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HJ 555-2010: Technical guideline on environmental safety application of chemical fertilizer
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Technical guideline on environmental safety application of chemical fertilizer
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HJ 555-2010
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Standard similar to HJ 555-2010 SN/T 0736.1 NY/T 1972 NY/T 1971 Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 555-2010 (HJ555-2010) | | Description (Translated English) | Technical guideline on environmental safety application of chemical fertilizer | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | G20 | | Classification of International Standard | 65.080 | | Word Count Estimation | 9,986 | | Date of Issue | 2010-03-08 | | Date of Implementation | 2010-05-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | Department of Environmental Protection Notice No. 28 of 2010 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | | Summary | This standard specifies the use of chemical fertilizers environmental safety principles, control measures and management measures and other related content. This standard applies to guide the safe use of the environment farming fertilizer supervision and management, but also can be used as crop production, agricultural technology sector guidance scientific basis for fertilization. | HJ 555-2010: Technical guideline on environmental safety application of chemical fertilizer---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Technical guideline on environmental safety application of chemical fertilizer
People's Republic of China National Environmental Protection Standards
Issued on.2010-03-08
2010-05-01 implementation
Issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection
People's Republic of China Ministry of Environmental Protection
announcement
2010, No. 28
To implement the "People's Republic of China Environmental Protection Law", protect the environment, strengthen the agricultural non-point source pollution control, protection of human health, is granted
Quasi "environmentally safe fertilizer use Technical Guidelines" as national environmental standards, and to publish.
Standard name, numbered as follows.
The standard since May 1, 2010 implementation, published by the China Environmental Science Press, standard content in website of the Ministry of Environmental Protection
Special announcement.
March 5, 2010
Table of Contents
Preface ..iv
1. Scope ..1
2 Terms and definitions .1
3 fertilizer use environmental safety principles ..2
4 Source Control measures .2
5 measures to reduce the loss of fertilizer 3
6 fertilizer Environmental Safety Management Measures 4
Foreword
To implement the "People's Republic of China Environmental Protection Law", "People's Republic of China Air Pollution Prevention Law" and "Water People's Republic of China
Pollution Prevention Act "to prevent or reduce the use of chemical fertilizers adverse environmental impacts, protect the ecological environment, the development of this standard.
This standard specifies the principles of environmentally safe use of fertilizers, technical measures for pollution control and management measures and other related content.
This standard is the first release.
This standard is developed by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Science, Technology organization.
This standard is mainly drafted by. Environmental Protection Department of the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences.
This standard is approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection March 8, 2010.
This standard since May 1, 2010 implementation.
The standard explanation by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Fertilizer use environmentally safe technology Guide
1 Scope
This standard specifies the principles of environmentally safe fertilizer use, control measures and management measures and other related content.
This standard applies to the supervision and management of environmental safety guidance farming fertilizer use, but also as an agricultural crop production guidance technology sector Branch
Studies based fertilization.
2 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
2.1
Fertilizer fertilizer
Direct or indirect supply of crop nutrients, improve soil characteristics, in order to improve crop yield and quality of the material. Generally divided into organic fertilizer, no
Organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer three categories.
2.2
Organic fertilizer organic manure
Refers mainly from plants and (or) animals, applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition and soil physical and chemical properties of its main functions containing
Carbon materials.
2.3
Fertilizer chemical fertilizer
Chemical fertilizers referred to, also known as inorganic fertilizers. It refers to the minerals, air, water as raw material, through chemical fertilizers and machined steel. Have
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements fertilizer, containing only nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, one of the three elements is called a single fertilizers, and containing two or three of
Called composite (mixed) fertilizer.
2.4
Fertilizer nitrogenous fertilizer
To provide plant nutrients nitrogen as its main effect of single fertilizers. The main varieties are urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride,
Ammonium, ammonia and liquid ammonia.
