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GB/T 36234-2018: Qualification testing of welders for fusion welding on titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys
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Qualification testing of welders for fusion welding on titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys
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GB/T 36234-2018
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 36234-2018 (GB/T36234-2018) | | Description (Translated English) | Qualification testing of welders for fusion welding on titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J33 | | Classification of International Standard | 25.160.10 | | Word Count Estimation | 23,299 | | Date of Issue | 2018-05-14 | | Date of Implementation | 2018-12-01 | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Announcement No. 6 of 2018 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 36234-2018: Qualification testing of welders for fusion welding on titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys
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Qualification testing of welders for fusion welding ontitanium and titanium alloys, zirocnium and zirconium alloys
ICS 25.160.10
J33
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys
Fusion welder skill assessment
(ISO 9606-5.2000, Approvaltestofwelders-Fusionwelding-
Part 5. Titanium andtitaniumaloys, zirconiumandzirconiumaloys, MOD)
Published on.2018-05-14
2018-12-01 implementation
State market supervision and administration
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword III
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 symbols and abbreviations 1
4.1 Overview 1
4.2 Test piece 2
4.3 Welding materials 2
4.4 Other 2
5 Main parameters and scope approval 2
5.1 Overview 2
5.2 Welding method 2
5.3 Types of welds (butt welds and fillet welds) 3
5.4 Base metal 3
5.5 Welding materials 4
5.6 Size 4
5.7 Welding position 4
6 Tests and tests 5
6.1 Supervision 5
6.2 Shape, size and number of test pieces 5
6.3 Welding conditions 8
6.4 Test and test methods 8
6.5 Test piece and sample 8
7 test piece acceptance requirements 10
8 retake exam 10
9 Validity period 10
9.1 Initial recognition 10
9.2 Validity Confirmation 11
9.3 Extension 11
10 Certificate 11
11 welder approval mark 11
Appendix A (informative) Chapter No. Comparison Table 12
Appendix B (informative) The technical differences between this standard and ISO 9606-5.2000 and their causes 13
Appendix C (informative) Welder qualification certificate 14
Appendix D (informative) Example of welder approval mark 15
Appendix E (informative) Expertise 16
Appendix F (informative) Deferred parameters to be confirmed and traceable 18
Appendix G (Informative) Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys Classification Guide 19
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard uses the redrafting method to modify the use of ISO 9606-5.2000 "weld weld test fusion welding part 5. titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium
And zirconium alloy.
Compared with ISO 9606-5.2000, this standard has more adjustments in structure. Appendix A lists this standard and ISO 9606-5.
2000 chapter number comparison list.
There are technical differences between this standard and ISO 9606-5.2000. Appendix B gives the corresponding technical differences and their causes.
Watch list.
This standard has made the following editorial changes.
--- The way of expressing the welding position and the approved range of the base metal has been adjusted to make it clearer, clearer, more reasonable and easier to use;
--- Delete the informative appendix ZA;
--- Added Appendix C (informative appendix) "Welder Qualification Certificate";
--- Added Appendix D (informative appendix) "Example of welder approval mark";
--- Added Appendix F (informative appendix) "Deferred parameters to be confirmed and traceable";
--- Added Appendix G (informative appendix) "Classification of Titanium and Titanium Alloys, Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys";
--- Modified the standard name.
This standard is proposed and managed by the National Welding Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC55).
This standard was drafted. Harbin Welding Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Technology Research Institute, Shanghai installation
Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Harbin Welding Technology Training Center.
The main drafters of this standard. Su Jinhua, Shi Shengfang, Lu Huanjun, Gu Fuming, Xu Lingang.
Titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys
Fusion welder skill assessment
1 Scope
This standard specifies the welder skill assessment method for fusion welding of titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys.
