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HJ 2007-2010: Technical specifications for floatation process in wastewater treatment
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Technical specifications for floatation process in wastewater treatment
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Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 2007-2010 (HJ2007-2010) | | Description (Translated English) | Technical specifications for floatation process in wastewater treatment | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z23 | | Word Count Estimation | 23,259 | | Date of Issue | 2010-12-17 | | Date of Implementation | 2011-03-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB 50141; GB 50204; GB 50205; HJ/T 355; CJJ 60; CJ/T 51 | | Regulation (derived from) | Department of Environmental Protection Notice No. 94 of 2010 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | | Summary | This standard specifies the sewage treatment works in the flotation process the general requirements, process design, equipment selection, detection and control, operation and management of the technical requirements. This standard applies to municipal wastewater or industrial wastewater treatment using flotation process design, construction, commissioning, operation and management, as feasibility studies, environmental impact assessment, process design, construction inspection, operation and management of the technical basis. | HJ 2007-2010: Technical specifications for floatation process in wastewater treatment---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Technical specifications for floatation process in wastewater treatment
National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic
Technical specification for sewage air flotation treatment engineering
Released.2010-12-17
2011-03-01 Implementation
Ministry of Environmental Protection released
Ministry of Environmental Protection
announcement
No. 94 of.2010
In order to implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" and standardize the construction and operation of pollution control projects, the "Air Pollution Control Workers" are now approved.
The 9 standards such as the “Technical Guidelines” are national environmental protection standards and are released.
The standard name and number are as follows.
I. Technical Guidelines for Air Pollution Control Engineering (HJ .2000-2010)
2. Technical Specifications for Flue Gas Desulfurization Engineering in Thermal Power Plants (HJ .2001-2010)
Third, electroplating wastewater treatment engineering technical specifications (HJ .2002-2010)
4. Technical specifications for the treatment of tannery and fur processing wastewater (HJ .2003-2010)
V. Technical Specifications for Slaughter and Meat Processing Wastewater Treatment Engineering (HJ .2004-2010)
Technical Specifications for Constructed Wetland Sewage Treatment Engineering (HJ .2005-2010)
7. Technical specifications for sewage coagulation and flocculation treatment (HJ .2006-2010)
9. Technical Specifications for Sewage Filtration Treatment Engineering (HJ .2008-2010)
The above standards have been implemented since March 1,.2011 and published by the China Environmental Science Press. The standard content can be found on the website of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Special announcement.
December 17,.2010
Content
Foreword..iv
1 Scope..1
2 Normative references..1
3 Terms and Definitions.1
4 Contaminants and pollution loads.3
5 General requirements..3
6 Process Design..4
7 Main process equipment and materials.13
8 Detection and process control 13
9 Major auxiliary works.13
10 Labor Safety and Occupational Health..13
11 Construction and acceptance 14
12 Operation and maintenance 14
Appendix A (Normative) Symbol 16
Iv
Foreword
To implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, standardize the treatment of sewage air flotation
Cheng Jian, to make it continuous and stable operation, discharge standards, prevent water pollution, improve environmental quality, and develop this standard.
This standard specifies the general requirements, process design, equipment selection, testing and control, and transportation of the air flotation process used in wastewater treatment projects.
Technical requirements for line management.
This standard is the first release.
Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix.
This standard was formulated by the Science and Technology Standards Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
This standard is mainly drafted by. Jiangsu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Southeast University, Jiangsu Pengyi Environmental Engineering Design Institute, Yangzhou Chenglu Ring
Engineering Co., Ltd.
This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on December 17,.2010.
This standard has been implemented since March 1,.2011.
This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Technical specification for sewage air flotation treatment engineering
1 Scope of application
This standard specifies the general requirements, process design, equipment selection, testing and control, and transportation of the air flotation process used in wastewater treatment projects.
Technical requirements for line management.
This standard is applicable to the design, construction, acceptance, operation management of air flotation process in urban sewage or industrial wastewater treatment projects.
Technical basis for feasibility study, environmental impact assessment, process design, construction acceptance, and operation management.
2 Normative references
The contents of this standard refer to the terms in the following documents. For undated references, the valid version applies to this standard.
GB 50141 Water supply and drainage structure engineering construction and acceptance specification
GB 50204 Concrete Structure Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Specification
GB 50205 Steel Structure Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Specification
Technical Specifications for Operation and Assessment of HJ/T 355 Water Pollution Source Online Monitoring System (Trial)
CJJ 60 Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation, Maintenance and Safety and Safety Technical Regulations
CJ/T 51 Standard for urban sewage quality inspection methods
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Air floatation
Refers to a method of generating a large number of microbubbles by some method, adhering suspended and destabilized colloidal particles in water, and floating in water to complete solid-liquid separation.
process.