2.5
Phosphate phosphorous fertilizer
To provide its main plant nutrients phosphorus efficacy of single fertilizers. The main varieties of phosphate rock, superphosphate (including ordinary superphosphate and
Two kinds of triple superphosphate), calcium magnesium phosphate slag phosphate fertilizer.
2.6
Potash potash fertilizer
To provide nutrients for the main effect of plant potassium elemental fertilizer. The main varieties are potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and the like.
2.7
Composite (mixed) fertilizer complex (compound) fertilizer
It refers to chemically synthesized or mixed into fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the two kinds or more nutritious elements.
2.8
Trace element fertilizer microelement fertilizer
Those containing one or more plant growth are necessary, but very little fertilizer and nutrient requirements, such as Boron, manganese fertilizer and Zn,
Copper fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer.
2.9
Slow-release fertilizer slowly-available fertilizer
Over a period of time can slow release fertilizer nutrients for plant uptake and utilization of.
2.10
Basal basal fertilizer
Before sowing or before transplanting into the soil fertilizer.
2.11
Additional fertilizer top dressing
During the growing process of applying fertilizer.
2.12
Urease inhibitor urease inhibitor
That certain can inhibit urease activity, delaying the hydrolysis of urea to reduce ammonia nitrogen volatilization loss of substance.
2.13
Nitrification inhibitor nitrification inhibitor
That certain bacteria can inhibit nitrification activity, slow down the conversion of ammonium to nitrate, thereby reducing the nitrogen to nitrate leaching losses were state
quality.
2.14
Fertilization fomula fertilization
Comprehensive use of modern agricultural science and technology achievements, according to the laws of crop fertilizer, fertilizer for the soil properties and fertilizer effect, have put forward before the crop planting
Manure, a reasonable ratio of NPK fertilizer and a variety of fertilizer, the amount and the corresponding application technique.
3 fertilizer Environmental Safety Principles
3.1 Under the premise of protecting agricultural production, conserve resources, improve the utilization of fertilizers.
3.2 consider the climate characteristics in different regions, cropping systems, environmental carrying capacity and environmental quality requirements, determine fertilizer varieties, dosage and Shi
Method.
3.3 Analysis of fertilizer varieties of different characteristics, and the way the loss factors by adjusting factors can be artificially controlled, from the source,
Field management, the end of the three aspects of control interception loss fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution risks.
4 Source Control Measures
4.1 product choice
4.1.1 for fertilizer based on soil properties, crop nutritional characteristics, fertilizer characteristics and ecological characteristics, reasonable choice of fertilizer varieties.
4.1.2 soil more prone to leakage, minimize the use of prone to runoff, likely to be volatile and risky environment fertilizer,
Not to use nitrate fertilizer, suitable for use ammonium nitrogen fertilizer.
4.1.3 If the soil is warm and humid, it is desirable to use slow-release fertilizers.
4.1.4 appropriate to increase the proportion of organic fertilizer use, promote fertilization, administered compound (mixed) fertilizers, slow-release fertilizer.
4.2 fertilizer use control
4.2.1 Considering the type of crop, yield goals, soil nutrient status, nutrient inputs other way, the degree of environmental sensitivity, determine Shi
The amount of fertilizer.
4.2.2 Through soil testing, soil nutrient supply of the understanding of the situation, in combination with other nutrients input conditions, such as irrigation methods, organic fertilizer
Administration, health seed material (some seed coating containing fertilizers), etc., to determine the amount of fertilizer to use. At higher soil nutrient content should be less fertilizer;
When organic fertilizer, should be appropriate to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer.
In addition to the presence of nutrients limiting factors (such as water) 4.2.3 Agricultural production, it should be less fertilizer.
4.2.4 in the following areas should be applied as little as possible or no fertilizer. Land near drinking water source protection areas; development in the lime pits and caves solution
Strong soil leaching;; there is a thin layer of limestone soil runoff area prone areas; soil erosion affected areas; high water table
Area.
