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GB/T 9989.5-2015: Vitreous and porcelain enamels -- Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion -- Part 5: Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion in closed systems
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Vitreous and porcelain enamels -- Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion -- Part 5: Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion in closed systems
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GB/T 9989.5-2015
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 9989.5-2015 (GB/T9989.5-2015) | | Description (Translated English) | Vitreous and porcelain enamels -- Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion -- Part 5: Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion in closed systems | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Y26 | | Classification of International Standard | 25.220.50 | | Word Count Estimation | 15,163 | | Date of Issue | 2015-10-09 | | Date of Implementation | 2016-05-01 | | Quoted Standard | ISO 649-1; ISO 3696 | | Adopted Standard | ISO 28706-5-2010, IDT | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement 2015 No.31 | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Standard specifies the determination of the acid resistance of enamel products in a closed system, neutral and alkaline solutions, and test methods for mixing liquid erosion actual process agreed. This Standard is mainly used to test the performance of the enamel used in chemical processing (process) in. | GB/T 9989.5-2015: Vitreous and porcelain enamels -- Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion -- Part 5: Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion in closed systems
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(Determination of resistance to chemical erosion of enamel - Part 5. Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion in closed systems)
ICS 25.220.50
Y26
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Determination of enamel resistant to chemical attack
Part 5. Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion in closed systems
Part 5. Determinationofresistancetochemicalcorrosioninclosedsystems
(ISO 28706-5.2010, IDT)
Issued on. 2015-10-09
2016-05-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Table of Contents
Preface Ⅰ
Introduction Ⅱ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Principle 1
4 device 1
5 Sample 2
6 Step 3
The results are shown 3 7
8 hydrochloric acid autoclave (pot) test 4
9 hot sodium hydroxide solution Test 5
6 10 simulated test solution
11 process fluid test 6
Appendix A (informative) Notes 8
Reference 9
Foreword
GB/T 9989 "Determination of enamel resistant to chemical attack" is divided into five parts.
--- Part 1. Determination of acid erosion at room temperature;
--- Part 2. resistant to boiling acids, boiling neutral liquids and their vapors Determination of chemical attack;
--- Part 3. Hexagonal alkali solution container was measured erosion;
--- Part 4. a cylindrical container with a solution of alkali was measured erosion;
--- Part 5. Determination of resistance to chemical attack in a closed system.
This part of GB/T 9989 Part 5.
This section drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules.
This section uses the translation method identical with ISO 28706-5.2010 Determination of chemical attack "enamel resistance - Part 5. in a closed system
Determination of resistance to chemical attack "(in English).
Consistency correspondence between this part of international documents and normative references of our files are as follows.
Laboratory use specifications and test methods (. 1987, MOD ISO 3696) --- GB/T 6682-2008 analysis.
This part is proposed by the China National Light Industry Council.
This part of the National food in direct contact with materials and products Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC397) centralized.
This section is drafted. Donghua University, the National Optical glass enamels Quality Supervision and Inspection Center.
The main drafters of this section. Dai Qi, Sang Yi, Zhang Guoxiu, Xu Xiaojian.
Introduction
Aqueous solution of enamel and enamel erosion is a process of dissolution. Enamel main component is silica, it forms a three-dimensional silica
Salt network, formed by the hydrolysis of silicic acid or silicates, silicic acid or silicates dissolve these to erode medium. Other components (mainly gold
Metal oxide) will be hydrolyzed to form the corresponding metal hydroxide or hydroxide ions. All the products are eroded more or less to dissolve
Aggressive medium, the whole process will lead to erosion of material per unit area of \u200b\u200bweightlessness.
Some erosion and water erosion of the enamel surface was linear with time; there are also some erosion of the enamel surface water
Erosion time logarithmic relationship. Only water erosion linear relationship, you can use the scientific method to accurately calculate the weight loss per unit area
Rate [g/(m2 · h)], and the erosion rate (mm/a).
Effect of water on the surface of enamel erosion is the most important factor enamel mass, temperature and pH. Limited solubility of silica
Also played a certain extent. Here are erosion under different conditions in different types of enamel erosion.
a) at a temperature of 80 ℃, similar to 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide alkaline solution (see GB/T 9989.4, Chapter 9), enamel
Silicate network by a greater erosion, silicates and most other components are dissolved in an alkaline hydrolysis solution, the amount of erosion
And the test time is linear, and therefore, the test results can be (per unit area and per unit of time with weight loss rate per unit area of
Weightlessness) and erosion rate (mm/a) to represent.
b) at room temperature, similar to the citric acidic solution (see GB/T 9989.1, Chapter 9) or similar strong sulfuric acid solution
Liquid (see GB T 9989.1, Chapter/Section 10), enamel silicate network by the small erosion in the enamel deposited on the surface in addition to two
Other than the silicon oxide component is limited. After high acid test by enamel, the enamel surface was not observed significant changes. and
After the acid test by poor enamel, the enamel surface will produce signs of erosion or rendered rough.
c) boiling in an acidic solution (see GB/T 9989.2), enamel silicate network eroded, silica and other enamel
Components are dissolved into the solution, but lower the solubility of silica in the acidic solution. Erosion solution will be dissolved dioxide
Silicon quickly saturated, there is deposited only on the enamel surface. Acid erosion will be inhibited, significantly decreased the rate of erosion.
