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HJ 194-2017 English PDF

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HJ 194-2017: Technical specifications on manual methods for ambient air quality monitoring
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HJ 194: Evolution and historical versions

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HJ 194-2017English659 Add to Cart 5 days [Need to translate] Technical specifications on manual methods for ambient air quality monitoring Valid HJ 194-2017
HJ/T 194-2005English759 Add to Cart 4 days [Need to translate] Manual methods for ambient air quality monitoring Obsolete HJ/T 194-2005

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Standard similar to HJ 194-2017

GB 3095   GB 3838   GB 3097   HJ 338   HJ 610   HJ 192   

Basic data

Standard ID HJ 194-2017 (HJ194-2017)
Description (Translated English) Technical specifications on manual methods for ambient air quality monitoring
Sector / Industry Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard Z50
Word Count Estimation 27,270
Date of Issue 2017-12-29
Date of Implementation 2018-04-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard) HJ/T 194-2005
Regulation (derived from) Ministry of Environmental Protection Bulletin 2017 No. 86
Issuing agency(ies) Ministry of Ecology and Environment

HJ 194-2017: Technical specifications on manual methods for ambient air quality monitoring

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
People's Republic of China national environmental protection standards Replacing HJ/T 194-2005 Ambient air quality manual monitoring technical specifications Technical specifications on manual methods for ambient air quality monitoring 2017-12-29 Posted 2018-04-01 implementation Ministry of Environmental Protection released Directory Foreword .ii 1 scope of application .1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 o'clock layout .2 5 sampling time and frequency .3 6 sample collection, transportation and preservation .3 7 Monitoring and Analysis Methods 12 8 Data Processing ..12 9 Quality Assurance and Quality Control 13 Appendix A (Normative) Absorption tube (bottle) resistance determination Appendix B (Normative) Absorption tube (bottle) absorption efficiency test .17 Appendix C (Normative) Gas sampler sampling flow calibration - soap membrane flowmeter method 18 Appendix D (Informative) Commonly used sampling record of pollutants.21 Appendix E (Informative) Environmental pollutants in the air monitoring standard list 22

Foreword

In order to implement the Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, Test system, improve the level of environmental management, the development of this standard. This standard specifies the ambient air quality manual monitoring point layout, sampling time and frequency, sample collection, transportation And preservation, monitoring and analysis methods, data processing, quality assurance and quality control and other technical requirements. This standard is the "ambient air quality manual monitoring technical specifications" (HJ/T 194-2005) amendment. The original standard was first released on November 9,.2005, the original standard drafting unit for the China Environmental Monitoring Station, Hubei Province ring Habitat Monitoring Center Station, Hunan Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center Station. This is the first revision. The main contents of the revision are as follows. - revised the scope of application, terms and definitions. - Added point layout, sample transport and preservation and data processing. - Complement the sampling, monitoring and analysis methods, quality assurance and quality control. - Added Appendix D, Appendix E. Since the implementation of this standard, "Manual Air Quality Monitoring Technical Specifications" (HJ/T 194-2005) abolished. This standard Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C normative appendix, Appendix D and Appendix E is an informative annex. This standard is revised by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Environmental Monitoring Department and Science and Technology Standards Division. This standard was drafted. China Environmental Monitoring Station, Ningbo City Environmental Monitoring Center, Hubei Province Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Shenyang City Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Hunan Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center Station. This standard MEP approved on December 29,.2017. This standard since April 1,.2018 come into operation. This standard is interpreted by the MEP. Ambient air quality manual monitoring technical specifications

1 scope of application

This standard specifies the ambient air quality manual monitoring point layout, sampling time and frequency, sample collection, sample Transport and preservation, data processing, quality assurance and quality control and other technical requirements apply to the use of manual methods of environmental air Gas quality monitoring activities.

