GB 50180: Evolution and historical versions
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| GB 50180-2018 | English | RFQ |
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Standard for urban residential area planning and design
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GB 50180-2018
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| GB 50180-1993 | English | RFQ |
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Code of urban residential areas planning and design
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GB 50180-1993
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 50180-2018 (GB50180-2018) | | Description (Translated English) | Standard for urban residential area planning and design | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P33 | | Classification of International Standard | 91.040.30 | | Word Count Estimation | 102,180 | | Date of Issue | 2018-07-10 | | Date of Implementation | 2018-12-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 50180-1993 | | Quoted Standard | GB 50016; GB 50178; GB 50289; GB/T 51328; CJJ 83 | | Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Announcement 2018 No. 142 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation | | Summary | This standard applies to the preparation of urban planning and the planning and design of urban residents. | GB 50180-2018: Standard for urban residential area planning and design---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General
1.0.1 This standard is formulated in order to ensure a livable and moderate living environment, to use land and space scientifically, rationally, and economically and effectively, to ensure the quality of planning and design of urban residential areas, and to standardize the planning, construction and management of urban residential areas.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the compilation of urban planning and the planning and design of urban residential areas.
1.0.3 The planning and design of urban residential areas should follow the development concepts of innovation, coordination, greenness, openness and sharing, and create a safe, hygienic, convenient, comfortable, beautiful, harmonious and diverse living environment.
1.0.4 The planning and design of urban residential areas shall not only comply with this standard, but also comply with the current relevant national standards.
2 terms
2.0.1 urban residential area
The area where residential buildings are relatively concentrated in the city is referred to as residential area.
2.0.2 15-min pedestrian-scale neighborhood 15-min pedestrian-scale neighborhood
The scope of the residential area is divided based on the principle that residents can meet their material and living cultural needs within a 15-minute walk; it is generally enclosed by urban arterial roads or land boundaries, with a residential population of 50,000 to 100,000 (approximately 17,000 to 32,000 units) sets of residences), areas with complete supporting facilities.
2.0.3 10-min pedestrian-scale neighborhood 10-min pedestrian-scale neighborhood
The scope of the residential area is divided based on the principle that residents can meet their basic material and living and cultural needs within a ten-minute walk; it is generally surrounded by urban arterial roads, branch roads or land boundary lines, with a residential population of 15,000 to 25,000 (about 5,000) sets to 8,000 sets of residences) and an area with complete supporting facilities.
2.0.4 5-min pedestrian-scale neighborhood 5-min pedestrian-scale neighborhood
The residential area is divided based on the principle that residents can meet their basic living needs within a five-minute walk; it is generally surrounded by branch roads and higher-level urban roads or land boundary lines, with a residential population of 5,000 to 12,000 (about 1,500 units to 4,000 residences), an area equipped with community service facilities.
2.0.5 Residential neighborhood block
Residential land surrounded by urban roads such as branch roads or land boundaries is the basic residential unit formed by the combination of residential buildings; the scale of the resident population is 1,000 to 3,000 (about 300 to 1,000 houses, and the land area is 2h㎡ to 4h ㎡), and equipped with convenient service facilities.
2.0.6 residential area landuse
The general term for residential land, land for supporting facilities, public green space and land for urban roads in urban residential areas.
2.0.7 public green landuse
It is a park and green space for the supporting construction of the residential area, which can be used for residents' recreation or sports activities.
2.0.8 average storey number of residential buildings
Within a certain land use range, the number of floors obtained from the ratio of the total area of residential buildings to the total area of residential building bases.
2.0.9 supporting facilities neighborhood facility
Living service facilities that correspond to the hierarchical planning and construction of residential areas and match the size of the resident population or the size of the residential building area; mainly include grassroots public management and public service facilities, commercial service facilities, municipal public facilities, traffic stations and community service facilities, Convenience service facilities.
2.0.10 Community service facility 5-min neighborhood facility
In the residential area of the five-minute living circle, living service facilities corresponding to the size of the resident population will be built, mainly including childcare, community services, cultural and sports activities, health services, elderly care and assistance for the disabled, commercial services and other facilities.
2.0.11 Convenient service facility neighborhood block facility
The basic living service facilities provided by residential buildings in residential neighborhoods, mainly including property management, convenience stores, event venues, domestic garbage collection points, parking lots (garages) and other facilities.
3 Basic Regulations
3.0.1 The planning and design of residential areas should adhere to the basic principle of people-oriented, follow the applicable, economical, green and beautiful architectural guidelines, and should meet the following regulations.
