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GB/T 31275-2020: Assessment of lighting equipment related to human exposure to electromagnetic field
Status: Valid GB/T 31275: Evolution and historical versions
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Assessment of lighting equipment related to human exposure to electromagnetic field
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 31275-2020 (GB/T31275-2020) | | Description (Translated English) | Assessment of lighting equipment related to human exposure to electromagnetic field | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K70 | | Classification of International Standard | 17.240; 91.160.01 | | Word Count Estimation | 54,538 | | Date of Issue | 2020-07-21 | | Date of Implementation | 2021-02-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 31275-2014 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 31275-2020: Assessment of lighting equipment related to human exposure to electromagnetic field
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Assessment of lighting equipment related to human exposure to electromagnetic field
ICS 17.240;91.160.01
K70
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 31275-2014
Evaluation of lighting equipment on human electromagnetic radiation
(IEC 62493.2015, IDT)
2020-07-21 released
2021-02-01 implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Table of contents
Preface Ⅴ
Introduction Ⅵ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms, definitions, physical quantities, units and abbreviations 2
3.1 Terms and definitions 2
3.2 Physical quantities and units 4
3.3 Abbreviations 4
4 Limit 5
4.1 General 5
4.2 Unintentional radiation part of lighting equipment 5
4.3 Intentional radiation part of lighting equipment 6
5 General requirements for VanderHoofden test 7
5.1 Measured physical quantity 7
5.2 Supply voltage and frequency 7
5.3 Measuring frequency range 7
5.4 Ambient temperature 7
5.5 Measuring equipment requirements 7
5.6 Uncertainty of measuring equipment 8
5.7 Test report 8
5.8 Evaluation of results 8
6 Measurement procedures for VanderHoofden test 9
6.1 General 9
6.2 Working conditions 9
6.3 Measuring distance 9
6.4 Measuring device 9
6.5 Position of test head 10
6.6 Calculation of results 11
7 Evaluation procedures for intentional radiators 11
7.1 General 11
7.2 Low power elimination method 11
7.3 Application of EMF product standards in personal equipment 11
7.4 Application of EMF product standards in base stations 12
7.5 Application of other EMF standards 12
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Measuring distance 13
Appendix B (informative appendix) Measuring the position of the test head 14
Appendix C (informative appendix) Exposure limits 19
C.1 General 19
C.2 International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) 19
C.3 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 20
Appendix D (informative appendix) Principles of measurement and evaluation methods 21
D.1 General 21
D.2 Induction of internal electric field 21
D.3 Thermal effect of 100kHz~300GHz 29
Appendix E (Normative Appendix) Practical internal electric field measurement and evaluation methods 32
E.1 Measurement of induced internal electric field 32
E.2 Calculation program 32
E.3 VanderHoofden head test qualification criteria 33
Appendix F (Normative Appendix) Protecting the Network 34
F.1 Calibration of the protection network 34
F.2 Calculation of the theoretical characteristics of the protection network 34
Appendix G (informative appendix) Uncertainty of measuring equipment 36
Appendix H (Informative Appendix) Equipment deemed to be compliant 38
Appendix I (informative appendix) Intentional radiator 40
I.1 General 40
I.2 Intentional radiators in lighting equipment 40
I.3 Antenna characteristics in lighting applications 40
I.4 Exposure Assessment Method 44
I.5 Multiple emitters in luminaire 46
I.6 Exposure to multiple lamps 46
I.7 References in Appendix I 46
References 48
Figure 1 Compliance roadmap and pass/fail criteria for lighting equipment 6
Figure 2 VanderHoofden test head 7
Figure 3 An example of a protected network Figure 8
Figure 4 Measuring device 10
Figure 5 Compliance verification process for the intentional radiation part of lighting equipment 12
Figure B.1 The position of the lateral measuring point of the lighting equipment (side view) 14
Figure B.2 Position of the longitudinal measuring point of the lighting equipment (side view) 14
Figure B.3 The position of the longitudinal measurement point of the lighting device --- in the direction of the lighting 15
