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GB 55016-2021: Standard for daylighting design of buildings
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| GB 55016-2021 | English | 2019 |
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Standard for daylighting design of buildings
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GB 55016-2021
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 55016-2021 (GB55016-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Standard for daylighting design of buildings | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P31 | | Word Count Estimation | 100,138 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation | GB 55016-2021: Standard for daylighting design of buildings---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General
1.0.1 In order to ensure the safety and health of the building environment, improve the living environment level and project quality, and meet the people's requirements for the quality of the building environment, this specification is formulated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.
1.0.2 The design, testing and acceptance of the acoustic environment, light environment, building thermal engineering and indoor air quality of auxiliary office buildings in new construction, reconstruction and expansion of civil buildings and industrial buildings must comply with this specification.
1.0.3 The building environment should meet the basic requirements of human health for sound, light, heat environment and air quality.
1.0.4 Whether the technical methods and measures adopted in the project construction meet the requirements of this specification shall be judged by the relevant responsible parties. Among them, innovative technical methods and measures should be demonstrated and meet the performance requirements in this specification.
2 Building Acoustic Environment
2.1 General provisions
2.1.1 Noise interference should be reduced indoors in civil buildings, and measures such as sound insulation, sound absorption, noise elimination, and vibration isolation should be taken to make the building acoustic environment meet the functional requirements.
2.1.2 When noise and vibration-sensitive buildings are located in Class 2, Class 3 or Class 4 acoustic environment functional areas, the environmental noise and environmental vibration of the location where the building is located shall be investigated and measured prior to architectural design. The classification of acoustic environment functional areas shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A of this specification.
2.1.3 The noise limits and applicable conditions for the external noise sources of the building to be transmitted to the main functional rooms shall meet the following requirements.
1 The noise limit value transmitted from the external noise source of the building to the interior of the main functional room shall meet the requirements in Table 2.1.3;
2 The noise limit should be the limit when the doors and windows are closed;
3 The day time period should be from 6.00 to 22.00, and the night time period should be from 22.00 to 6.00 the next day. When there are other local regulations on the division of daytime and nighttime, those regulations shall be followed.
2.1.4 The noise limit value transmitted from the building equipment to the main functional room shall meet the requirements in Table 2.1.4.
2.1.5 The Z-vibration level limit and applicable conditions in the main functional room shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The Z-vibration level limit in main functional rooms shall comply with the provisions in Table 2.1.5;
2 The daytime period should be from 6.00 to 22.00, and the nighttime period should be from 22.00 to 6.00 the next day. When there are other local regulations on the division of daytime and nighttime, those regulations shall be followed.
2.2 Sound insulation, sound absorption and noise reduction design
2.2.1 The enclosure structure of noise-sensitive rooms shall be designed for sound insulation. The sound insulation performance of the enclosure structure of the noise-sensitive room shall be determined according to the outdoor noise situation and the indoor noise limit value of the noise-sensitive room specified in Table 2.1.3 of this code. The sound insulation performance of the enclosure structure in a noise-sensitive room shall be determined according to the noise outside the room and the indoor noise limit of the noise-sensitive room specified in Table 2.1.4 of this code.
3.1.3 Lighting settings should meet the following requirements.
1 When the normal lighting power supply fails in the following places, emergency lighting shall be installed.
1) In places where work or activities cannot be interrupted, backup lighting should be installed;
2) Safety lighting should be installed in places where people are in potential danger;
3) Where personnel need to effectively identify the evacuation path, evacuation lighting should be installed.
2 On-duty lighting should be set up for places on duty or patrolling during non-working hours at night.
3 For places that need to be guarded, guard lighting should be set up according to the requirements of the guarding range.
4 On buildings (structures) that may endanger navigation safety, obstacle lighting shall be installed in accordance with relevant national regulations.
3.1.4 For light environment facilities accessible to personnel, when the surface temperature is higher than 70°C, isolation protection measures should be taken.
3.1.5 It is strictly forbidden to use lamps with electric shock protection category 0 in various places.
3.2 Lighting design
3.2.1 The daylighting design shall determine the daylighting level according to the building features and functions.
3.2.2 The daylighting design shall take the daylighting coefficient as the evaluation index, and shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The standard value of daylighting grade and daylighting coefficient shall comply with the provisions in Table 3.2.2-1.
