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HJ 19-2022 English PDF

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HJ 19-2022: Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - Ecological impact
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HJ 19: Evolution and historical versions

Standard ID	Contents [version]	USD	STEP2	[PDF] delivered in	Standard Title (Description)	Status	PDF
HJ 19-2022	English	649	Add to Cart	5 days [Need to translate]	Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - Ecological impact	Valid	HJ 19-2022
HJ 19-2011	English	879	Add to Cart	5 days [Need to translate]	Technical guideline for environmental impact assessment. Ecological impact	Obsolete	HJ 19-2011
HJ/T 19-1997	English	RFQ	ASK	6 days [Need to translate]	Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment. Ecological environment of nature resource development	Obsolete	HJ/T 19-1997

PDF similar to HJ 19-2022

Standard similar to HJ 19-2022

GB/T 24021 HJ 630 GB/T 23384 HJ 2.4 HJ 168 HJ 2.2

Basic data

Standard ID	HJ 19-2022 (HJ19-2022)
Description (Translated English)	Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - Ecological impact
Sector / Industry	Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard	Z00
Word Count Estimation	28,296
Issuing agency(ies)	Ministry of Ecology and Environment

HJ 19-2022: Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - Ecological impact

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
(Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment Ecological Impact) National Ecological Environment Standard of the People's Republic of China In lieu of HJ 19-2011 Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines Ecological Impact Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment -Ecological impact This electronic version is the official standard text, which is reviewed and typeset by the Environmental Standards Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Posted on 2022-01-15 2022-07-01 Implementation Released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment directory Foreword...ii 1 Scope...1 2 Normative references...1 3 Terms and Definitions...1 4 General...2 5 Identification of ecological impacts...3 6 Determination of evaluation level and evaluation scope...4 7 Investigation and evaluation of ecological status... 5 8 Ecological Impact Prediction and Evaluation...7 9 Ecological protection countermeasures...8 10 Conclusion of Ecological Impact Assessment...9 11 Ecological impact assessment self-check form...9 Appendix A (Informative Appendix) Ecological Impact Assessment Factor Screening Table...10 Appendix B (Informative Appendix) Ecological Status Survey Methods and Results Statistics...12 Appendix C (Informative Appendix) Ecological Status and Impact Assessment Methods...17 Appendix D (Normative Appendix) Specifications and Requirements for Ecological Impact Assessment Drawings...23 Appendix E (Informative Appendix) Ecological Impact Assessment Self-Check...25 Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines Ecological Impact

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the general principles, working procedures, contents, methods and technical requirements of ecological impact assessment. This standard applies to the ecological impact assessment of construction projects. The planned ecological impact assessment can be implemented with reference to this standard.

2 Normative references

This standard refers to the following documents or clauses thereof. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this standard. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this standard. GB/T 19485 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Offshore Engineering GB/T 20257 National Basic Scale Map Schema GB/T 21010 Classification of current status of land use HJ 2.1 General outline of technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment of construction projects HJ 2.3 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment Surface Water Environment HJ 610 Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines Groundwater Environment HJ 624 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Alien Species HJ 710 Biodiversity Observation Technical Guidelines HJ 964 Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines Soil Environment (Trial) HJ 1166 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Ecosystem Remote Sensing Interpretation and Field Verification HJ 1173 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation SC/T 9402 Technical Specification for Freshwater Plankton Survey SC/T 9429 Standardized rivers for survey of freshwater fishery resources

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 ecological impact Project occupation, construction activity interference, changes in environmental conditions, time or space accumulation, etc., directly or indirectly lead to species, populations, Changes in biomes, habitats, ecosystems, natural landscapes, natural relics, etc. Ecological impacts include direct, indirect and cumulative Influence. 3.2 important species Species that need to be focused on and have high conservation value or protection requirements in the ecological impact assessment, including national and local key protection Species listed in the Wildlife Catalogue are listed as Critically Endangered and Endangered in the China Biodiversity Red List. (Endangered) and Vulnerable (Vulnerable) species, the national and local governments have listed species with very small populations for rescue and protection, endemic species with And ancient and famous trees. 3.3 ecological sensitive region Including statutory ecological protection areas, important habitats, and other ecological functions that are of great significance to the protection of biodiversity area. Among them, the statutory ecological protection areas include. national parks, natural Protected areas, natural parks and other nature reserves, world natural heritage, ecological protection red lines and other areas; important habitats include. natural habitats for important species Natural concentrated distribution areas, habitats, spawning grounds, feeding grounds, wintering grounds and migratory passages of important aquatic organisms, important breeding grounds for migratory birds, Resting place, wintering place and wildlife migration channel, etc. 3.4 ecological protection objects Affected important species, ecologically sensitive areas and other species, populations, biological communities and ecological spaces that need to be protected.