2 Normative references

This standard references the following documents in the terms. For dated references, the effective version applies to this edition standard. GB 3095 ambient air quality standards GB/T 4883 statistical data processing and interpretation of normal sample outliers to determine and deal with GB/T 8170 rounded repair rules and limit values of the representation and judgment GB/T 14675 air quality malodor three points comparison Odor bag method GB/T 15265 Determination of dust in ambient air Gravimetric method Ambient air - Determination of total suspended particulates - Gravimetric method HJ 93 Ambient Air Particulate (PM10 and PM2.5) Sampler Technical Requirements and Test Methods Ambient air - Determination of fluoride - Lime filter paper - Fluoride ion selective electrode method HJ 618 Ambient air - Determination of PM10 and PM2.5 Gravimetric method HJ 630 Environmental Monitoring Quality Management Technical Guidelines HJ 656 Ambient Air Particulates (PM2.5) Manual Monitoring Method (Gravimetric) Technical Specifications HJ 663 Technical Specifications of Ambient Air Quality Evaluation (Trial) HJ 664 Technical Specifications for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Sites (Trial Implementation) HJ 691 Environmental airborne semi-volatile organic compounds sampling techniques HJ 759 Ambient air - Determination of volatile organic compounds - Tank sampling/Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry HJ/T 374 total suspended particulate sampler technical requirements and testing methods HJ/T 375 ambient air sampler technical requirements and testing methods HJ/T 376 24-hour constant temperature automatic continuous ambient air sampler technical requirements and test methods

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 Manual air quality monitoring Refers to the monitoring point with the sampling device to collect ambient air samples for a certain period of time, the collected samples in the laboratory sub Analysis, processing process. 3.2 Solution absorption sampling method Refers to the use of the measured components of the air can be quickly dissolved in the absorption solution or the absorption of liquid chemical reaction with the principle of rapid, Sampling methods for collecting gaseous pollutants in ambient air. 3.3 Adsorption tube sampling method Refers to the use of air by the measured components by adsorption, dissolution or chemical reaction is blocked on the solid adsorbent role Sampling and collection of gaseous pollutants in ambient air. 3.4 Filter sampling method Refers to the use of different materials filter to collect airborne target pollutants sampling method. 3.5 Filter-sorbent sampling method Refers to the filter and adsorbent used in conjunction, while collecting ambient air to the coexistence of gaseous and particulate matter of the mining Kind of method. 3.6 Direct sampling Means the sampling of air samples collected directly in a suitable gas collector. 3.7 Passive Sampling Refers to the sampling device or gas sample capture medium exposed to ambient air, without pumping power, relying on ambient air To be tested for the natural diffusion of pollutants molecules, migration, sedimentation and other direct collection of pollutants sampling method. 3.8 Standard state standard state Refers to the temperature of 273.15 K, the pressure of 101.325 kPa when the state. The standard concentration of pollutants are standard State of concentration. 4 o'clock layout 4.1 The basic principle Sampling points should be based on the purpose of monitoring tasks, laying the layout, if necessary, after the site survey confirmed. Selected points Should have a good representation, the monitoring data can objectively reflect the level of air quality within a certain space or air pollution measured Dye concentration level. The layout and number of monitoring points should meet the monitoring purposes and mission requirements, in accordance with HJ 664 related Request execution 4.2 monitoring points laying technical requirements 4.2.1 Monitoring points should be located in a relatively safe, convenient transportation, power and fire protection measures are guaranteed. 4.2.2 monitoring point sampling port should be around the horizontal plane to ensure that there is more than 270 ° of capture space, there should be no impeding the flow of air Tall buildings, trees or other obstructions; if the side of the sampling port is close to the building, the water level around the sampling port should be 180º Above the free space. The horizontal distance from the sampling port to the highest obstacle nearby should be the height of the obstacle and the sampling port More than twice the difference or less than 30 ° from the sampling port to the top of the building. 4.2.3 Sampling interval The height of the ground is within the range of 1.5 m to 15 m and 1 m above the surface of the support. There are special monitoring to be Time, should be adjusted according to the purpose of monitoring. 4.2.4 sampling points laid out other technical requirements in accordance with HJ 664 implementation.