3.2
Electrocoagulation (electrolysis) air flotation electrolytic flotation
Refers to the use of a soluble anode under the action of an external voltage to produce a large amount of metal ions and their polycondensates, which are suspended and destabilized in wastewater.
The colloidal particles are agglomerated, and the cathode generates hydrogen gas, which adheres to the flocs to be separated by floating.
3.3
Inert electrode
Refers to an inert material electrode in which the electrode itself does not participate in the reaction in the electrolysis gas float.
3.4
Static voltage
Refers to the critical voltage (also called overvoltage) of electrolytic flotation to produce electrolytic effect.
3.5
Soluble electrode
Refers to the electrode involved in the reaction in the electrolysis air float, such as iron plate, aluminum plate electrode.
3.6
Current density
Refers to the amount of current passing through the active surface of the unit surface in the electrolysis air float.
3.7
Ratio current
Refers to the current through which the unit water flow passes.
3.8
Air flotation falloff floatation
Refers to the process of mechanically breaking the air to produce a large number of microbubbles to complete the air flotation. Including diffuser aeration air floatation and impeller aeration air floatation
Two.
3.9
Vacuum floatation
Refers to the full aeration of water under normal pressure, so that the dissolved gas in the water tends to be saturated, and then continuously sent to the vacuum flotation chamber, the dissolved gas is hollow
The gas is released under vacuum, and the flocculation of the water is floated and separated, and the treated water is continuously discharged through the pressure regulating chamber.
3.10
Pressurized dissolved air-air floatation
Refers to the air dissolved in water under a certain pressure, and then reaches a saturated state, then rapidly decompresses and releases, and the air escapes with micro-bubbles, and
A method of treating impurities in the water to make them float.
3.11
Shallow air flotation
Refers to a rotary shallow pressure dissolved air flotation in synchronization with the release of rotating cloth water and dissolved gas.
3.12
Dissolved-air saturation
Refers to the solubility of air dissolved in water to saturation under certain pressure and temperature conditions.
3.13
Reflux dissolved-air
Refers to the process of discharging the air from the air flotation tank to partially return the pressurized dissolved gas and releasing it under reduced pressure, and contacting the influent sewage to complete the air flotation.
3.14
Full dissolved air
Refers to a process in which all inflowing sewage is subjected to pressurized dissolved gas, and then released into a gas floating tank through a reduced pressure to perform solid-liquid separation.
3.15
Partial dissolved air
Refers to a process in which part of the influent sewage is pressurized and dissolved, and then released into the flotation cell by means of reduced pressure to carry out solid-liquid separation.
3.16
Releaser releaser
Refers to the device that suddenly decompresses the dissolved gas to release the saturated gas in the form of microbubbles.
3.17
Spray density
Refers to the spray water flow per unit area per unit time in the dissolved gas tank.
3.18
Hydraulic load
Refers to the amount of dissolved gas passing through the per-water area of the dissolved gas tank unit per unit time.
3.19
Surface load surface loading
Refers to the amount of water purified per unit surface area of the separation zone of the air-floating tank per unit time.
4 Contaminants and pollution loads
4.1 Air treatment requirements for air flotation
The air floatation process is suitable for treating industrial wastewater with small or medium water volume or comprehensive urban sewage.
4.2 Air flotation process water quality requirements
1) The object of air flotation treatment is hydrophobic suspension (SS) and destabilizing colloidal particles. The mass concentration of raw water SS can be as high as 5 000~
10 000 mg/L.
2) The effluent SS of the air flotation tank can generally be less than 20~30 mg/L. When the effluent is directly discharged, it should meet the requirements of national or local discharge standards;
When discharging into the next-stage treatment system, the influent water quality requirements of the next-stage treatment system should be met.
3) The air flotation process sewage treatment plant (station) with large changes in water quality and water volume should be equipped with adjustment facilities.
4.3 Air flotation process suitable for treatment of pollutants
1) Air flotation process is suitable for separation of suspended solids in water and material recovery, for fibers, oils, microorganisms and surfactants with low density
The separation is particularly advantageous.
2) The main types of air flotation processes are electrolyzed air floatation, impeller air floatation, pressurized dissolved air flotation, shallow air floatation, and the like.
