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[2021 Edition of GB 50516-2010] Technical code for hydrogen fuelling station
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[2021 Version] Technical code for hydrogen fuelling station
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GB 50516-2021: PDF in English GB 50516-2010
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P GB 50516-2010
Technical Code for Hydrogen Fuelling Station
(Version 2021)
ISSUED ON: MAY 31, 2010
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 1, 2010
Issued by: Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's
Republic of China;
State Administration for Market Regulation
Table of contents
Technical Code for Hydrogen Fuelling Station ... 10
1 General Provisions ... 10
2 Terms ... 11
3 Basic Requirements ... 14
4 Location ... 16
5 General Layout ... 18
6 Hydrogen Fuelling Process and Equipment ... 23
6.1 Hydrogen Quality and Metering ... 23
6.2 Hydrogen Compressing Process and Equipment ... 24
6.3 Hydrogen Storage System and Equipment ... 26
6.4 Hydrogen Dispenser ... 28
6.5 Hydrogen Pipelines and Accessories ... 30
6.6 Materials in Contact with Hydrogen ... 32
7 Fire Protection and Safety Facilities ... 34
7.1 Fire Protection Facilities ... 34
7.2 Safety Facilities for Hydrogen Fuelling Process System ... 34
7.3 Alarm Device ... 35
8 Architectural ... 37
9 Water Supply and Drainage ... 39
10 Electrical Installations ... 40
10.1 Power Supply and Distribution ... 40
10.2 Lightning and Grounding ... 40
10.3 Protection of Electrostatic Discharge ... 41
11 Heating and Ventilation ... 43
12 Construction, Installation and Approval ... 44
12.1 General Requirement ... 44
12.2 Installation of Equipment ... 44
12.3 Installation of Pipeline ... 47
12.4 Installation of Electrical Instruments ... 49
12.5 Construction Approval ... 51
13 Requirements for Hydrogen System Operation and Management ... 54
Appendix A Zones of Rating for Explosion Danger in Hydrogen Fuelling Station ... 56
Appendix B ... 59
Deleted ... 59
Explanation of Wording in This Code ... 60
List of Quoted Standards ... 61
5 General Layout
5.0.1 Deleted.
5.0.1A The fire separation between the facilities in the hydrogen fuelling station shall not
be less than the values as specified in Table 5.0.1A.
5.0.2 The fence setting of the hydrogen fuelling station shall comply with the following
requirements:
1. If the distance between the process facilities of the hydrogen fuelling AND the
outside buildings and structures is less than or equal to 1.5 times the fire
separation of Table 4.0.4A of this Code, and less than or equal to 25 m, it shall
build a noncombustible solid fence having a height not less than 2.5 m in between
them;
2. If the distance between the process facilities of the hydrogen fuelling and the outside
buildings and structures is more than 1.5 times the fire separation of Table 4.0.4A of
this Code, and more than 25 m, it may build a non-solid fence in between them;
3. It is preferable to open or partially build non-solid fence at the side facing the
incoming and outgoing roads.
5.0.3 The vehicle entrance and outlet of the hydrogen fuelling station shall be set
separately.
5.0.4 The road setting in the hydrogen fuelling station area shall comply with the following
requirements:
1. The single lane width shall not be less than 3.5 m, and the double lane width shall not
be less than 6 m;
2. The turning radius of the road in the station shall be determined by the automobile
types and it is not preferable to be less than 9 m, and the road slope shall be not more
than 6%. It may not set slope at the vehicle parking space.
3. There shall be complete and continuous personnel passages among various areas in the
station, and the width of the passages should not be less than 1.5 m.
5.0.5 The hydrogen fuelling island shall be higher above the terrace of the parking lot, it is
preferable to be 0.15 m ~ 0.20 m, and its width shall not be less than 1.20 m.