This standard applies to manual and semi-automatic welding operations.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 2653 welded joint bending test method (GB/T 2653-2008, ISO 5173.2000, IDT)
GB/T 3323 metal fusion welding joints radiography (GB/T 3323-2005, EN1435.2003, IDT)
GB/T 3375 welding terminology
GB/T 5185 welding and related process code (GB/T 5185-2005, ISO 4063.1998, IDT)
GB/T 6417.1 Classification and description of metal fusion welded joints (GB/T 6417.1-2005, ISO 6520-1.1998, IDT)
GB/T 16672 definition of the working position inclination and rotation angle of the weld (GB/T 16672-1996, ISO 6947.1990,
IDT)
GB/T 18851.1 Non-destructive testing - Penetration testing - Part 1. General (GB/T 18851.1-2012, ISO 3452-1.2008,
IDT)
Guide for quality classification of arc welding joint defects of GB/T 19418 steel (GB/T 19418-2003, ISO 5817.1992, IDT)
GB/T 19866 Welding procedure specification and general principles of assessment (GB/T 19866-2005, ISO 15607.2003, IDT)
GB/T 19867.1 Arc Welding Welding Procedures (GB/T 19867.1-2005, ISO 15609-1.2004, IDT)
GB/T 26955 Metallic material weld macro and micro inspection methods (GB /26955-2011, ISO 17639.2003, IDT)
GB/T 27551 Metal material weld destructive test fracture test (GB/T 27551-2011, ISO 9017.2001, IDT)
Non-destructive testing of GB/T 32259 welds. Visual inspection of welded joints (GB/T 32259-2015, ISO 17637.2003,
MOD)
ISO /T R15608 Guide to the Classification of Welded Metal Materials (Welding-Guidelinesformetalicmaterialsgrouping
System)
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3375 and GB/T 19866 apply to this document.
4 symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Overview
The following symbols and abbreviations may be used when filling out the welder qualification certificate.
4.2 Test piece
a --- weld calculation thickness;
BW---butt weld;
D --- tube outer diameter;
FW--- fillet weld;
P --- board;
t --- plate thickness or pipe wall thickness;
T --- tube;
z --- Solder foot size.
4.3 Welding materials
Nm---no filler metal;
Wm---with filler metal.
4.4 Others
Bs --- double-sided welding;
Gg --- the back of the weld is cleared;
Mb---with pad welding;
Nb --- linerless soldering;
Ng --- the back of the weld is not clear;
Ss --- single-sided welding;
Sl --- single layer welding;
Ml---multilayer welding.
5 Main parameters and scope approval
5.1 Overview
The welder's skill assessment is based on the main parameters, and this standard specifies the scope of approval for each major parameter. If the main parameters are exceeded
For the scope of approval, an additional skill assessment is required for the welder.
The test should use standard test pieces and have a representative representation of the actual structure.
5.2 Welding method
The welding method applicable to this standard (the code name is referred to GB/T 5185) is as follows.
131---Melting inert gas shielded arc welding (MIG);
141---Tungsten inert gas shielded arc welding (TIG);
15--plasma arc welding (PAW).
Each test generally only accepts one welding method. Changing the welding method requires a new exam.
The welder is allowed to obtain a variety of welding methods by welding a joint welding method joint test piece.
Such as. TIG welding base, MIG filled single-sided welded butt joint (with pad), can be tested in any of the following ways.
a) Combination approval. TIG welding for root bead, combined welding with MIG welding for filled bead, each welding method according to its thickness
Accreditation
b) Separate approval. The root bead is approved by TIG welding and the subsequent bead is approved by padded MIG or double-sided welding.
5.3 Type of weld (butt weld and fillet weld)
The welds for the exam are two types. butt welds and fillet welds. The approved range of welds is shown in Table 1 and meets the following criteria.
a) Pipe butt welds (outer diameter D > 25mm) are suitable for butt welds.
b) The butt weld of the plate is suitable for pipe butt welds under the following conditions.
--- Tube outer diameter D ≥ 500mm, corresponding welding position;
--- Tube outer diameter D ≥ 150mm, only flat welding (PA) or horizontal welding (PC) position.
c) Although the approval of butt welds applies to fillet welds. However, in the case where the actual production is mostly fillet welds, the welder should be made to have the corresponding angle.
Weld test.
d) Pipe butt welds without gaskets are suitable for branch pipes with an angle greater than 60°. The approved range of the branch pipes is based on the outer diameter of the branch pipes.
e) If the actual production is mainly connected by a branch pipe or contains a complicated branch pipe, the welder shall receive special training and accept the pipe joint
Test piece exam.
Table 1 Approved range of butt joint test pieces
Weld type of test piece
Recognition range 1)
Butt weld pipe butt weld 2)
Single-sided welding
Ss
Double-sided welding
Bs
Single-sided welding
Ss
Padded
Mb
Without padding
Nb
Clear root
Gg
Unclear root
Ng
Padded
Mb
Without padding
Nb
Butt weld
Single-sided welding ss
With padded mb ★ - × - 2) -
Without pad nb × ★ × × 2) 2)
Double-sided welding bs
Clear root gg × - ★ - 2) -
Unclear root ng × - × ★ 2) -
Butt weld
Single-sided welding ss
With padded mb × - × - ★ -
Without padding nb × × × × × ★
1) ★ for test welds; × for approved welds; - for unapproved welds.
2) For the scope of accreditation, see 5.3b).
