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GB/T 9239.2-2025: Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 2: Vocabulary
Status: Valid GB/T 9239.2: Evolution and historical versions
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Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 2: Vocabulary
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GB/T 9239.2-2025
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| GB/T 9239.2-2006 | English | 719 |
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Mechanical vibration -- Balance quality requirements for rotors in a constant (rigid) state -- Part 2: Balance errors
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GB/T 9239.2-2006
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 9239.2-2025 (GB/T9239.2-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 2: Vocabulary | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J04 | | Classification of International Standard | 21.120.40 | | Word Count Estimation | 31,360 | | Date of Issue | 2025-06-30 | | Date of Implementation | 2026-01-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 6444-2008 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 9239.2-2025: Mechanical vibration - Rotor balancing - Part 2: Vocabulary---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT9239.2-2025
ICS 21.120.40
CCSJ04
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Replaces GB/T 6444-2008
Mechanical vibrations - Rotor balancing - Part 2.Vocabulary
(ISO 21940-2.2017, IDT)
Released on June 30, 2025
Implementation on January 1, 2026
State Administration for Market Regulation
The National Standardization Administration issued
Table of Contents
Preface III
Introduction V
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
3.1 Mechanics 1
3.2 Rotor system 2
3.3 Imbalance 4
3.4 Balance 6
3.5 Balancing Machine 8
Appendix A (Informative) Balancing Machine Terminology Diagram 11
A.1 Overview 11
A.2 Terminology Diagram 11
Reference 20
Index 21
Preface
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents"
Drafting.
This document is Part 2 of GB/T 9239 Mechanical Vibration Rotor Balancing. GB/T 9239 has been published in the following parts.
--- Part 2.Vocabulary;
--- Part 11.Balancing methods and tolerances for rigid rotors;
--- Part 12.Balancing methods and tolerances for rotors with flexible characteristics;
--- Part 13.Criteria and safety precautions for field balancing of large and medium-sized rotors;
--- Part 14.Procedure for evaluating balance errors;
--- Part 21.Description and evaluation of balancing machines;
--- Part 23.Protective covers and other protective measures for measuring stations of balancing machines;
--- Part 31.Machine imbalance variability and imbalance sensitivity;
--- Part 32.Key criteria for balance between shafts and mating parts.
This document replaces GB/T 6444-2008 "Vocabulary for Mechanical Vibration Balance". Compared with GB/T 6444-2008, except for the structural adjustment and
In addition to editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Deleted the terms "center of mass", "rotor", "overhang", "fully balanced rotor", "local mass eccentricity", "bearing bracket", "foundation", "precision
Rigid rotor", "electrical deviation", "total deviation indication", "isotropic bearing bracket", "quasi-static imbalance", "ultimate imbalance", "unbalance"
Balanced couple", "controlled initial imbalance", "static balance", "dynamic balance", "transposition imbalance", "correction method", "component correction", "polar coordinates
Calibration", "Qualified Limit", "Balance Tolerance", "Mass Centering", "Differential Test Mass", "Differential Unbalance", "Vibration Sensor Plane", "Plan
"Face conversion" and "quarter point" and their definitions (see 3.1, 4.1, 4.9.1, 4.10, 4.12~4.15, 4.19, 4.20,
4.22, 5.7, 5.10, 5.14, 5.17, 6.2~6.7, 6.12, 6.13, 6.16, 6.21, 6.22, 6.24, 6.26, 6.28);
--- Deleted the terms related to balancing equipment "gravity balancing machine", "centrifugal balancing machine", "rotary balancing machine" and "single-plane balancing machine"
"Static balancing machine", "double-sided balancing machine", "dynamic balancing machine", "force balancing machine", "below resonance balancing machine", "resonance balancing machine", "above resonance balancing machine"
Resonance balancing machine", "compensation balancing machine", "zero force balancing machine", "direct reading balancing machine", "rotation diameter", "field balancing equipment", "quantity
Value indicator", "Practical correction unit", "Counterweight", "Phase angle indicator", "Sensitivity switch", "Phase angle reference generator", "Phase angle reference marker
"Vector measurement device" "Component measurement device" "Balancing machine minimum response" "Balancing machine accuracy" "Correction plane interference" "Mutual
