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GB/T 14198-2012 English PDF

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GB/T 14198-2012: General specification for microphones
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GB/T 14198: Evolution and historical versions

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GB/T 14198-2012English419 Add to Cart 3 days [Need to translate] General specification for microphones Valid GB/T 14198-2012
GB/T 14198-1993English559 Add to Cart 4 days [Need to translate] General specification for microphones Obsolete GB/T 14198-1993

PDF similar to GB/T 14198-2012


Standard similar to GB/T 14198-2012

GB/T 25102.7   GB/T 14471   GB/T 25102.13   GB/T 12060.21   GB/T 44021.1   GB/T 14197   

Basic data

Standard ID GB/T 14198-2012 (GB/T14198-2012)
Description (Translated English) General specification for microphones
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard M72
Classification of International Standard 33.160
Word Count Estimation 18,171
Older Standard (superseded by this standard) GB/T 14198-1993
Quoted Standard GB/T 2423.1-2008; GB/T 2423.2-2008; GB/T 2423.3-2006; GB/T 2423.6-1995; GB/T 2423.10-2008; GB/T 2828.1-2003; GB/T 2829-2002; GB 8898-2011; GB/T 12060.4-2012; GB/T 15212-1994; GB/T 15644-1995; GB/T 17626.2-2006; GB/T 17626.3-2006; GB/T 14197-2012
Regulation (derived from) National Standards Bulletin No. 41 of 2012
Issuing agency(ies) General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Summary This standard specifies the microphone classification, requirements, measuring methods, inspection rules, marking packaging and storage and transportation. This standard applies to language, music and other audio sound system within the scope of the gener

GB/T 14198-2012: General specification for microphones

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
General specification for microphones ICS 33.160 M72 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replacing GB/T 14198-1993 General specification for microphones 2012-12-31 release 2013-06-01 Implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People 's Republic of China China National Standardization Management Committee released

Foreword

This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard is GB/T 14198-1993 "General technical conditions for microphones" revision. This standard and GB/T 14198-1993 compared to the main changes are as follows. A) The name of this standard is changed from "Microphone General Technical Conditions" to "General Specifications for Microphones". B) increase the "catalog and preface" according to the requirements of GB/T 1.1; separate the "requirements" and "measurement methods" into two chapters. C) "Subject content and scope of application" to "scope", delete "and high fidelity microphone" in "scope", increase "does not apply to wireless Microphone, digital microphone ". D) In accordance with the requirements of GB/T 1.1, supplemented the "normative reference document" guide language. E) "Piezo Microphones" by "Classification by Type of Conversion Principle"; and in the "Equivalent Noise Level" column of Table 5, add " Device "required" note ". F) Remove the "YL" connector in the "Mechanical connection" section. Increase "Note 1. As specified in the product specification, this standard is not included Including the connector, you should be in the product specifications and product specifications that the use of the connector model and contact distribution. " G) Add "other frequency response" in the "frequency response" by product specification. H) In Table 4, remove the "400Ω" braces from "50Ω", "150Ω", "250Ω", "1kΩ" impedance values, and remove the "400Ω" Remove the "20kΩ" impedance of the brackets, remove the "4kΩ", "10kΩ" and "50kΩ". The series values listed in the table are preferred Impedance value. I) In Table 5, delete the "moving microphone" item, add "Note. moving coil microphone does not have this indicator." J) "directivity" in the original "directivity" to "point to the frequency characteristics", increase the "directional response pattern." Added in Table 6 A variety of directional types of microphones "directional response pattern" requirements, the increase in Table 7 specifies the measurement microphone "directivity response diagram The "directivity" to the "directional frequency characteristics" of the content in the "electro-acoustic performance measurement method" part of the increase Plus a "directional response pattern" of the measurement method. K) change the "pre-amplifier overload output equivalent sound pressure level" to "overload sound pressure level", the requirement is "in the frequency of 250Hz ~ 8kHz Fan Within the microphone, the total harmonic distortion of the output voltage of the microphone is not more than 1% of the maximum sound pressure level specified by the product specification, but not less than 114dB. " L) in the "other performance" in the "power frequency of the external magnetic field caused by the equivalent sound pressure level" to "external magnetic field caused by the equivalent sound pressure level"; Delete the "wind caused by the equivalent sound pressure level" in the "measurement method" at the same time delete the corresponding measurement method clause; increase "electrostatic discharge Immunity "and" electromagnetic field (RF) caused by the equivalent sound pressure level "requirements, in the" electrostatic discharge test "delete" output change allowed Within ± 3 dB "and specify the corresponding measurement method in the" Measurement method "chapter. M) In the "Inspection Rules" section add "identification test". N) In the "Table 14 batch test items, unqualified classification, inspection level and AQL value" will be "A group of test level Ⅱ A The AQL value of the unqualified product is changed to 1.0, the AQL value of the unqualified product of class B in S-2 is changed to 2.5, The AQL value of category A nonconforming product in test level II is changed to 1.0 ". This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. This standard is nationalized by the National Audio, Video and Multimedia Systems and Equipment Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC242). The drafting unit of this standard. Beijing Seventy-seven Sound Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard. Hua Zixing, Wang Jing, Yao Guofeng, Yang Baogen, Yan Xin. This standard replaced the previous version of the standard release. --- GB/T 14198-1993. General specification for microphones

