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GB/T 18771.1-2015 English PDF

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GB/T 18771.1-2015: Tobacco vocabulary -- Part 1: tobacco types and tobacco production
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GB/T 18771.1: Evolution and historical versions

Standard ID	Contents [version]	USD	STEP2	[PDF] delivered in	Standard Title (Description)	Status	PDF
GB/T 18771.1-2015	English	589	Add to Cart	5 days [Need to translate]	Tobacco vocabulary -- Part 1: tobacco types and tobacco production	Valid	GB/T 18771.1-2015
GB/T 18771.1-2002	English	919	Add to Cart	6 days [Need to translate]	Tobacco vocabulary -- Part 1: Tobacco cultivation, curing and grading	Obsolete	GB/T 18771.1-2002

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Basic data

Standard ID	GB/T 18771.1-2015 (GB/T18771.1-2015)
Description (Translated English)	Tobacco vocabulary -- Part 1: tobacco types and tobacco production
Sector / Industry	National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard	X87
Classification of International Standard	65.160
Word Count Estimation	28,227
Date of Issue	2015-10-09
Date of Implementation	2016-05-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard)	GB/T 18771.1-2002
Regulation (derived from)	National Standard Announcement 2015 No.31
Issuing agency(ies)	General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Summary	This standard specifies the type of tobacco and tobacco agricultural production of some of the terms. This standard applies to the field of scientific research, education, production, operation and management of the tobacco industry.

GB/T 18771.1-2015: Tobacco vocabulary -- Part 1: tobacco types and tobacco production

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Tobacco vocabulary.Part 1. tobacco types and tobacco production ICS 65.160 X87 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replaces GB/T 18771.1-2002 Tobacco terminology Part 1. Tobacco types and tobacco production 2015-10-09 release 2016-05-01 Implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Published by China National Standardization Administration

Foreword III 1 Scope 1 2 Tobacco type 1 3 Tobacco varieties and seeds 3 4 Tobacco cultivation 4 5 Tobacco pests and diseases 8 6 Tobacco harvesting and modulation 8 7 Tobacco Grading 10 8 Terms related to flavor tobacco 14 References 17 Index 18

Foreword

GB/T 18771 Tobacco Terminology is divided into the following 5 parts. --- Part 1. Tobacco type and tobacco production; --- Part 2. Tobacco products and tobacco processing; --- Part 3. Tobacco materials; --- Part 4. Quality evaluation and testing; --- Part 5. Tobacco machinery and tobacco-specific testing equipment. This part is the first part of GB/T 18771. This section is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This section replaces GB/T 18771.1-2002 "Tobacco terms Part 1. Tobacco cultivation, modulation and classification". This section is related to Compared with GB/T 18771.1-2002, in addition to editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. --- Modified the definition of standard names and some terms; --- Added common terms related to tobacco type and tobacco production; --- Removed infrequently used terms, such as "tied tobacco," "yanzhe", "orange-yellow", and "solar grill." This section is proposed by the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration. This section is under the jurisdiction of the National Tobacco Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC144). This section was drafted. China Tobacco Science and Technology Information Center, China Tobacco Corporation Qingzhou Tobacco Research Institute, China Tobacco Standardization Research center. The main drafters of this section. Zheng Xinzhang, Dong Zhijian, Yan Xinfu, Xu Lifeng, Hu Qixiu, Zhang Shihua, Wang Zhibo. The previous releases of this section are. --- GB/T 18771.1-2002. Tobacco terminology Part 1. Tobacco types and tobacco production

1 Scope

This part of GB/T 18771 specifies the types of tobacco and some of the terms used in tobacco agricultural production. This section applies to the scientific research, education, production, operation, management and other fields of the tobacco industry.

