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GBZ17625.14-2017: Electromagnetic compatibility -- Limits -- Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, inter-harmonics, voltage fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing installations to LV power systems
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Electromagnetic compatibility -- Limits -- Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, inter-harmonics, voltage fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing installations to LV power systems
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GB/Z 17625.14-2017
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/Z 17625.14-2017 (GB/Z17625.14-2017) | | Description (Translated English) | Electromagnetic compatibility -- Limits -- Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, inter-harmonics, voltage fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing installations to LV power systems | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | L06 | | Classification of International Standard | 33.100.10 | | Word Count Estimation | 82,860 | | Date of Issue | 2017-11-01 | | Date of Implementation | 2018-05-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement 2017 No. 29 | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | GBZ17625.14-2017: Electromagnetic compatibility -- Limits -- Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, inter-harmonics, voltage fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing installations to LV power systems
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GB /Z 17625.14-2017
Electromagnetic compatibility - Limits - Assessment of emission limits for harmonics, inter-harmonics, voltage fluctuations and unbalance for the connection of disturbing installations to LV power systems
ICS 33.100.10
L06
National Standardization Guiding Technical Document of the People's Republic of China
Electromagnetic compatibility limit disturbance device connected to low voltage
Evaluation of emission limits for power system harmonics, interharmonics, voltage fluctuations and unbalance
2017-11-01 released
2018-05-01 Implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Issued by China National Standardization Administration
Table of contents
Preface Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 2
3 Terms and definitions 3
4 Basic EMC concepts 8
4.1 Overview 8
4.2 Compatibility level 8
4.2.1 Overview 8
4.2.2 Harmonics 9
4.2.3 Interharmonics 9
4.2.4 Voltage fluctuation 10
4.2.5 Unbalance 10
4.3 Planning level 10
4.3.1 Indicator value of planning level 10
4.3.2 Evaluation procedures based on planning level 10
4.4 EMC concept description 11
4.5 Emission level 12
5 General principles 13
5.1 Overview 13
5.2 Stage 1.Simplified assessment of harassment emissions 13
5.3 Stage 2.Emission limits related to actual system characteristics 13
5.4 Stage 3.Conditionally accept higher emission levels 13
5.5 Liability 14
6 General guidelines for the assessment of emission levels 14
6.1 Evaluation points 14
6.2 Concept of emission levels 15
6.3 Operating conditions 15
6.4 System impedance characteristics 15
7 General Superposition Law 16
7.1 Overview 16
7.2 Harmonics 16
7.3 Flicker and rapid voltage changes 16
7.4 Voltage imbalance 17
8 Harmonic emission limits of distortion devices in low-voltage systems 17
8.1 Phase 1.Simplified assessment of harassment emissions 17
8.2 Stage 2.Emission limits related to actual system characteristics 18
8.2.1 Overview 18
8.2.2 Distribution of total emission value among user devices 18
8.2.3 Single emission limit 19
8.2.4 Alternatives to Phase 2 20
8.3 Stage 3.Conditionally accept higher emission levels 20
8.4 Emission limits of interharmonics 21
9 Voltage fluctuation emission limits for devices in low-voltage systems 21
9.1 Stage 1.Simplified assessment of harassment emissions 21
9.2 Stage 2.Emission limits related to actual system characteristics 21
9.2.1 Overview 21
9.2.2 Distribution of total emission value among user devices 22
9.2.3 Single emission limit 22
9.3 Stage 3.Conditionally accept higher emission levels 23
9.4 Rapid voltage changes 23
9.4.1 General considerations 23
9.4.2 Emission limits 24
10 Unbalanced emission limits for unbalanced devices in low-voltage systems 24
10.1 Overview 24
10.2 Stage 1.Simplified assessment of harassment emissions 24
10.3 Stage 2.Emission limits related to actual system characteristics 24
10.3.1 Overview 24
10.3.2 Distribution of the total emission value among unbalanced sources 25
10.3.3 Single emission limit 25
10.4 Stage 3.Conditionally accept higher emission levels 27
11 Evaluation block diagram 27
Appendix A (informative appendix) Calculation examples of general methods for deriving specific types of low-voltage power grid limits 31
Appendix B (informative appendix) Calculation example of general calculation method of emission limit of specific device 41
Appendix C (informative appendix) Phase 2 harmonic emission limits 45
Appendix D (informative appendix) Calculating the attenuation coefficient of harmonics and unbalance 55
Appendix E (informative appendix) Calculation example of the third stage harmonic emission limit allocation method 64
Appendix F (informative appendix) Application examples of the methods described in Appendix E 68
Appendix G (informative appendix) List of main letter symbols, subscripts and symbols 72
Reference 75
Electromagnetic compatibility limit disturbance device connected to low voltage
Power system harmonics, interharmonics, voltage fluctuations and
Unbalanced emission limit assessment
1 Scope
The principle guide provided in this part of "Electromagnetic Compatibility Limits" can be used as a guide for determining the requirements for the connection of disturbance devices to low-voltage public power systems.