1 Scope

This standard specifies the classification, requirements, measurement methods, inspection rules, marking packaging and storage transportation of the microphone. This standard applies to language, music and other audio within the scope of the general sound system equipment with a microphone, not for wireless microphone, digital transmission Sound device. A microphone suitable for use in this standard includes, for example, a transformer, a preamplifier, or other parts that make up the complete part of the microphone, Set the output of all devices.

2 normative reference documents

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, the only dated edition applies to this article Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all modifications) applies to this document. GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2. Test methods - Test A. Low temperature (idt IEC 60068-2-1..1990) GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2. Test methods - Test B. High temperature (idt IEC 60068-2-2..1994) GB/T 2423.3-2006 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2. Test methods - Test Cab. constant damp heat test (IEC 60068-2-78..2001, IDT) GB/T 2423.6-1995 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2. Test methods - Test Eb and guidance. Collisions (IdtIEC 68-2-29. 1987) GB/T 2423.10-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2. Test methods - Test Fc. Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6..1995, IDT) GB/T 2828.1-2003 Sampling inspection procedures - Part 1. Patch inspection by retrieval of quality limit (AQL) Plan (ISO 2859-1..1999, IDT) GB/T 2829-2002 Periodic inspection counting Sampling procedures and tables (for inspection of the stability of the production process) GB 8898-2011 Safety requirements for audio, video and similar electronic equipment (eqvIEC 60065..1998) GB/T 12060.4-2012 Sound system equipment - Part 4. Microphone measurement method (IEC 60268-4..2004, IDT) GB/T 14197-2012 Preferred mating values for audio, video and audiovisual systems interconnection (IEC 61938..1996, IDT) GB/T 15212-1994 Application of connectors for broadcast and similar sound systems (eqvIEC 60268-12. 1987) GB/T 15644-1995 Application of connectors for interconnection of audiovisual systems (neq IEC 60574-3. 1983) GB/T 17626.2-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement techniques Electrostatic discharge immunity test (IEC 61000-4-2..2001, IDT) GB/T 17626.3-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement techniques Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation immunity test (IEC 61000-4- 3..2002, IDT)

3 terms and definitions

GB/T 12060.4-2012 Definitions of terms and definitions apply to this document.

4 classification

4.1 Classification according to the principle of conversion principle Microphones according to the principle of energy conversion can be divided into electric, capacitive and piezoelectric microphone. See Table 1. Table 1 Classification by the principle of conversion principle Name transposition principle Moving coil microphone electric type Capacitive microphone Electret microphone Capacitive Piezo Microphone Piezoelectric 4.2 Classification by directivity type The microphone can be divided into omnidirectional, unidirectional (heart-shaped, supercardioid and super-pointing) and bidirectional microphones according to the directivity type. The chart is shown in Table 2. Table 2 Classification by directivity type and legend Directivity type legend Omnidirectional unidirectional Heart-shaped Super heart-shaped Super pointing Two-way

