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GB/T 30042-2013 English PDF

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GB/T 30042-2013: Personal protective equipment -- Eye and face protection -- Vocabulary
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Basic data

Standard ID	GB/T 30042-2013 (GB/T30042-2013)
Description (Translated English)	Personal protective equipment -- Eye and face protection -- Vocabulary
Sector / Industry	National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard	C73
Classification of International Standard	13.340.20
Word Count Estimation	60,612
Adopted Standard	ISO 4007-2012, MOD
Regulation (derived from)	National Standards Bulletin No. 25 of 2013
Issuing agency(ies)	General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Summary	This standard specifies the main terminology individual eye and face protection. This standard applies to sunglasses, other related career fields eye and face protection, eye and face protection and individual sports eye and face protection.

GB/T 30042-2013: Personal protective equipment -- Eye and face protection -- Vocabulary

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Personal protective equipment-Eye and face protection. Vocabulary ICS 13.340.20 C73 National Standards of People's Republic of China Nomenclature of personal protective equipment eye and face protection (ISO 4007..2012, MOD) Published on December 17,.2013 2014-09-01 Implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Issued by China National Standardization Administration

Foreword Ⅲ 1 Scope 1 2 Terms related to hazards 1 3 Terms related to optical radiation and radiation sources 1 3.1 Terms related to optical radiation 1 3.2 Terms related to non-ionizing radiation sources 3 4 Photometric terms 5 5 Terms related to eye and face protection 8 5.1 General terms 8 5.2 Terms related to the geometric characteristics of eye and face protection 10 5.3 Terms related to non-lens parts of eye and face protective equipment 13 5.4 Terms related to welding protection 13 5.5 Terms related to auxiliary lenses 14 6 Terms related to optical components 15 7 Terms related to the optical properties of components and lenses 16 8 Terms related to optical properties of lenses (excluding transmittance) 18 8.1 Lens related terms 18 8.2 Terms related to glasses and eye protection 21 9 Terms related to optical filters 22 9.1 Terms related to general optical filters 22 9.2 Terms related to polarized light and polarizing filters 28 9.3 Terms related to welding filters 30 10 Terms related to testing equipment 32 11 List of abbreviations and symbols 33 Appendix A (Informative Appendix) Spectral Weight Function and Spectral Distribution 35 References 45 Chinese Index 46 English Index 50

Foreword

This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard uses the redrafting method to modify and adopt ISO 4007..2012 "Personal protective equipment terminology of face and face protection" (English version). The technical differences between this standard and ISO 4007..2012 are. --- The size of the head model applicable to this standard refers to "GB/T 2428" Adult Head and Face Size "". The relationship between national standards and international standards involved in this standard is. --- GB/T 20000.4-2003 Standardization Guide Part 4. Safety-related content in the standard (ISO /IEC Guide 51..1999, MOD) --- GB/T 26397-2011 Ophthalmic optics terminology (ISO 13666..1998, MOD) --- GB/T 2035-2008 Plastic terms and definitions (ISO 472..1999, IDT) --- GB 13511.1-2011 Compatible glasses Part 1. Single light and multifocal (ISO 21987..2009, MOD) This standard was proposed by the State Administration of Work Safety. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Personal Protective Equipment Eye and Face Protection Sub-Committee (SAC/TC112/SC1) This standard was drafted by. China National Institute of Standardization, Guangzhou Institute of Standardization, China Institute of Metrology, Daheng New Epoch Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Institute of Work Safety Science. The main drafters of this standard. Guo Ya, Guo Dehua, Cheng Liping, Wang Yu, Shang Jinglin, Huang Shuai, Yang Xiaohong, Huang Hai, Li Yuhao, Zhang Bin, Ma Shengnan. Nomenclature of personal protective equipment eye and face protection

1 Scope

This standard defines and explains the main terminology of individual eye and face protection. This standard applies to sunglasses, occupational eye and face protection, sports eye and face protection, and other relevant fields of individual eye and face protection. Note. At the time of publication of this standard, the terms cited were equivalent to ISO 8624..2010, ISO 13666..2010, CIE17.4. 1987 and ISO /IEC guidelines 51..1991 terminology. If, due to future revisions to the above standards, ISO 4007, ISO 8624, ISO 13666, CIE 17.4 or There will be inconsistencies between the ISO /IEC Guide 51, when the latest version of ISO 8624, ISO 13666, CIE 17.4 or The definitions that appear in ISO /IEC Guide 51 will be considered authoritative.