5.4 Base metal
5.4.1 Overview
In order to reduce the number of exams, titanium and titanium alloys, zirconium and zirconium alloys are grouped according to ISO /T R15608 (see Appendix G).
5.4.2 Scope of approval
The approved range of the base metal is shown in Table 2.
Special base materials outside the classification system should be tested separately.
Table 2 Approved range of base metal
Test piece base material group
Scope of recognition
51 52 53 54 61 62
51 ★ - - - - -
52 - ★ - - - -
53 - - ★ - - -
54 - - - ★ - -
61 - - - - ★ -
62 - - - - - ★
Note. ★ is the base material for testing and approval; - is an unapproved base metal.
5.5 Welding materials
The filler metal and protective gas (including plasma gas) used in the test shall be matched with the base metal and conform to the welding procedure (or welder).
Art pre-procedure) requirements.
The test filler metal and shielding gas are suitable for other filler metals and shielding gases matched by the same type of base metal.
The parts are the same welding method, and the change of the shielding gas does not require the welder's operating skills.
5.6 size
The approved range of the workpiece dimensions is based on the thickness of the test piece (thickness or wall thickness) and the outside diameter of the tube. Tables 3 and 4 specify the size of the exam.
Scope of recognition.
Table 3 The approved range of the test piece is in millimeters
Specimen thickness t
T≤3 t~2.5t
t >3 >3
Table 4 The approved range of tube outer diameter is in millimeters
Tube outer diameter of the test piece
Scope of recognition
D≤25 D~2D
D >25 ≥0.5D (minimum 25mm)
5.7 Welding position
The test piece shall be welded at the welding position specified in GB/T 16672. Table 5 gives the approved range for each weld location.
The tube H-L045 is suitable for all positions.
When the tube outer diameter D≥150mm, it is allowed to carry out two welding positions on one pipe test piece (2/3 circumference PF, 1/3 circumference)
PC) welding.
Table 5 Approved range of welding position
examination
position
Recognition range a
PA PBb PC PDb PE PF (plate) PH (tube) PG (plate) PJ (tube) H-L045
PA × × - - - - - - - -
PBb × × - - - - - - - -
PC × × × - - - - - - -
PDb × × × × × × - - - -
PE × × ×c × × × - - - -
PF (board) × × - - - × - - - -
PH (tube) × × - × × × × - - -
PG (board) - - - - - - - × - -
PJ (tube) × × - × × - - × × -
H-L045 × × × × × × × × × ×
Note. × is the approved welding position; - is the unapproved welding position.
a In addition, the requirements of 5.3b) should also be met.
b PB and PD are fillet welds and are only suitable for fillet welds in other locations.
c Only for sheet metal, not for tube welding.
6 Test and inspection
6.1 Supervision
Welding and inspection of the test piece shall be carried out under the supervision of the examiner or the examination body.
The welder shall mark the examiner and welder on the test piece before the weld begins.
If the welding conditions are not correct or if the welder is found to have insufficient skills, such as too much overhaul, the examiner may terminate the exam.
6.2 Shape, size and quantity of the test piece
The shape and size requirements of the test piece are shown in Figures 1 to 4.
For test specimens with a circumference of less than 150 mm, additional test pieces are required, but the number of additional test pieces is not more than three.
The unit is mm
Figure 1 Dimensions of the butt weld test piece
The unit is mm
T≥6mm, a≤0.5t
t< 6mm, 0.5t≤a≤t
Z≈0.7t
Figure 2 Size of the fillet weld test piece
The unit is mm
Figure 3 Dimensions of pipe butt weld test pieces
The unit is mm
t take a smaller value
T≥6mm, a≤0.5t
t< 6mm, 0.5t≤a≤t
Z≈0.7t
Figure 4 Dimensions of the fillet weld test piece
6.3 Welding conditions
The welding conditions of the skill test should be compatible with the actual production and meet the requirements of the welding procedure specification (or welding procedure pre-procedure) (see
GB/T 19867.1).
Welding during the test shall meet the following requirements.
a) The welding time of the test piece shall be consistent with the welding time under normal production conditions;
b) The test piece shall be marked and marked with at least one arc stop and re-arcing on the root bead and the cover bead within the length of the test;
c) the test piece is marked;
d) In addition to the cover weld, the welder is allowed to pass the grinding method or other processes used in the production, with the consent of the examiner.
Except for minor defects.
6.4 Test and test methods
Each welded weld shall be visually inspected in the as-welded condition (see GB/T 32259 for details). Visual inspection also includes under-weld roots and tables
The tempering color of the face. When required, visual inspection may be accompanied by a penetration test (according to GB/T 18851.1) or other tests.