4 General

4.1 Basic tasks On the basis of engineering analysis and ecological status quo investigation, identify, predict and evaluate the construction period, operation period and service period of the construction project After (can be selected according to the project situation) and other ecological impacts at different stages, put forward countermeasures and measures to prevent or mitigate adverse impacts, and formulate relevant The corresponding environmental management and ecological monitoring plan shall be established to clarify whether the construction project is feasible from the perspective of ecological impact. 4.2 Basic requirements 4.2.1 The site selection of construction projects should avoid all kinds of ecologically sensitive areas as much as possible, in line with nature reserves, world natural heritage, ecological protection red Line management requirements, as well as land space planning, ecological environment zoning management and control requirements. 4.2.2 The ecological impact assessment of construction projects should be reasonably determined in consideration of the characteristics of the industry, the scale of the project, and the way of impacting on ecological protection goals. According to the technical requirements of the corresponding evaluation level, the current situation investigation, impact analysis and prediction work shall be carried out. 4.2.3 Ecological protection countermeasures should be proposed in the order of avoidance, mitigation, restoration and compensation, and the countermeasures taken should be conducive to the protection of protect biodiversity and maintain or restore ecosystem functions. 4.3 Working procedure The ecological impact assessment work is generally divided into three stages, and the specific working procedures are shown in Figure 1. In the first stage, collect and analyze the engineering technical documents of the construction project, as well as the regional territorial space planning, ecological environment zoning control plan, Ecologically sensitive areas and ecological environment status and other relevant data, carry out on-site surveys, and conduct ecological research through engineering analysis and screening evaluation factors. Identification of impacts, determination of ecological protection goals, and necessary supplementary proposals for comparison and selection. Determine the evaluation level and evaluation scope. In the second stage, on the basis of sufficient data collection, current situation investigation, and expert consultation, the production process will be carried out according to the technical requirements of different evaluation levels. Status evaluation and impact prediction analysis. Where there is a comparison and selection scheme involved, the same depth of ecological environment comparison and selection demonstration shall be carried out for different schemes. In the third stage, according to the ecological impact prediction and evaluation results, determine scientific, reasonable and feasible engineering plans, and propose prevention or mitigation of adverse effects. Countermeasures and measures for the impact, formulate corresponding environmental management and ecological monitoring plans, and clarify the conclusion of ecological impact assessment. Engineering analysis should be carried out for different scenarios. Existing schemes all occupy ecologically sensitive areas, or may obviously have a significant adverse impact on ecological protection goals. In addition, a comparison and selection scheme based on consideration of ecological impact mitigation should be supplemented. 5.2 Screening of evaluation factors 5.2.1 Screen the evaluation factors on the basis of engineering analysis. See Appendix A for the selection table of ecological impact assessment factors. 5.2.2 The evaluation criteria can refer to relevant national, industrial, local or foreign standards. If there is no reference standard, the region and similar regions can be used. Ecological background value or background value, ecological threshold value or citing relevant authoritative literature data with timeliness, etc.