2 The photoclimate division should be determined according to Appendix B of this specification. The photoclimate coefficient of each photoclimate zone shall be determined according to Table 3.2.2-2.
3.2.3 Places with high demand for natural lighting shall meet the following requirements.
1 The lighting level of bedrooms, living rooms and general wards should not be lower than the requirements of level IV;
2 The daylighting level of ordinary classrooms should not be lower than the requirements of level III;
3 The lighting uniformity of the side lighting of ordinary classrooms should not be lower than 0.5.
3.2.4 The reflectance of each indoor surface in the long-time working or studying place shall comply with the provisions in Table 3.2.4.
3.2.5 Places where you work or stay for a long time should be equipped with measures to prevent direct glare, reflected glare, reflections and light curtain reflections.
3.2.6 The indoor ceiling, floor and wall of the museum exhibition hall should choose matte finish materials; the storage area for light-sensitive exhibits or collections should not have direct sunlight, and the lighting openings should reduce ultraviolet radiation, adjust and limit the value of natural light. and measures to reduce exposure time.
3.2.7 The color transmittance index of daylighting windows in main functional rooms should not be lower than 80.
3.2.8 The building shall meet the following requirements when setting up glass curtain walls.
1 When glass curtain walls are set up in residential buildings, hospitals, primary and secondary schools, kindergartens, main road intersections, and areas with heavy traffic flow, the impact analysis of the reflected light of glass curtain walls should be carried out;
2 In the place of working or staying for a long time, the continuous residence time of the light reflected by the glass curtain wall on the window sill should not exceed 30 minutes;
3 Within the vertical angle of 20°, the horizontal angle of ±30°, and the driving distance of 100m in the driving direction of the driver, the glass curtain wall should not cause continuous harmful reflected light to the driver of the motor vehicle.
3.3 Interior Lighting Design
3.3.1 Indoor lighting design should determine the lighting level, lighting method and lighting type according to the building function and visual operation requirements.
3.3.2 The selection of lamps should meet the requirements of the site environment and meet the following requirements.
1 The lamps used in places with explosive hazards should have explosion-proof protection measures;
2 Clean lamps should be used in places with cleanliness requirements, and should meet the relevant regulations for clean places;
3 The lamps used in places with corrosive gas should meet the anti-corrosion requirements.
3.3.3 For places with high light environment requirements, the illumination level should meet the following requirements.
1.The uniformity of illuminance should not be lower than 0.6 in places where continuous long-term visual operations are performed;
2 The average illuminance of the classroom writing board surface should not be lower than 500 lx, and the uniformity of illuminance should not be lower than 0.8;
3 The illuminance of the operating room should not be lower than 750 lx, and the uniformity of illuminance should not be lower than 0.7;
4 The illuminance of exhibit halls that are particularly sensitive to light should not exceed 50 lx, and the annual exposure should not exceed 50 klx·h; the illuminance of exhibit halls that are sensitive to light should not exceed 150 lx, and the annual exposure should not exceed 360 klx·h h.
3.3.4 For places with long-term visual work, the unified glare value UGR should not be higher than 19.
3.3.5 For rooms or places where you work or stay for a long time, the color characteristics of the lighting source should meet the following requirements.
1 The color tolerance of similar products should not be greater than 5SDCM;
2 The general color rendering index (Ra) should not be lower than 80;
3 The special color rendering index (R9) should not be less than 0.
3.3.6 Non-hazardous (RG0) lamps should be used in places where children and young people study or do activities for a long time; non-hazardous (RG0) or Class 1 hazard (RG1) lamps should be used in places where other personnel work or stay for a long time or meet the requirements of Luminaires for Class 2 Hazardous (RG2) luminaires marked with viewing distance requirements.
3.3.7 The flicker index (PstLM) of the light source and lamps used in each place should not be greater than 1; the stroboscopic effect visibility (SVM) of the light source and lamps used in places where children and teenagers study or play for a long time should not be greater than 1.0.
3.3.8 For places with high requirements for color identification, the general color rendering index (Ra) of the lighting source should not be lower than 90.
3.3.9 For the storage area of light-sensitive and particularly sensitive exhibits or collections, the relative ultraviolet content of the light source used should be less than 20μW/1m.
