of Environmental Protection released

Content

Foreword. II 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and Definitions..1 4 Principle of the method 1 5 instruments and equipment..2 6 sampling..3 7 Weighing..3 8 Calculation and representation of results 4 9 Quality Assurance and Quality Control.4 Appendix A (informative) Airtightness inspection method 6 Appendix B (informative) Sampler flow check calibration method.7 Appendix C (informative) Organic filter requirements 8 Appendix D (informative) Record Form..9 Appendix E (informative) Equipment maintenance, calibration cycle table.12

Foreword

Implementing the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" Air Quality Standards (GB 3095-012), standardizing the method of manual monitoring of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5) quasi. This standard specifies the sampling, analysis and data of the manual monitoring method (gravimetric method) of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5). Technical requirements for handling, quality control and quality assurance. Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D, and Appendix E of this standard are informative annexes. This standard was formulated by the Science and Technology Standards Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. This standard is mainly drafted by. China Environmental Monitoring Center. This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on July 30,.2013. This standard has been implemented since August 1,.2013. This standard is explained by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. Technical specification for manual monitoring of airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) (gravimetric method)

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the sampling, analysis and data of the manual monitoring method (gravimetric method) of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5). Technical requirements for handling, quality control and quality assurance. This standard applies to the monitoring of ambient airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) by the manual monitoring method (gravimetric method).

2 Normative references

The contents of this standard refer to the terms in the following documents. For undated references, the valid version applies to this standard. GB 3095-2012 Ambient Air Quality Standard HJ/T 93 PM10 sampler technical requirements and testing methods JJG 1036 electronic balance

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 Particulate matter (particle size less than or equal to 2.5μm) particulate matter(PM2.5) Refers to particulate matter in the ambient air having an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of 2.5 μm or less, also called fine particulate matter. 3.2 Ambient air quality manual monitoring At the monitoring point, the sampling device is used to collect the ambient air sample for a certain period of time, and the collected sample is used in the laboratory analyzer. Process of analysis and processing. 3.3 Work flow rate Under the working environment conditions, the sampler maintains a constant value of the gas production flow rate, and the flow rate that can ensure the cutting characteristics of the cutter is called mining. The working point flow of the sampler. 3.4 24 hour average 24 hour average Refers to the arithmetic mean of a 24-hour average concentration on a natural day, also known as the daily average. 3.5 Standard state Refers to the state when the temperature is 273K and the pressure is 101.325kPa. The concentration of pollutants in this standard is under standard conditions. concentration. 3.6 Calibration scale value (e) Calibration scale The value in mass units used to divide the balance level.

4 Principle of the method

The sampler draws ambient air at a constant sampling flow so that PM2.5 in the ambient air is trapped on a filter of known mass. The PM2.5 concentration was calculated based on the mass change of the filter before and after sampling and the cumulative sample volume. The operating point flow of the PM2.5 sampler is not required. The general situation is as follows. The flow rate of the large flow sampler is 1.05 m3/min; The flow rate of the medium flow sampler is 100L/min; The flow rate of the small flow sampler is 16.67 L/min.