2 Terms related to hazards

2.1 Safety Exempt from unacceptable risk (2.4) status. Note. "Safety" and "Safety" cannot be used to describe other useful information when used as a narration. In addition, they may be solved Read as a promise to avoid danger. If possible, it is recommended to replace the words "security" and "safety" with a method that clarifies the purpose. Example. Use "protective helmet" instead of "safety helmet". 2.2 Harm Damage to substances, or damage to human health, property or the environment. 2.3 Hazard Potential root cause of injury (2.2). Note. The term "danger (source)" can be classified according to the source of the injury or the predictable nature of the injury (such as electric shock hazard, crushing hazard, cutting hazard, poisoning hazard) Danger, fire hazard, drowning hazard, etc.). 2.4 Risk A comprehensive measure of injury (2.2), including the probability of injury and the severity of injury. 2.5 Reasonably foreseeable misuse The use of products, processes or services is not in accordance with the provisions of the supplier, but this result is caused by human activities that are easily foreseen.

3 Terms related to optical radiation and radiation sources

3.1 Terms related to optical radiation 3.1.1 Optical radiation Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between X-rays (λ≈1nm) and radio waves (λ≈1mm). Note. It is usually subdivided into the following spectral ranges, which may overlap in the ultraviolet long wave and visible region. --- Ultraviolet radiation (UV) 1nm to 380nm or 400nm; --- Visible radiation (VIS) 380nm to 780nm; --- Infrared radiation (IR) 780nm to 1mm. 3.1.2 Ultraviolet radiation UV radiation Radiation with a shorter wavelength than visible radiation. Note 1. For radiation between 100nm and 400nm, it is usually divided into. --- UV-A (long wave ultraviolet) 315nm to 400nm; --- UV-B (medium wave ultraviolet) 280nm to 315nm; --- UV-C (short-wave ultraviolet) 100nm to 280nm. Note 2. There is no precise boundary between "ultraviolet" and "visible", because when the wavelength is less than 400nm, a bright light source with a shorter wavelength can be visualized Perceptual. Note 3. For commonly used sunglasses, the UV-A wavelength is limited to 380nm. Note 4. The upper limit of 380nm is the same as the value in ophthalmic optics and ISO 20473..2007 optical and photonic spectral bands. It should be noted that many medical, health Health and safety guidelines and standards require consideration of UV-A exposure to UV-A up to 400nm, such as Note 1. Note 5. Short-wave ultraviolet (UV-C) is defined as. --- Far Ultraviolet (FUV) 190nm to 280nm; -Out of vacuum (VUV) 100nm to 190nm (see ISO 20473..2007). Note 6. For eye protection, only the long-wavelength portion of short-wave ultraviolet radiation, namely 190nm to 280nm is more important. Not included in solar radiation In part, it only appears in the few artificial radiation sources. Note 7. Sometimes ultraviolet radiation may be considered to extend the wavelength of 1nm downward (see ISO 20473). The area from 1nm to 100nm is called extreme ultraviolet, which is only suitable for In vacuum, it is not suitable for the protection of eyes and face. 3.1.3 Visible radiation Light Any optical radiation (3.1.1) that can directly produce a visual perception. Note 1. There is no accurate spectral interval for visible radiation, because it depends on the radiation power reaching the retina and the sensitivity of the observer. Usually lower limit Between 360nm and 400nm, the upper limit is between 760nm and 830nm. Note 2. Based on their respective understandings, CIE gives different definitions of light. For eye and face protection devices, light can be considered synonymous with visible radiation. Note 3. The wavelength range is selected from 380nm to 780nm. 3.1.4 Infrared radiation IR radiation Optical radiation with a wavelength greater than visible radiation (3.1.1), from 700nm to 1mm. Note 1. The infrared radiation range between 780nm and 1mm is usually subdivided into. --- IR-A 780nm to 1400nm; --- IR-B 1400nm to 3000nm; --- IR-C 3000nm to 1mm; Note 2. No precise boundary can be defined between "visible" and "infrared" because vision at wavelengths greater than 780nm refers to very high energy at longer wavelengths Speaking. 3.1.5 Monochromatic radiation monochromatic light Radiation with a single frequency characteristic. Note 1. Although frequency is a more basic characteristic, it is more common to use wavelengths in air (or vacuum) to characterize monochromatic radiation. Note 2. Using a single wavelength value (usually an average value) to characterize optical radiation propagating in a very narrow wavelength range (such as laser radiation) is considered to be monochromatic. 3.1.6 light source Spectral power distribution is radiation defined in the wavelength range that affects the color vision of an object. Note. This term is not limited to this meaning in everyday English, but is also used for all kinds of light shining on the body and scenery. 