3.3.10 The brightness and contrast of the evacuation lighting and safety signs set up in each place shall meet the fire safety requirements.
3.3.11 The illuminance standard value of standby lighting shall meet the following requirements.
1.The normal lighting failure may endanger life and safety, and in medical places where normal work needs to continue, the backup lighting should maintain the illuminance of normal lighting;
2.The illuminance of standby lighting for high-risk sports venues should not be lower than 50% of the standard value of general lighting illuminance for this place;
3 Unless otherwise specified, the illuminance value of standby lighting in other places shall not be lower than 10% of the standard value of general lighting illuminance in this place.
3.3.12 The illuminance standard value of safety lighting shall meet the following requirements.
1 For special medical places where failure of normal lighting may put patients in potential life-threatening danger, the illuminance of safety lighting should be the illuminance value of normal lighting;
2 The average horizontal illuminance value of the safety lighting of large-scale event venues and auditoriums should not be less than 20 lx;
3 Unless otherwise specified, the illuminance value of the safety lighting in other places shall not be lower than 10% of the standard value of the general lighting illuminance of the place, and shall not be lower than 15 lx.
3.4 Outdoor lighting design
3.4.1 The illuminance value and general color rendering index of outdoor public areas shall comply with the provisions in Table 3.4.1.
3.4.2 The maximum value of the uplight flux ratio of road, pedestrian and non-motor vehicle lane lighting fixtures in the park shall not be greater than the specified value in Table 3.4.2.
3.4.3 When outdoor night scene lighting is installed, the impact on the living room shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The vertical surface illuminance generated on the outer surface of the window in the living space shall not be greater than the specified value in Table 3.4.3-1.
2 The luminous intensity of night scene lighting fixtures towards the living room shall not be greater than the specified value in Table 3.4.3-2.
3 When flickering night scene lighting is used, the maximum permissible value of the luminous intensity of the corresponding lamps toward the living room shall not be greater than 1/2 of the value specified in Table 3.4.3-2.
3.4.4 Building facades and signage surfaces shall meet the following requirements.
1 The average brightness of building facades and signage surfaces should not be greater than the specified values in Table 3.4.4.
2 In E1 and E2 areas, flashing and cyclic combined luminous signs should not be used, and such signs should not be set close to residential windows in all environmental areas.
3.4.5 When flood lighting is used for outdoor lighting, the projected range shall be controlled, and the spilled light scattered outside the illuminated surface shall not exceed 20%.
3.5 Testing and acceptance
3.5.1 During the completion acceptance, the lighting and lighting shall be tested according to the building type and functional requirements.
3.5.2 The lighting measurement items should include lighting coefficient, lighting uniformity, reflectance and color transmittance index.
3.5.3 Lighting measurement shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The measurement items of each main functional room or place in the room shall include illuminance, illuminance uniformity, unified glare value, color temperature, color rendering index, flicker index and stroboscopic effect visibility;
2 The measurement items of outdoor public area lighting shall include illuminance, color temperature, color rendering index and brightness;
3 Under emergency lighting conditions, the measurement items should include the illuminance of each place and the surface brightness of lamps.
4 Building thermal engineering
4.1 General provisions
4.1.1 The building thermal design should be compatible with the regional climate. Building climate zoning shall comply with the provisions of Appendix C of this specification.
4.1.2 During building design, thermal insulation, heat-proof and moisture-proof design shall be carried out according to the building thermal design division of the building location. Building thermal design zoning shall comply with the provisions of Appendix D of this code.
4.2 Thermal insulation design
4.2.1 Buildings in severe cold, cold, hot summer and cold winter, and mild zone A shall be designed for thermal insulation.
4.2.2 The difference between the inner surface temperature of the non-light-transmitting enclosure structure and the indoor air temperature shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.2.2.
4.3 Heat-proof design
4.3.1 Buildings in hot summer and warm winter, hot summer and cold winter regions and cold zone B shall be designed for heat protection.
4.3.2 Given the air temperature on both sides and its changing law, the maximum temperature on the inner surface of the outer wall and roof shall meet the requirements in Table 4.3.2.
4.3.3 In the case of given air temperature on both sides and change law, the calculation of the inner surface temperature of the non-transparent enclosure structure shall meet the following requirements.