2 Tobacco types

2.1 Tobacco Plants of the genus Solanaceae and Nicotiana in the botanical classification. Most of the found Nicotiana species are wild There are two species used in cultivation, Nicotianatabacum L. (2.2.1) and Nicotianarustica L. (2.2.2). 2.2 Classification by botany 2.2.1 Saffron NicotianatabacumL. Common tobacco An important type of cultivated tobacco whose flower color is red (2.1). It is an annual herb with upright stems, single leaves alternate, without petiole or broad Wing-shaped stalks, various leaf shapes, common lanceolate, oblong, oval, or heart-shaped, terminal panicles, corolla funnel-shaped, flowers The color is mostly reddish, pink to dark red, the fruit is capsule, the whole plant has glandular hair, and the tobacco leaf is the main raw material of cigarette. Note. Flue-cured tobacco (2.3.1), sun-cured tobacco (2.3.2), air-cured tobacco (2.3.3), burley tobacco (2.3.3.1), Maryland tobacco (2.3.3.2), and spice tobacco (2.3.4), etc. All belong to safflower tobacco. 2.2.2 Boxwood NicotianarusticaL. A type of cultivated tobacco whose flower color is yellow (2.1). It is an annual herb with short plants, erect stems and few leaves (mostly 15 Below), single leaves alternate, petiole, leaf oval or heart-shaped, terminal inflorescence, corolla tube-shaped, bell-shaped, green-yellow, light yellow to yellow, fertility The period (4.2) is short and the cold resistance is strong. The method of tobacco leaf modulation (6.2) is mainly based on the sun, combined with drying. Note. Orchid tobacco, Mohe tobacco, and toad tobacco are all yellow tobacco. 2.2.3 Wild tobacco Annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, or tree-like plants with different morphologies and no commercial value of tobacco (2.1). Note. Tobacco (2.1) other than safflower tobacco (2.2.1) and yellow flower tobacco (2.2.2) are wild tobacco. 2.3 Classification by tobacco leaf modulation methods and biological traits 2.3.1 Flue-curedtobacco Tobacco leaves use tobacco (2.1) prepared by a baking facility (such as a roasting room) or equipment (6.2), and the tobacco leaves (6.2) are the main raw materials for cigarettes. 2.3.2 Sun-curedtobacco Tobacco leaves use tobacco (2.1) sun-dried (6.2.7), and the tobacco leaves after modulation (6.2) are made of pipe tobacco, hookah, chewing tobacco, and mixed cigarettes. raw material. Note. According to the tobacco leaf color (7.13) after modulation (6.2), it can be divided into sun-cured tobacco and sun-cured tobacco. 2.3.3 Air-curedtobacco Tobacco (2.1) is prepared in a drying facility or in a cool and ventilated place (6.2). Note. According to the tobacco leaf color (7.13) after modulation (6.2), it is divided into light-colored tobacco [burley (2.3.3.1), Maryland tobacco (2.3.3.2)] and dark-colored tobacco. 2.3.3.1 Burleytobacco The tobacco plant has a milky white stem and veins (2.1), which is a mutant of Maryland broad-leaved tobacco, which belongs to light-colored tobacco (2.3.3). The tobacco leaves have strong ability to absorb feed liquid and filling performance, and are the main raw materials of mixed cigarettes. 2.3.3.2 Maryland Tobacco Tobacco (2.1) originally named in Maryland, USA, belongs to light-colored tobacco (2.3.3), with broad leaves, denser stem nodes, and modulated tobacco The leaf smoke is fragrant, thin leaves, strong filling ability, and good flammability. It is the raw material of mixed cigarettes. 2.3.3.3 Cigartobacco The prepared tobacco leaves can be used as cigar tobacco raw materials (2.1), which belongs to air-cured tobacco (2.3.3), and is mostly cultivated in shade. Note. Cigar tobacco is divided into cigar outer skin tobacco (2.3.3.3.1), cigar inner skin tobacco (2.3.3.3.2) and cigar core tobacco (2.3.3.3.3). 2.3.3.3.1 Cigar Wrapper Tobacco Modified tobacco leaves are suitable for dark or light-colored air-cured tobacco (2.3.3) wrapped in rolled cigars (egg coat) .The tobacco leaves have thin leaves, fine veins, Fine structure and good flexibility. 2.3.3.3.2 Cigarbindertobacco Cigarbindertobacco Modified tobacco leaves are suitable for dark or light-colored dry tobacco (2.3.3) with inner foreskin (egg cover) that wraps or fixes the inner core of the cigar, It has the characteristics of coarser organization, better elasticity and tension. 2.3.3.3.3 Cigarfilertobacco Modified tobacco leaves are suitable for dark or light-colored air-filled tobacco (2.3.3) filled with cigar inner core (egg core). 2.3.4 Oriental Tobacco Tobacco (2.1) formed by long-term domestication under special ecological conditions such as the eastern coastal area of the Mediterranean, with thin plants, many leaves and small leaves It is broad oval or heart-shaped, and the modulation method of the tobacco leaf is to dry it before withering and yellowing (6.2.7). The tobacco leaf has a strong aroma after modulation. Aroma and good taste are important raw materials for flavor in many types of cigarettes. Note 1. Oriental tobacco is also known as Turkish or Oriental tobacco. Note 2. According to leaf shape, leaf color and quality, oriental tobacco can be divided into two types. Type B oriental tobacco (2.3.4.1) and Type S oriental tobacco (2.3.4.2). 2.3.4.1 B-type aromatic tobacco Basmatypeorientaltobacco The leaves are small (usually 8cm ~ 20cm in length), thick and long oval, without petiole, thin veins, mainly orange color, with soft aroma. Oriental tobacco (2.3.4) type. 2.3.4.2 S-type aromatic tobacco Samsuntypeorientaltobacco The leaves are small (usually 12cm ~ 22cm in length), heart-shaped, with petioles, thin veins, mainly brown and brown, with strong Scented and special flavored tobacco (2.3.4) type.