5 requirements

5.1 Conditions of Use The conditions of use of the microphone are specified by the product specification. 5.2 Safety requirements When the microphone is equipped with power supply to the grid, the safety requirements of the microphone shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB 8898-2001. 5.3 Dimensions and appearance quality 5.3.1 Dimensions The dimensions of the microphone shall conform to the product specifications. 5.3.2 Appearance quality The appearance of the microphone should be neat, the mark should be clear, there should be no mechanical damage, riveting, welding, adhesive and thread fastening should be solid and reliable. Components Coating should meet product specification requirements. 5.4 Polarity and interconnection 5.4.1 Polarity When the microphone diaphragm is moved inward (i.e., the sound pressure is increased), the output terminal generating the instantaneous positive voltage is defined as the positive terminal. 5.4.2 interconnection 5.4.2.1 Mechanical connection A) Connect the microphone to the output line The connection of the microphone to the output line shall be connected according to the connector specified in GB/T 15212-1994 and GB/T 15644-1995 Or direct connection in two ways. The connection shall be in accordance with the requirements of Table 3 when connecting with the connector. Internal electret microphone Only use direct connection. Table 3 Connector and contact assignment Pin connector Contact number model Output the way Contact arrangement Description YS1c (XLR) Single channel (Balanced) Shielded signal loop - Single channel (Unbalanced) Shielding and Loop Signal b - - Preferred model YC Single channel (Balanced) Signal Shielded Loop - - Single channel (Unbalanced) signal shield And loop - - - YC Dual channel (Balanced) Left channel signal shield Left channel Loop Right channel signal Right channel Loop Dual channel (Unbalanced) Left channel signal shield And loop Right channel signal stereo microphone dedicated Table 3 (continued) Pin connector Contact number model Output the way Contact arrangement Description YS1c (XLR) Dual channel (Balanced) shield Left pass Road signal Left channel signal Right pass Road signal Right channel signal Dual channel (Unbalanced) Shielding and Loop Left pass Road signal Right pass Road signal A This is the positive end of the output of the microphone. B If the non-balanced amplifier input accepts the balanced microphone, the amplifier's connector contacts 3 (or 3 and 5) should be connected to contact 1. CXLR for YS1 connector foreign counterpart model. Note 1. If a connector not included in this standard is specified in the product standard, the connector model and the type of connector to be used in the product specifications and product specifications Contact distribution Note 2. The internal electret microphone refers to the electret microphone in the machine (such as tape recorders, mobile phones, etc.). B) The connection of the microphone chuck to the bracket The connection of the microphone chuck to the bracket shall be made with a conventional coarse M10 thread or through an additional adapter to the M10 thread In the chuck end with internal thread, bracket end with external thread. 5.4.2.2 Electrical connection The rated load impedance of the microphone shall be five times greater than or equal to the rated impedance of the microphone, as specified in ISO /IEC 14197-2012. Note. This refers only to impedance matching. 5.5 electroacoustic performance 5.5.1 Language detection After the power is turned on, the microphone should not be working abnormally. For example. should not exist when the volume is small, sometimes no or hair Abnormal sound and other serious impact on the normal use of the phenomenon. 5.5.2 Frequency response 5.5.2.1 Free field frequency response The typical frequency response curve of the microphone should not exceed the tolerances shown in the solid line in Figure 1, where the typical of the omni-directional electret microphone The frequency response can be performed as shown by the solid line shown in Figure 2. The tolerance of a single microphone free field frequency response to a typical frequency response can be Different frequency bands stipulate that the tolerance of different frequency bands is specified by product specification. Note 1. If the required effective frequency range is wider than the range indicated by the solid line in the figure, the excess should extend in the dotted line in the figure. Note 2. If the frequency range given by the product standard is narrower than the frequency range indicated by the solid line, the tolerance of the frequency response curve should be met within this frequency range The provisions in the drawings, or agreed by the manufacturer and the ordering party. 5.5.2.2 Other types of frequency response By the product standards. 5.5.3 Free field sensitivity (level) Microphone rated free field sensitivity (level) by the product standard. Single-cell free-field sensitivity level with rated free field sensitivity Degree of tolerance compared to ± 3dB. A) Directivity type is omnidirectional microphone Typical frequency response curve tolerance range B) Directivity type is a one-way, two-way microphone typical frequency response curve tolerance range figure 1 figure 2 5.5.4 Output impedance The rated impedance of the microphone should be the series of values listed in Table 4. The tolerance of the output impedance of a single microphone to the rated impedance is ± 30%. Table 4 Output impedance units in ohms Group output impedance Low resistance 50,150,200,250,600,1000 High resistance.2000,20000 5.5.5 Equivalent noise level The equivalent noise level of the microphone shall be in accordance with Table 5. Table 5 Equivalent noise level units in decibels Name Equivalent Noise Level (A Weighted) Capacitance microphone ≤ 26 Electret microphone ≤ 36 The moving microphone does not have this indicator. Piezo microphones, as specified by the product standards. 5.5.6 Directivity 5.5.6.1 Overview The directivity of the microphone can be represented by a directional response pattern and a directional frequency characteristic, as specified by the product specification. This article does not require an internal electret microphone. 