3.1.7 CIE standard light source CIE defines light sources A and D65 according to the relevant spectral power distribution. Note 1. These light sources are intended to indicate. A--Planck radiation with a color temperature of 2856K; D65 --- A daylight source, the daylight segment with a correlated color temperature of about 6500K (also known as the "nominal correlated color temperature of the daylight source", ie. using "approximate" and "name Yi "). Note 2. Light sources B, C and other D light sources, previously expressed as standard light sources, are now called CIE light sources. 3.2 Terms related to non-ionizing radiation sources 3.2.1 Arc cutting Arc gouging Thermal cutting or planing of metal materials using arcs. Note. The carbon electrode used in this method, by means of melting or calcination to form a groove, and use the air nozzle on the electrode to remove the molten material. Use the same heat Method to deepen the groove to form a cut. 3.2.2 Arc welding Welding method using the arc generated between the rod-shaped metal electrode and the workpiece. Note. Use the electrode melt in the thermal arc as the filler metal at the weld. 3.2.3 Short circuit arc A strong arc may be generated due to the conversion or short circuit of the power distribution equipment. 3.2.4 gas cutting Flame cutting Thermal method for cutting metal materials with gas and oxygen. Note. This method does not use an arc. 3.2.5 Plasma arc cutting High-temperature plasma flame beam formed by converged arc welding and high-speed air flow ejected from narrow nozzles Cut method. 3.2.6 Black light UV radiation source The UV-A radiation source is usually a mercury vapor discharge lamp, in which the light bulb (high-pressure radiation source) or the lamp tube (low-pressure radiation source) absorb light well, Made of filter glass that penetrates UV-A. Note. The glass filter is almost black in color. 3.2.7 Halogen metal vapor lamp Mercury vapor lamps usually doped with certain metal iodides. 3.2.8 Low pressure (high brightness) mercury vapor lamp Mercury discharge lamp with or without fluorescent layer, large tube size (fluorescent lamp), and internal pressure between 300Pa and 500Pa. Note. For mercury discharge lamps with a fluorescent layer, the fluorescent layer is excited by the ultraviolet radiation of the discharge to produce visible radiation. 3.2.9 Medium pressure (high brightness) mercury vapor lamp Mercury discharge lamp with working pressure of about 20kPa. Note. Usually these discharge lamps are within the range of high-intensity lamps, so the term may have been abandoned. 3.2.10 High pressure (high brightness) mercury vapor lamp A gas discharge lamp with a working pressure of about.200kPa to 1500kPa in the discharge tube. 3.2.11 Very high pressure (high brightness) mercury vapor lamp A gas discharge lamp whose working pressure in the discharge tube exceeds 104kPa. Note. The arc length needs to be shortened for this. 3.2.12 Pulse duration Half-peak duration On the time energy curve, the time interval between when the energy rises to half the peak energy and when the energy falls to half the peak energy, to The unit of seconds (s). 3.2.13 Laser beam The optical radiation generated by the laser usually has good focus, directivity, monochromaticity and coherence (the correlation between time and space). 3.2.14 Continuous laser A laser that can emit radiant energy continuously or with a minimum duration of 0.25s. Note. For pulsed lasers that are regarded as continuous wave lasers (pulses greater than 0.25s), the pulse width needs to be considered when discussing its hazards. 3.2.15 HeNe laser A gas (helium-neon) laser that normally outputs red light at 632.8 nm. 3.2.16 Pulsed laser Based on the structure, the laser emits energy in the form of a single pulse with a duration greater than 1 μs. 3.2.17 Giant pulse laser Based on the structure, the laser emits energy in the form of a single pulse with a duration between 1ns and 1μs. 3.2.18 Mode-coupled laser Mode-locked laser Using the mechanism of laser resonators, a series of very short pulses (usually less than nanoseconds, for example, picoseconds or femtoseconds) are produced. Note. This is an inherent characteristic of the laser, it can appear automatically, so it is called "self-mode-locking". 3.2.19 Strong pulse light source Small xenon arc lamps working in pulse mode usually emit visible and near infrared radiation after filtering. Note. Although the laser can provide a strong pulsed light source when used in the medical and auxiliary medical fields, the term is limited to xenon arc lamps. They have a wider light Spectral emission limits the emission of ultraviolet, visible or near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum by filtering the emitted radiation.