3 Tobacco varieties and seeds

3.1 Tobacco breeding Use of theories and techniques of genetics, breeding, molecular biology and other related disciplines to breed and create tobacco that meets production needs The process of new breeds. 3.2

Introduction

Introduce tobacco varieties (3.4) or germplasm materials from abroad or abroad as local breeding materials or directly promote their application after adaptation experiments Measures. Note. Rewrite GB/T 24309-2009, definition 3.1. 3.3 Transgenictobacco Tobacco with altered genome composition through genetic engineering or modern biotechnology (2.1). Note 1. Excludes tobacco derived from naturally occurring, artificial selection and crossbreeding techniques (2.1); excludes tobacco induced by chemical or physical methods (2.1); Tobacco obtained from organ, tissue or cell culture, protoplast fusion, and chromosome ploidy manipulation (2.1) is not included. Note 2. Rewrite GB/T 24310-2009, definition 3.1. 3.3.1 Controloftransgenictobacco Take effective measures to restrict or eliminate the process of planting, processing and market circulation of genetically modified tobacco (3.3). Note. Rewrite YC/T 194-2005, definition 3.3. 3.3.2 Genetically modified tobacco detectionoftransgenictobacco The specific marker sequence of transgenic tobacco (3.3) was determined to determine whether the sample has undergone artificial genetic modification. Note. Rewrite YC/T 194-2005, definition 3.4. 3.4 Tobaccovarieties Under certain ecological and economic conditions, artificial breeding or discovery according to needs has economic value, genetic stability and biological characteristics. Tobacco (2.1) population that is consistent and given the proper name. 3.5 Tobacco seeds tobaccoseed Tobacco (2.1) propagules developed from ovules through pollination and fertilization are composed of three parts. seed coat, embryo and endosperm. 3.6 Breeder'sseed The first batch of tobacco seeds (3.5) of breeds with stable genetic traits and specific and consistent breeders. Note. The original seed is also called breeder seed. 3.7 The original foundationseed Tobacco seeds (3.5) of the first generation propagated from the original stock (3.6) or produced in accordance with specific production technology regulations and meeting specified quality requirements Note. Rewrite GB/T 21138-2007, definition 3.3. 3.8 Thoroughbred certifiedseed Tobacco seeds for production (3.5) of the first generation or hybrid that are propagated with the original seed (3.7) and meet the specified quality requirements. Note. Rewrite GB/T 21138-2007, definition 3.4. 3.9 Tobacco coated seeds coatedtobaccoseed The tobacco seed formed after the processing is coated with a seed coating agent (3.5). 3.10 Priming Promote the repair of cell membranes, organelles, DNA and enzymes by controlling the tobacco seed (3.5) (slowly) absorbing water to keep it in the swell phase Activation is in the process of preparing for germination but the radicle has not yet broken through the seed coat. Note. Rewrite YC/T 368-2010, definition 3.2. 3.11 Pregermination Under certain light, temperature, water and air conditions, physical and chemical methods are used to promote the concentration and neat germination of tobacco seeds (3.5), so that the radicle can break through. The process of the seed coat (exposure). Note. Rewrite YC/T 368-2010, definition 3.1. 3.12 Germination energy Tobacco seeds (3.5) at the initial stage of germination (7d), the ratio of normal germinated seeds to the total number of tested seeds. Note 1. Germination potential is expressed as a percentage. Note 2. Rewrite GB/T 25240-2010, definition 3.2. 3.13 Germination rate Tobacco seeds (3.5) At the end of germination (14d), the ratio of normal germinated seeds to the total number of tested seeds. Note 1. The germination rate is expressed as a percentage. Note 2. Rewrite GB/T 25240-2010, definition 3.3.