6 Determination of Evaluation Level and Evaluation Scope

6.1 Evaluation level determination 6.1.1 According to the ecological sensitivity and impact degree of the affected area of the construction project, the evaluation grades are divided into first, second and third grades. 6.1.2 Determine the evaluation level according to the following principles. a) When it involves national parks, nature reserves, world natural heritages, and important habitats, the evaluation level is Level 1; b) When a natural park is involved, the evaluation level is Level 2; c) When the ecological protection red line is involved, the evaluation level shall not be lower than Level 2; d) According to HJ 2.3, it is judged that the construction project belongs to the hydrological element impact type and the surface water evaluation level is not lower than the second level, and the ecological impact evaluation The price level shall not be lower than the second level; e) According to HJ 610 and HJ 964, it is judged that there are natural forests, public welfare forests, wetlands and other ecosystems within the groundwater level or the soil influence area. For construction projects with protection objectives, the ecological impact assessment level shall not be lower than Level 2; f) When the size of the land occupied by the project is greater than 20 km2 (including permanent and temporary occupation of land and water), the evaluation level shall not be lower than Class II; The land occupation scope of the expansion project is determined by the newly added land (including land and water); g) In cases other than a), b), c), d), e), and f) of this article, the evaluation level is three; h) When the evaluation level is judged to meet the above-mentioned multiple conditions at the same time, the highest evaluation level among them shall be adopted. 6.1.3 When the construction project involves areas that are proved to be of great significance to the protection of biological diversity, the evaluation level may be appropriately increased. 6.1.4 When the construction project involves both terrestrial and aquatic ecological impacts, the evaluation grades can be determined separately for terrestrial and aquatic ecology. 6.1.5 Mining in mines may lead to significant changes in the type of land use in the mining area, or the construction of sluices and dams may significantly change the hydrological situation, etc. In this case, the evaluation level should be raised by one level. 6.1.6 For linear engineering, the evaluation level can be determined in sections. Linear engineering underground crossing or surface crossing ecologically sensitive areas, within the scope of ecologically sensitive areas When there is no permanent or temporary land occupation, the evaluation level can be lowered by one level. 6.1.7 Refer to GB/T 19485 for the judgment of sea-related engineering evaluation grades. 6.1.8 The pollution-impacting reconstruction and expansion projects that meet the requirements for zoning management and control of the ecological environment and are located within the original factory boundary (or permanent land), Pollution-impact construction projects in industrial parks that have been approved for EIA and that meet the requirements of EIA and do not involve ecologically sensitive areas may not be used. Determine the evaluation level and directly conduct a simple analysis of the ecological impact. 6.2 Determination of Evaluation Scope 6.2.1 The ecological impact assessment should be able to fully reflect the ecological integrity and biodiversity protection requirements, and cover the direct process of all activities of the assessment project. Direct and indirect influence areas. The scope of evaluation should be based on the influence mode, degree of influence and relationship between ecological factors of the evaluation project. Interactions and interdependencies are determined. The climatic process, hydrological process, biological process, etc. of the evaluation project and the project area can be comprehensively considered Interactions of biogeochemical cycle processes to evaluate complete climatic units, hydrological units, ecological Cell and geographic cell boundaries are reference boundaries. 6.2.2 When occupying or crossing (crossing) ecologically sensitive areas, the structure, function and main protection objects of ecologically sensitive areas should be considered to be reasonably determined. Determine the scope of evaluation. 6.2.3 The evaluation scope of the mining project shall cover the mining area and its influence scope, the land occupied by various sites and transportation systems, and the temporary occupation of construction. range, etc. 6.2.4 The evaluation scope of water conservancy and hydropower projects shall cover the permanent land occupation and temporary occupation of construction projects, such as key project buildings, reservoir inundation, resettlement of resettlement, etc. The ground and the surface and underground of the reservoir area above and below the dam, the river sections and areas affected by hydrology and water quality, the water-receiving area, the area affected by the receding water, and the area affected by the water delivery line, etc. 6.2.5 When a linear project crosses ecologically sensitive areas, the line crossing section extends 1 km to both ends and the line center line extends 1 km to both sides as With reference to the evaluation scope, the actual determination should be based on the distribution of the main protection objects in ecologically sensitive areas, ecological characteristics, When the main protection objects are wild animals and their habitats, the scope of evaluation should be further expanded, involving migration, For migratory species, the assessment scope shall cover the scope of the migratory and migratory passages affected by the project; The extension of 300 m on both sides is the reference evaluation range. 6.2.6 The land-based airport project takes the 3-5 km extension of the land boundary as the reference evaluation range. The actual determination should be based on the type, scale, The type of land occupation, surrounding topography, etc. are appropriately adjusted. If clearance treatment is involved, the clearance treatment area shall be covered. aircraft climb or approach If there are nature reserves and important habitats for birds in the area below the line, the assessment scope shall cover the affected natural areas. Protected areas and critical habitat ranges. 6.2.7 Refer to GB/T 19485 for the scope of ecological impact assessment of sea-related projects. 6.2.8 The evaluation scope of pollution impact construction projects shall cover the direct occupation area and the indirect ecological impact area caused by pollutant discharge.