4 Photometric related terms

4.1 Illumination EV; E The illuminance at a point on the surface is the quotient of the light flux dΦV incident on the element containing the point and the element area dA. Note 1. Equivalent definition. use the expression LV · cosθ · dΩ to integrate the hemispherical space seen at the specified point, where LV is the solid angle dΩ from different directions The brightness of the incident single beam at the specified point, and θ is the angle between all beams and the surface normal at the specified point, thereby obtaining the illuminance Is. 4.2 radioactivity Ee; E The irradiance at a point on the surface is equal to the quotient of the radiation flux dΦe incident on the surface element including that point divided by the surface element area dA. Note 1. Equivalent definition. use the expression Le · cosθ · dΩ to integrate the hemispherical space seen at the specified point, where Le is the solid angle dΩ from different directions The brightness of the incident single beam element at the specified point, and θ is the angle between all these beams and the surface normal at the specified point, thus obtaining The irradiance of 4.3 brightness LV; L (In a given direction, a point on the surface of the actual or illusion) The quantity defined by the following formula. 4.4 Luminous flux ΦV; Φ According to the calculated radiance and its influence on the CIE standard optical observer, the quantity derived from the radiant flux Φe. 4.5 Luminance coefficient (On the surface element on the surface of the medium, under the specified direction and the specified brightness conditions) The brightness of the surface element in the specified direction is the same as that of the same medium The quotient of illumination. 4.6 Simple Luminosity Coefficient Luminance coefficient (4.5) l * corrected with filter (9.1.1) or lens (5.1.3) transmittance (9.1.13). Note 1. l * is obtained by dividing the lightness l by the visible light transmittance (9.1.18) τV of the filter, the formula is expressed as. l * = l/τV Note 2. The unit is candelas lux per square meter [(cd/m2)/lx]. 4.7 Radiation flux Radiated power The power emitted, transmitted or received in the form of radiation. Note. The unit is Watt (W). 4.8 Exposure (shot) amount He; H The amount of exposure (radiation) at a point on the surface is within a given time course, and the radiant energy dQe incident on the bin containing the point is divided by the The quotient of the surface element area dA. 4.9 Power density The irradiation power transmitted to the beam cross section. Note 1. The unit is Watt per square meter (W/m2). Note 2. See also radiated power. 4.10 Radiated power (Qualitative) energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation per unit time. 4.11 Spectral light (visual) efficiency V (λ) For monochromatic radiation at a wavelength λ, the ratio of the two fluxes at a wavelength of λm and λ To produce equal light perception, choose λm so that the maximum value of the ratio is equal to 1. Note 1. Unless otherwise stated, the light efficiency values of the bright vision spectrum used are the internationally agreed values published by the CIE in 1924 (CompteRendu Sixth Conference Document) 67 pages), through interpolation and extrapolation [CIE 18th (1970) publication, page 43 and ISO 23539..2005/CIES010..2004] Step by step, CIPM officially recommended it in 1972. For dark vision, V ′ (λ), CIE lies in page 37 of volume 3 of the 1951 compteRendu12esession and ISO 23539..2005/CIES 010..2004 promulgated the spectral light efficiency value for young observers, CIPM approved in 1976. Using the above values, the functions V (λ) and V ′ (λ) of bright vision and dark vision were determined respectively. Note 2. In view of the difference between the average spectral light efficiency and the function V (λ), CIE adopted the "CIE1988 II" in.1990 (see CIE86..1990) The revised spectral light efficiency function for bright vision ", VM (λ), and recommended for use in the field of vision science. Note 3. Given that the spectral light efficiency function of the human eye changes with viewing angle, CIE decided in.2005 (see CIE165..2005) that if the angular chord of the visual target is large When the target can be seen at 40 ° or off-axis, the CIE No. 10 Bright Vision Observer, V10 (λ) is used. Use the V10 (λ) function as follows Calculate luminosity. 4.12 Candela Unit of luminous intensity of light source. Note 1. The unit is Candela (cd = lm · sr-1). Note 2. The international unit of luminous intensity Candela is the luminous intensity of the light source emitting monochromatic radiation with a frequency of 540 × 1012Hz in the specified direction. The radiation intensity in this direction is 1/683W/sr (see the 16th International Metrology Conference in 1979). 4.13 Solid angle The three-dimensional angle is the cone of light emitted by the tiny light source. see picture 1. Note 1. If the center of the imaginary spherical surface is at the vertex of the angle, the value of solid angle Ω is the area covered by the angle on the spherical surface, A, divided by the square of the spherical radius r. Note 2. The solid angle unit is spherical degree (sr).