1 The one-dimensional unsteady method shall be used for calculation, and the corresponding boundary conditions shall be determined according to the operating conditions of the room;
2 The calculation model should select the flat wall part of the exterior wall and roof;
3 When two or more different structures are used for the external wall and roof, and the areas of each part are equal, the calculations for each structure are to be carried out separately, and the calculation result of the internal surface temperature shall be the highest value.
4.4 Moisture-proof design
4.4.1 The heat bridge part in the non-transparent enclosure structure of the heating building shall be checked for surface condensation, and insulation measures shall be taken to ensure that the temperature of the inner surface of the heat bridge is higher than the dew point temperature of the room air.
4.4.2 The surface condensation check calculation of the thermal bridge part of the non-light-transmitting enclosure structure shall meet the following requirements.
1 When the calculated outdoor temperature is lower than 0.9°C in winter, dew condensation on the inner surface should be checked at the thermal bridge.
2 The calculation of the inner surface temperature of the heat bridge part shall meet the following requirements.
1) The relative humidity of the indoor air should be 60%;
2) The two-dimensional or three-dimensional heat transfer calculation should be determined according to the thermal bridge position;
3) Thermal bridges with smaller distances should be calculated together.
3 When the temperature of the inner surface of the thermal bridge is lower than the air dew point temperature, thermal insulation measures shall be taken and the calculation shall be re-checked.
4.4.3 During the heating period, the allowable increase in weight and humidity of the thermal insulation material in the enclosure structure due to internal condensation and dampness shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.4.3; the minimum vapor permeation resistance inside the corresponding condensation calculation interface shall be greater than the formula (4.4.3) Calculated vapor permeation resistance.
In the formula. H0, i——the vapor permeation resistance required for condensation calculation inside the interface (m2 h Pa/g);
H0, e——vapor penetration resistance between the condensation calculation interface and the outer surface of the envelope (m2 h Pa/g);
ρ0 - dry density of insulation material (kg/m3);
δi—thickness of insulation material (m);
[△ω]——The allowable increment (%) of the weight and humidity of the thermal insulation material due to internal condensation and moisture, which should be taken according to the provisions of Table 4.4.3 of this specification;
Z - the number of days in the heating period;
Ps, c——the saturated water vapor partial pressure (Pa) corresponding to the interface temperature θc at the condensation calculation interface.
4.4.4 The roof, ground, exterior walls, and exterior windows shall be able to prevent rainwater and melted ice and snow water from infiltrating into the interior.
4.5 Testing and acceptance
4.5.1 During the completion acceptance, the thermal insulation, heat protection and moisture resistance performance of the enclosure structure shall be rechecked according to the completion acceptance data.
4.5.2 The inspection of the inner surface temperature of the non-light-transmitting enclosure structure in winter shall be carried out after the heating system is in normal operation, and the inspection duration shall not be less than 72 hours, and the monitoring data shall be recorded hourly. The test results should meet the provisions of Article 4.2.2 of this specification.
4.5.3 The inspection of the maximum temperature of the inner surface of the non-light-transmitting enclosure structure in summer shall be carried out 12 months after the construction of the enclosure structure is completed, and the duration of the inspection shall not be less than 24 hours. Average of test results. The test results should meet the provisions of Article 4.3.2 of this specification.
4.5.4 When measuring the weight and humidity of the insulation material in the enclosure structure, the sample to be tested should go through a heating period; the detection method should be compatible with the moisture absorption and release characteristics of the insulation material. The test results shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.4.3 of this specification.
5 Indoor Air Quality
5.1 General provisions
5.1.1 Control measures for indoor air pollutants shall be taken in the following order.
1 Control the influence of the soil radon concentration on the indoor air quality of the building siting site;
2 Controlling the spatial layout of buildings is conducive to the discharge of pollutants;
3 Control the release of harmful substances from the main body of the building, energy-saving engineering materials, and decoration materials to meet the limit;
4 Take natural ventilation measures to improve indoor air quality;
5.Set up mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning system, and if necessary, set up air purification device to control air pollutants.
5.1.2 When the project is completed and accepted, the concentration limit of indoor air pollutants shall comply with the provisions in Table 5.1.2.