7 Investigation and evaluation of ecological status

7.1 General requirements 7.1.1 The investigation of ecological status should carry out on-site work on the basis of sufficient data collection, and the scope of ecological status investigation should not be less than the evaluation scope. See Appendix B for survey methods. 7.1.2 The evaluation of ecological status should adhere to the principle of combining qualitative and quantitative methods, and try to use quantitative methods as much as possible. See Appendix C for the evaluation method. 7.1.3 The results of the investigation and evaluation of the ecological status should be presented in a combination of words, tables and pictures. See Appendix B for the list of surveys. Check the statistical table of results, and make necessary drawings according to Appendix D. 7.2 Contents of Ecological Status Survey 7.2.1 The survey contents of terrestrial ecology status mainly include. flora, vegetation types, plant community structure and succession rules within the scope of assessment. Law, key species, constructive species, dominant species in the community; fauna, species composition and distribution characteristics; ecosystem type, area and space distribution among important species; distribution, ecological characteristics, population status of important species, main migration routes and migration time of migratory species; distribution and status. 7.2.2 The survey contents of the status of aquatic ecology mainly include. status of aquatic organisms, aquatic habitats and fisheries within the scope of assessment; Distribution, ecological characteristics, population status and habitat status; surveys of important aquatic animals such as fish include species composition, population structure, resources Spatial and temporal distribution, distribution of important habitats such as spawning grounds, feeding grounds, and overwintering grounds, environmental conditions, and behavioral habits such as migration routes and migration times. 7.2.3 Collect relevant planning materials, pictures and data of ecologically sensitive areas, investigate and evaluate the main protection objects and functions of ecologically sensitive areas within the scope of assessment. zoning, protection requirements, etc. 7.2.4 The main ecological problems in the survey area, such as soil erosion, desertification, rocky desertification, salinization, biological invasion and pollution hazards Wait. Investigate existing disturbance factors that adversely affect ecological conservation goals. 7.2.5 For reconstruction, expansion and phased construction projects, investigate the actual ecological impacts of existing projects and previously implemented projects and take measures ecological protection measures. 7.3 Requirements for ecological status investigation 7.3.1 The survey time of the cited ecological status data should be within 5 years, and the data used for retrospective evaluation or change trend analysis may not be subject to Investigation time limit. 7.3.2 When the existing investigation data cannot meet the evaluation requirements, the current situation data should be obtained through on-site investigation. Principles of representation and typicality. When the project involves ecologically sensitive areas, special investigations should be carried out. 7.3.3 The areas permanently occupied by the project or temporarily occupied by the construction shall conduct a detailed investigation on the basis of the collected data to find out whether the occupied areas are distributed or not. There are important species and important habitats. 7.3.4 For the first-level and second-level evaluations of terrestrial ecology, an appropriate survey method should be selected based on the survey scope, survey objects, topography and actual conditions. Law. When conducting surveys of transects and plots, the number, length or area of transects and plots should be reasonably determined, covering different vegetation within the evaluation scope. Types and habitat types, and mountain areas should also be laid out in combination with the altitude segment, slope position, and slope aspect. According to the type of plant community (preferably The lower taxonomic unit is the survey unit) to set up survey plots, and the number of plots for each community type should be no less than 5 for the first-level evaluation, and the second-level evaluation No less than 3, and the survey time should be in the season of vigorous plant growth; the number of wild animal survey transects set for each habitat type for the first-level evaluation There are no less than 5 items, and no less than 3 items for the second-level evaluation. In addition to collecting historical data, the first-level evaluation should also obtain the most recent 1 to 2 complete annual differences. Seasonal status data, secondary evaluation try to obtain the status data of key activity periods such as the breeding period, wintering period and migration period of wild animals. 7.3.5 The survey sites and sections of the primary and secondary assessments of aquatic ecology should cover the main stream, tributaries, estuaries, lakes and reservoirs within the scope of assessment. Different water types. The first-level evaluation should be carried out at least in the wet season and the dry season (river, lake and reservoir) or in spring and autumn (the estuary and sea area) Two (quarterly) surveys, at least one (quarterly) survey data should be obtained for the second-level evaluation, and the projects involving significant changes in the hydrological situation should increase the survey strength. Spend. The fish survey time should include the main breeding period, and the aquatic habitat survey content should include the water morphological structure, hydrological situation, physical and chemical properties of the water body shape and substrate. 7.3.6 The current situation investigation of the third-level evaluation is mainly to collect effective data, and necessary remote sensing investigation or on-site verification can be carried out. 7.3.7 The requirements for biodiversity protection shall also be fully considered in the ecological status investigation. 7.3.8 Refer to GB/T 19485 for the requirements for the investigation on the ecological status of sea-related projects. 7.4 Contents and requirements of ecological status assessment 7.4.1 For the first-level and second-level evaluations, all or part of the following contents shall be selected for evaluation according to the current situation investigation results. a) According to the survey results of vegetation and plant communities, compile a vegetation type map, and count the vegetation types and areas within the evaluation range. The vegetation coverage and other indicators analyze the current situation of vegetation, and illustrate the spatial distribution characteristics of vegetation coverage; b) According to the land use survey results, compile a land use status map, and make statistics on the land use types and areas within the evaluation scope; c) According to the survey results of species and habitats, analyze the distribution characteristics of species within the evaluation range, the population status of important species, and the status of habitats. quality, connectivity, degree of fragmentation, etc., compiling distribution maps of important species and important habitats, migration and migration of migratory and migratory species Tour itinerary; if it involves national key protected wild animals and plants, critically endangered and endangered species, the model can be used to simulate the suitable habitat of the species Distribution, illustrating the spatial relationship between engineering and species habitat distribution; d) According to the survey results of the ecosystem, compile a distribution map of ecosystem types, and make statistics on the types and areas of ecosystems within the scope of evaluation; Combined with the survey results of regional ecological problems, analyze the structure and function of the ecosystem within the scope of evaluation and the overall change trend; Where terrestrial ecosystems are involved, indicators such as biomass, productivity, and ecosystem service functions can be used for evaluation; For lakes and wetland ecosystems, indicators such as the biological integrity index can be used for evaluation; e) If ecologically sensitive areas are involved, analyze their ecological status, protection status and existing problems; identify and map ecologically sensitive areas and their main To protect the positional relationship between objects, functional divisions and projects; f) Species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, Simpson dominance index, etc. can be used for evaluation Species diversity within the range was assessed. 7.4.2 Qualitative description or quantitative indicators such as area and proportion can be used for the third-level evaluation, focusing on the status of land use, vegetation, etc. within the evaluation scope. Analyze the status quo, wild animals and plants, etc., and compile maps such as land use status maps, vegetation type maps, and ecological protection target distribution maps. 7.4.3 For reconstruction, expansion and phased implementation of construction projects, the actual ecological impacts of existing projects and previously implemented projects shall be dealt with, and the measures that have been taken shall be Evaluate the effectiveness and existing problems of ecological protection measures. 7.4.4 The evaluation of marine ecological status shall also meet the requirements of GB/T 19485.