3) Electrolytic air flotation can be used for the treatment of chromium (VI)-containing wastewater, cyanide-containing wastewater and other toxic and harmful pollutants.
4) Pressure dissolved air floatation can be used for the treatment of oily wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, algae-containing wastewater, chemically treated chemical wastewater, etc.
Pulp recovery of papermaking wastewater, separation of biologically treated activated sludge.
5) Impeller air flotation can be used for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing high concentrations of suspended solids and surface active substances.
6) Shallow air flotation can be used for large-scale sewage treatment, such as separation of biological treatment activated sludge, and also for industrial wastewater solid phase
Quality recovery.
5 General requirements
5.1 The construction scale of the air flotation tank is determined by the amount of treated water, and the designed water volume is determined by the maximum amount of water in the project.
5.2 Air-floating process treatment works should be provided with grid, screen, grit chamber and coagulation (demulsification) reaction pretreatment before the water inlet system.
Shi. Some industrial wastewaters with special water quality should be pretreated by chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation, foam separation, pre-precipitation, etc.
Advanced treatment methods such as filtration, adsorption, and membrane technology.
5.3 Pressure vessel air flotation should be equipped with auxiliary equipment such as dissolved gas tank, dissolved gas pump, air compressor and releaser.
5.4 Electrolytic air flotation should be equipped with rectifier equipment and DC power supply, and the capacity should be considered to meet the maximum power consumption requirements.
5.5 Impeller air flotation should be provided with suction pipe and high speed impeller device.
5.6 All air flotation should consider the contact facilities of the outgassing water and the raw water, scraping mud, mud discharging facilities, and liquid level adjusting facilities.
5.7 The air-floating pool has a shallow depth, and the elevation design should be considered with the configuration of subsequent equipment.
5.8 Air floating scum should be collected by scraping equipment and then concentrated and dehydrated; when raw water contains volatile harmful gases, there should be corresponding pre-treatment
Processing device.
6 Process design
6.1 Main types of air flotation treatment and their applicable conditions
The types of air flotation processes commonly used in sewage treatment are shown in Table 1, which can be used as reference for the selection of air flotation processes.
Table 1 Characteristics and applicable conditions of common air flotation process in sewage treatment
Type characteristics applicable conditions
Electrolytic flotation
For industrial wastewater, it has many functions such as redox, coagulation and air flotation.
The nature is good and the process is easy to adjust. The device is equipment, compact, and covers a small area.
Produces noise. Larger power consumption
Suitable for small water industrial wastewater (Q< 10~
15 m3/h) treatment, large salt content, conductivity
High-grade sewage treatment equipment containing toxic and harmful pollutants
Have unique advantages
2. Impeller air floatation method
The structure is simple, the separation speed is fast, and the separation effect on high concentration suspended solids is good. Gas supply
The amount is easy to adjust and has good adaptability to wastewater. The device is equipmentized and compact.
Less land. High requirements for coagulation pretreatment
Suitable for medium water treatment (usually Q< 30~
40 m3/h) for higher concentrations of suspended solids and surfaces
Treatment of industrial wastewater from active substances
Good advantage
3. Pressurized dissolved air flotation
The process is mature and the engineering experience is rich. High load rate, good processing effect, processing capacity
Big. It can be fully automatic and continuous operation. The muddy water content is low and the effluent water quality is good.
For wastewater with different suspended solid concentrations, it is possible to use fully dissolved gas, partially reflux dissolved gas, etc.
Way, adaptability. The process is slightly complicated and the management requirements are high.
Suitable for different water volumes, higher concentrations of suspended soil
Dyestuffs, oils, microorganisms, pulp, fiber
deal with
4. Shallow air flotation method has high surface load, fast separation speed and high efficiency. The sewage treatment elevation is easy to arrange. The area is small and the pool is shallow. Steel equipment can be combined in multiple blocks or overhead
Suitable for large, medium and small water, suspension, fiber
Separation of vitamins, activated sludge and oils
6.2 General provisions for the design of air flotation devices
6.2.1 The air flotation tank shall be provided with a dissolved gas contact chamber to complete the contact reaction between the dissolved gas and the raw water.
6.2.2 The air floating pool shall be provided with a water level control room, and a regulating valve (or water level controller) shall be used to adjust the water level to prevent the water from being muddy or scum layer too.
thick.
6.2.3 The perforated water collecting pipe is generally arranged at a distance of 20 to 40 cm from the bottom of the separation chamber, and the flow velocity in the pipe is 0.5 to 0.7 m/s. Eyelet down and down
The lines are staggered at 45°, the hole spacing is 20-30 cm, and the hole diameter is 10-20 mm.