5.1.3 The measurement of indoor air pollutant concentration shall comply with the following regulations.
1 Except for radon, the measured value of the pollutant concentration shall be the measured value after deducting the measured value of the pollutant concentration (background value) in the air in the upwind direction from the indoor measured value;
2 The determination of the limit value of the pollutant concentration measurement value should adopt the full numerical comparison method.
5.1.4 The air purification device should not produce new pollution after the air purification treatment.
5.1.5 During decoration, it is strictly forbidden to use organic solvents to clean construction equipment indoors.
5.2 Site soil radon control
5.2.1 The concentration of radon in the soil in the urban area where the construction project is located or the exhalation rate of radon on the soil surface should be investigated before the design of the construction project, and the corresponding investigation report should be submitted. If the radon concentration in the regional soil or the radon exhalation rate on the soil surface has not been measured, the radon concentration in the soil of the construction site or the radon exhalation rate in the soil should be measured, and the corresponding test report should be provided.
5.2.2 When the measurement result of radon concentration in the construction site is greater than.20000Bq/m3 and less than 30000Bq/m3, or the radon exhalation rate on the soil surface is greater than 0.05Bq/(m2·s) and less than 0.1Bq/(m2·s), the Take anti-cracking measures for the ground floor of the building.
5.2.3 When the measurement result of radon concentration in the construction site is not less than 30000Bq/m3 and less than 50000Bq/m3, or the exhalation rate of radon on the soil surface is greater than or equal to 0.1Bq/(m2 s) and less than 0.3Bq/(m2 s) At the same time, in addition to anti-cracking measures for the ground floor of the building, the foundation must also be treated according to the first-class waterproof requirements.
5.2.4 When the average radon concentration in the construction site is not less than 50,000Bq/m3 or the average exhalation rate of radon on the soil surface is greater than or equal to 0.3Bq/(m2·s), comprehensive radon prevention measures for buildings should be taken.
5.3 Material Control
5.3.1 The radioactivity limit of sand, stone, brick, solid block, cement, concrete, concrete prefabricated components and other inorganic non-metal building main materials used in construction projects shall meet the requirements in Table 5.3.1.
5.3.2 The ammonia release of concrete admixtures used in construction projects should not exceed 0.10%, and the ammonia release measurement method should be carried out in accordance with the current relevant national standards.
5.3.3 The radioactivity limits of inorganic non-metallic decoration materials such as stone, building sanitary ceramics, gypsum products, inorganic powdery bonding materials and other inorganic and non-metallic decoration materials used in construction projects shall be classified according to the regulations in Table 5.3.3.
5.3.4 The radioactivity limit of the inorganic non-metallic decoration and decoration materials used in the interior decoration of Class I civil construction projects shall meet the requirements of Class A in Table 5.3.3 of this code.
5.3.5 Asphalt and coal tar anti-corrosion and moisture-proof treatment agents are strictly prohibited for wooden floors and other wooden materials used in interior decoration.
5.3.6 During interior decoration, it is strictly forbidden to use benzene-containing thinners and solvents such as benzene, industrial benzene, petroleum benzene, heavy benzene and mixed benzene.
5.4 Testing and acceptance
5.4.1 The entry inspection of building materials shall comply with the following regulations.
1 When inorganic non-metallic building main materials and building decoration materials enter the site, their radioactive index test reports should be checked;
2 When the artificial wood panels and their products used in interior decoration enter the site, the test report of free formaldehyde emission should be checked;
3 When water-based paints and water-based treatment agents used in interior decoration enter the site, the free formaldehyde content test report of the same batch of products should be checked; when solvent-based paints come into the site, the construction unit should check the VOC of the same batch of products, Benzene, Toluene + Xylene, Ethylbenzene content test report, among which polyurethane should have free diisocyanate (TDI + HDI) content test report;
4 When the water-based adhesive used in interior decoration enters the site, the free formaldehyde content and VOC test report of the same batch of products should be checked; when the solvent-based and bulk-type adhesives enter the site, the benzene, Toluene + xylene, VOC content test report, among which polyurethane should have free toluene diisocyanate (TDI) content test report;
5 Interior decoration of civil construction projects such as kindergartens, school classrooms, student dormitories, and elderly care housing facilities...
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