5.5.6.2 Directional response pattern The directivity response pattern of the microphone refers to the sensitivity of the microphone and the incident angle θ of the acoustic wave at a certain frequency (or narrow band) Functional relationship. The microphone directivity response pattern is related to the frequency (or narrow band). The Requirement and Tolerance of the Microphone Directional Response Pattern Together with the provisions of Table 6. The frequency of measurement is specified in Table 7. Measurement frequency (or narrow band) can also be specified by the product specification, but the measurement frequency should be a lot 3 frequency points including 1 kHz. If the ordering party otherwise requires, the microphone of the directional response pattern and measurement frequency (or narrow frequency ), Or by the manufacturer and the purchaser. Table 6 Directional response pattern units in decibels Directivity type Rotation angle θ Sensitivity (level) Difference Tolerance Omni-directional omniance 0 ± 2 One-way 180 ° or 135 ° ≤-8 - Two-way 90 ° ≤-20 - 180 ° 0 ± 2 Note. The sensitivity (level) difference is the sensitivity of the microphone at the angle θ when the sensitivity and 0 ° angle (forward) compared to the value of the value. Table 7 measures the frequency units in Hertz Measurement frequency 125,250,500,1k, 2k, 4k, 8k, 16k 5.5.6.3 Directional frequency characteristics The directivity characteristic of the microphone refers to the free field sensitivity at 0 ° when the microphone rotates at a corresponding angle in a certain frequency range (Forward) free field sensitivity difference between the directivity characteristics and tolerance should be consistent with the provisions of Table 8. If the order is otherwise required , The directional frequency characteristics of the microphone can also be determined by the manufacturer and the ordering party. Table 8 Directional frequency characteristics Directional type rotation angle θ Frequency Range Hz Sensitivity level difference DB Tolerance DB Omnidirectional 90 ° 400 ~ 2k 0 ≤ 2 ≥-2 One-way 180 ° or 135 ° 300 ~ 2k ≤-8 - Two-way 90 ° 100 ~ 4k ≤-20 - Note. The sensitivity (level) difference is the sensitivity of the microphone at the angle θ when the sensitivity and 0 ° angle (forward) compared to the value of the value. 5.5.7 Overload sound pressure level In the frequency of 250Hz ~ 8kHz range, the microphone output voltage of the total harmonic distortion of not more than 1% of the maximum sound pressure level by the product regulations Fan regulations, but not less than 114dB. (Reference sound pressure is 2 × 10-5Pa.) 5.6 other performance 5.6.1 Equivalent sound pressure level caused by external magnetic field In a magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz, a magnetic field strength of 1A/m and a frequency of 1 kHz and 16 kHz and a magnetic field strength of 0.1 A/m, The equivalent sound pressure level of the output of the microphone should be less than 54dB. 5.6.2 Electrostatic discharge immunity 5.6.2.1 The microphone shall be capable of withstanding ± 4 kV contact discharge and ± 8 kV air discharge. (Positive and negative voltage values are relative to ground potential.) 5.6.2.2 Electrostatic discharge test, should meet the GB/T 17626.2-2006 in Chapter 9 of the requirements. the microphone should be within the specified limits Performance is normal; the function of the microphone during the test is allowed to be temporarily affected, but can be restored on its own. 5.6.3 Equivalent sound pressure level caused by electromagnetic field (RF) 5.6.3.1 The microphone shall exhibit the minimum immunity to the electromagnetic field and the corresponding electric field strength in the following radio frequency range. Frequency modulation of 1kHz, sine modulation of 30% of the amplitude modulation and frequency of 1kHz to 22.5kHz carrier signal modulation FM wave. Electromagnetic field strength of 10V/m. 5.6.3.2 The position of the microphone in the electromagnetic field shall comply with the requirements of clause 9 of GB/T 17626.3-2006. The performance of the microphone within the specified limit of normal performance; microphone in the electromagnetic field (RF) output of the equivalent sound pressure level should be less than 54dB. 5.7 Environmental Adaptability Requirements 5.7.1 High temperature The microphone by the temperature of 55 ℃ ± 2 ℃, time for 2h after the high temperature test should meet the requirements of these standards 5.3.2 and 5.5.1; The change of the free field sensitivity level specified in 5.5.3 before and after the test should be ± 3dB. 5.7.2 constant hot and humid The microphone by the temperature of 40 ℃ ± 2 ℃, relative humidity of 90% to 95%, time 48h constant hot and humid test should meet the standard The requirements of 5.3.2 and 5.5.1 shall not exceed ± 3 dB in the free field sensitivity level specified in 5.5.3 before and after the test. 5.7.3 Low temperature The temperature of the microphone after the temperature of -40 ℃ ± 3 ℃, time for 2h after the low temperature test should meet the requirements of 5.3.2 and 5.5.1 The change in the sensitivity of the free field specified in 5.5.3 before and after the test shall be ± 3 dB. 5.7.4 Vibration (sinusoidal) The vibration (sine) test of the microphone is carried out as required in Table 9. The vibration (sine) test shall comply with the requirements of 5.3.2 and 5.5.1 of this standard , The free field sensitivity level specified in 5.5.3 before and after the test shall not exceed ± 3 dB. Table 9 Vibration (sinusoidal) test Frequency Range Hz Single amplitude Mm A scan time Min Total test time Min 10 ~ 35 ~ 10 0.55 3 30 35 ~ 55 ~ 35 0.15 3 30 5.7.5 Collision The crash test of the microphone is carried out according to the requirements of Table 10. After the collision test should meet the requirements of this standard 5.3.2 and 5.5.1, test The free field sensitivity level specified in 5.5.3 should be ± 3dB. Table 10 Collision test Acceleration M/s2 Pulse duration Ms repeat frequency Hz Number of collisions 100 ± 10 16 60 ~ 80 1000 ± 10 5.7.6 fall The packaged microphone shall be subjected to a five-sided drop test (except for the top surface) in accordance with the quality and height specified in Table 11, and the drop test shall comply with this Standards 5.3.2 and 5.5.1 requirements, 5.5.3 before and after the test of the free field sensitivity level changes should be ± 3dB. Table 11 Drop test Microphone large box quality Kg Drop height Cm Falling face M ≤ 10 80 10 \u003cm≤25 60 25 \u003cm≤50 45 50 \u003cm≤75 35 75 \u003cm≤100 30

