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HJ 442.7-2020: (Technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters - Part 7: Monitoring of rivers entering the sea)
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(Technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters - Part 7: Monitoring of rivers entering the sea)
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HJ 442.7-2020
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Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 442.7-2020 (HJ442.7-2020) | | Description (Translated English) | (Technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters - Part 7: Monitoring of rivers entering the sea) | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z06 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.020 | | Word Count Estimation | 9,931 | | Date of Issue | 2020-12-16 | | Date of Implementation | 2021-03-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | HJ 442-2008 | | Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment Announcement No. 66 [2020] | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | HJ 442.7-2020: (Technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters - Part 7: Monitoring of rivers entering the sea)
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(Technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters Part 7 Monitoring of rivers entering the sea)
National Environmental Protection Standards of the People's Republic of China
Replace HJ 442-2008
Technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters
Part VII Monitoring of rivers entering the sea
Technical specification for offshore environmental monitoring
Part 7 sea-going rivers monitoring
2020-12-16 release
2021-03-01 implementation
Issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment
i table of contents
Foreword...Ⅱ
1 Scope of application...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...1
4 General requirements for monitoring of rivers entering the sea...2
5 Sample collection...3
6 Sample analysis...5
7 Quality Control...6
Foreword
To implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Marine Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, and the People’s Republic of China
Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Land-Source Pollutants Pollution and Damage to the Marine Environment
“Regulations on the Management of Environmental Pollution Damage to the Marine Environment” and the “Administrative Measures for Environmental Functional Zones in Coastal Sea Areas” to regulate the ecological environment
Environmental quality monitoring, protect the ecological environment, and ensure the scientific, accurate, systematic, and feasible
Comparability and representativeness, formulate this standard.
This standard was first published in.2008.The original standard drafting unit was China Environmental Monitoring Station and Zhoushan Ocean
Ecological environment monitoring station. This is the first revision. The revised standard consists of the following ten parts.
Part One General Provisions
Part Two. Data Processing and Information Management
Part III Water Quality Monitoring of Inshore Waters
Part Four. Monitoring of Sediment in Coastal Seas
Part V Monitoring of Biological Quality in Coastal Waters
Part VI Biological Monitoring in Inshore Waters
Part VII Monitoring of rivers entering the sea
Part 8.Monitoring of Direct Discharge of Sea Pollution Sources and Impact on the Water Environment of Inshore Waters
Part IX Emergency and Special Monitoring in Coastal Waters
Part 10 Evaluation and Report
This standard, as the seventh part of the revised standard, is an added part of the revised standard, which stipulates the water quality samples of rivers entering the sea
Methods and procedures for product collection, storage, transportation, field testing, laboratory analysis, and quality control. The content of this section is local
On the basis of the surface water monitoring requirements, the requirements for monitoring of rivers entering the sea are mainly specified, including.
--General requirements for monitoring of rivers entering the sea;
--Sample Collection;
--Analytical method;
--QC.
From the date of implementation of this standard, the "Environmental Monitoring Specifications for Coastal Sea Areas" (HJ 442-2008) shall be abolished.
This standard was formulated by the Department of Ecological Environment Monitoring and the Department of Regulations and Standards of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
Drafting organizations of this standard. China Environmental Monitoring Station, Zhoushan Marine Ecological Environmental Monitoring Station of Zhejiang Province, Tianjin Ecological
Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on December 16, 2020.
This standard will be implemented on March 1, 2021.
This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
1 Technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters
Part VII Monitoring of rivers entering the sea
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the point layout, sample collection, storage, transportation, and inspection of the environmental monitoring process of rivers entering the sea.
Technical requirements for field testing, laboratory analysis and quality control.
This standard is applicable to the monitoring of rivers entering the sea in the monitoring of coastal waters.
2 Normative references
The content of this standard refers to the terms in the following documents. For undated references, the valid version is applicable to
This standard.
GB 3838 Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
GB 50179 River Flow Test Specification
HJ/T 91 Technical specification for surface water and sewage monitoring
HJ 168 Technical Guidelines for the Preparation and Revision of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Methods
HJ/T 372 Water Quality Automatic Sampler Technical Requirements and Testing Methods
HJ 442.1 The general rules of the first part of the technical specifications for environmental monitoring in coastal waters
HJ 442.3 Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring in Coastal Seas Part 3 Water Quality Monitoring in Coastal Seas
HJ 442.10 Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring in Coastal Seas Part Ten Evaluation and Report
HJ 730 Technical Specification for Layout of Environmental Monitoring Points in Coastal Waters
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Sea-going rivers
The rivers, ditches and canals that enter the sea that comply with GB 3838 or local environmental quality standards for surface water.
3.2
Tidal river
Rivers entering the sea affected by tides.