1 It should conform to the overall urban planning and regulatory detailed planning;
2.It should conform to the local climate characteristics and environmental conditions, economic and social development level and cultural customs;
3 The principles of unified planning, rational layout, land saving, adapting measures to local conditions, supporting construction and comprehensive development should be followed;
4.Provide convenient conditions and places for the life and social activities of the elderly, children and disabled persons;
5 The historical context of the city should be continued, the historical and cultural heritage should be protected, and it should be coordinated with the traditional style;
6 The construction method of low-impact development shall be adopted, and effective measures shall be taken to promote the natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification of rainwater;
7 It shall meet the relevant control requirements of urban design for public space, building groups, garden landscape, municipal and other environmental facilities.
3.0.2 Residential areas should be constructed in safe and livable areas, and should meet the following requirements.
1 Construction shall not be carried out in areas threatened by natural disasters such as landslides, mudslides, and mountain torrents;
2 The distance from dangerous chemicals, flammable and explosive materials and other dangerous sources must meet the relevant safety regulations;
3 In areas with noise pollution and light pollution, corresponding protective measures to reduce noise and light pollution should be taken;
4 In the area where the soil is polluted, effective measures must be taken for harmless treatment, and the requirements for the soil environment quality of the residential land shall be met.
3.0.3 The planning and design of residential areas should take into account the emergency shelters and evacuation channels for residents, and should meet the national safety management and control requirements for emergency disaster prevention.
3.0.4 According to the principle that residents can meet their basic living needs within a reasonable walking distance, residential areas can be divided into four levels. 15-minute living circle residential areas, 10-minute living circle residential areas, 5-minute living circle residential areas and residential neighborhoods. Its hierarchical control scale should meet the requirements in Table 3.0.4.
Table 3.0.4 Scale of hierarchical control in residential areas
01-Table 3.0.4 Residential area hierarchical control scale
3.0.5 Residential areas should be controlled according to their hierarchical scale, corresponding to the planning and construction of supporting facilities and public green spaces, and should meet the following requirements.
1 New residential areas should meet the requirements of overall planning, simultaneous construction, and simultaneous use;
2 The old districts can be transformed following the principles of planning matching, construction filling gaps, comprehensive compliance, and gradual improvement.
3.0.6 Residential area planning and construction projects involving historical urban areas, historical and cultural blocks, cultural relics protection units and historical buildings must abide by the relevant national planning protection and construction control regulations.
3.0.7 Residential areas should effectively organize the collection and discharge of rainwater, and should meet the requirements of surface runoff control, waterlogging disaster prevention, non-point source pollution control and rainwater resource utilization.
3.0.8 The development and utilization of underground space in residential areas should be moderate, and the impermeable area of the land should be reasonably controlled and the soil ecological space required for natural infiltration and purification of rainwater should be reserved.
3.0.9 The planning and design of engineering pipelines in residential areas should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Comprehensive Planning of Urban Engineering Pipelines" GB 50289; the vertical planning and design of residential areas should comply with the current industry standard "Code for Vertical Planning of Urban and Rural Construction Land" CJJ83 the relevant regulations.
3.0.10 The building climate zoning of the residential area shall comply with the current national standard "Building Climate Zoning Standard" GB 50178; the calculation method of its comprehensive technical indicators and land area shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A of this standard.
4 Land use and building
4.0.1 The land used in residential areas of all levels of living circles should be rationally allocated and moderately developed, and its control indicators should meet the following requirements.
1 The land use control index of the residential area in the 15-minute living circle shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.0.1-1;
2 The land use control index of the residential area in the ten-minute living circle shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.0.1-2;
3 The land use control index of the residential area in the five-minute living circle shall meet the requirements in Table 4.0.1-3;
Table 4.0.1-1 15-minute living circle residential area land use control indicators
Note. The plot ratio of residential area land is the ratio of the sum of the above-ground floor area of residential buildings and their supporting facilities to the total area of residential area land within the living circle.
Table 4.0.1-2 Ten-minute living circle residential area land use control indicators
Note. The plot ratio of residential area land is the ratio of the sum of the above-ground floor area of residential buildings and their supporting facilities to the total area of residential area land within the living circle.
Table 4.0.1-3 Five-minute living circle residential area land use control indicators
Note. The plot ratio of residential area land is the ratio of the sum of the above-ground floor area of residential buildings and their supporting facilities to the total area of residential area land within the living circle.