5 Instruments and equipment

5.1 PM2.5 sampler The PM2.5 sampler consists of a cutter, filter clamp, flow measurement and control components, and an air pump. The performance and technical specifications of the PM2.5 sampler used for manual monitoring should meet the requirements of HJ 93, and the PM2.5 can be manually monitored. The sampler used shall be qualified for the applicability of the product issued by the Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of the Environmental Monitoring Instrument of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. report. 5.2 Flow Calibrator Used for flow calibration of samplers of different flows. Large flow flow calibrator. In the range of (0.8 ~ 1.4) m3/min, the error is ≤ 2%. Medium flow flow calibrator. In the range of (60 ~ 125) L/min, the error is ≤ 2%. Small flow flow calibrator. In the range of (0 ~ 30) L/min, the error is ≤ 2%. 5.3 Thermometer Used to measure ambient temperature, calibrate sampler temperature measurement components. measuring range (-30 ~ 50) ° C, accuracy. ± 0.5 ° C. 5.4 Barometer Used to measure ambient atmospheric pressure, calibrate sampler atmospheric pressure measuring components. measuring range (50 ~ 107) kPa, accuracy. ±0.1 kPa. 5.5 Hygrometer For measuring environmental humidity, measuring range (10% ~ 100%) RH, accuracy. ± 5% RH. 5.6 filter According to the purpose of monitoring, inorganic filter membranes such as glass fiber membrane and quartz membrane or polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinyl chloride may be used. Organic filter membranes such as polypropylene and mixed cellulose. The retention efficiency of the filter membrane to 0.3μm standard particles is not less than 99.7%, and the filter membrane See Appendix C for other technical specifications. 5.7 filter storage box The filter drum or filter cartridge used to store the filter or filter cartridge should be made of an inert material that has no effect on the measurement results. The filter should be kept free of adhesions for easy access. 5.8 Analytical balance It is used to weigh the filter. The calibration index value does not exceed 0.1mg. The technical performance of the analytical balance should conform to JJG 1036. Provisions. 5.9 constant temperature and humidity equipment It is used to balance the temperature and humidity of the membrane. (1) Temperature control (15 ~ 30) °C any point, temperature control accuracy ± 1 ° C. (2) Humidity control (50 ± 5)% RH.

6 sampling

6.1 Preparation before sampling 6.1.1 Cutter cleaning. The cutter should be cleaned regularly, depending on the local air quality. Generally tired The meter should be cleaned once after sampling for 168h. In case of bad weather such as dust and sandstorm, it should be cleaned in time. 6.1.2 Ambient temperature check and calibration. Check the ambient temperature measurement indication error of the sampler with a thermometer, and check each sample before sampling. Check once, if the ambient temperature measurement indication error exceeds ±2 °C, the sampler should be temperature calibrated. 6.1.3 Ambient atmospheric pressure check and calibration. Check the ambient atmospheric pressure measurement indication error of the sampler with a barometer, each sampling Check once before, if the ambient atmospheric pressure measurement error exceeds ±1 kPa, the sampler should be pressure calibrated. 6.1.4 Air tightness inspection. It should be checked regularly. See Appendix A for the operation method. 6.1.5 Sampling flow check. Check the sampling flow rate with the flow calibrator. Under normal circumstances, the accumulated sampling is checked for 168h. If the flow measurement error exceeds ±2% of the sampler's set flow rate, the sample flow rate should be calibrated. Sampling flow calibration method See Appendix B. 6.1.6 Filter inspection. The filter membrane should have a flat edge, uniform thickness, no burrs, no pollution, no pinholes or any damage. See Appendix C for organic filter inspection methods. 6.1.7 Air filter weighing before sampling. Balance the filter to constant weight according to Chapter 7, weigh and record the weighing conditions. And the quality of the filter, the weighed filter is placed in the filter storage box for use. 6.2 Sample Collection 6.2.1 Sampling environment 6.2.1.1 The height of the sampler inlet from the ground or sampling platform shall not be less than 1.5 m, and the cutter flow path shall be perpendicular to the ground. 6.2.1.2 When multiple samplers are sampled in parallel, if the sampling flow of the sampler is ≤200L/min, the distance between them is About 1m; if the sampling flow rate of the sampler is >200L/min, the distance between each other is (2~4)m. 6.2.1.3 If the PM2.5 concentration value of the transportation hub is determined, the sampling point shall be placed 1 m outside the edge of the sidewalk. 6.2.2 Sampling time 6.2.2.1 Determine the daily average concentration of PM2.5, and the daily sampling time should be no less than 20h. 6.2.2.2 The sampling time shall be such that the particulate matter loading on the filter membrane is not less than 100 times the calibration scale value of the weighing balance. E.g, When the weighing scale used for the weighing balance is 0.01 mg, the particle loading on the filter should be not less than 1 mg. 6.2.3 Sampling operation 6.2.3.1 When sampling, the numbered and weighed filter (6.1.7) is placed in a clean filter holder with a serrated tweezers. The matte side should face the direction of the intake. Firmly compress the filter. 6.2.3.2 Insert the filter clamp into the sampler correctly, set the sampling time and other parameters, and start the sampler sampling. 6.2.3.3 After the sampling is completed, remove the filter membrane with tweezers, place it in the filter storage box, record the sample volume and other information, and sample the sample. For a list, see Appendix D, Table D.1. 6.2.4 Sample storage After the sample collection is completed, the filter should be balanced and weighed as soon as possible; if the weighing cannot be balanced in time, the filter should be placed at 4 °C. Store in a closed and refrigerated storage, no longer than 30d.