Figure B.4 Location of measurement points for luminaires with rotational symmetry of dimensions 15
Figure B.5 The position of the measuring point of the luminaire with rotational symmetry of dimensions --- in the direction of illumination 15
Figure B.6 Positions of measurement points of lighting equipment with the same size on the x-axis and y-axis 16
Figure B.7 The position of the measuring point of the lighting device with a single-ended lamp (360° lighting) 16
Figure B.8 The position of the measuring point of the lighting equipment with remote control 17
Figure B.9 The position of the measuring point of the independent electronic converter 17
Figure B.10 The position of the uplight measurement point (floor/suspended) 18
Figure D.1 Overview of measurement and evaluation methods 21
Figure D.2 The distance between the head, circuit and measuring device 22
Figure D.3 Maximum current in 2mLLA 23
Figure D.4 Induced internal electric field and related limit level 25
Figure D.5 Example of magnetic field test results using LLA 26
Figure D.6 Distance between head and measuring device 27
Figure D.7 Equation (D.20) curve 27
Figure D.8 Example of measuring CM current with conducted emission test 30
Figure F.1 Initial standardized test device for network analyzer 34
Figure F.2 Test device for measuring the partial pressure factor using a network analyzer 34
Figure F.3 The theoretical characteristics of the calculation used to calibrate the protection network 35
Figure H.1 Flow chart for determining compliance without measuring F factor 39
Figure I.1 Luminaire with transmitting antenna in the room 42
Figure I.2 Effect of conductive ceiling/plane 42
Figure I.3 Electric field of a small electric dipole. comparison between analytical formula and far-field approximation 43
Figure I.4 Electric field as a function of distance, antenna gain and input power (far-field approximation) 43
Figure I.5 Effect of pulse signal on average exposure 45
Table 1 Physical quantities and units 4
Table 2 Receiver or spectrum analyzer settings 7
Table A.1 Lighting equipment and measuring distance 13
Table C.1 Basic limits for general public exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields at frequencies between 100kHz and 10GHz 19
Table C.2 Basic restrictions on exposure of the general public to time-varying electric and magnetic fields at frequencies not greater than 10MHz 19
Table C.3 Basic restrictions of IEEE on the general public (BR) 20
Table C.4 IEEE's basic restrictions (BR) for the general public between 100kHz and 3GHz 20
Table D.1 Calculation of induced internal electric field 23
Table D.2 Calculation of power contribution 28
Table D.3 Amplitude increase frequency step equal to 1.11 times B6 28
Table D.4 Power increase frequency step equal to 0.833 times B6 29
Table D.5 Field strength limits in accordance with CISPR15 30
Table E.1 Change of conductivity with frequency (see Table C.1 of IEC 62311.2007) 32
Table G.1 The uncertainty calculation of the measurement method described in Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 in the frequency range of 20kHz~10MHz 36
Table G.2 Notes and information to Table G.1 36
Table I.1 Radio frequency technologies that may be used in lighting systems 41
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 31275-2014 "Evaluation of Human Electromagnetic Radiation by Lighting Equipment", compared with GB/T 31275-2014,
The main technical changes are as follows.
---Added evaluation procedures (see Chapter 7);
---Informative Appendix H has been added;
---Informative Appendix I has been added.
The translation method used in this standard is equivalent to IEC 62493.2015 "Evaluation of Human Electromagnetic Radiation by Lighting Equipment".
The Chinese documents that have consistent correspondence with the normatively cited international documents in this standard are as follows.
---GB/T 6113.101-2016 Radio disturbance and immunity measurement equipment and measurement method specification Part 1-1.Radio
Disturbance and immunity measurement equipment measurement equipment (CISPR16-1-1.2010, IDT).
This standard was proposed by the China National Light Industry Council.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Lighting Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC224).
Drafting organizations of this standard. National Electric Light Source Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Beijing), Shaoxing Shangyu Jinghua Backlight Co., Ltd., Suzhou Newco
Power Technology Co., Ltd., China Education Equipment Industry Association.