4.0.2 Residential neighborhood land use and building control indicators shall comply with the requirements in Table 4.0.2.
Table 4.0.2 Land Use and Building Control Indicators of Residential Neighborhoods
Note. 1 Residential land plot ratio is the ratio of the sum of the above-ground floor area of residential buildings and their convenience service facilities to the total area of residential land in a residential neighborhood;
2 The building density is the ratio (%) of the building base area of residential buildings and their convenient service facilities to the land area of the residential neighborhood in the residential neighborhood;
3 The green area rate is the ratio (%) of the sum of the green area in the residential neighborhood to the land area of the residential neighborhood.
4.0.3 When the residential building adopts low-rise or multi-storey high-density layout, the residential neighborhood land use and building control indicators shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.0.3.
Table 4.0.3 Low-rise or multi-storey high-density residential neighborhood land use and building control indicators
Note. 1 Residential land plot ratio is the ratio of the sum of the above-ground floor area of residential buildings and their convenience service facilities to the total area of residential land in a residential neighborhood;
2 The building density is the ratio (%) of the building base area of residential buildings and their convenient service facilities to the land area of the residential neighborhood in the residential neighborhood;
3 The green area rate is the ratio (%) of the sum of the green area in the residential neighborhood to the land area of the residential neighborhood.
4.0.4 Newly built residential areas of all levels of living circles should be planned and constructed with public green spaces, and residential parks with a certain scale and capable of carrying out leisure and sports activities should be set up in a concentrated manner; the control indicators of public green spaces should meet the requirements in Table 4.0.4.
Table 4.0.4 Public green space control indicators
Note. 10% to 15% of sports venues should be set up in residential area parks.
4.0.5 When the reconstruction of the old district really cannot meet the requirements in Table 4.0.4, multi-point distribution and three-dimensional greening can be adopted to improve the living environment, but the per capita public green area should not be lower than 70% of the corresponding control index.
4.0.6 The green space in the residential neighborhood should be combined with the residential building layout to set up concentrated green space and green space next to the house; the calculation method of the green space should comply with the provisions of Article A.0.2 of Appendix A of this standard.
4.0.7 The planning and construction of concentrated green spaces in residential neighborhoods shall meet the following requirements.
1 The construction of new districts should not be less than 0.5m2/person, and the reconstruction of old districts should not be less than 0.35m2/person;
2 The width should not be less than 8m;
3 The green area outside the standard building sunshine shadow line should not be less than 1/3, and the elderly and children's activity areas should be set up.
4.0.8 The distance between residential buildings and adjacent buildings and structures should be determined on the basis of comprehensive consideration of sunshine, lighting, ventilation, pipeline embedding, visual sanitation, disaster prevention and other requirements, and should comply with the current national standard "Code for Building Design Fire Protection 》The relevant provisions of GB 50016.
4.0.9 The spacing of residential buildings shall comply with the regulations in Table 4.0.9; for specific cases, the following regulations shall also be complied with.
1 The sunshine standard of residential buildings for the elderly should not be lower than the sunshine hours of 2 hours on the winter solstice;
2 Adding any facilities outside the originally designed building shall not reduce the original sunshine standard of the adjacent residence, except for the barrier-free renovation of existing residential buildings and the addition of elevators;
3 The sunshine standard for new residential buildings in the old district reconstruction project should not be lower than the sunshine hours of 1h on a severe cold day;
Table 4.0.9 Sunshine Standards for Residential Buildings
Note. The bottom window sill refers to the position of the outer wall at a height of 0.9m from the indoor floor
4.0.10 Residential area planning and design should summarize important technical indicators, and should comply with the provisions of Article A.0.3 of Appendix A of this standard.
5 supporting facilities
5.0.1 Supporting facilities should be configured in accordance with the principles of supporting construction, convenient use, overall planning and openness, and balanced development. The layout should follow the principles of centralized and decentralized, independent and mixed use, and should meet the following regulations.
1 The supporting facilities in the residential area of the 15-minute and 10-minute living circles should be relatively centrally arranged according to their service radius.
2 Among the supporting facilities in the residential area of the 15-minute living circle, service facilities such as cultural activity centers, community service centers (street level), and street offices should be jointly constructed to form a comprehensive street service center, and the land area should not be less than 1hm2.
3 Among the supporting facilities in the residential area of the five-minute living circle, service facilities such as community service stations, cultural activity stations (including youth and elderly activity stations), day care centers for the elderly (nursery centers), community health service stations, and community commercial outlets should be Centralized layout, joint construction, and the formation of a community comprehensive service center, the land area should not be less than 0.3hm2.