5.0.6 Deleted.
5.0.7 The tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen and tube skid container for gaseous hydrogen in
the hydrogen fuelling station shall be arranged in accordance with the following provisions:
1. It shall be equipped with a fixed parking space for tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen
and tube skid container for gaseous hydrogen, the number of which shall be
determined based on such factors as the scale of hydrogen fuelling station, the
hydrogen production capacity of hydrogen production equipment in the station, the
specifications of the tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen and tube skid container for
gaseous hydrogen, and turnaround time, etc.;
6 Hydrogen Fuelling Process and Equipment
6.1 Hydrogen Quality and Metering
6.1.1 The quality of the incoming hydrogen shall comply with the following stipulations:
1. The quality and inspection rules of hydrogen used for the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
shall comply with the stipulations of the current national standard “Fuel Specification
for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Vehicles - Hydrogen” GB/T 37244;
2. The quality and inspection rules of hydrogen used for hydrogen internal combustion
engine vehicles or hydrogen and natural gas hybrid fuel vehicles shall comply with
the relevant stipulations of the current national standard “Hydrogen - Part 1: Industrial
Hydrogen” GB 3634.1 and “Hydrogen and Compressed Natural Gas (HCNG)
Blended as Vehicle Fuel” GB/T 34537.
6.1.2 The quality of the outgoing hydrogen of the hydrogen fuelling station shall be
determined in accordance with the user's requirements and shall be not lower than the
following requirements:
1. The quality of the hydrogen which is used for the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and so
on shall comply with the stipulations of the current national standard “Fuel
Specification for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Vehicles - Hydrogen” GB/T
37244;
2. The quality of the hydrogen which is used for the hydrogen internal combustion
vehicles or hydrogen and natural gas hybrid fuel vehicles shall comply with the
relevant stipulations of the current national standard “Hydrogen - Part 1: Industrial
Hydrogen” GB 3634.1 and “Hydrogen and Compressed Natural Gas (HCNG)
Blended as Vehicle Fuel” GB/T 34537.
6.1.3 The metering of incoming hydrogen of the hydrogen fuelling station shall comply with
the following requirements:
1. When the tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen and tube skid container for gaseous
hydrogen are used to transport hydrogen, the calculation may be performed in
accordance with the structure and volume of the hydrogen storage cylinder, as well as
the starting and ending pressure, temperature and compression factor;
2. When the hydrogen pipeline is used to transport hydrogen, it is preferable to use the
mass flow meter for metering purposes;
3. When liquid hydrogen is used, the liquid level of the liquid hydrogen storage pressure
vessel shall be taken for metering; the liquid level measurement should adopt a
capacitive liquid level gauge or a measurement method with the same accuracy;
4. The maximum allowable error of the metering device of incoming hydrogen of the
hydrogen fuelling station shall be 1.5%.
6.1.4 The quality and metering requirements for the incoming natural gas in the mixed fuel
shall comply with the relevant stipulations of the current national standard “Compressed
natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel” GB 18047 and “Code for Design and Construction of
Automobile Gasoline and Gas Filling Station” GB 50156. The fuel mixture proportion of the
hydrogen natural gas mixture vehicle shall be determined in accordance with the requirements
of the mixture fuel vehicle engine.
6.1.5 As for the hydrogen used for the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, if the quality of the
incoming hydrogen cannot reach to the quality criteria of the hydrogen for fuel cell, it shall
select the corresponding hydrogen purification device based on the purity or impurity content
of the incoming hydrogen, and it is preferable for the hydrogen purification device to be in
front of the hydrogen compressor.
6.1.6 Such procedures as purification, compression, metering, mixing, transportation, and
storage, etc., in the hydrogenation process system shall be equipped with the pressure
detection points, and it shall also be equipped with the over-pressure or low pressure alarm
device in accordance with the safety operation requirements.
6.1.7 The hydrogen fuelling station shall set up a process control system. The operation status
of the process equipment of the hydrogen fuelling station should be collaboratively optimized,
managed, controlled and monitored in accordance with the actual demands.