6.2.4 The slag discharge cycle depends on the amount of scum, and the cycle should not be too short, generally 0.5 to 2 h. Slag slag moisture content is 95% to 97%, slag thickness control
At around 10 cm.
6.2.5 The scum should be scraped mechanically. The speed of the scraper should be controlled within 5 m/min. Scrape direction should flow with water flow
Instead, the scum that may fall is placed in the contact chamber.
6.2.6 The effect of water temperature should be considered when designing the air flotation process.
6.3 Electrolytic air flotation process design
6.3.1 Design points of electrolysis air flotation process
1) Electrolytic air flotation uses multiple sets of electrodes between positive and negative phases, which are connected with stable or pulsed current. The energization mode can be serial or parallel.
2) Electrolytic air flotation can use inert or soluble electrodes, and the effect is different from the product.
3) Electrolytic air floatation uses inert electrodes such as titanium plates, titanium rhodium plated plates, graphite plates and other electrodes to produce fine bubbles such as hydrogen, oxygen or chlorine;
When using soluble iron plate and aluminum plate as electrodes, it is also called electroflocculation air flotation, and its products are Fe3, Al3 and hydrogen bubbles.
Big.
4) Electrolytic air flotation devices are divided into vertical flow type and flat flow type, and vertical flow type is mainly applied to the treatment of small water volume.
5) The structure of the electrolysis floatation tank includes a rectification grid, an electrode group, a separation chamber, a scraper, a water collecting hole, a water level regulator, and the like.
6) Electrolytic air flotation is mainly used for the treatment of small-water industrial wastewater, for wastewater with large salt content, high conductivity and toxic and harmful pollutants.
Reason has advantages.
7) Iron anode electric flocculation air flotation For the treatment of wastewater containing Cr(VI), the mass concentration of Cr(VI) should not exceed 100 mg/L.
8) Electrolytic air flotation For the treatment of cyanide-containing wastewater, graphite inert electrodes should be used.
6.3.2 Electrolytic air flotation design parameters
1) The thickness of the plate is 6-10 mm (the soluble anode can be thickened as needed), and the net spacing of the plates is 15-20 mm;
2) The current density should generally be less than 150 ~.200 A/m2;
3) The height of the clarification zone is 1 to 1.2 m, and the residence time of the separation zone is 20 to 30 min;
4) The thickness of the slag layer is 10-20 cm;
5) The single cell width should not exceed 3 m.
6.3.3 Surface area of the electrode, calculated according to formula (1).
EQS
= (1)
Where. S--electrode surface area, m2;
E--specific current, A·h/m3;
Q--Sewage design flow, m3/h;
I--electrode current density, A/m2.
Usually, E and i should be determined by experiment or by value in Table 2.
Table 2 E and i values of different wastewaters
Wastewater type E/(A·h/m3) i/(A/m2)
Leather, fur wastewater 300 ~ 600 50 ~ 100
Chemical wastewater 100～400 150～200
Meat processing wastewater 100～270 100～200
Artificial leather wastewater 15～20 40～80
Printing and dyeing wastewater 15～20 100～150
Chromium (VI)-containing wastewater.200～250 50～100
Phenol-containing wastewater 300-500 150-300
6.3.4 Number of electrode plates n, calculated according to formula (2).
2 1B ln
Eδ
− = (2)
Where. B - the width of the electrolytic cell, when the amount of treated water Q = 50 ~ 100 m3/h, B takes 1.5 ~ 2 m;
l--The distance between the plate surface and the pool wall is 50-100 mm;
Δ--plate thickness, take 6 ~ 10 mm;
E--Pole distance, take 15 ~ 20 mm.
6.3.5 The area of a single plate is calculated according to formula (3).
SA
= − (3)
Where. A--single plate area, m2.
6.3.6 Plate length, calculated according to formula (4).
AL
= (4)
Where. L1--plate length, m;
H1--plate height, take 0.4 ~ 1.5 m.
6.3.7 The length of the electrode chamber is calculated according to formula (5).
1 2L L l= (5)
Where. L--electrode chamber length, m.
6.3.8 The total height of the electrode chamber is calculated according to formula (6).
1 2H hh h3= (6)
Where. H--the total height of the electrode chamber, m;
H1--plate height, take 1.0 ~ 1.5 m;
H2-- scum layer height, take 0.1 ~ 0.2 m;
H3--protection height, take 0.3~0.5 m.