5 sampling time and frequency

5.1 General requirements Ambient air of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), total suspended particulate matter (TSP), respirable particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5) Lead (Pb), benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) and other pollutants sampling time and sampling frequency, according to the concentration of pollutants in GB 3095 The requirements of the data validity requirements are determined. Other pollutants may be implemented by reference, or according to the monitoring purpose, the concentration of pollutants Level and monitoring analysis of the detection limit and other factors identified. 5.2 hours concentration of intermittent sampling frequency When obtaining the hourly average concentration of ambient air pollutants, if the concentration of pollutants is too high, or by direct sampling Set instantaneous samples, should be within 1 h at regular intervals to collect 3 to 4 samples. 5.3 Passive sampling time and frequency Passive sampling time and sampling frequency of pollutants should be based on monitoring the ambient air concentration of pollutants in the water Flat, detection limits of detection methods and monitoring purposes. Monitoring results can be representative of a period of time to be measured ambient air pollution Time-weighted average concentration of the dye or concentration trend. Usually, the rate of sulfation and fluoride (long-term) sampling Time is 7 ~ 30 d; but to obtain the monthly average concentration, the sample sampling time should not be less than 15 d. Dust sampling time is (30 ± 2) d. 6 sample collection, transportation and preservation 6.1 solution absorption sampling method 6.1.1 applicable project Solution absorption sampling method for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone and other gaseous pollutants set. 6.1.2 Sampling System Sampling system mainly by the sampling pipeline, samplers, absorbing devices and other components. Sampler components of the technology See HJ/T 375 and HJ/T 376. Common absorption devices are mainly bubble absorption tube (bottle), porous glass absorption tube (Bottle) and the impact of the absorption tube (bottle), the structure shown in Figure 1, absorption device technical requirements according to the relevant monitoring methods Quasi provisions of the implementation. Solution absorption method of sampling lines available stainless steel, glass and PTFE and other materials, collecting the oxidation Avoid using metal sampling tubes with acid gases. Figure 1 common absorption tube (bottle) structure diagram 6.1.3 Sampling preparation 6.1.3.1 Check the sampling pipeline is clean, if unclean should be cleaned or replaced. 6.1.3.2 Select the appropriate absorption tube (bottle), into the appropriate absorption solution, the specific requirements of the relevant monitoring methods standard set. Absorption tube (bottle) resistance measurement and absorption efficiency test in Appendix A and Appendix B. 6.1.3.3 For gas-tightness check. Connect the absorber tube (bottle) and the necessary pre-treatment device to the gas sampling line, Open the instrument, adjust the flow to the specified value, close the suction tube (bottle) inlet, absorption tube (bottle) should not take bubbles, mining The flow meter of the sample instrument should not have flow display, or according to the relevant requirements of HJ/T 375. 6.1.3.4 Sampling before and after the test with a certified standard flowmeter sampling system to check the flow, flow error should be less than 5%, sample flow calibration see Appendix C. Observation of constant current device, instrument temperature control device, sampler pressure sensor, timer Is it normal? 6.1.4 Sampling 6.1.4.1 Arrival at the sampling site, observe and record meteorological parameters and weather conditions. 6.1.4.2 Correct connection of sampling system, good sample identification. Note that the suction tube (bottle) of the intake direction do not reverse, anti Stop smoking. Sampling process has dark, temperature control and other requirements of the project should be in accordance with the requirements of the relevant monitoring methods and standards. 6.1.4.3 Set the sampling time, adjust the flow rate to the specified value and collect the sample. 6.1.4.4 Sampling process, the sampling staff should observe the fluctuations of the sampling flow and absorption liquid changes, when abnormalities occur Stop sampling, find out why. 6.1.4.5 Sampling process should be recorded in time sampling start and stop, flow, and temperature, pressure and other parameters, record content Should be complete and standardized. Please refer to Appendix D for the content and format of sample records. 6.1.5 Sample Transport and Storage 6.1.5.1 After the sample collection is completed, the sample should be sealed and placed in the sample box. After the sample box is sealed again, the sample box should be sent to the experiment as soon as possible Room analysis, and make sample handover records. 6.1.5.2 Samples shall be protected from impact or violent vibration during transport. 6.1.5.3 Samples should be transported and stored in direct sunlight. Samples that require cryogenic storage should be taken during shipping Corresponding refrigeration measures to prevent deterioration of the sample. 