basis. For this section, disturbance devices refer to disturbances (including harmonics and/or interharmonics, voltage flicker and/or rapid voltage changes, and/or
Or voltage imbalance) device (load or power generation device). The main purpose of this part is to provide the engineering practice of the system operator or owner
Guidance in order to provide sufficient quality of service for all connected user devices. In terms of devices, this section is not intended to replace the emission limit standards for equipment.
Note 1.The low voltage in this section refers to Un≤1kV.
This part discusses the allocation of system capacity for absorbing harassment. It does not discuss how to mitigate harassment, nor does it involve how to increase system capacity.
This section only applies to devices connected to low-voltage public power systems that supply (or may supply) other low-voltage loads or devices. This part
Mainly for large-scale installations exceeding a certain minimum capacity. The minimum capacity (Smin) is specified by the system operator or owner according to the system characteristics.
Note 2.Due to the minimum capacity limitation, this section usually does not apply to residential user devices.
The purpose of this section is not to specify emission limits for a single device connected to a low-voltage system. Existing applicable IEC product standards
Specifies emission limits for low-voltage equipment. These standards determine emission limits based on the assumption that disturbances are generated in devices connected to the power supply system
The number, type and purpose of the equipment are based on the reference impedance given in IEC 60725, which is considered a representative small house
Device power impedance. This assumption may not apply to large low-voltage installations, therefore, this section provides a method for determining emission limits for large installations.
Note 3.Compliance with the emission limit determined by the method in this section does not exempt the obligation to comply with the emission limit requirements of the relevant equipment in the relevant national or regional regulations.
This section deals with low-frequency conducted disturbances generated by low-voltage devices. The harassment considered is.
---Harmonics and interharmonics;
---Flicker and rapid voltage changes;
---Unbalance (negative sequence component).
Since the guidelines outlined in this section are based on some simplified assumptions, there is no guarantee that this method will always provide
The best solution should be judged from the engineering perspective and used flexibly and reasonably when using the given evaluation procedure in whole or in part.
The system operator or owner is responsible for specifying the requirements for the connection of the harassment device to the system. The harassment device should be understood as the whole of the user
Device (i.e. including harassment and non-harassment part).
This section provides recommended procedures for establishing emission limits for large low-voltage installations. To enable any grid operator or owner to fully apply this section
For points, experts may need to obtain applicable factors for specific types of low-voltage operating grids.
Note 4.In some cases, simplifying the emission limits by drawing a set of tables for all low-voltage power grids may make the limits too conservative.
The main content of this section gives general procedures for the distribution of harmonics, voltage fluctuations and unbalanced emission limits for large installations connected to low-voltage power grids.
The appendix to this section gives additional information, in particular.
---Appendix A gives examples of power distribution experts or technical application in accordance with national regulations, so as to use general methods according to specific network
The network characteristics derive its own limits.
---Appendix B gives examples of application of specific devices connected by distribution operators based on the local parameters of the low-voltage power grid.
4.2.4 Voltage fluctuation
IEC 61000-4-15 provides two quantities for characterizing the severity of flicker. Pst ("st" means "short-term". a value is obtained every 10 minutes) and
Plt ("lt" means "long-term". a value is obtained every 2h). Flicker-related voltage quality standards are generally expressed by Pst and/or Plt, and Plt is usually
According to a set of 12 consecutive Pst values, as shown in equation (2).