6.2 Hydrogen Compressing Process and Equipment
6.2.1 The hydrogen compression process system of the hydrogen fuelling station shall be
determined in accordance with the incoming hydrogen delivery method, and meanwhile
comply with the following provisions:
1. When using the tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen and tube skid container for gaseous
hydrogen to supply hydrogen, it shall provide the pressure boost hydrogen compressor
in the hydrogen fuelling station, and shall select the hydrogen compressor and the
hydrogen storage vessel based on the hydrogen storage or fuelling parameters;
2. When using the hydrogen pipeline to transport hydrogen, it shall select the hydrogen
compressor and the hydrogen storage vessel based on the incoming hydrogen pressure,
hydrogen storage or fuelling parameters;
3. When it is used for hydrogen fuel vehicles or hydrogen and natural gas hybrid fuel
vehicles, it shall select the hydrogen compressor and the hydrogen storage vessel
based on the parameters of the required hydrogen and the storage or fuelling
parameters.
6.2.1A The setting of the liquid hydrogen booster pump of the hydrogen fuelling station shall
comply with the following stipulations:
1. The type selection and number of the liquid hydrogen booster pumps shall be
determined in accordance with the hydrogen supply pressure and flow rate; it should
be in the form of a piston pump, and a backup liquid hydrogen booster pump should
be set up;
2. The vaporization capacity of the vaporizer shall be determined by the liquid hydrogen
flow and boost pressure, and the heat exchange form should be air temperature type;
3. A flexible connection shall be adopted between the liquid hydrogen storage pressure
vessel and the liquid hydrogen booster pump. The inner diameter of the pipeline
should not be smaller than the diameter of the liquid inlet of the pump. If necessary, a
certain slope shall be set in accordance with the process requirements.
6.2.2 When the self-produced hydrogen is subjected to high pressure storage by the
compressor after boosting, it shall provide the buffer tank upstream the compressor.
6.2.3 The type selection and number of hydrogen compressors shall be determined based on
hydrogen supply method, pressure, hydrogen fuelling requirements, and hydrogen storage
vessel’s operating parameters and other factors. The hydrogen fuelling station should be
equipped with a spare hydrogen compressor.
6.2.4 Deleted.
6.2.5 The safety protection device of the hydrogen compressor shall be set in accordance with
the following provisions:
1. It shall install the safety valve between the inlet and outlet of the compressor and
the first cutoff valve;
2. It shall install the high pressure & low pressure alarming and overrun shutdown
device at the inlet and outlet of the compressor;
3. It shall install the high oil pressure, low oil pressure or high oil temperature
alarming device for the lubricant system, and it shall install the high oil pressure
and low oil pressure alarming device for the diaphragm compressor;
4. It shall install the temperature and pressure or flow rate alarming and shutdown
device for the cooling water system of the compressor;
5. It shall install the replacement purging nozzle for the inlet and outlet pipeline of
the compressor;
6. When using diaphragm compressors, it shall install the diaphragm breakage and
shutdown device;
7. When using belt drive, anti-static measures shall be taken.
6.2.6 Deleted.
6.2.7 The condensate which is drained from different levels of coolers, gas-water
separators, and hydrogen pipeline of the hydrogen compressor shall all be collected by
the special purpose drainage device and delivered into the condensate drainage device,
and then drained outdoor.
6.2.8 Hydrogen compressor operation and management should be controlled through a
programmable controller (PLC).
6.2.9 The layout of the hydrogen compressor shall comply with the following requirements:
1. It is preferable for the hydrogen compressor in the compressor room to be arranged in
one row, with the main channel width of not less than 1.50 m and the distance to the
wall of not less than 1.00 m;
2. When using the portable hydrogen compressor, it shall provide such safety
facilities as natural exhaust, hydrogen concentration alarming, accident exhaust
and its interlocking device in the un-opened cabinet;
3. It is preferable for the control panel and instrument control panel for the hydrogen
compressor to be located in a special-purpose control cabinet or an adjacent control
room.
6.3 Hydrogen Storage System and Equipment
6.3.1 The working pressure of the hydrogen storage system in the hydrogen fuelling station
shall be determined in accordance with the hydrogen charging pressure of the on-board
hydrogen storage cylinder. When the hydrogen charging pressure is 35 MPa, the working
pressure of the hydrogen storage system in the hydrogen fuelling station should not be greater
than 45 MPa; when the hydrogen charging pressure is 70 MPa, the working pressure of the
hydrogen storage system of the hydrogen fuelling station should not be greater than 90 MPa.