7 Weighing

7.1 Weigh the filter in a constant temperature and humidity device for at least 24 hours. The equilibrium condition is. the temperature should be controlled at (15~) 30) Any point within the °C range, the temperature control accuracy is ±1 °C; the humidity should be controlled at (50 ± 5)% RH. Balance room temperature, humidity Conditions should be consistent with constant temperature and humidity equipment. The other environmental conditions of the balance chamber shall comply with the relevant requirements of the JJG 1036 standard. begging. 7.2 Record the equilibrium temperature and humidity of the constant temperature and humidity equipment, and ensure that the filter has the same balance conditions before and after sampling. 7.3 After the membrane is equilibrated, weigh the membrane with an analytical balance and record the quality and number of the membrane. See the appendix for the record. D Table D.2. 7.4 After the filter is weighed for the first time, weigh it again after 1 hour of equilibration under the same conditions. When using a large flow sampler, the same filter The difference between the two weighing weights of the membrane should be less than 0.4mg; when using the medium flow or small flow sampler, the same membrane is weighed twice. The difference between the amounts should be less than 0.04 mg; the average of the two weighing results is used as the filter weighing value. Weigh twice before and after the same filter If the difference is outside the above range, the filter is discarded.

8 Calculation and representation of results

8.1 Calculation of results The PM2.5 concentration is calculated according to formula (1). 100012 ×−= Wwρ (1) Where. ρ-------- PM2.5 concentration, μg/m3; W2--------The quality of the filter after sampling, mg; W1-------- mass of filter before sampling, mg; V---------Sampling volume in standard state, m3. 8.2 Results representation The PM2.5 concentration calculation results are retained to the integer number (unit. μg/m3). 8.3 Recording requirements The sampling and analysis personnel shall promptly and accurately record the sampling and analysis condition parameters, and the recorded contents shall be complete and the writing shall be clear. The writing is neat and the data is corrected.