6.1.5.4 Sample arrival laboratory should be promptly transferred to analyze as soon as possible. If it can not be measured in time, it should be monitored by each item France standards require proper preservation and analysis of the sample is completed within the validity period. 6.2 pipette sampling method 6.2.1 applicable project Adsorption tube sampling method for mercury, volatile organic compounds such as gaseous sample collection. 6.2.2 Sampling system Sampling system mainly consists of sampling pipelines, samplers, adsorption tubes and other components. Adsorption tube is equipped with various types of adsorbent Ordinary glass tube, quartz tube or stainless steel tube, etc., the type of adsorbent, particle size, filling method, filling volume and pipe size Must comply with the relevant monitoring method standard requirements. Common solid adsorbents are activated carbon, silica gel and organic polymers and other adsorbent material. Common adsorption tube structure shown in Figure 2, Figure 3. 1-glass wool; 2-activated carbon; A-100 mg activated carbon; B-50 mg activated carbon Figure 2 activated carbon adsorption tube 1- stainless steel mesh/filter; 2- spring; A- solid adsorbent Figure 3 polymer material adsorption tube 6.2.3 Sampling preparation 6.2.3.1 Check whether the selected sampling device is operating normally. 6.2.3.2 According to the monitoring method standard preparation of the corresponding adsorption tube, sealed at both ends. 6.2.3.3 Adsorption tube before use should be proportional to a certain number of blank and adsorption/desorption (desorption) efficiency test, The results should be consistent with the standard requirements of the project monitoring methods; new purchase and collection of high concentrations of samples after the thermal desorption tube need to be used Ageing. 6.2.3.4 Tightness check, select the same specifications and sampling pipette, according to the sampling requirements correctly connected to the sampling device On, open the sampling pump, block the intake end of the adsorption tube, flowmeter flow should be zero, or should check the sampling system leak. 6.2.3.5 Sampling before and after the test with a certified standard flowmeter sampling system to check the flow, flow error should be less than 5%, sample flow calibration see Appendix C. 6.2.4 Sampling 6.2.4.1 Arrival at the sampling site, observe and record meteorological parameters and weather conditions. 6.2.4.2 Correctly connect the sampling system and make sample identification. Note that the suction tube suction direction can not be reversed, segmented filling The sorbent tube 2/3 filler section is the inlet end. Adsorption tube inlet end should be consistent with the provisions of the monitoring method standards, placed vertically And fixed. 6.2.4.3 Set the sampling time, adjust the flow to the specified requirements, collect samples. Sampling process, the absorption temperature control System requirements, the need to take appropriate measures. 6.2.4.4 Sampling process should be timely record of sampling start and end time, flow, and temperature, pressure and other parameters, record content Should be complete and standardized. Please refer to Appendix D for the content and format of sample records. 6.2.5 Sample Transport and Storage See 6.1.5, other requirements according to the project monitoring methods and standards. 6.3 filter sampling method 6.3.1 applicable project Membrane sampling method for the total suspended particulate matter, respirable particulate matter, fine particulate matter and other atmospheric particulate matter concentration monitoring Testing and composition analysis, as well as the particulate matter in heavy metals, benzo [a] pyrene, fluoride (hours and daily average concentration) and other pollutants Sample Collection. 6.3.2 Sampling System Sampling system by the particle cutter, filter folder, flow measurement and control components, sampling pump, temperature and humidity sensors, pressure Force sensors and microprocessors and other components. Total suspended particulate sampling system performance and technical indicators should meet the HJ/T 374 requirements, inhalable particles and fine particles Particle sampler performance and technical indicators should be consistent with the provisions of HJ 93. 6.3.3 Sampling Preparation 6.3.3.1 Cleaning particulate cleaners, wipe with soft material. In case of special weather during sampling, such as sand, Sandstorm weather or severe pollution process should be promptly cleaned. Sampling period longer than 7 d, also need regular cleaning. 6.3.3.2 If the cutter removal requirements for large particles (such as the need to apply Vaseline or grease), sampling staff should be strict Follow the instructions of the instrument 6.3.3.3 The use of qualified thermometers on the sampler temperature measurement indication to be checked, when the error exceeds ± 2 ℃ The sampler should be temperature calibrated. 6.3.3.4 Use qualified barometer pressure sampler sampler check, when the error exceeds ± 1 kPa, The sampler should be pressure calibrated. 6.3.3.5 Use a certified standard flow meter on the sampler flow check, when the flow indication error exceeds the sample Flow rate 2%, the sampler should be flow calibration. 