6.3.2 The mode of high-pressure hydrogen storage or liquid hydrogen storage should be
adopted for hydrogen storage in the hydrogen fuelling station, and other hydrogen storage
modes shall be adopted after technical and economic demonstration. The hydrogen storage
facility in the hydrogen fuelling station should select a special-purpose fixed hydrogen storage
pressure vessel.
6.3.2A The fixed hydrogen storage pressure vessel shall satisfy the requirements of pressure,
temperature, hydrogen storage capacity, service life and environment of application, etc., and
have sufficient safety margin to satisfy the requirements of safe application.
6.3.2B The stationary hydrogen storage pressure vessel shall be equipped with an operating
parameter recording device, and shall conduct real-time monitoring and automatic recording
of the number of pressure fluctuations, in which, the range of pressure, temperature and
pressure fluctuation exceeds 20% of the design pressure. The recording device shall satisfy
the requirement of keeping all the above-mentioned records intact in the long term.
6.3.2C The organizations using the stationary hydrogen storage pressure vessels shall use
stationary hydrogen storage pressure vessels that have obtained production licenses and have
passed the inspection. In addition, they shall also formulate operating procedures and
establish corresponding safety production management systems.
6.3.2D The application management of the hydrogen storage pressure vessels shall comply
with the relevant stipulations of the current national standard “Safety Technical Requirements
for Hydrogen Storage Devices Used in Hydrogen Fuelling Station” GB/T 34583.
6.3.3 As for the hydrogen storage pressure vessels in the hydrogen fuelling station, it is
preferable to set the pressure based on level 2 ~ level 3 respectively, and the volume of each
level shall be determined based on such factors as the storage pressure of each level, hydrogen
charging pressure, and charging hydrogen amount.
6.3.3A When hydrogen storage vessels with different design pressures are used to store
hydrogen, pressure control measures shall be taken, and hydrogen storage vessels with a
relatively low design pressure shall be prevented from overpressure.
6.3.4 Deleted.
6.3.5 The installation of the safety facilities for the hydrogen storage pressure vessels
shall comply with the following requirements:
1. A safety valve shall be installed, and the set pressure must not exceed the design
pressure of the vessel;
6.3.6 The cylinder assemblies for storage of gaseous hydrogen shall be fixed onto an
independent stand and it is preferable to use the horizontal manner. It is not preferable for the
net spacing between the same assembly of containers to be less than 0.03 m, and it is not
preferable for the distance between the cylinder assemblies for storage of gaseous hydrogen to
be less than 1.50 m.
6.3.6A The base or bracket of the hydrogen storage vessel shall be made of non-combustible
materials and shall satisfy the strength requirements.
6.3.7 Deleted.
6.3.8 When the hydrogen storage vessel is adjacent to the vehicle passage in the station,
it shall provide the safety guard rail or other anti-collision measures in between them.
6.3.8A The hydrogen storage vessel and hydrogen compressor shall be separated from public
areas through guardrails. The height of the guardrails should not be less than 2 m. The
guardrails should be made of metal materials. The requirements for the design, manufacture,
installation and construction, engineering acceptance inspection and maintenance shall
comply with the relevant stipulations of the current industrial standard “Technical Standard
for Building Guardrail” JGJ/T 470.
6.3.9 Hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen fuelling station shall comply with the
requirements of hydrogen supply method, hydrogen supply pressure, hydrogen storage
pressure, pressure level and hydrogen fuelling capacity, hydrogen charging pressure, and
balanced continuous hydrogen supply.
6.3.10 When using a compressor to pressurize hydrogen and fuel it into a hydrogen storage
pressure vessel, the discharge volume of the safety relief device of the hydrogen storage
pressure vessel shall not be less than the maximum displacement of the compressor.
6.3.11 The tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen and the tube skid container for gaseous
hydrogen shall comply with the relevant stipulations of the current industrial standard “Tube
Trailer” NB/T 10354 and “Tube Skid Container” NB/T 10355.