4 Tobacco cultivation

4.1 Seedling In the greenhouse or seedling shed, the whole process of germination of tobacco seeds (3.5) to seedlings is completed through carriers such as seed beds or seedling trays. 4.1.1 Tray seedlingintray Tobacco seedlings (4.1) by using direct seedlings or fake planting of tobacco seedlings (4.1.3) on seedling trays to make tobacco seedlings complete the growing process in the tray. Note. Rewrite GB/T 25241.2-2010, definition 3.1. 4.1.2 Floating seedlinginfloatsystem Using a shaped polystyrene or other material grid as a carrier, after filling with a suitable artificially prepared matrix, the grid is floated Tobacco nursery (4.1) method to complete the seed germination and seedling process of nutrient-containing nursery water. Note. Rewrite GB/T 25241.1-2010, definition 3.1. 4.1.3 Pseudotransplantation When the seedlings have 4 to 5 true leaves, they are implanted into another seedbed, nutrition bag or nutrition bowl to cultivate tobacco seedlings. 4.1.4 Seedlingshardening Agronomic measures to adapt to the natural environment and improve resistance to stress, such as ventilation, light transmission, and control of water and fertilizer supply, are taken before tobacco seedlings are transplanted. 4.1.5 Clipping In order to control the growth of tobacco seedlings, agronomic operations were carried out to remove the 1/3 ~ 1/2 part of the leaves interlaced in the upper part of the tobacco seedlings. 4.1.6 Seedlingage Days from emergence to emergence (4.1.7). 4.1.7 Seedlingsdesingedtransplanting Tobacco seedlings suitable for transplanting. 4.2 Growth period The growth and development period of tobacco from sowing to seed maturity, the period from cultivation of tobacco to the end of tobacco leaf harvesting (6.1). 4.2.1 Seedling stage Period from sowing to seedling (4.1.7). 4.2.2 Sowingdate The date on which tobacco seeds (3.5) are planted into the mother bed or nursery tray, etc. 4.2.3 Emergence stage The period from sowing to 50% of the cotyledons of the seedlings fully expanded. 4.2.4 Two cross-shaped stage When the third true leaf appeared, the first and second true leaves were similar in size to the cotyledons, and they were crossed in a cross shape. 4.2.5 Fourcross-shapedstage When the fifth true leaf appeared, the third and fourth true leaves were similar in size to the first and second true leaves and crossed in a cross shape. 4.2.6 Dateofseedlingdesiredtransplanting 50% of the tobacco seedlings meet the requirements for strong seedlings suitable for transplanting, and the date when transplanting can be performed. 4.2.7 Field growth stage The entire growth and development period from the transplantation of tobacco seedlings to the end of tobacco leaf harvesting (6.1) (remaining in the field to the end of seed harvesting). 4.2.8 Transplantingdate The date when tobacco seedlings were planted in the field. 4.2.9 Seedlingrestitutionstage Tobacco seedlings from transplanting to survival. Note. After transplanting, more than 50% of the roots of tobacco seedlings will grow back, the leaves will be greener, and the sun will not wither. 4.2.10 Rootspreadingstage Tobacco seedlings from the survival to the period. 4.2.11 Rosettedate The number of leaves of 50% tobacco plants in the tobacco field is 12 to 13, and the ratio of the width of the lateral growth to the height of the vertical growth of the tobacco is about 2. 1. Plants resemble hemispherical dates. 4.2.12 Prosperous fastgrowingstage The period from tobacco plant to budding. 4.2.13 Flower-budappearingdate The date when the buds of 50% of the tobacco plants were fully exposed. 4.2.14 Early floweringdate The date when the first center flower of 10% of tobacco plants was opened was also called the flowering period. 4.2.15 Full flowering date The date when the first center flower of 50% of tobacco plants is open is also known as the flowering period. 4.2.16 Leafmaturestage The period from the emergence of tobacco plants to the end of tobacco leaf harvesting (6.1). 