Effects”, “Balancing machine sensitivity”, “Plane separation circuit”, “Node network circuit”, “Parasitic mass”, “Permanent calibration”, “Calibration”, “Set
"Station", "Mechanical adjustment", "Self-balancing device", "Process time", "Cycle rate", "Productivity", "Measurement test", "Vertical axis freedom", "Pendulum
"weight", "false unbalance indication", "secondary compensator", "balance bearing", "auxiliary bearing" and their definitions (see 7.2~2008 edition)
July 15, July 17-25, July 29-32, July 34-37, July 43-51);
--- Deleted the terms related to flexible rotors. "(rotor) flexural critical speed", "rigid rotor modal critical speed", "(rotor) flexural main
"Mode shape", "Mode imbalance tolerance", "Frequency vibration", "Thermal imbalance", "Unbalance sensitivity", "Mode function", "Modal mass", "Vibration
"Mode sensitivity", "dimensionless speed (nth order mode)", "mode eccentricity" and their definitions (see 8.1~8.3,.2008 edition,
August 8-10, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22);
--- Deleted the terms and definitions of rotating rigid free bodies, deleted the terms "simulated rotor", "spindle", "heart" and "heart" of balancing machine process equipment
Shaft imbalance offset", "offset mass", "main rotor", "section rod", "calibration rotor" and their definitions (see Chapter 9,.2008 edition,
10.1~10.7);
--- Added the terms "speed", "rigid modal resonance speed", "flexural resonance speed", "rigid body mode", "flexural mode", "nth order flexural resonance speed"
Modal vibration function", "shaft elastic characteristics", "torque imbalance", "correction", "tolerance plane", "unbalance tolerance", "bias imbalance", "shadow
"Sound coefficient" and its definition (see 3.1.2, 3.1.4, 3.1.5, 3.1.9~3.1.11, 3.2.3, 3.3.7, 3.4.6, 3.4.10, 3.412,
3.4.19, 3.4.28);
--- Change "critical speed" to a disallowed term (see 3.1.3, 3.3 of the.2008 edition);
--- Change the term "mode magnification factor" to "modal magnification factor" (see 3.1.12, 8.18 of the.2008 edition);
--- Change the term "slow speed deviation" to "low speed jump" (see 3.2.11, 4.18 of the.2008 edition);
--- Change the term "couple imbalance" to "couple imbalance" (see 3.3.8, 5.8 of the.2008 edition);
--- Change the term "synthetic moment (couple) imbalance" to "synthetic moment imbalance" and "synthetic couple imbalance" (see 3.3.13,
3.3.14, 5.13 of the.2008 edition);
---Change the term “nth-order modal unbalance” to “nth-order modal unbalance” and change “equivalent nth-order modal unbalance” to
Changed to “equivalent nth-order modal imbalance” (see 3.3.16, 3.3.17, 8.6 and 8.7 of the.2008 edition);
--- Change the term "modal balance" to "modal balance" (see 3.4.5, 8.5 of the.2008 edition);
--- Changed the English equivalent of the term "site balance" (see 3.4.14, 6.14 of the.2008 edition);
--- Added the term "step-by-step assembly balance", changed the term "step-by-step balance" to a rejected term, and added the rejected term "sequential balance"
(See 3.4.22, 6.25 of the.2008 edition);
--- Change the term “imbalance sensitivity” to “imbalance variability” (see 3.4.26, 8.13 of the.2008 edition);
--- Change the term "unbalanced couple interference ratio" to "couple unbalanced interference ratio" (see 3.5.6, 7.27 of the.2008 edition).
This document is equivalent to ISO 21940-2.2017 "Mechanical vibration rotor balancing Part 2.Vocabulary".
The following minimal editorial changes have been made to this document.
---Added range note.
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document is proposed and coordinated by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Mechanical Vibration, Shock and Condition Monitoring (SAC/TC53).
This document was drafted by. China Machinery Testing Equipment Co., Ltd., China Machinery Engineering Institute Group Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing
Shuangyuan Tianheng Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Shenke Machinery Co., Ltd., Beijing Qingyun Lean Testing Equipment Co., Ltd., Shenyang University of Technology,
Dalian Zhiding Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Hengwang Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Shenyang Micro-control Flywheel Technology Co., Ltd., Fujian Minliang School of Measurement
Standard Technology Center Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Jizhi Electromechanical Co., Ltd., Shenyang Institute of Technology, China Southern Power Grid Internet Services Co., Ltd., Liaoning University of Science and Technology
Technology University, Dongguan Zhuomao Instrument Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document are. Ren Xia, Ma Weiping, Guo Weijian, Sun Huagang, Lin Dongtao, Sun Feng, Zhang Zhaoyu, Guo Qiang, Yang Wei, Wu Hong, Yu Junqiang,
Zhang Fei, Lin Jun, Yu Shenbo, Cai Yuyuan, Zhao Haining, Dou Lisha.
The previous versions of this document and the documents it replaces are as follows.