5 Terms related to eye and face protection

5.1 General terms 5.1.1 Eye protector Any form of eye protection that protects the eye area on a large scale. 5.1.2 Expected use Use of products, processes or services based on information provided by the supplier. Note. Refer to reasonably foreseeable misuse (2.5). 5.1.3 lens Lens (made of wire mesh, glass or plastic material) is a general term for optically transparent parts. Examples. lenses, windows and screens. 5.1.4 Protective lens The specified mechanical protection is better than the minimum strength lens. Note. may have a filtering effect. 5.1.5 Colorless lens Lenses with no obvious color when transmitted. 5.1.6 goggle Eye protection device. 5.1.7 Protective mask A device that protects the main parts of the eyes and face (8.2.1). 5.1.8 Face screen Face mask Eye protectors (5.1.1) covering the eyes and all or most of the face (8.2.1) can be directly installed using a bracket and/or headband (5.3.3) Mounted on the head, or mounted on a protective or non-protective helmet. Note 1. The terms face screen and face mask are usually used interchangeably, whether it is the entire equipment (including bracket, headband, frame or carrier), or only the lens and its sides Frame, as long as the eye and face protective equipment. Note 2. Refer to the definition of window (5.1.14). Note 3. Coverage may include part or all of the scalp, ears, throat and neck. Note 4. The protected area is defined in the relevant standard, and it should not be automatically assumed to be the same as the coverage area. 5.1.9 Blindfold Protective goggles that rest on the face (8.2.1) and tightly catch on the eye socket. 5.1.10 Hand mask Hand-held eye protector (5.1.1) (with or without light filtering function) for protecting eyes, all or part of the face (8.2.1). 5.1.11 helmet A hard hat made of impact-resistant material that is used to protect the wearer's head from one or more dangerous conditions specified. 5.1.12 Protective mask Wear it directly on the head with a stand or on a protective (or non-protective) helmet (5.1.11) to protect the eyes and all or part of the face (8.2.1) The eye protector (5.1.1). Note. This protection may also include protection of all or part of the scalp, ears, throat and neck. 5.1.13 glasses Glasses-type eye protectors (5.1.1). Note 1. The front end includes the beam and the lens on the nose, which can be molded into a whole, or the lens can be embedded or installed in a hole, respectively. Note 2. Both ends can be connected behind the head with a headband. Note 3. Glasses-type eye protectors may play a role of side protection. 5.1.14 Windows Eye protectors (5.1.1) for protecting the eyes or eyes and all or part of the face (8.2.1). Note 1. This term has multiple common usages. --- Sometimes it has the same meaning as face screen and face mask (5.1.8); --- Sometimes it only refers to the lens and its rim, if any, part of the screen and mask can protect the eyes and face Used for this); --- Sometimes it only means the lens and its rim, if any, it is installed on the helmet with or without protection function; --- Sometimes it only means the lens and its rim, if any, in a full-fit tight or loose fit respirator. Note 2. The protected area is defined in the relevant standards, but do not assume that the protected area is the area involved. 5.1.15 Clip mirror Design a pair of filters or a whole filter in front of or behind the glasses (5.1.13). 5.1.16 Prescription insert The device that places the prescription lens between the wearer's eye and the eye protector is attached to the inside of the eye protector (5.1.1). 5.1.17 Wire mesh A grill made of protective material is used to cover the open area. Note. Metal wire mesh can be woven or perforated, plastic wire mesh can be molded, woven or perforated. 5.1.18 Blink reflex When stimulated by strong light or subjected to other stimuli, the characteristics of human eyes closed in 0.25 seconds. 5.1.19 photophobia Symptoms of uncomfortable eyes when illuminated. Note 1. Photophobia occurs in early eye diseases (eg conjunctivitis, iritis, keratitis). Note 2. Photophobia is literally "phobia". 5.1.20 Protected area The area on the eye and face protector should be measured according to appropriate standards. Note. The measurement area may be divided into areas that require optical measurement and non-optical measurement, for example. a mask may have a width of 120mm and a depth of 50mm The area requires optical measurement, while a larger area including lenses requires non-optical hazard measurements. 5.1.21 Measuring area The area on the eye and face protectors measured according to appropriate standards. Note. The measurement area may be divided into areas requiring optical measurement and areas requiring non-optical measurement, for example. a protective mask may have a width of 120mm, The 50mm deep area requires optical measurement, as well as a much larger area, including lenses, that requires measurement of non-optical performance. 5.1.22 Minimum intensity When the surface is subjected to (quasi-static) external forces, the mechanical strength of the lens is resistant to fracture or deformation (5.1.24). 5.1.23 Static deformation When the surface is subjected to (quasi-static) external force, the lens or protective lens is bent or deformed. Note. This is the deformation produced at the lowest strength measurement. 5.1.24 Mech...

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