8 Ecological Impact Prediction and Evaluation

8.1 General requirements 8.1.1 The content of ecological impact prediction and evaluation should correspond to the content of the current situation evaluation, according to the characteristics of the construction project and the protection of regional biodiversity Requirements and ecosystem functions, etc., are selected to evaluate predictors. 8.1.2 Prediction and evaluation of ecological impacts Use quantitative methods to describe and analyze as much as possible. See Appendix C for prediction and evaluation methods of ecological impacts. 8.2 Contents and requirements of ecological impact prediction and evaluation 8.2.1 For the first-level and second-level evaluations, all or part of the following contents shall be selected for predictive evaluation according to the current situation evaluation content. a) Use the graphic overlay method to analyze the vegetation type, area and proportion occupied by the project; by causing surface subsidence or changing surface runoff, If the groundwater level, soil physical and chemical properties, etc. have an impact on the vegetation, the ecological mechanism analysis method, the analogy analysis method, etc. shall be used. Analysis of changes in species composition and community structure of plant communities; b) Predict and analyze changes in the distribution, population, and habitat conditions of important species in combination with the impact of the project; analyze the construction activities The impact of noise and lights generated by movement and operation on important species; for migratory and migratory species, analyze engineering construction and transportation The blocking effect of the movement on the migration and migratory behavior; involving the national key protected wild animals and plants, critically endangered and endangered species, can be used Habitat evaluation methods predict and analyze the distribution and area changes of suitable habitats for species, and the degree of habitat fragmentation. The suitable habitat distribution of the species after application; c) Predict and analyze aquatic habitat quality, Connectivity and changes in important habitats such as spawning grounds, feeding grounds, and wintering grounds, illustrating important aquatic habitats after the implementation of the construction project Habitat distribution; combined with habitat change prediction and analysis of species composition, population structure, resource time and space of important aquatic organisms such as fish changes in distribution, etc.; d) Use the graphic overlay method to analyze the type, area and proportion of the ecosystem occupied by the project; combine biomass, productivity, ecosystem Predict and analyze the impact of construction projects on the ecosystem of changes in functions; e) Combined with the main ways of introducing alien species, the biological characteristics of species and the characteristics of regional ecological environment in combination with project construction and operation, refer to HJ 624 Analysis of the risk that the implementation of construction projects may lead to ecological hazards caused by alien species; f) Combined with changes in species, habitats and ecosystems, analyze the impact of construction projects on biodiversity in the region; The ecological impacts of the project through cumulative action in time or space, such as habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation, ecosystem system degradation, biodiversity decline, etc.; g) If it involves ecologically sensitive areas, carry out prediction evaluation in combination with the main protection objects; if it involves natural landscapes and natural relics as the main protection When the object is an ecologically sensitive area, analyze the impact of engineering construction on the integrity of landscape and relics, and combine engineering buildings, structures or Layout and design of other facilities, analysis of coordination with landscape and relics. 8.2.2 The three-level evaluation can use the graphic overlay method, ecological mechanism...

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