6.3.9 Electrode chamber volume, calculated according to formula (7).
1V BHL= (7)
Where. V1--electrode chamber volume, m3.
6.3.10 Separation chamber volume, calculated according to formula (8).
2V Qt= (8)
Where. V2--separation chamber volume, m3;
t--Air floatation separation time, take 0.3 ~ 0.75 h.
6.3.11 The volume of the electrolysis floatation tank is calculated according to formula (9).
1V V V2= (9)
Where. V--electrolytic flotation cell volume, m3.
6.4 Impeller air flotation process design
6.4.1 Design points of impeller air flotation process
1) The structure of the impeller air flotation cell includes an impeller, an air suction pipe, a separation chamber, a scraper, and the like. Impeller diameter, speed, and suction in impeller air flotation
The location of the trachea installation is the key to the design.
2) The impeller intake air volume should be controlled at a reasonable level.
3) The distance between the impeller and the guide vane should be designed accurately.
4) Impeller air flotation is suitable for treating medium water volume, and the separation efficiency of high concentration suspended solids is high.
6.4.2 Impeller air flotation design parameters
1) Impeller diameter D =.200 ~ 400 mm, the maximum should not exceed 600 mm;
2) impeller speed ω = 900 ~ 1 500 r/min, circumferential linear velocity u = 10 ~ 15 m/s;
3) The distance between the impeller and the guide vane should be adjusted to be less than 7 ~ 8 mm;
4) The water depth of the air flotation tank is generally H=2～2.5 m, and should not exceed 3 m;
5) The air floating pool should be square, and the single side dimension is not more than 6 times the diameter D of the impeller.
6.4.3 The total volume W of the air flotation tank is calculated according to formula (10).
W Qtα= (10)
Where. W--the total volume of the air floatation tank, m3;
Α--factor, generally 1.1 to 1.2;
Q--Processing wastewater volume, m3/min;
t--Air separation time, generally 20 to 25 minutes.
6.4.4 The total area F of the air flotation cell is calculated according to formula (11), formula (12) and formula (13).
WF
= (11)
Where. F--the total area of the flotation cell, m2;
h--The working water depth of the air floating pool, m, can be calculated by formula (12).
Hh ρ= (12)
Where. ρ--gas-water mixture density, generally 0.7 kg/L;
The hydrostatic pressure in the H--floating tank can be calculated by equation (13).
uH
Φ= 13 ( )
Where. φ--pressure coefficient, the value is equal to 0.2 ~ 0.3;
6.4.5 14) Calculation.
u--Circle linear velocity of the impeller, m/s.
Number of air floating pools (or number of impellers) n, according to
Fn
= (14)
Where. f--single air floating pool area, m2.
6.4.6 The side length l of the impeller air flotation cell is calculated according to formula (15).
6l f D (15)
Where. l--the length of the impeller air flotation cell, m;
6.4.7 q, calculated according to equation (16).
= =
D--impeller diameter, m.
Air-water mixture inhaled by the impeller
1 00Qq 0
60 (1 ) n β
×= − (16)
Where. q--the amount of gas and water mixed by the impeller, L/s;
Desirable 0.3;
6.4.8 (17) Calculation.
---aeration coefficient, determined according to the test, generally
N--number of impellers.
Impeller speed ω, according to
60u
ω = π (17)
Where. ω--impeller speed, r/min.
) Calculation. 6.4.9 Impeller required power N, according to the formula (18
HqρN η= (18)
Where. N--power required by the impeller, kW;
.3. Η--impeller efficiency, equal to 0.2~0
6.5 Pressurized solution
6.5.1 Design points of pressurized dissolved air flotation process
The basic process of air floatation mainly includes a full dissolved gas process, a partial dissolved gas process, and a reflux pressurized gas process.
Sewage.
Fully soluble
And air floatation pool
Touch room
time.
~0.5 MPa, the self-control design of the dissolved gas tank should be guaranteed
Working condition
And quick release interface.
6.5.2
The effective water depth is generally 2.0 to 2.5 m, the advection aspect ratio is generally 2.1 to 3.1, and the vertical flow type should be 1.1.
general
, the upper end is 5 ~ 10 mm/s, the hydraulic retention time is greater than 1 min;
Touch zone
The water volume should be 4-6 m3/(m2·h), and the hydraulic retention time is generally 10-20 min.
. Dissolved gas tank can be installed if necessary
filler
Air demand Qg
19) Calculation...
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