When testing the root of a pipe, the pipe should be cut in half.
After visual inspection, other inspections shall be made (see Table 6, radiographic inspection according to GB/T 3323; bending test according to
GB/T 2653; breaking test according to GB/T 27551; macroscopic inspection according to GB/T 26955).
When the test piece is provided with a liner, it should be removed prior to the destructive test. The test piece shall be cut by mechanical processing method, and both ends of the test piece shall be taken.
The 25mm part should be discarded (see Figures 5 and 6).
Table 6 Test methods
Testing method
Butt weld
(plate and tube)
Fillet weld
Visual inspection mandatory enforcement
Penetration inspection is not mandatory
Radiographic inspection is not mandatory -
Bending test mandatory -
Fracture test - mandatory
Macro inspection is not mandatory
6.5 Test pieces and specimens
6.5.1 Overview
6.5.2~6.5.5 specifies the dimensions, preparation and test requirements for different test pieces and specimens.
6.5.2 Butt weld
The transverse bending should be carried out in accordance with GB/T 2653 with a bending angle of 180°.
For pipe butt welds (see Figure 5), at least two positive bends and two back bends should be made.
The diameter of the bend should be.
---Group 51 material is 4t;
--- 52, 53, 54, 61, 62 materials are 6t.
Depending on the elongation of the parent metal, both the supply and demand sides can also negotiate a larger diameter of the bend.
When the thickness of the board or tube is greater than (or equal to) 10 mm, the positive and back bending tests may be replaced by four sets of side bend tests.
When using the ray inspection, the test piece shall be inspected in the as-welded condition and a B-level ray inspection process shall be used.
6.5.3 Plate fillet weld
The corner weld seam breakage shall be carried out according to GB/T 27551, and the test piece shall be divided into several samples as needed. The breaking of each sample is shown in Figure 6.
Shown and checked after breaking.
The macroscopic inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 26955, and at least 4 specimens shall be uniformly intercepted within the length of the inspection.
Figure 5 Preparation of pipe butt weld specimen
The unit is mm
a) the part to be inspected for the fillet weld b) the fracture test (opening the gap if necessary)
Figure 6 Preparation and test of fracture specimens for fillet welds
6.5.4 Pipe fillet weld
Pipe joint weld fracture shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 27551. The test piece shall be cut into 4 (or more) specimens and broken (see Figure 7).
Figure 7 Preparation and test of the fillet weld sample
The macroscopic inspection shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 26955, and at least 4 specimens shall be taken at equal distances along the circumference of the pipe.
7 Test piece acceptance requirements
The test piece shall be evaluated in accordance with the acceptance requirements specified in the relevant types of defects. The types and descriptions of the defects can refer to GB/T 6417.1 standard.
Provisions, when there are no other regulations.
The general internal weld defects should be in accordance with the Class B acceptance of GB/T 19418, but the external dimensions are not enough (such as the weld height is too large, the crown is over
Large, weld thickness is too large and collapsed, etc.) can be accepted according to Class C.
The color of the weld metal surface should be bright silver or rice yellow, with a concentrated narrow strip of color near the boundary of the shielding gas. Dark brown, purple blue
Color, gray or light white is unqualified.
When the bending specimen is bent, the weld, the heat-affected zone and each area of the base metal should be attached to the bending axis. Bending test is not allowed in any direction
A single defect greater than 3 mm appears. The defect that appears at the edge of the specimen during the test is allowed to be ignored during the evaluation, but it is not welded.
Except for cracking caused by penetration, slag inclusion or other defects.
If the test result of the welder exceeds the standard defect, the test is unqualified.
The corresponding acceptance indicators for non-destructive testing shall refer to relevant standards. All destructive and non-destructive tests shall be carried out in accordance with the prescribed procedures.
8 retakes
If the exam is unqualified, the welder is allowed to retake the exam.
If it is confirmed that the test fails due to metallurgical or other external factors, and not due to insufficient welder operating skills, the answer is
Xu welder re-examined.
9 Validity
9.1 Initial recognition
The welder's approval is valid from the date of welding of the test piece. The prerequisite is that the required exam has been completed and the test results
qualified.
9.2 Validity confirmation
The welder qualification certificate issued is valid for two years. The precondition is that the company’s welding personnel or responsible personnel should do it every six months.
Confirm that the welder continues to work within the initial approved range.
9.3 Extension
The examiner/examination institution may extend the welder qualification certificate once every two years as required by this standard.