9 Quality Assurance and Quality Control

9.1 Monitoring Instrument Management Establish a monitoring instrument management system, and the instruments and equipment used in the operation should be regularly verified, calibrated and maintained. Verification, calibration See Appendix E for maintenance intervals. 9.2 Quality control of the sampling process 9.2.1 When the filter is placed correctly and there is no air leakage in the sampling system, the boundary between the particles on the filter and the surrounding white edges should be clear after sampling. Clear; if there is a blurred boundary, it indicates that there is a leak, check whether the filter is installed correctly, or replace the filter gasket, Filter clamp. The filter sample was discarded. 9.2.2 When sampling, the exhaust of the sampler shall not affect the PM2.5 concentration measurement. 9.2.3 When placing and removing the filter into the sampler, wear laboratory gloves such as vinyl gloves, using non-serrated tweezers. 9.2.4 A blank filter membrane should be arranged during the sampling process. The blank filter membrane should be weighed and weighed together with the sampling membrane, and the phase should be recorded. Off data. The blank filter should be transported to the sampling site along with the sampling filter, without sampling and maintaining the same time as the sampling filter Return to the laboratory along with the sampled filter and weigh in accordance with Chapter 7. The difference between the two weighing masses before and after the blank filter should be It is much smaller than the particle load on the sampling filter, otherwise the batch sampling monitoring data is invalid. 9.2.5 If the power is cut during the sampling process and the accumulated sampling time does not meet the requirements, the sample is invalid. 9.2.6 During the sampling process, all factors related to the validity and representativeness of the sample, such as the sampler interfered or malfunctioned, abnormal gas Conditions such as conditions, abnormal construction activities, fires or sandstorms should be recorded in detail and reviewed according to quality control data. Determine the validity of the sampling process. 9.3 Weighing process quality control 9.3.1 Balance calibration quality control 9.3.1.1 Clean the weighing chamber of the analytical balance with a clean brush and use a one-time laboratory soaked with antistatic solution or propanol Clean the surface of the balance with a rag. Clean the non-metallic tweezers used for handling standard weights and filters before each weighing, ensuring All used hazelnuts are dry. 9.3.1.2 Prior to weighing, the baseline level of the analytical balance should be checked and adjusted as needed. To ensure stability, analysis days Ping should be in a state of long-term power supply. 9.3.1.3 The analytical balance shall be calibrated in accordance with the analytical balance operating procedures prior to each weighing. 9.3.1.4 Analytical balance calibration weights should be kept free of rust, weights need to be configured with two groups, one group as working standard, another group As a benchmark. 9.3.2 Filter weighing quality control 9.3.2.1 The filter should be numbered before weighing, but not directly on the filter; if directly using the numbered (coded) filter Membrane or a filter cartridge with a numbered logo must be unique and traceable. 9.3.2.2 Before weighing, first open the analytical balance screen door for at least 1 min, so that the analytical balance weighs the indoor temperature and humidity. Balance with the outside world. 9.3.2.3 When weighing, the static electricity influence should be eliminated and the operation time should be shortened as much as possible. 9.3.2.4 During the weighing process, the standard filter membrane shall be weighed simultaneously for quality control of weighing environmental conditions. (1) Preparation of standard filter. use a non-serrated tweezers to take a few blank filters and balance them in a constant temperature and humidity device for 24 hours. Weighing after weighing; each filter is not weighed more than 10 times, and the average value of 10 times of weighing of each filter is calculated as the filter. The original quality of the membrane, the above filter membrane is called "standard membrane", the 10 times weighing of the standard membrane should be completed within 30min, weighing See Table D.3 in Appendix D for records. (2) Use of standard filter. At the same time, weigh at least one “standard filter” for each batch of the sampling filter. Standard filter The weighing result of the membrane is within the range of ±5mg (large flow sampling) or ±0.5mg (medium flow and small flow sampling) of the original mass. Then the batch filter is weighed; otherwise, check whether the weighing conditions meet the requirements and reweigh the batch filter. 9.3.2.5 In order to avoid the influence of particulate matter in the air on the membrane weighing, the membrane should not be placed in air conditioning ducts, printers or often Balance adjustment is performed on airflow channels such as doorways that are opened and closed. The workbench and weighing area should be cleaned daily and in the doorway to the balance room. The “sticky” floor mat is installed at the entrance, and the weighing personnel should wear a clean lab coat to enter the weighing area. 9.3.2.6 The same analytical balance should be used for the weighing of the filter before and after sampling. The operating balance should be worn without powder, antistatic and no nitrate. Vinyl, phosphate, sulfate vinyl gloves.

Appendix A

(informative appendix) Air tightness inspection method A.1 Method 1. (1) Seal the sampler connection rod inlet. (2) Connect an embedded three-way valve before the air pump, and the other interface of the valve is connected to the negative pressure gauge. (3) Start the sampler air pump, extract the air, make the sampler in partial vacuum, and the negative pressure gauge shows (30±5) Any point of kPa. (4) Close the three-way valve and block the flow path of the air pump and the flow meter. Turn off the air pump. (5) Observe the pressure value of the negative pressure gauge, and the change within 30 s is less than or equal to 7 kPa. (6) Remove the embedded three-way valve and restore the sampler. A.2 Method 2. (1) Load a glass fiber filter in the sampler filter holder to tightly connect the flow calibrator and filter clamp (dry flow) The inlet port and the sampler inlet are connected, and the inlet is followed by the membrane, flow measurement and control components. (2) Set the sampling flow of the instrument, start the air pump, measure the actual flow of the instrument with the flow calibrator, and record the flow Measured value. (3) After the test is finished, load 3 sheets of glass fiber filter in the sample filter holder at the same time, and press (1) to connect the flow calibrator. And sampler. Set the sampling flow of the instrument, start the pump, measure the actual flow of the instrument with the flow calibrator, and record Record the flow value. (4) If the relative deviation of the measured flow values is less than ±2%, the airtightness check is passed. A.3 Method 3. (1) Remove the sampler sampling inlet and connect the standard flowmeter and resistance adjustment valve to the sampler through the flow measurement adapter. Connecting rod entrance. The resistance regulating valve remains fully open. (2) Set the sampling flow of the instrument and start the pump. After the instrument flow is stable, read the flow value of the standard flow meter. (3) Adjust the resistance with the resistance adjustment valve, so that the standard flow meter flow display value drops rapidly to 80% of the set working flow. right. Observe the flow display value of the instrument and the standard flow meter at the same time. If the final measurement value of the standard flow meter is stable (98%~ 102%) When the flow rate is set, the airtightness check is passed.