4 The reconstruction project of the old district shall reasonably determine the size of the resident population and the capacity of residential buildings according to the carrying capacity of the supporting facilities at all levels in the residential area; if they do not match, the corresponding supporting facilities shall be added or the increase of residential buildings shall be controlled accordingly.
5.0.2 The grading and setting regulations of supporting facilities in residential areas shall meet the requirements of Appendix B of this standard.
5.0.3 The land use and building area control indicators for supporting facilities shall be controlled according to the residential population scale corresponding to the classification of residential areas, and shall comply with the provisions in Table 5.0.3.
Table 5.0.3 Supporting facilities control indicators (㎡/thousand people)
Note. 1 The residential area indicator of the 15-minute living circle does not include the residential area indicator of the 10-minute living circle, the residential area indicator of the 10-minute living circle excludes the residential area indicator of the 5-minute living circle, and the residential area indicator of the 5-minute living circle does not include the residential neighborhood indicator.
2 The land used for supporting facilities shall include the land used for outdoor activities of residents corresponding to the classification of residential areas; the land used for high schools and municipal public facilities shall not be included, and the municipal public facilities shall be determined according to professional planning.
5.0.4 The planning and construction of supporting facilities in residential areas at all levels shall comply with the provisions of Appendix C of this standard.
5.0.5 Supporting facilities located in relatively concentrated residential areas and with a large flow of people should be equipped with parking lots (garages), and should meet the following requirements.
1 The parking space control index of the parking lot (garage) should not be lower than the provisions in Table 5.0.5;
2 The motor vehicle parking lot (garage) in shopping malls and street comprehensive service centers should adopt underground parking, parking buildings or mechanical parking facilities;
3 The motor vehicle parking lot (garage) to be built shall meet the conditions for the installation of public charging facilities.
Table 5.0.5 Parking space control index of the equipped parking lot (garage) (parking space/100㎡ construction area)
5.0.6 Residential areas should be equipped with motor vehicle and non-motor vehicle parking lots (garages), and should meet the following requirements.
1 Motor vehicle parking should be comprehensively determined according to the local motorization development level, the location of the residential area, land use and public transportation conditions, and should comply with the relevant regulations of the local urban planning;
2 The above-ground parking spaces should be given priority to set up multi-storey parking garages or mechanical parking facilities, and the number of ground parking spaces should not exceed 10% of the total number of residential units;
3 Motor vehicle parking lots (garages) should be equipped with barrier-free motor parking spaces, and there should be room for development of new vehicles and auxiliary tools such as special vehicles for the elderly and disabled;
4 The non-motor vehicle parking lot (garage) should be set up at a location convenient for residents to use;
5 Residential neighborhoods should be equipped with temporary parking spaces;
6 The motor vehicle parking spaces in newly built residential areas shall have the installation conditions for charging infrastructure.
6 roads
6.0.1 The planning and design of roads in residential areas should follow the basic principles of safety and convenience, appropriate scale, public transport priority, and pedestrian-friendliness, and should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Urban Comprehensive Transportation System Planning Standard" GB/T 51328.
6.0.2 The road network system in the residential area should be organically connected with the urban road traffic system, and should meet the following requirements.
1 The traffic organization mode of "small blocks and dense road network" should be adopted in residential areas, and the road network density should not be less than 8km/km2; the distance between urban roads should not exceed 300m, preferably 150m-250m, and should be consistent with the layout of residential neighborhoods. Combine;
2 The pedestrian system in the residential area shall be continuous, safe and meet the barrier-free requirements, and shall be conveniently connected to public transportation stations;
3 In areas suitable for cycling, continuous non-motor vehicle lanes should be constructed;
4 For reconstruction of old districts, streets with historical and cultural value should be preserved and utilized, and the original urban texture should be continued.
6.0.3 The urban roads at all levels in the residential area should highlight the functional characteristics and requirements of residential use, and should meet the following regulations.
1.The roads with supporting facilities concentrated on both sides should form a living street with a pleasant scale; the distance between the building setbacks on both sides of the road should be coordinated with the street scale;
2 The width of the red line of the branch road should be 14m~20m;
3 The road section form should meet the requirements for walking and cycling, and the sidewalk width should not be less than 2.5m;
4 Traffic stabilization measures should be taken for branch roads, and the speed of motor vehicles should be properly controlled.
