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HJ 618-2011: Determination of atmospheric articles PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air by gravimetric method
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Determination of atmospheric articles PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air by gravimetric method
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HJ 618-2011
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Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 618-2011 (HJ618-2011) | | Description (Translated English) | Determination of atmospheric articles PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air by gravimetric method | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z50 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.040.20 | | Word Count Estimation | 10,154 | | Date of Issue | 2011-09-08 | | Date of Implementation | 2011-11-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 6921-1986 | | Quoted Standard | HJ/T 93; HJ/T 194 | | Regulation (derived from) | Department of Environmental Protection Notice No. 65 of 2011 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | | Summary | This standard specifies the determination of ambient air PM2. 5 and PM10 gravimetric method. This standard applies to the ambient air concentrations of PM10 and PM2. 5 measured by hand. The detection limit of this standard 0. 010mg/m (0. 1mg analytical balance with a sensitivity of sample loading was 1. 0mg, collected 108 m3 air sample). | HJ 618-2011: Determination of atmospheric articles PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air by gravimetric method
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Determination of atmospheric articles PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air by gravimetric method
National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic
Replace GB 6921-86
Determination of ambient air PM10 and PM2.5 gravimetric method
Determination of atmospheric articles PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air by
Gravimetric method
Published on.2011-09-08
2011-11-01 Implementation
Environmental Protection Department
Content
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions..1
4 Principle of the method 1
5 instruments and equipment..1
6 samples..2
7 Analysis step 2
8 Calculation and representation of results 2
9 Quality Control and Quality Assurance..3
Appendix A (informative) Sampler flow calibration method..4
Foreword
To implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution
This standard is formulated to ensure human health and to regulate the measurement methods of PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air.
This standard specifies the gravimetric method for determining PM2.5 and PM10 in ambient air.
This standard is a revision of the "Measurement Method for Atmospheric Airborne Dust Concentration" (GB 6921-86).
This standard was first published in 1986 and this is the first revision. The main contents of the revision are as follows.
- Change the fly ash to respirable particulate matter (PM10);
-- Added three chapters on normative references, terminology and definitions, quality control and quality assurance;
-- Added terms and definitions for PM10 and PM2.5;
-- Modified the PM10 sampler performance index, changing the cutting particle size Da50=(10±1)μm to Da50=(10±
0.5) μm; the geometric standard deviation σg ≤ 1.5 of the collection efficiency is changed to σg = (1.5 ± 0.1) μm. All performance indicators are required to comply with PM10
Provisions in the Technical Requirements and Test Methods for Samplers (HJ/T 93-2003);
-- Increased PM2.5 sampler performance index, cutting particle size Da50 = (2.5 ± 0.2) μm; geometric standard for capture efficiency
The difference is σg=(1.2±0.1)μm; other performance indicators are required to meet the “PM10 sampler technical requirements and detection methods” (HJ/T 93
-2003).
Since the implementation of this standard, the National Environmental Protection Agency approved and issued the national environmental protection on October 10, 1986.
The standard "method for measuring the concentration of atmospheric dust" (GB 6921-86) is abolished.
Appendix A of this standard is an informative annex.
This standard is revised by the Science and Technology Standards Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
This standard is mainly drafted by. China-Japan Friendship Environmental Protection Center, National Environmental Analysis and Testing Center.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on September 8,.2011.
This standard has been implemented since November 1,.2011.
This standard is explained by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Determination of ambient air PM10 and PM2.5 gravimetric method
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the gravimetric method for determining PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air.
This standard applies to the manual determination of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in ambient air.
The detection limit of this standard is 0.010 mg/m3 (analytical balance with a sensitivity of 0.1 mg, sample loading of 1.0 mg, collection of 108 m3)
Air sample meter).
2 Normative references
The contents of this standard refer to the following documents or their terms. For undated references, the valid version is appropriate.
Used in this standard.
HJ/T 93 PM10 sampler technical requirements and testing methods
HJ/T 194 Technical Specifications for Manual Air Quality Monitoring
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1 PM10
Particulate matter suspended in air with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10μm.
3.2 PM2.5
Particulate matter suspended in air with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm.
4 Principle of the method
Quantitative volumetric air is drawn at a constant rate through a sampler with certain cutting characteristics to make PM2.5 and ambient air
PM10 is trapped on a filter of known mass, and PM2.5 is calculated based on the difference in weight of the filter before and after sampling and the sample volume.
PM10 concentration.
5 Instruments and equipment
5.1 Cutter.
5.1.1 PM10 cutter and sampling system. the cutting particle size is Da50=(10±0.5)μm; the geometric standard deviation of the collection efficiency is σg=
(1.5 ± 0.1) μm. Other performance and technical indicators shall be in accordance with HJ/T 93-2003.