Note. The test apparatus under glass in an acid attack will release silicate, also play a role in suppressing erosion.
In the gas phase experiments, the condensate formed in the surface of the sample does not contain any dissolved components of the enamel, effectively preventing such corrosion inhibition
Role.
The following are examples of non-linear enamel erosion and linear erosion.
1) boiling citric acid (see GB/T 9989.2, Chapter 10) and 30% boiling sulfuric acid (see GB/T 9989.2, Chapter 11)
Since the gas phase containing only trace amounts of acid, usually only test phase. Inhibitory Effect of acid erosion, and
And the amount of erosion depends on the time trial, so the test results with weight loss per unit area is represented; it can not be calculated
Weight loss rate per unit area.
Boiling hydrochloric acid (see GB/T 9989.2, Chapter 122) 20%)
Since this is an azeotropic boiling acid concentration in the liquid phase and gas phase are the same, so no liquid phase test
Experience. Intense boiling provides no inhibitory aggregates, the amount of time and erosion test is linear, because
Here, the test results for the weight loss rate per unit area (weight loss per unit area and per unit time) and the erosion rate
(Mm/a) to represent.
d) test liquid (see GB/T 9989.5) at high temperature and pressure conditions, the acidic solution is severe erosion. To avoid production
Health inhibition test time is limited to 24h, the higher the rate of acid erosion of enamel surface (simulation in a chemical reaction vessel
In addition, under these conditions the test conditions), with only a low silicon content of the aqueous test solution was prepared, and erosion test
Room was a linear relationship. Thus, 20% hydrochloric acid (see GB/T 9989.5, Chapter 8), simulation test solution (see GB/T 9989.5,
Chapter 10) or process fluid (see GB/T 9989.5, Chapter 11) The test results can follow weight loss rate per unit area
(Weight loss per unit area and per unit time) to represent.
e) in boiling water (see GB/T 9989.2, Chapter 13), the silicate network is very stable. Enamel surface to penetrate the main
Lord, the amount of dissolved silica is very limited. Such erosion can be represented by a gas attack, in the liquid phase for high corrosion resistance
Enamel, anti-erosion ability. But if the enamel chemical stability tests are relatively poor, the enamel surface will have an alkali metal ion analysis
Out, thereby increasing the pH value of the solution, it increases the erosion of the liquid, so that liquid and vapor are able to get useful information.
f) due to erosion may be linear or non-linear, the test results for weight loss per unit area is represented, and the test should be given
time.
g) For the standard detergent solution Test time 24h or 168h (see GB/T 9989.3, Chapter 9) test, because you can not really
Whether a given erosion curve is linear, so can not be included in the test report erosion rate calculations.
h) For other acidic solution (see GB/T 9989.2, Chapter 14) and an alkaline solution (see GB/T 9989.3, Chapter 10
GB T 9989.4, Chapter/Section 10), because during the test did not know whether the erosion rate is linear, so in this standard
The test report can not contain the erosion rate calculations.
For the firing temperature is lower than 700 ℃ enamel material, GB/T 9989 test parameters (medium, temperature and time) is not appropriate for
In this type of enamel (such as aluminum enamel) should use other media, temperature, and (or) time. These tests can under Part 1 GB/T 9989 of
Points, Part 2, Part 3 "Additional test solution" and Part 4 of the procedure described for.
Determination of enamel resistant to chemical attack
Part 5. Determination of resistance to chemical corrosion in closed systems
Warning. If you do not take adequate security measures, GB/T 9989 this part of chemicals and (or) the steps required for use, maybe
It will be detrimental to health. This section GB/T 9989 does not address any health hazards involved in this section, safety or environmental issues. use
GB/T 9989 this part of the Notes should be developed for health, safety and environmentally acceptable, and our compliance with the relevant regulations and international
set. Comply with GB/T 9989 This part can not serve as the legal basis for exemption.
1 Scope
This section provides a mixture of determination of the acid resistance of enamel products in a closed system, the neutral and alkaline solutions, as well as the actual process agreed
Test method body erosion.
This method is mainly used to test the performance of the enamel used in chemical processing (process) in.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein
Member. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
ISO 649-1 Laboratory glassware Universal hydrometer - Part 1. Specification (Laboratoryglassware-Density
hydrometersforgeneralpurposes-Part 1. Specification)
ISO 3696 for analytical laboratory use specifications and test methods (Waterforanalyticallaboratoryuse-Specification
andtestmethods)
Principle 3
Under specified conditions, the enamel sample is placed in the autoclave, the normal boiling point of the liquid in the erosion be more aggressive.
Determination of weight loss, and calculated the rate of weight loss per unit area.
4 Device
Warning --- test container may be a pressure vessel, the use of this standard should be developed with the health, safety and environmental precautions to adapt
Item, and compliance with our country and international regulations concerning the safe use of the pressure vessel.
4.1 Test container
4.1.1 Design
The test solution volume V, in units of cm3, enamel erosion area A, in units of cm2, at 20 ℃, the volume ratio of the area should be
V/A = 40cm ± 2cm. When the ambient temperature is 18 ℃ ~ 28 ℃ when, in a closed container, the height of filling solution should ensure that at least
20% of the space for gas, for the size of the test equipment should be selected and adapted to the test sample.
NOTE. Several enamel samples can be placed in the same test vessel, and at the same test.
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