The main drafters of this standard. Qin Bifang, Zhang Debao, Hang Jun, Cai Jinbiao, Pu Min, Jing Weihua.
The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are as follows.
---GB/T 31275-2014.
Introduction
This standard determines appropriate evaluation methods, standardized working conditions and measurement distances for the measurement of electromagnetic fields in the surrounding space of lighting equipment.
This standard is intended to refer to ICNIRP.1998[1], ICNIRP2010[2], IEEEC95.1.2005[3] and IEEEC95.6.2002[4]
Given the exposure level of the general public, the electromagnetic (EM) field of lighting equipment and its potential impact on the human body are evaluated through measurement and/or calculation.
The exposure level limits that should be met are based on the basic limits of ICNIRP and IEEE.
According to the working nature of the lighting equipment, the frequency range applicable to the basic limit can be limited as follows.
---The internal electric field is between 20kHz~10MHz;
---The specific absorption rate (SAR) is between 100kHz and 300MHz;
---The power density is outside the scope of application.
Note. In order to avoid audio noise and infrared interference, the working frequency of lighting equipment is higher than 20kHz. The frequency contribution above 300MHz can be ignored.
This standard is not used to replace the definitions and procedures in the exposure standard, but to supplement the procedures specifically specified to meet the exposure requirements.
Evaluation of lighting equipment on human electromagnetic radiation
1 Scope
This standard is used for the assessment of human exposure to electromagnetic radiation from lighting equipment. The evaluation includes the sense of frequency between 20kHz~10MHz
The internal electric field and the surrounding frequency of the lighting equipment should have a specific absorption rate (SAR) between 100kHz and 300MHz.
This standard applies to.
---Used for lighting, with the main function of generating and/or distributing light, using low-voltage power supply or battery operation, for indoor and/or outdoor use
All lighting equipment used;
---One of the main functions is the lighting equipment in the multifunctional lighting equipment;
---Independent auxiliary equipment specially used with lighting equipment;
---Lighting equipment with intentional radiators for wireless communication or control.
This standard does not apply to.
---Lighting equipment for airplanes and airports;
---Lighting equipment for road vehicles; (except for lighting equipment used for passenger compartment lighting in public transportation)
---Lighting equipment for agriculture;
---Lighting equipment for ships/ships;
---Copier, slide projector;
---Equipment whose electromagnetic field requirements are clearly specified in other standards.
Note. The method described in this standard is not suitable for comparing the electromagnetic field of different lighting equipment.
This standard does not apply to built-in components of lamps, such as electronic control devices for lamps.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
IEC 62209-2.2010 Human exposure to radio frequency fields generated by handheld and wearable wireless communication devices
Procedure Part 2.Measurement Procedures for the Absorption Rate (SAR) of wireless communication equipment (frequency range 300MHz to 6GHz) used close to the human body
[Humanexposuretoradiofrequencyfieldsfromhand-heldandbody-mountedwirelesscommunication
devices-Humanmodels,instrumentation,andprocedures-Part 2.Proceduretodeterminethespecific
absorptionrate(SAR)forwirelesscommunicationdevicesusedincloseproximitytothehumanbody
(frequencyrangeof30MHzto6GHz)]
IEC 62232.2011 Method for measuring radio frequency field intensity and SAR near radio communication base stations for human exposure evaluation
(DeterminationofRFfieldstrengthandSARinthevicinityofradiocommunicationbasestationsfor
thepurposeofevaluatinghumanexposure)
IEC 62311.2007 Evaluation of electronic and electrical equipment on human exposure to electromagnetic radiation (0Hz~300GHz) [Assessment
ofelectronicandelectricalequipmentrelatedtohumanexposurerestrictionsforelectromagneticfields
(0Hz-300GHz))
IEC 62479.2010 assesses whether low-power electronic and electrical equipment meets the basic restrictions related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields
(10MHz~300GHz)[Assessmentofthecomplianceoflow-powerelectronicandelectricalequipment
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