6.0.4 The planning and design of the auxiliary roads in the residential neighborhood shall meet the accessibility requirements of vehicles such as firefighting, ambulance, and moving, and shall meet the following regulations.
1 The main auxiliary roads should have at least two vehicle entrances and exits connected to urban roads, and the width of the road surface should not be less than 4.0m; the road surface width of other auxiliary roads should not be less than 2.5m;
2 The distance between pedestrian exits should not exceed.200m;
3 The minimum longitudinal slope shall not be less than 0.3%, and the maximum longitudinal slope shall meet the requirements in Table 6.0.4; for roads with mixed motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, the longitudinal slope shall be designed according to the requirements of non-motor vehicle lanes or sections.
Table 6.0.4 Maximum Longitudinal Slope Control Indicators of Accessory Roads (%)
6.0.5 The minimum distance from the edge of the road in the residential area to buildings and structures shall comply with the provisions in Table 6.0.5.
Table 6.0.5 Minimum distance from road edge in residential area to buildings and structures (m)
Note. The road edge refers to the red line of the road for urban roads; there are two situations for auxiliary roads. when there is a sidewalk in the road section, it refers to the outer edge of the sidewalk; when there is no sidewalk in the road section, it refers to the sideline of the road surface.
7 living environment
7.0.1 The planning and design of residential areas should respect the natural conditions such as climate and topography, and should create a comfortable and pleasant living environment.
7.0.2 The planning and design of residential areas should coordinate public spaces such as courtyards, streets, parks and small squares to form a continuous and complete public space system, and should meet the following requirements.
1 It is advisable to form a moderately enclosed and scaled courtyard space through architectural layout;
2 The layout of supporting facilities should be combined to create a continuous, pleasant and dynamic street space;
3 Small amusement parks and small squares with reasonable dynamic and static divisions and clear and continuous boundaries should be constructed;
4 It is advisable to set landscape sketches to beautify the living environment.
7.0.3 The texture, interface, height, volume, style, material, and color of the buildings in the residential area should be in harmony with the overall appearance of the city, the surrounding environment of the residential area, and the use and functions of the residential buildings, and should reflect the regional characteristics, national characteristics, and times. style.
7.0.4 The construction and afforestation of green spaces in residential areas shall follow the principles of applicability, aesthetics, economy and safety, and shall comply with the following regulations.
1 It is advisable to retain and utilize existing trees and water bodies;
2 Plants suitable for local climate and soil conditions and harmless to residents shall be planted;
3 The multi-layer greening method combining arbor, shrub and grass should be adopted;
4 The needs of the site and residential buildings for sunlight in winter and shade in summer should be fully considered;
5 The land suitable for greening shall be greened, and the three-dimensional greening method may be adopted to enrich the landscape level and increase the amount of green environment;
6 The green space with activity facilities should meet the barrier-free design requirements and be connected with the barrier-free system of the residential area;
7 The green space should be designed in conjunction with the rainwater drainage of the site, and should adopt rainwater gardens, sunken green spaces, landscape water bodies, dry ponds, tree ponds, grass ditch and other greening methods that have the function of regulating and storing rainwater.
7.0.5 The pavement of the public green activity venues in the residential area, the auxiliary roads of residential neighborhoods and the activity venues of the auxiliary green spaces shall meet the water permeability requirements on the premise of meeting the relevant functional requirements.
7.0.6 Night lighting shall be installed in public areas such as auxiliary roads, activity venues for the elderly and children, and entrances and exits of residential buildings in residential neighborhoods; the lighting design shall not cause light pollution to residents.
7.0.7 The planning and design of the residential area shall take into account the micro-climatic conditions such as local dominant wind direction, surrounding environment, temperature and humidity, and take effective measures to reduce the interference of unfavorable factors on the life of residents, and shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The building space combination, green space setting and greening design should be coordinated to optimize the wind environment of the residential area;
2.Building layout, traffic organization, sloping greening or sound insulation facilities and other methods should be fully utilized to reduce the impact of surrounding environmental noise on residents;
3.Restaurants, domestic waste collection points, public toilets and other facilities that are prone to peculiar smell should be reasonably arranged to avoid the impact of smell and oil fume on residents.
7.0.8 The renovation and renewal of the living environment in existing residential areas should include the construction of barrier-free facilities, green energy-saving renovation, improvement of supporting facilities, renewal of municipal pipe network, optimization of motor vehicle parking, and improvement of the quality of living environment.
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