5.1.2 PM2.5 cutter and sampling system. the cutting particle size is Da50=(2.5±0.2)μm; the geometric standard deviation of the collection efficiency is σg=
(1.2 ± 0.1) μm. Other performance and technical indicators shall be in accordance with HJ/T 93-2003.
5.2 Sampler orifice flowmeter or other flowmeter that meets the requirements of this standard.
5.2.1 Large flow meter. range (0.8~1.4) m3/min; error ≤ 2%.
5.2.2 Medium flow flowmeter. range (60~125) L/min; error ≤ 2%.
5.2.3 Small flow flowmeter. range < 30 L/min; error ≤ 2%.
5.3 Filter membrane. According to the purpose of sample collection, inorganic filter membrane such as glass fiber membrane, quartz membrane or polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene may be used.
An organic filter such as a olefin or a mixed cellulose. The filtration membrane has a retention efficiency of not less than 99% for 0.3 μm standard particles. Blank filter by number
Chapter 7 Analytical Procedures Balance the treatment to constant weight, weigh it, and put it in a desiccator for later use.
5.4 Analytical balance. Sensitivity 0.1mg or 0.01mg.
5.5 Constant temperature and humidity chamber (chamber). The air temperature in the box (chamber) can be adjusted within the range of (15~30) °C, and the temperature control accuracy is ±1 °C.
The relative humidity of the air in the box (chamber) should be controlled at (50 ± 5)%. The constant temperature and humidity chamber (chamber) can work continuously.
5.6 Dryer. Internal color change silica gel.
6 samples
6.1 Sample Collection
6.1.1 The requirements of sampling environment and sampling frequency in ambient air monitoring shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of HJ/T 194. Sampling
The height of the entrance to the ground shall not be less than 1.5m. Sampling should not be carried out under weather conditions such as wind speeds greater than 8 m/s. Sampling point should be avoided
Open sources of pollution and obstacles. If the PM10 and PM2.5 are measured at the transportation hub, the sampling points should be placed outside the edge of the sidewalk.
1m.
6.1.2 When using the intermittent sampling method to measure the daily average concentration, the number of times should not be less than 4 times, and the cumulative sampling time should not be less than
18h.
6.1.3 When sampling, put the weighed filter (5.3) into the filter net in the clean sampling clamp with tweezers.
Gas direction. Firmly press the filter to airtightness. If any concentration is measured, the filter needs to be replaced each time;
At the concentration, the sample can be collected on a filter. After sampling, remove it with tweezers. Put the dust surface twice in half and put it into the sample
Box or paper bag, and make a sample record.
6.1.4 After weighing, the sample of the filter sample is weighed according to the analysis procedure in Chapter 7.
6.2 Sample storage
After the filter is collected, if it cannot be weighed immediately, it should be stored at 4 °C.
7 Analysis steps
The filter is placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (chamber) for 24 hours, and the equilibrium condition is. the temperature is taken at any point between 15 ° C and 30 ° C.
The relative humidity is controlled in the range of 45% to 55%, and the equilibrium temperature and humidity are recorded. Under the above equilibrium conditions, the sensitivity is 0.1 mg.
Or filter the 0.01 mg analytical balance and record the filter weight. The same filter is in the same condition in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (chamber)
Weighed again after 1 hour of equilibration. For PM10 and PM2.5 particulate sample filters, the difference between the two weights is less than 0.4mg or 0.04mg respectively.
To meet the constant weight requirements.
8 Calculation and representation of results
8.1 Calculation of results
The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations are calculated as follows.
100012 ×−=
Wwρ
Where. ρ --PM10 or PM2.5 concentration, mg/m3;
W2 -- the weight of the filter after sampling, g;
W1 -- the weight of the blank filter, g;
V -- The sample volume that has been converted to the standard state (101.325 kPa, 273 K), m3.
8.2 Results representation
The calculation result retains 3 significant digits. The number can be retained to the third digit after the decimal point.
9 Quality Control and Quality Assurance
9.1 The sampler needs to be calibrated before each use. The calibration method is performed in accordance with Appendix A.
9.2 The filter should be inspected before use, and there must be no pinholes or any defects. Eliminate the effects of static electricity when the filter is weighed.
9.3 Take a few clean filter membranes, balance in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (room), balance for 24 hours, and weigh. Each filter is discontinuous
Weigh more than 10 times and find the average value of each filter as the original mass of the filter. The above filter membrane was used as a "standard filter membrane".
Each time the membrane is weighed, two "standard membranes" are weighed. If the standard filter is weighed in the original mass ± 5mg (large flow)
Quantity), within the range of ±0.5mg (medium flow rate and small flow rate), it is considered that the batch of sample filter is qualified and the data is available. otherwise
The weighing conditions should be checked for compliance and the batch of sample filters re-weighed.