In this section, it is also assumed that the flicker meter and related severity factors have been modified to make it suitable for the type of incandescent lamp in use (e.g.,
120V or 230V), so that regardless of the voltage of the incandescent lamp, the flicker limit remains unchanged. This is very important, because with 230V
Compared with incandescent lamps, 120V incandescent lamps are less sensitive to voltage fluctuations, and 100V incandescent lamps are less sensitive to voltage fluctuations.
Under normal circumstances, the rapid voltage change value is limited to 3% of the nominal supply voltage of the low-voltage system. However, occasionally on the public power supply network
There will be more than 3% voltage change (see IEC 61000-2-2).
4.2.5 Unbalance
The compatibility level of voltage unbalance of low-voltage system given in IEC 61000-2-2 is that the ratio of negative sequence component to positive sequence component is not more than 2%.
In some areas, especially when large single-phase loads are connected, the compatibility level may be as high as 3%.
Note 1.It is also worth noting that the above compatibility level refers to the steady-state thermal effect of voltage imbalance. Higher values may be recorded in the short term (e.g. short circuit
100% voltage imbalance), but these short-term high imbalances do not necessarily have a significant heating effect on the equipment.
Note 2.The requirements for unbalance protection in the device should consider the compatibility level and instantaneous unbalance effects.
Note 3.The 3% compatibility level generally occurs on low-voltage and medium-voltage networks that supply power to smaller devices through single-phase (or interphase) connections.
4.3 Planning level
4.3.1 Indicator value of planning level
These values can be used for planning purposes to assess the impact of all disturbing devices on the power supply system. System operators or owners for all systems
The voltage level determines the relevant planning levels and regards these planning levels as its internal quality targets.
The planning level is equal to or lower than the compatibility level, and coordination of disturbance levels between different voltage levels should be allowed. Consider voltage characteristics
(See note below), resonance, etc. It may be reasonable to set some margin between the planning level and the compatibility level. The level of planning depends on the system
Structure and environment, depending on the situation, can not give a fixed value (see 4.2 for compatibility level).
Note. In some countries, there are voltage characteristics of quasi-guaranteed level (for example, 66kV). These characteristics should be coordinated with the planning level. When considering these,
Consider the nature of the system.
The remainder of this section outlines the procedures for using these planning levels to determine emission limits for individual user disturbance devices.
4.3.2 Evaluation procedures based on planning level
The measurement method used is the Type A measurement method defined in IEC 61000-4-30.The number marked according to the standard should be removed from the evaluation
according to. For the sake of clarity, if labeled data is available, only valid (unlabeled) data is used to calculate the percentile used for the calculation of the indicators defined below.
For rapid voltage changes, there is no standardized measurement method. Therefore, it is recommended that the evaluation procedure used in this case be based on the measured average
The change of root voltage value, and only consider the power frequency component with the transient component removed. In fact, the shortest possible multi-period window should be used to avoid
Avoid artificially smoothing out the expected rms fundamental frequency voltage change.
For each type of harassment, the smallest measurement period is a week of normal business activities. The monitoring cycle should include the expected maximum
Disturb some parts of the horizontal period.
One or more of the following indicators can be used to compare the actual harassment level with the planned level. More than one pointer may be required for the planning level
In order to evaluate the impact of higher emission levels allowed in a shorter time (for example, burst or start state).
For harmonic voltage, the indicators are as follows.
---Uh,sh (10min "short" period single harmonic root mean square value) weekly 95% probability value should not exceed the planned level.
---Uh, vs (3s "very short" period single harmonic component root mean square value) maximum daily 99% probability value should not exceed the planning level multiplied by
Equation (1) gives the coefficient khvs involving the extremely short-term effects of harmonics.
Note 1.Depending on the application, it is usually measured up to the 40th or 50th harmonic.
For flicker, the indices Pst and Plt are as follows.
---The weekly 95% probability value of Pst should not exceed the planned level.
--- The weekly 99% probability value of Pst should not exceed the planned level multiplied by the system operator or owner according to the system and load characteristics.