3.3
The entrance of rivers to sea
The area where the river flows into the sea, including areas where fresh water and sea water are mixed.
23.4
Sampling section transects
When sampling the river, implement the entire profile of the water sample collection. Divide background section, control section, control section and cut
Section etc.
3.5
Instantaneous water samples
A single sample randomly (in terms of time and cross section) collected from the water discontinuously, generally at a certain time and place
Points are taken randomly.
3.6
Automated sampling
The process of automatically collecting water samples continuously or intermittently through instruments and equipment according to a pre-programmed procedure.
3.7
Section of rivers entering the sea
It is the nearest to the estuary of the river entering the sea, and surface water monitoring can be carried out to reflect and evaluate the river entering the sea.
Section of the water quality of the country.
3.8
Section of the river entering the administrative area
The upper reaches of the river enter the administrative region boundary to reflect and evaluate the section of water quality when the water body enters the administrative region.
4 General requirements for monitoring of rivers entering the sea
4.1 Frequency, time and items of monitoring of rivers entering the sea
4.1.1 Frequency and time of monitoring
a) The sampling time for routine monitoring of the inbound section of the river entering the sea shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ/T 91, and the monitoring frequency shall be one
Generally, it is monitored once a month; if the section is not under national control or provincial control, it should be consistent with the environmental management requirements of the jurisdiction;
In special circumstances, or when a pollution accident occurs, follow the relevant requirements of emergency monitoring.
b) Sample collection for routine monitoring of sections of rivers entering the sea should be compared to the tide table, and samples should be collected at low plateau tides.
4.1.2 Monitoring items
a) Compulsory and selective testing items for the cross-section of rivers entering the sea shall be determined according to GB 3838 and evaluation requirements;
b) The items required for routine monitoring are the indicators in Table 1 of GB 3838, other inorganic nitrogen items and section related information,
Including water temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia
Nitrogen, petroleum, volatile phenol, mercury, lead, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, copper, zinc, fluoride, selenium,
Arsenic, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, cyanide, anionic surfactant, sulfide, fecal coliform, nitrate nitrogen,
Nitrite nitrogen, while measuring the depth of the sampling perpendicular and the width of the river monitoring section; the Yangtze River Estuary and the Pearl River Estuary
The width of rivers and rivers can be processed by collecting relevant information.
c) Routine monitoring and selection items. sulfate, chloride, iron, manganese, silicate.
d) Collect data items. flow rate, flow rate.
3e) For emergency and special evaluation requirements, the monitoring items shall be determined according to the actual situation.
f) According to the monitoring results and the requirements of HJ 442.10, calculate the amount of pollutants entering the sea from rivers and the total amount of regional pollutants entering the sea.
Quantity and so on.
4.2 Layout of monitoring sections of rivers entering the sea
4.2.1 Principles of layout
The layout of the inflow section and the entry section of the river entering the sea shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ 730.The section of the river entering the sea should be
It can reflect the quality of the incoming sea; the monitoring section of the incoming river can reflect the incoming water quality; the installed river entering the sea
The entry section and the section entering the sea in the administrative area and the direct sea pollution source can jointly reflect the characteristics of the land area water pollution source and the sea pollution.
The impact of the domain; sufficient representative environmental information can be obtained; sample collection is feasible.
4.2.2 Laying method
The monitoring section of the river entering the sea is laid out in accordance with the requirements of HJ/T 91 and HJ 730, and meets the following requirements.
a) When the administrative division is adjusted, the relevant information attributes of the monitoring section should be adjusted;
b) When the section into the sea is due to the low amount of surface water entering the sea and the low flat tide cannot collect the surface water (salinity < 2) samples, it should be
Adjust the section;
c) When there is no surface water entering the sea at the section of the sea due to long-term dry-flow or interception, the monitoring section shall be cancelled;
d) As far as possible to be consistent with or close to the hydrological section in order to obtain relevant hydrological data. When relevant data cannot be collected,
If conditions permit, the monitoring can be carried out according to the requirements of GB 50179.
4.2.3 Determination of sampling points
a) Generally, the number of sampling perpendiculars and sampling points are set according to HJ/T 91, and the sections of rivers entering the sea such as the Yangtze River Estuary and the Pearl River Estuary
The number of sampling perpendiculars should be increased according to the actual situation, and the number of set perpendiculars and sampling points should not be reduced in principle;
b) When the middle and lower water samples cannot be collected according to the water depth requirements due to objective reasons, the situation should be stated in the sampling record;
c) When the section of the river entering the sea is an overturn dam or a gate-controlled section, the location of the sampling section shall be as follows.
1) When water flows into the sea at the cross-section set up in the dam, samples should be collected at the dam upstream of the dam;
2) In the gate control section, samples should generally be collected at the outlet of the sluice.