6 measurement method

6.1.1 Normal atmospheric conditions Unless otherwise specified, the measurement of the technical requirements of this standard is generally carried out under the following atmospheric conditions for measurement. Ambient temperature. 15 ℃ ~ 35 ℃; Relative humidity. 25% ~ 75%; Air pressure. 86kPa ~ 106kPa. 6.1.2 Arbitration of atmospheric conditions In the event of a dispute, shall be carried out under the following atmospheric conditions of arbitration. Ambient temperature. 23 ℃ ± 1 ℃; Relative humidity. 63% ~ 67%; Air pressure. 86kPa ~ 106kPa. 6.2 Dimensions and appearance quality 6.2.1 Dimensions are checked with gauges that meet the specified accuracy. 6.2.2 Appearance quality with visual inspection, feel or according to the appropriate standards for inspection. 6.3 Polarity According to GB/T 12060.4-2012 6.1 in the provisions of. 6.4 Electroacoustic performance 6.4.1 Language detection As shown in Figure 3, use the language signal to listen. image 3 6.4.2 Frequency response 6.4.2.1 Free field frequency response According to the provisions of 4.6.1 in GB/T 12060.4-2012. 6.4.2.2 Other types of frequency response According to the provisions of 4.6.1 in GB/T 12060.4-2012. 6.4.3 Free field sensitivity (level) According to the provisions of 10.2.1.2 in GB/T 12060.4-2012. 6.4.4 Output impedance According to the provisions of 9.1.2 of GB/T 12060.4-2012. 6.4.5 Equivalent noise level According to GB/T 12060.4-2012 in the provisions of 16.2. 6.4.6 Directivity 6.4.6.1 Directional response pattern According to the provisions of GB/T 12060.4-2012 12.1.2a). 6.4.6.2 Directional frequency characteristics According to the provisions of GB/T 12060.4-2012 12.1.2b). 6.4.7 Overload sound pressure level According to GB/T 12060.4-2012 in the provisions of 14.2.2. 6.5 other performance 6.5.1 Equivalent sound pressure level caused by external magnetic field According to GB/T 12060.4-2012 in the provisions of 18.2.2. 6.5.2 Electrostatic discharge immunity According to the provisions of GB/T 12060.4-2012 18.7. 6.5.3 Equivalent sound pressure level caused by electromagnetic field (RF) According to GB/T 12060.4-2012 in the provisions of 18.6.2. 6.6 Environmental tests 6.6.1 Environmental test items and test sequence A) high temperature test; B) constant damp heat test; C) low temperature test; D) vibration (sine) test; E) crash test; F) drop test. 6.6.2 Performance check The performance of the samples (including appearance, structure and electro-acoustic performance) should be carried out prior to the environmental test. Appearance, structure according to the provisions of 5.3.2 inspection Check, electro-acoustic performance according to the provisions of 5.5 inspection. 6.6.3 High temperature test The microphone into the high temperature box, and gradually increase the temperature inside the box to 55 ℃ ± 2 ℃ start timing, constant temperature 2h after removal, in the measurement standard Quasi-atmospheric conditions to restore after 2h check. The test equipment shall comply with the requirements of clause 25 of GB/T 2423.2-2001. 6.6.4...

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