Coefficient (for example. 1~1.5).
---The weekly 95% probability value of Plt should not exceed the planned level.
Note 2.Possible abnormal results should be excluded (for example, due to voltage sags or other transients). It is also recommended to use a sliding window to change each new Pst value
Incorporate into the revised Plt calculation, that is, replace the oldest Pst measurement result with the latest Pst value every 10 min. The proposed Plt calculation program
144 Plt values are generated every day. In some cases, it may be necessary to post-process the Pst output result of the flicker meter.
For rapid voltage changes, because of its low frequency of occurrence, statistical indicators are not considered. Therefore, the maximum value of the rapid voltage change is not
Should exceed the planned level. However, high values caused by abnormal disturbances (such as malfunctions or abnormal switching operations) should be excluded from the evaluation.
For voltage imbalance, the indicators are as follows.
---ush (10min "short" period of fundamental frequency voltage imbalance) weekly 95% probability value should not exceed the planned level.
--- The daily 99% probability value of uvs (3s "very short" period fundamental frequency voltage imbalance) should not exceed the planned level multiplied by the system operation
The coefficient specified by the business or owner based on the characteristics of the system and load and its protection devices (for example. 1.25~2).
Note 3.According to IEC 61000-4-30, when evaluating voltage unbalance, only the positive sequence and negative sequence components of the fundamental frequency are used (harmonics should be removed because some negative sequence
Harmonics will change the measurement results).
4.4 EMC concept description
The basic concepts of planning level and compatibility level are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.They are designed to emphasize important relationships between basic variables.
In the entire power system, a certain level of interference will inevitably occur on certain occasions. Therefore, the disturbance level and immunity level distribution
There will be a risk of overlap (see Figure 1). Usually the planning level is equal to or lower than the compatibility level; the planning level is determined by the system operator or
Owner's regulations. The immunity test level is determined according to relevant standards or the result of negotiation between the manufacturer and the user.
As shown in Figure 2, the probability distribution of the disturbance level and immunity level at any site is usually greater than that of the entire power system.
The cloth is so narrow that there is little or no overlap in the distribution of disturbance levels and immunity levels in most locations. Therefore, usually interfere
It is not a major concern, and it is expected that the equipment will operate in compliance with the requirements. Therefore, compared with the situation shown in Figure 1, it is more likely to satisfy
Electromagnetic compatibility.
4.5 Emission level
The coordination method proposed in this section relies on the single emission level derived from the planning level. Therefore, in accordance with the emission limit and planned water
When evaluating actual measurement results, the same indicators should be used.
One or more of the following indicators can be used to compare actual emission levels with user emission limits. To evaluate shorter time (e.g.
The impact of higher emission levels allowed within the dynamic state may require more than one indicator.
For harmonic emission, the indicators are as follows.
---Uh,sh (or Ih,sh) (10min "short" period single harmonic root mean square value) weekly 95% probability value should not exceed the emission limit
EUhi (or EIhi).
---Uh, vs (or Ih, vs) (3s "very short" period single harmonic component root mean square value) daily 99% probability value should not exceed the emission limit
Multiply the coefficient khvs given by equation (1).
For flicker emission, the indicators are as follows.
---The weekly 95% probability value of Pst should not exceed the emission limit EPsti.
--- The weekly 99% probability value of Pst should not exceed the emission limit EPsti multiplied by the system operator or owner according to the system and load characteristics.
Set coefficient (for example, 1~1.5).
---The weekly 95% probability value of Plt should not exceed the emission limit EPlti.
For rapid voltage changes, because of its low frequency of occurrence, statistical indicators are not considered. Therefore, the maximum value (including
Including frequency) should not exceed the emission limit. However, abnormal disturbances (such as malfunctions or abnormal switch operations) should be excluded from the assessment
The high value.
For unbalanced launch, the indicators are as follows.
---u2sh or i2sh (10min "short" period of fundamental frequency voltage or current imbalance) weekly 95% probability value should not exceed the launch
Limit Eu2i (or Ei2i);
---u2vs or i2vs (3s "very short" period of fundamental frequency voltage or current imbalance) 99% probability value should not exceed the emission limit
The value is multiplied by the coefficient specified by the system operator or owner according to the characteristics of the system and load and its protection devices (for example, 1.25~2).