5 Sample collection
5.1 Preparation before sampling
a) In accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ 442.1, incorporate sampling into the monitoring implementation plan and implement responsibilities;
b) Determine the person in charge of sampling, the sampling plan, determine the sampling time and method according to the monitoring section, and do a good job of sampling
Preparation of tools, storage containers, fixatives, field test equipment, sample transportation, etc.;
c) Sampling equipment is mainly sampler and water sample container;
d) For items that require on-site testing, prepare on-site monitoring instruments according to the standard method requirements.
5.2 Sampling method, container, sample volume and storage time
a) The sample storage container, container cleaning, storage method and storage time shall be implemented in accordance with HJ/T 91;
b) The container cleaning inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant regulations of HJ 442.3;
c) The material and structure of the sampler should comply with the regulations in HJ/T 91 and HJ/T 372.
45.3 Sample size and handling
a) The collection volume and processing of samples (such as adding preservatives, etc.) shall be analyzed in accordance with relevant regulations of HJ/T 91 or adopted standards
Method related requirements implementation;
b) The quantity of samples collected should consider the quality control requirements, and should ensure the determination of parallel samples, spiked recovery samples and retests
Requirements, and leave room.
5.4 Sample collection
Sample collection should be carried out in accordance with the requirements for storage of each project or on-site analysis, and attention should be paid to the addition of samples for different analysis projects
Agents, etc. should not affect or contaminate the collection and processing of samples for other analysis items. Reasonably arrange sample collection or on-site analysis.
order. at the same time.
a) Do not disturb the sediment at the bottom of the water during sampling. When sampling in layers at the same sampling point, it should be done from top to bottom to avoid
Avoid mixing of different levels of water bodies;
b) When sampling, ensure that the location of the sampling point is accurate, and use a locator to locate if necessary;
c) After filling the sample into the sample container, immediately put the sample information in the sampling record form with a signature pen or hard pencil on site
Make detailed records, requiring complete content, correct and clear writing, and complete items;
d) Ensure that sampling is on time and accurate;
e) Before the end of sampling, the sampling plan, records and water samples should be checked. If there are errors or omissions, they should be re-collected or re-sampled immediately.
New collection
f) If the water at the sampling site is very uneven and representative samples cannot be collected, the unevenness should be recorded in detail.
The actual sampling situation and actual sampling situation are for the reference of those who use the data, and the site situation will be reported to the eco-environmental administrative supervisor
Department reflect
g) When sampling, remove fecal coliforms, oils, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, organic pollutants, heavy metals, etc.
Except for items with special requirements, first wash the sampler and water sample container with sampling water for 2 to 3 times (collect filtered samples
Samples, such as heavy metal water samples, need to be washed with filtered sampling water), and then pour the water samples into the water sample container.
And add the preservative as required;
h) Determine the water sample of oil, destroy the possible oil film before sampling, and use a vertical water collector to contain the glass material.
Install the water collector in the support of the water collector and place it to a depth of 300 mm to collect a columnar water sample, while collecting water
When the water surface reaches the water surface, proper space is left, the samples are all used for determination, and the sampling container cannot be used.
Rinse the collected water samples;
i) When measuring dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and organic pollutants, the water sample must be filled with the container and the upper part should not be left empty
With water seal;
j) If the water sample contains sedimentation solids (such as sediment, etc.), it should be separated and removed. The separation method is.
After shaking the sample, pour it into a cylindrical glass container (such as a 1 L ~ 2 L measuring cylinder), and let it stand for 30 min. There will be no settling solid.
The water sample containing suspended solids is transferred to the sample storage container and the preservative is added;
If the suspended solids cannot be separated from the water, they shall be treated in accordance with the relevant regulations of surface water monitoring; the water temperature, pH,
Except for water samples of dissolved oxygen, conductivity, suspended solids and petroleum;
k) Measurement of petroleum, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, sulfide, fecal coliform, suspended solids and other items must be separated
sampling;
l) When sampling with a ship, the sampling ship should be located in the downstream direction and take samples countercurrently to avoid disturbing the bottom sediments and causing water
5 Sample pollution; sampling personnel should take samples at the front of the ship and try to keep the sampler away from the hull;
m) When collecting samples, it should be carried out with safety guarantees, see HJ 442.1.
5.5 Water quality field test and sampling record sheet
All items that can be tested on site should be tested on site. According to HJ/T 91 requirements for on-site testing and sample collection
Collect, fill in the water quality field test and sampling records. Note the description of the sampling site, on-site measurement items, and sampling records
Completeness, including.
a) The description of the sampling site includes the description of the sampling time, sensory organs of the water sample and other indicators;
b) Field test items include. hydrological parameters, meteorological parameters, water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, transparency, conductivity,
Oxidation-reduction potential and turbidity, etc., according to HJ/T 91 must be measured on-site and cannot be stored within the effective storage period
Items sent to the laboratory for analysis;
c) Velocity and flow generally use data from the hydrological department; if the conditions for measuring flow are available and hydrological data cannot be obtained,
The measurement can be carried out in accordance with GB 50179 and the relevant information of the measurement can be recorded.