4.3 Characteristicsofmaturity When the tobacco leaves in the field matured (7.4.3), some characteristics of the tobacco leaves appeared. Note. Mature characteristics include yellowish green leaf color, yellow spots in the middle and upper tobacco leaves, fluff on the surface of tobacco leaves, sticky feel, main veins and parts Branch veins become white and shiny, leaf tips and leaf margins sag, and stem and leaf angles increase. 4.4 Physiologicalmature After the prolonged period, the tobacco plant had the most dry matter accumulation and the highest biological yield, and the leaves began to show some mature characteristics (4.3). 4.5 Technicalmature After physiological maturity, sufficient physiological and biochemical transformation occurs in the tobacco's internal substances, achieving the processability and reproducibility required by the raw materials of tobacco products. Usability, tobacco leaf quality reaches the best state. 4.6 Capsule mature capsulemature 50% capsules are yellow-green to yellow-brown, and most seeds are mature. 4.7 Early flower Under abnormal growth conditions such as drought and low temperature, the tobacco plant will not advance to the height and leaf number characteristics that the variety should have under normal cultivation Buds bloom. 4.8 Bottom baking withering Under abnormal growth conditions, the lower tobacco leaves of the tobacco plant have yellowed or withered early (6.2.8) before they reach normal maturity (7.4.3), and then dry. Withered phenomenon. 4.9 Returntogreen The yellow tobacco leaves that have entered the mature (4.5) stage in the field turn green again under special conditions (such as rainfall). 4.10 Black smoke stouttobaccoleaf Due to the excessive supply of fertilizer and water, the leaves in the mature stage remained dark green, brittle, thick and non-yellowing. 4.11 Topping In order to reduce the consumption of internal nutrients in tobacco plants due to flowering and fruiting, and to promote the distribution of nutrients in the body to the leaves to improve the quality of the tobacco leaves, An agronomic measure to remove the tops of tobacco plants. 4.12 Keepsuckersonstalk Tobacco plants show early flowering (4.7) or for some needs, early topping (4.11) is adopted to promote axillary bud growth and an axillary bud is selected for cultivation Agronomic measures. 4.13 Wiping suckering Agronomic operations for removing axillary buds in a timely manner after topping (4.11) of tobacco plants. 4.14 Suppressor suckercontrolagent Substances that have a killing or inhibiting effect on the axillary buds of tobacco plants. 4.15 Agronomicalcharacters Tobacco (2.1) has agronomic characteristics or characteristics related to growth and development. 4.16 Leaf age leafage The number of days from the emergence of tobacco leaves (about 2cm in length and about 0.5cm in width) to ripening (7.4.3) at harvest. [GB/T 23219-2008, definition 3.12] 4.17 Leaf shape The shape of the tobacco leaf is determined according to the aspect ratio of the blade and the position of the widest part of the blade. Tobacco (2.1) common leaf shapes are oval, egg Round, heart-shaped, and lanceolate. Note. The common leaf shapes of tobacco (2.1) are oval, oval, heart-shaped and lanceolate. 4.18 Planting density The number of tobacco plants per unit area of tobacco field. Note. Planting density is usually expressed as the number of plants per hectare. 4.19 Tobaccoyield The economical modulation (6.2) quality of tobacco leaves produced per unit of land area. Note. Tobacco yield is composed of three factors per unit area, number of leaves per plant, and quality of single leaf. 4.20 Tobacco quality The degree of superiority and weakness of the inherent characteristics of tobacco leaves. Note. Tobacco leaf quality usually includes sensory, physical and chemical qualities, etc., affected by location, color (7.13), maturity (7.4), leaf structure (7.5), identity (7.6), oil content (7.7), chroma (7.9), disability (7.10), damage (7.11) and other factors.