In order to compare the disturbance emission level of the user device with the emission limit, the minimum measurement period should be one week. However, it may also
A shorter measurement period is needed to evaluate the emission under specific conditions. This shorter period should reflect a longer evaluation period
(Ie a week) expected operating conditions. In any case, the measurement period must have sufficient duration to capture the most anticipated occurrence.
High levels of harassment emission. If any disturbance emission is controlled by a large device, the measurement period should be long enough to capture the device to
At least two complete operating cycles. If the launch is caused by the superposition of several devices, the measurement period should be at least one running round.
The measurement method used is the Type A measurement method defined in IEC 61000-4-30.The number marked according to the standard should be removed from the evaluation
according to. For the sake of clarity, if there is labeled data, only valid (unlabeled) data is used to calculate the percentile used for the calculation of the indicators defined above.
For harmonics, when the analyzed signal changes rapidly (for example, the current caused by an arc), the (inter) described in IEC 61000-4-7 should be used
Measurement of harmonic groups and subgroups, not harmonic components.
For rapid voltage changes, there is no standardized measurement method. Therefore, it is recommended that the evaluation procedure used in this case be based on the measured average
The change of root voltage value, and only consider the power frequency component with the transient component removed. In fact, the shortest possible multi-period window should be used to avoid
Avoid artificially smoothing the change of the required fundamental frequency voltage root mean square value.
For each type of harassment, the emission level of the harassment device is the harassment level evaluated according to the other instructions given in Chapter 6.
5 General principles
5.1 Overview
The recommended method for setting the emission limit of the disturbance device depends on the protocol capacity of the user device and system characteristics. The purpose is to limit all harassment
The disturbance level introduced by the device will not cause the voltage disturbance level to exceed the planned level. The assessment is divided into 3 stages, which can be carried out sequentially or independently
get on.
5.2 Stage 1.Simplified assessment of harassment emissions
Generally, users are allowed to install small devices without the need for system operators or owners to conduct special harassment emission assessments. In general,
The manufacturer is responsible for limiting the emission level of such devices. For example, IEC 61000-3-2 and IEC 61000-3-12 (for harmonics) to
And IEC 61000-3-11 and IEC 61000-3-3 (for voltage fluctuations) are product standards, which specify the equipment connected to low-voltage systems.
The emission limit of the equipment. For small installations, such as residential apartments, system operators or owners can rely on these emission limits for individual devices.
Value, to comply with the requirements of the planning level.
For larger installations, system operators or owners should pay more attention to ensure that they do not exceed the planned level. However, it is still possible
It is necessary to determine the quasi-automatic acceptance conservative criterion for the low-voltage system disturbance device. Indeed, if the total disturbance load or user agreement capacity
For the short-circuit capacity of the assessment point is small, there is no need to evaluate the disturbance emission level in detail.
In Chapter 8~Chapter 10, the specific criteria for the implementation of the first stage evaluation are formulated.
5.3 Stage 2.Emission limits related to actual system characteristics
If a device does not meet the criteria of the first stage, the specific characteristics of the disturbance device and the absorptive capacity of the system should be evaluated together.
For each type of harassment, the system's absorptive capacity is obtained from the planning level, and is allocated to a single unit according to its demand relative to the overall system capacity.
On the user device. When assigning the planning level to a single user device, it should also consider the transmission from the upper voltage level of the power supply system to the low voltage
Level of harassment level.
The principle of this method is that if the system operates under its full design capacity, and the access harassment of all user devices reaches its single limit
When considering the transfer coefficient between different parts of the system and the superimposed effect of various disturbance loads, the overall disturbance level should be equal to the planned water level.
level. The procedures for assigning planning levels to individual devices are described in Chapters 8 to 10.
5.4 Stage 3.Conditionally accept higher emission levels
In some cases, system operators or owners may accept harassment devices that exceed the basic limit allowed in stage 2.
Especially when the limits of stage 2 are general limits derived from typical but conservati...
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