9.4 Always check the sampling head for leaks. When the filter is placed correctly and the sampling system is leak-free, the particles on the filter after sampling
The boundary between the object and the surrounding white edge should be clear. If the boundary is blurred, the filter seal should be replaced.
9.5 The sampler with brush on the motor should be replaced as much as possible before the motor stops working due to the brush, so as to avoid the use of the brush.
It failed. The replacement time is determined based on past conditions. Recalibrate the flow after replacing the brush. The sampler for the new replacement brush should be
After running for 1 h under load conditions, the flow calibration is performed after the brush and the commutator of the rotor are in good contact.
9.6 When the PM10 or PM2.5 content is very low, the sampling time should not be too short. For analysis with a sensitivity of 0.1mg and 0.01mg
For balances, the loading of particulates on the membrane should be greater than 1 mg and 0.1 mg, respectively, to reduce the weighing error.
9.7 Before and after sampling, the same analytical balance should be used for filter weighing.
Appendix A
(informative appendix)
Sampler flow calibration method
The newly purchased or repaired sampler should be calibrated before it is activated; the normal sampler should be used once a month.
Flow calibration. The steps for using a conventional orifice flow meter and an intelligent flow calibrator are as follows.
A1 orifice flowmeter
(1) Reading the ambient atmospheric pressure and the ambient temperature from the barometer and the thermometer respectively;
(2) Convert the sampler gas production flow rate into the standard state flow rate, and calculate the formula as follows.
TP
TPQQ
n ×
××=
Where. Qn - sampler flow in the standard state, m3/min;
Q -- sampler gas production flow, m3/min;
P1 - ambient atmospheric pressure during flow calibration, kPa;
Tn - absolute temperature under standard conditions, 273K;
T1 - ambient temperature during flow calibration, K;
Pn - atmospheric pressure in the standard state, 101.325 kPa.
(3) Substituting the calculated flow rate Qn in the standard state into the following equation, and finding the correction term y.
aQby n ×=
The slope b and the intercept a are given by the calibration department of the orifice flow meter.
(4) Calculate the orifice flowmeter pressure difference ΔH (Pa).
TP
TPyH ×
××=Δ
(5) Open the sampling cap of the sampling head, put a clean sampling filter according to the normal sampling position, and put a large flow orifice flowmeter
The orifice is sealed to the sampling head. The U-type differential pressure gauge is connected to the pressure port of the orifice.
(6) Turn on the power, turn on the sampler, and adjust the flow of the sampler after the normal operation, so that the pressure difference between the orifice flowmeters is up.
Calculate ΔH and fill in the following record form.
Table A-1 Sampler Flow Calibration Record
Calibration date sampler number
Sampler
Gas production flow [Note]
Orifice flow
Meter number
Ambient temperature
T1(K)
surroundings
Atmospheric pressure
P1 (kPa)
Orifice pressure difference
Calculated
ΔH(Pa)
Calibrator
Note. The flow rate of the large flow sampler is m3/min, and the flow unit of the medium and small flow samplers is L/min.
A2 intelligent flow calibrator
A2.1 Working principle. The pressure at the orifice of the orifice is connected to the calibrator by the silicone tube and passed to the micro differential pressure sensor. micro-
The differential pressure sensor outputs a pressure electric signal, and after being amplified, the analog voltage is converted into a digital signal by an A/D converter. Single piece
After the machine calculates the processing, the flow value is displayed.
A2.2 Operation steps.
(1) Reading the ambient atmospheric pressure and the ambient temperature from the barometer and the thermometer respectively;
(2) Connect the intelligent orifice flow calibrator to the power supply, enter the setup menu after power on, input the ambient temperature and pressure value (temperature
The value unit is absolute temperature, ie temperature = ambient temperature 273; atmospheric pressure value is kPa), exit after confirmation;
(3) Select the working mode of the appropriate flow range, and enter the measurement menu after the instrument is turned on for more than 2 minutes;
(4) Open the sampling cover of the sampler, put a clean sampling filter according to the normal sampling position, and put the intelligent flow calibrator
The orifice is sealed with the sampling head. After the battery symbol appears in the upper right corner of the LCD screen, the "-" nozzle and the orifice of the instrument are pressed.
After the mouth is connected, press the measurement button, the LCD will display the instantaneous flow rate of the working condition and the instantaneous flow rate of the standard condition. End measurement mode after 10 times
, the instrument displays the average value during this period;
(5) Adjust the sampler flow to the set value.
When calibrating the flow using the above two methods, ensure that the air circuit is sealed. After the flow is calibrated, if the filter is found to be dusty
Unclear edge contours or skewed filter installations indicate potential air leaks and should be recalibrated. Calibrated
The sampler can be used for sampling and the regulator status must not be changed.
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