6.3.3.6 for sampling system tightness inspection. 6.3.3.7 If the instrumentation used in the instrument on the ambient temperature, pressure, sampling flow and other calibration methods and sequences of special Do not require, according to the instructions of the instrument calibration. 6.3.3.8 Sampling filter material, background, uniformity, stability should be consistent with the project monitoring methods adopted standard requirements. Such as A pre-treatment needs, then according to the monitoring method standard sample filter pretreatment. Check the filter before use Edge is smooth, thin thickness is uniform, and no burr, no pollution, no debris, no pinhole, no crease, no damage. 6.3.3.9 before sampling to ensure that the filter clip pollution-free, non-destructive. 6.3.3.10 Filter balance and weighing record sheet, standard film weighing record sheet See HJ 656 Table D.2, Table D.3. 6.3.3.11 Before and after sampling, check the flow of the sampling system with a certified standard flowmeter, the flow error should be less than 5%. 6.3.4 Sampling 6.3.4.1 Upon arrival at the sampling site, observe and record meteorological parameters and weather conditions. 6.3.4.2 Correct connection of sampling system, check the filter number, tweezers will be placed on the membrane filter membrane filter support network and Compression, membrane hair surface or numbered logo facing the intake direction, the filter folder correctly into the sampler; set the sampling start time, End time and other parameters, start the sampler for sampling. 6.3.4.3 After sampling, remove the filter holder, gently tighten the edge of the filter with tweezers and remove the sample filter Xu should try to complete the installation of the film indoors, take the film operation), and check whether the filter membrane rupture or dust on the edge of the edge profile Is clear and complete, otherwise the sample is invalid, need resampling. Sample analysis of the entire membrane can be flat or in-plane filter pair Fold, into the numbered filter box (bag) sealed; non-membrane analysis of the sample filter can not be folded, to be flat on the filter box in. Record sampling start and stop time, sample flow, and temperature, pressure and other parameters. Sampling record content and format see attached Record D. 6.3.5 Sample Transport and Storage 6.3.5.1 Immediately after sample collection, pack the box (sachet) and send it to the laboratory for analysis as soon as possible and record the transfer. 6.3.5.2 During sample transportation, severe vibration should be avoided. For the filter to be placed flat, keep the filter surface upward. 6.3.5.3 samples that need to be stored at low temperature should be stored in the transport process to prevent the loss of samples. 6.3.5.4 Sample arrival laboratory should be promptly handed over as soon as possible. If not timely weighing and analysis, the sample should be placed 4 ℃ under the conditions of refrigeration storage, and monitoring methods in the standard time required to complete the weighing and analysis of the organic components of the analysis Filter, after the collection should be in accordance with the requirements of monitoring methods to preserve the sample before treatment, in order to prevent the loss of organic matter should not Weighing. 6.4 filter - adsorbent sampling method 6.4.1 applicable project Filter - adsorbent combination of sampling method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other semi-volatile organic sample collection. 6.4.2 Sampling System On the basis of 6.3.2, add a gaseous pollutant trapping device, which mainly includes a sampling cartridge filled with adsorbent, a sampling cartridge Racks and seals and so on. Sampling system performance and specifications should be consistent with the provisions of HJ 691. 6.4.3 Sampling preparation 6.4.3.1 Adsorbent material, background, uniformity, stability, sampling efficiency, etc. should be consistent with the appropriate monitoring methods Standard requirements, if necessary, by the monitoring method standard pre-treatment requirements. 6.4.3.2 Sampling cylinder preparation See HJ 691, sampling cylinder frame and sealing ring should ensure that no pollution, no damage. 6.4.3.3 According to the monitoring method standard requirements adsorbent placed in the sampling cylinder, sampling cylinder wrapped with clean aluminum foil spare. 6.4.3.4 filter before use should be based on monitoring methods require high temperature burning and other pre-treatment, other requirements, see 6.3.3. 6.4.4 Sampling 6.4.4.1 Place the sampling cartridge into the sampling cartridge holder of the sampler according to the instruction manual of the instrument, and ensure that the sealing ring is correctly installed. 6.4.4.2 After sampling, the sampling cylinder removed from the sampling cylinder, wrapped with clean aluminum foil, into the sample preservation Tube, sealed, labeled. 6.4.4.3 Other requirements See 6.3.4 and HJ 691. 6.4.5 Sample Transport and Storage See 6.2.5 and 6.3.5. 6.5 direct sampling method 6.5.1 applicable project Direct sampling method for carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, total hydrocarbons and other pollutants sample collection, commonly used i...

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