5.6 Sample transportation and handover
The samples are collected and sent to the laboratory for analysis. Measures must be taken during transportation to ensure the stability of the samples and avoid contamination and damage.
Damage, leakage and loss.
a) Before the water sample is transported, the container cover should be plugged tightly, and the container should be separated by foam plastic to prevent damage.
Clear signs such as "Do not turn upside down";
b) The sample bottles at the same sampling point should be packed in the same box as far as possible. If they are divided into several boxes, each box
All should have the same sampling record sheet;
c) Before transportation, check whether all the water samples are packed in boxes, and there should be special escorts during transportation;
d) The sample receiving, verification and distribution links should be controlled;
e) The sample handover record, sample label and packaging should be complete; if the sample is found to be abnormal or damaged,
Record truthfully, take relevant measures as soon as possible, and re-sample if necessary.
5.7 Sample storage
The samples that must be sent to the laboratory for analysis should be stored in different zones according to HJ/T 91 sample storage requirements and conditions, with obvious
Logo to avoid confusion.
5.8 Sampling considerations
In order to do a good job in sampling and related information reporting, the following issues should be noted.
a) When the monitoring section has no flow, that is, the water surface is discontinuous, there are only sporadic water sheets, or there is no water under the ice layer, generally not collecting
Samples, but need to be photographed and recorded, and reported in accordance with relevant regulations;
b) During the freezing period, sampling should be carried out by drilling holes under safe conditions; when drilling holes on ice, measures should be taken.
To avoid contamination of the sampled product affected by the drilling; if it meets the requirements of the relevant standards, try to choose
Vinyl container; the water body is sealed and frozen, and water samples at a depth of 0.5 m under the ice are collected. When the water depth is less than 0.5 m, the water
Sampling at 1/2 depth; after breaking the ice surface, the water body is live water, so take samples; if there is no live water, do not sample, but take pictures
Take and make records, and report according to relevant regulations;
c) When the sample is collected, if the ambient temperature is too low, the sample will freeze when it enters the container, so there is no need to shake the sample;
d) It is best to add the fixative to the sample bottle in advance before sampling to prevent the water sample from freezing after being poured into the container.
Into the fixative or cannot be mixed with the fixative;
6e) When collecting samples of monitoring sections affected by tides, water samples should be collected at low tide levels; except for the surface layer (0.5
m) Outside the sample, when collecting stratified samples, water samples with salinity greater than 2 are not included in the statistics; when the low tide level is collected
When the salinity of the collected water samples is greater than 2, consider adjusting the position of the section.
6 Sample analysis
6.1 Method selection
The selection principle of monitoring analysis method shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ 442.1.Common field test and laboratory analysis methods
Choose from GB 3838, HJ/T 91 and the newly released relevant method standards.
6.2 Method verification and validation
In accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ 168, when the method and conditions of the first use change, carry out the verification of the method and meet the
After relevant requirements, it can be used for sample determination.
7 Quality control
7.1 Quality control of sample sampling
The general quality control requirements for sampling of water quality samples shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ/T 91, HJ 442.1 and 5 of this standard.
Row. among them.
a) The organization, personnel, and vessel safety requirements for sampling shall be implemented in accordance with relevant regulations of HJ 442.1;
b) General requirements for sampling shall be implemented in accordance with relevant regulations of HJ/T 91;
c) When using a ship to sample, it should go against the current flow and take the sample at the front of the ship. Keep the sampler away from the hull as much as possible, according to 5.4 a)
Requirement to avoid mixing of different levels of water bodies;
d) When sampling, strictly follow the requirements of 5.4 g) ~ 5.4 l);
e) On-site blank samples, on-site spiked samples shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant regulations of HJ/T 91, and sent to the laboratory together with the samples
Analysis; if there are other requirements in the monitoring plan, follow the monitoring plan;
f) After each analysis, in addition to the necessary retained samples, the sample bottles should be cleaned in time;
g) The water sample container for monitoring of rivers entering the sea and the water sample container for pollution source monitoring should be stored in separate racks and should not be mixed; various types of sampling
The container should be classified and numbered according to the measurement items and sampling points, fixed and dedicated.
7.2 Internal quality control of the laboratory
Monitoring personnel, facilities and environment, selection of monitoring and analysis methods, monitoring equipment, techniques for internal quality control of the laboratory
Technical requirements shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of HJ/T 91 and HJ 442.1.
7.3 Quality control of water quality sample analysts
The self-con...
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