Before the certificate is postponed, the requirements of 9.2 shall be met and the following conditions shall be confirmed.
a) In actual production, the quality of welds welded by welders meets the requirements;
b) The archives supporting the extension in the welder's file (such as the semi-annual non-destructive inspection report or the fracture inspection report) are complete.
10 certificate
If the welder passes the skill test, a certificate should be awarded. All relevant test conditions should be recorded on the certificate.
The welder qualification certificate shall be issued separately by the examination institution. The recommended format of the qualification certificate is given in Appendix C.
In principle, each test piece is issued with a certificate.
11 welder approval mark
The mark of the welder's examination approval shall include the following contents. For the specific format, see Appendix D.
a) the standard number;
b) Main parameters.
1) welding process method;
2) Type of test piece. plate (P), tube (T);
3) Type of weld. butt weld (BW), fillet weld (FW);
4) Material group;
5) Welding materials;
6) Specimen size. material thickness (t) and tube outer diameter (D);
7) welding position;
8) Other weld factors.
Appendix A
(informative appendix)
Chapter number comparison table
Table A.1 Comparison of this standard with the number of chapters of ISO 9606-5.2000
This standard chapter number corresponds to the ISO standard chapter number
twenty two
5.1 5.1, 6.1
5.2 5.2, 6.2
5.3 5.3, 6.3
5.4 (5.4.1, 5.4.1) 5.4, 6.4
5.5 5.5, 6.5
5.6 5.6, 6.6
5.7 5.7, 5.8, 6.7
9.1, 9.2 10.1
9.3 10.2
Appendix A -
- Appendix ZA
Appendix B -
Appendix C -
Appendix D -
Appendix E Appendix A
Appendix F -
Appendix G -
Appendix B
(informative appendix)
Technical differences between this standard and ISO 9606-5.2000 and their causes
Table B.1 Technical differences between this standard and ISO 9606-5.2000 and their causes
This standard
Chapter number
Technical difference
With regard to the normative reference documents, this standard has made technical adjustments to adapt to China's technology.
The conditions of the adjustment and adjustment are concentrated in Chapter 2, “Regulatory References”, and the specific adjustments are as follows.
● Replace EN910 with GB/T 2653 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4, 6.5.2);
● Replace EN1435 with GB/T 3323 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4);
● Replace ENISO 4063 with GB/T 5185 equivalent to the international standard (see 5.2);
● Replace EN6520-1 with GB/T 6417.1 equivalent to the international standard (see Chapter 7);
● Replace ENISO 6947 with GB/T 16672 equivalent to the international standard (see 5.7);
● Replace EN571-1 with GB/T 18851.1 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4);
● Replace EN25871 with GB/T 19418 equivalent to the international standard (see Chapter 7);
● Replace EN1321 with GB/T 26955 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4, 6.5.3, 6.5.4);
● Replace EN1320 with GB/T 27551 equivalent to the international standard (see 6.4, 6.5.3, 6.5.4);
● Replace GB 970 with GB/T 32259 with international standards (see 6.4);
● Replace CR12817 with the international standard ISO /T R15608 (see 5.4.1);
● Added reference to GB/T 3375 (see Chapter 2);
● Added reference to GB/T 19866 (see Chapter 2);
● Added reference to GB/T 19867.1 (see Chapter 2);
● Removed EN287-1.1992;
● Removed EN287-2.1992;
● Deleted EN1289;
● Removed ISO 857
Adapt to China's technical conditions
Chapter 5 of the original international standard "Main parameters of skill assessment" and Chapter 6 "Scope of approval of welders"
Consolidated as Chapter 5 of the Standard "Main Parameters and Scope of Approval"
Increase operability,
Facilitate standard execution
Appendix C
(informative appendix)
Welder qualification certificate
mark.
Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) No.. Examiner or Exam Authority Number.
Welder Name.
Identification code.
Identification method.
enterprise.
Procedures/examination criteria.
Expertise. Qualified/Not Exam (can be deleted as needed)
photo
Specimen approval range
Welding method
Specimen type (plate or tube)
Weld type
Base metal group
Fill metal type (model)
Protective gas
Auxiliary materials (such as back protective gas)
Base metal thickness/mm
Tube outer diameter/mm
Position of welding
Other welding factors
Inspection project inspection and passing untested
Visual inspection
Radiographic inspection
Fracture test
Bending test
Penetration test
Macro inspection
Examiner's name or test institution name.
Signature, location, date of the examiner or examination body.
Welding date.
Validity period.
Deferred confirmation
Date signature title or title
Appendix D
(informative appendix)
Welder exam approval mark example
D.1 Example 1
Welder examination GB/T 36234141TBW W61wmt03D50PAssnb
Description
141 welding method TIG welding
T pipe
...
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