5 Tobacco pests

5.1 Tobaccodisease Tobacco (2.1) suffered from pathogenic organisms or other abiotic factors, and a series of morphological, physiological or biochemical pathological changes occurred Changes in the growth process have hindered the process of normal growth and development, resulting in reduced yield and output value, worsened quality, and even partial or whole plant death. Note. Rewrite GB/T 23222-2008, definition 2.1. 5.1.1 Tobaccoinfectiondisease A class of diseases caused by pathogens infecting tobacco (2.1). Note. According to the source of infection, it is divided into many types such as fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, viral diseases, nematode diseases, and parasitic seed plant diseases. 5.1.2 Tobacconon-infectiondisease Tobacco disease caused directly or indirectly by abiotic factors such as unsuitable climate, environment or physical chemistry (5.1). Note. Tobacco non-infectious diseases are also called physiological diseases or non-infectious diseases. 5.1.3 Incidence rate Percentage of diseased plants in the total number of investigated plants or plant organs (leaf, root, stem, fruit, seed, etc.) proportion. Note 1. Incidence is expressed as a percentage. Note 2. Rewrite YC/T 220-2007, definition 3.5. 5.1.4 Disease index The incidence of disease at the population level of tobacco (2.1) is a statistical result combining the incidence (5.1.3) and the severity of the disease. The value indicates the degree of onset. [GB/T 23222-2008, definition 2.3] 5.2 Tobaccopest Animals that can directly consume tobacco (2.1) or spread tobacco diseases (5.1) and cause loss of tobacco (2.1) growth or economic value. Note 1. Tobacco pests are mostly insects, including mites and molluscs. Note 2. Rewrite GB/T 23222-2008, definition 2.2. 5.2.1 Population density The number of live insects per unit area, unit mass, or tobacco infestation (2.1) per plant. 5.3 Loss rate Tobacco (2.1) was damaged by diseases and insects, and the loss of tobacco leaves accounted for the percentage of total tobacco leaf output or output value.

6 Tobacco harvesting and modulation

6.1 Harvest harvest The process of obtaining tobacco leaves by fractional leaf collection (6.1.1) or chopping stems. [ISO 10185..2004, definition 2.2.1] 6.1.1 (Dividing) leaf picking The method of harvesting mature (7.4.3) tobacco leaves in stages. [ISO 10185..2004, definition 2.2.2] 6.1.2 Harvesting whole plant stalkcutting Harvesting of the entire tobacco plant (tobacco leaves attached to the stem). [ISO 10185..2004, definition 2.2.3] 6.1.3 Half-cutting mixed cropting The lower tobacco leaves are harvested (6.1.1), and the upper tobacco leaves are cut. [ISO 10185..2004, definition 2.2.4] 6.2 Modulation Use natural temperature and humidity or artificially control the temperature and humidity to promote the corresponding change in tobacco color (7.13) To the drying process. Note. The modulation methods include baking (6.2.1), drying (6.2.5), and drying (6.2.7). 6.2.1 Flue-curing The harvested tobacco leaves are placed in a specific facility in a certain way, and the color of tobacco leaves is changed from green to yellow and artificially controlled by temperature and humidity The whole process of constant dehydration and drying. Note. Baking is usually divided into yellowing (6.2.9) stage, fixed color (6.2.10) stage, and dry tendon (6.2.11) stage. 6.2.2 Bakingcharacteristics Characteristics of tobacco leaf formed during growth and development, and manifested during curing (6.2.1). Note. The baking characteristics include easy baking (6.2.2.1) and baking resistance (6.2.2.2). 6.2.2.1 Easycuringpotential Tobacco leaves showed the characteristics of easy yellowing (6.2.9) and fixed color (6.2.10) during the curing process (6.2.1). Note. Rewrite YC/T 311-2009, definition 3.2. 6.2.2.2 Endurablecuringpotential The adaptability of tobacco leaves to the environment of curing (6.2.1) during yellowing (6.2.9) and fixation (6.2.10) and the characteristics of not being easily damaged. Note. Rewrite YC/T 311-2009, definition 3.3. 6.2.3 Dense baking bulkcuring Use tobacco charging methods such as tobacco clips, tobacco rods, and loose leaf stacking to tightly hang the harvested tobacco leaves or place them in the grill, using forced hot air circulation Tobacco curing (6.2.1) is performed in a ring manner. 6.2.4 Flue-curingbarn Special facilities for...

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