--- First published as GB/T 6444-1995 in.1995 and first revised in.2008;
---This is the second revision.
introduction
GB/T 9239 Mechanical Vibration Rotor Balancing explains balance in a general way, using specific terms and definitions to help users choose
Select appropriate balancing methods and provide guidance for the application of balancing technology. It includes most of the standards in the balancing field and is mainly divided into five aspects.
The following sections constitute the framework of the standard. introduction, vocabulary, balancing methods and tolerances, balancing machines, and machine design for balancing.
--- Part 1.Introduction. The purpose is to give the general background of the use of balancing technology in GB/T 9239 and to guide users
Learn about the corresponding parts of the series, including vocabulary, balancing methods and tolerances, balancing machines, and machine design for balancing.
--- Part 2.Vocabulary. The purpose is to define the vocabulary used for balancing, to provide an alphabetical index of balancing vocabulary and a diagram of balancing machine terminology
Solution Guide.
--- Part 11.Balancing methods and tolerances for rigid rotors. The purpose is to give balancing methods and tolerances for rigid rotors.
The permissible residual unbalance value, the necessary number of correction planes, the distribution of the residual unbalance tolerances on the correction planes and how to
Explain errors in the balancing process.
--- Part 12.Balancing methods and tolerances for rotors with flexible characteristics. The purpose is to give balancing methods for flexible rotors
The typical structure of the flexible rotor is given, the balancing requirements based on its own characteristics are specified, and the balancing methods are listed.
The method provides a method for assessing the final equilibrium state and gives guidance on the imbalance tolerance.
--- Part 13.Criteria and safety precautions for field balancing of large and medium-sized rotors. The purpose is to give the criteria and safety precautions for field balancing of large and medium-sized rotors on their own bearings.
The procedures for field balancing in the field are described. The conditions suitable for field balancing, the required instruments, specific safety measures, and reporting and maintenance procedures are described.
Requirements for record protection.
--- Part 14.Procedure for evaluating balance errors. The purpose is to standardize the procedure for evaluating balance errors and to specify the rotor imbalance
Error identification during measurement, evaluation of identified errors and requirement to take errors into account when determining the residual imbalance.
--- Part 21.Description and evaluation of balancing machines. The purpose is to give the requirements for the performance evaluation of balancing machines.
--- Part 23.Protective covers and other protective measures for measuring stations of balancing machines. The purpose is to give protective covers and other protective measures for balancing machines.
The requirements for protective measures are defined, the different levels of protection provided by protective covers and other protective measures are defined, and the scope of application of each level of protection is given.
--- Part 24.Evaluation of the unbalance measurement process. The purpose is to give an assessment of the rotor unbalance measurement process.
--- Part 31.Machine imbalance variability and imbalance sensitivity. The purpose is to give the method to determine the sensitivity of mechanical vibration to imbalance.
A method for evaluating the vibration sensitivity of the load is proposed and a guideline for evaluating the vibration sensitivity when the resonant speed is close to the operating speed is provided.
--- Part 32.Key criteria for balancing shafts and mating parts. The purpose is to give the key-connected rotor assembly when balancing the individual components.
Principles.
Mechanical vibrations - Rotor balancing - Part 2.Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines the terms and definitions of balance and supplements ISO 2041.
NOTE. Appendix A gives an illustration of balancing machine terminology.
2 Normative references
This document has no normative references.
3 Terms and Definitions
3.1 Mechanics
3.1.1
One of three mutually perpendicular axes that intersect at a given point (where the product of inertia of the rigid body is zero).
NOTE. In balancing (3.4.1), the principal axis of inertia is the central principal axis of inertia (one of the three principal axes of inertia) that is approximately coincident with the rotor axis (3.2.7).
[Source. GB/T 2298-2010, 2.34, modified]
3.1.2
Speed
Angular velocity of the rotor.
Note 1.Speed is measured in revolutions per unit time or in degrees (radians).
Note 2.The most commonly used expressions for speed are as follows.
n---speed, the unit is revolutions per minute (r/min);
f---rotation frequency, in revolutions per second (r/s);
Ω---angular velocity, in radians per second (rad/s).
3.1.3
Resonance speed resonancespeed
The characteristic speed at which the system resonates.
NOTE. In equilibrium (3.4.1), the resonant speed is related only to the fundamental frequency component of the vibration.
[Source. GB/T 2298-2010, 3.85, modified]
3.1.4
rigid-body-mode-resonance-speed
The resonant speed (3.1.3) at which the deflection of the rotor is negligible.
3.1.5
The deflection of the rotor cannot be neglected at the resonant speed (3.1.3).
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