Appendix B

(informative appendix) Sampler flow check calibration method The sampler after the new purchase or repair should be calibrated before use; the sampler used normally will be used for 168h. A flow calibration is required. B.1 The operation steps are as follows. (1) Record the ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure using a thermometer and a barometer. (2) The flow calibrator is connected to the power supply, and the ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure are input after the power is turned on. (3) Place an empty filter in the sampler and connect the flow calibrator to the sampler sampling inlet to ensure that the connection is not leaking. gas. (4) Start the sampler air pump, and record the flow rate values of the flow calibrator and sampler separately after the sampling flow is stable. (5) Calculate the flow measurement error according to formula (B1). If the flow measurement error exceeds ±2%, sample the flow into the sampler. Line calibration. 0×−= SR Diff Q QQQ (B1) Where. Qdiff-------- flow measurement error, %; QR-------- flow calibrator measurement, L/min (m3/min); QS--------The sampler sets the flow value, L/min (m3/min). (6) After the flow calibration is completed, if the edge contour of the filter dust is not clear or the filter installation is skewed, etc. The quasi-process may leak and should be recalibrated. B.2 Flow calibration calculation instructions (1) Calculation formula for working condition flow and standard condition flow conversion (B2). PQQn × ××= 325.101 (B2) Where. Qn-------- standard flow, L/min (m3/min); Q-------- working condition flow, L/min (m3/min); P-------- ambient atmospheric pressure, kPa; T-------- ambient temperature, K. (2) Calculation formula for flow correction of orifice flowmeter (B3). aQby n ×= (B3) Where. y-------- orifice flowmeter correction item; A------- orifice meter correction intercept; B------- orifice flowmeter correction slope. (3) Calculation formula for pressure difference of orifice flowmeter (B4). 325.1012 ××=Δ TyH (B4) Where. ΔH-------- orifice flowmeter pressure difference, Pa.

Appendix C

(informative appendix) Organic filter requirements C.1 filter size Large flow sampling filter. rectangular, size (200 × 250) mm; Medium flow sampling filter. round, diameter (90 ± 0.25) mm; Small flow sampling filter. round, diameter (47 ± 0.25) mm. C.2 material Organic filter membranes such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, and mixed cellulose. C.3 Aperture and thickness The membrane pore size is 2 μm or less. Filter thickness. (0.2 ~ 0.25) mm. C.4 Maximum pressure drop of air filter At a clean air flow rate of 0.45 m/s, the pressure drop should be less than 3 kPa. C.5 Maximum moisture absorption (small flow sampling filter) The mass increase after exposure to humidity 40% RH air for 24 h and exposure to humidity 35% RH air for 24 h should be Not more than 10μg. C.6 filter weight stability (small flow sampling filter) Take 0.1% of the total number of filters in each batch (not less than 10 sheets), and weigh them after the laboratory balance is stable. Record the filter quality. Tested according to the operating methods of C.6.1 and C.6.2, respectively, the weight stability of the filter is the batch test The average value of the weight loss of the test membrane. C.6.1 Balance the weighing filter into the filter clamp, and freely drop the filter clamp from a height of 25cm to a flat hard surface (eg Repeat the above procedure 2 times if there is ...

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