4.3 fertilizer application methods
4.3.1 fertilizer applied as far as possible in the crop root absorption zone, in order to improve fertilizer efficiency, reduce losses. But the leakage stronger soil, nitrogen
Fat deep application has increased the possibility of leaching, should not be used.
4.3.2 using split application, avoid a lot of fertilizer, so as to avoid serious leakage loss. Once as the principle of Fertilizer Phosphate; nitrogen
Fat absorption of fat should be in proportion to the law to determine the logistics of soil fertility and crop, to be precise logistics, basal and top dressing combination; potash due to soil as a result of
It was administered, the demand for large crops to be graded administration.
4.3.3 Manpower in a rotation cycle of fertilization. In a rotation system, the focus of fertilizer phosphorus applied on sensitive crops, the use of other crops
Thereafter effect. As floods, droughts and crop rotation, the fertilizer applied focus on rainfed; in wheat - corn rotation, the focus of fertilizer applied on wheat; in Wo
Undergraduate - legume crop rotation, fertilizer applied focus on legumes.
4.3.4 Try fertilizer in the spring, summer and autumn (rainy season) is added a small amount of fertilizer to reduce fertilizer runoff with loss and cause drainage
Fertilizer leakage.
4.3.5 Nitrogen should be applied in the crop focus absorption peak. In summer urea application, if the conditions can be applied on urease inhibitor, to delay
Hydrolysis of urea, ammonia volatilization; if using ammonium nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in small portions to the principle, if the conditions can be applied on nitrification inhibitor,
Inhibition of nitrification of nitrate.
5 measures to reduce the loss of fertilizer
5.1 using reasonable farming methods. In steep areas prone to fertilizer runoff loss should be taken of conservation tillage (no-till farming or less)
To reduce soil disturbance, but also the loss of the use of straw to reduce runoff. In a major leakage of chemical fertilizer wastage plains, can
Take soil tillage destroy large pores, or controlled drainage conserve soil moisture, prevent soil particles and dried produce large pores cause leakage.
5.2 appropriate irrigation method. Dry promoting the use of drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and other advanced ways to minimize flood irrigation; paddy field
To strengthen the field of water management, agricultural water to minimize emissions.
5.3 Use of appropriate crop rotation system. Suitable rotation system can improve the utilization of fertilizers and reduce wastage. Such as legumes and other crops
Crop rotation, can save the amount of fertilizer; deep-rooted crops and shallow-rooted crop rotation can make full use of soil nutrients.
5.4 Conditional field area available channels, ponds and ditches near farmland and other temporary admission nutritious farmland drainage, irrigation and then
Use to achieve recycling.
5.5 between farmland and protected body of water, the use of natural ecosystems should establish a buffer zone, or in Riverside, protective artificial lake
Belt filter to intercept nutrients from farm effluent, improve purification capacity of nutrients, preventing nutrients into the surrounding rivers, lakes and reservoirs
Water body.
6 fertilizer Environmental Safety Management Measures
6.1 in accordance with the principles and cleaner production concept of circular economy, to encourage farmers to engage in ecological agriculture production, actively promote organic agriculture
Development, promotion of agricultural waste harmless, resource utilization.
6.2 based on risk management ideas, encourage high fertilizer inputs industries (such as vegetable production) is transferred to a low-point source pollution risk areas.
6.3 explore the establishment of environmental economic compensation system, due to not applied less fertilizer caused economic loss of income of growers to impose economic compensation.
6.4 to encourage the reduction of fertilizer use of technology, research and development and the loss of farmland ecological engineering technology to intercept nutrients.
6.5 to strengthen environmental monitoring of agricultural production areas, to grasp the environmental impact of fertilizer after the loss of farmland.
6.6 In larger drinking water sources and pollution load area, control the use of fertilizers.
6.7 combined with building an ecological province, county or ecological eco-city, to explore the implementation of regional fertilizer use total control.
6.8 strengthen publicity and education and science promotion, give full play to the functions of agricultural extension services, and raise public awareness of the irrational use of fertilizers
Understanding hazards generated.
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