6.4 Hydrogen Dispenser
6.4.1 Hydrogen dispenser shall not be located indoors.
6.4.2 The number of hydrogen dispensers shall be determined in accordance with the number
of hydrogen energy vehicles to be hydrogenated, the amount of hydrogen required for each
vehicle, the volume of the hydrogen storage vessel and the displacement of the hydrogen
compressor. The performance of the hydrogen dispenser shall comply with the relevant
stipulations of the current national standard “Compressed Hydrogen Dispenser for Vehicles”
GB/T 31138. The hydrogen dispenser shall mark whether it is equipped with the function or
mode of active flow adjustment.
6.4.2A When the hydrogen dispenser fuels hydrogen into the on-board hydrogen storage
cylinder, it shall comply with the following stipulations:
1. The hydrogen compression system should not directly fuel hydrogen into the on-board
hydrogen storage cylinder;
2. It shall be ensured that the on-board hydrogen storage cylinder is not over-temperature
or over-pressure;
6.5.2A The hydrogen pipeline shall be equipped with a safety valve suitable for high-pressure
hydrogen medium, and the set pressure of the safety valve shall not be greater than the design
pressure of the hydrogen pipeline.
6.5.3 It is preferable for the hydrogen pipeline to be connected through welded or ferruled
fittings qualified for hydrogen compatibility; the hydrogen pipeline and the equipment and
valve may adopt flange connection or thread connection, etc. and at the thread connections, it
shall use the PTFE film as filler.
6.5.3A The hydrogen pipeline system shall be flexible enough to reduce stress concentration
and ensure the safety of the pipeline when the temperature changes cause thermal expansion
and contraction.
6.5.3B The liquid hydrogen pipeline shall comply with the following stipulations:
1. The pipeline insulation shall adopt high-vacuum multilayer insulation or other forms
of insulation that satisfy the requirements of thermal insulation performance;
2. The liquid hydrogen pipeline shall be provided with a temperature compensation
structure that complies with the requirements of flexible pipeline design;
3. The liquid hydrogen pipeline should be connected by welding; the liquid hydrogen
pipeline and the equipment or the pipeline at the dismantling part can be connected by
a flat vacuum insulation flange or a vacuum insulation socket joint;
4. The pipeline accessories like liquid hydrogen valve shall comply with the performance
requirements of liquid hydrogen insulation, sealing and medium compatibility.
6.5.3C The liquid hydrogen system shall be provided with an independent venting system and
comply with the following stipulations:
1. It shall be vented to high altitude through a fixed vent pipe, and the height of the vent
pipe shall be above 5 m higher than the platform or the top of a building within a
range of 20 m;
2. The flow velocity of liquid hydrogen saturated steam shall not exceed 16 m/s; the flow
velocity of single-phase flow hydrogen shall not exceed 150 m/s;
3. The vent pipe shall be equipped with devices to prevent air backflow, rain and snow
intrusion, water vapor condensation, freezing and blockage by foreign matters; the
vent nozzle should be equipped with a flame arrester or nitrogen purge and
replacement;
4. When venting liquid hydrogen or low-temperature hydrogen, it shall be ensured that
the outlet temperature is not lower than 90 K; the venting process shall maintain a
positive pressure;
5. The high-pressure hydrogen vent pipe and the low-pressure hydrogen vent pipe shall
not be connected to the same venting system.
6.5.3D The liquid hydrogen pipelines should be laid low overhead. When limited by
conditions, they may be laid in open ditch, and shall comply with the stipulations of Clause
6.5.6 in this code.
6.5.4 The setting of the hydrogen vent unit shall ensure safe venting of hydrogen, and
comply with the following provisions:
1. Deleted.
2. Vent pipes with different pressure levels shall not be directly connected, and shall
be respectively led to the main vent pipe. The main vent pipe shall be set
vertically upward, and the nozzle shall be higher above the highest point of the
facility in the station by over 2 m, and its located ground by more than 5 m;
3. The single vent pipes and main vent pipe shall take measures to prevent rain and
snow intrusion or debris clogging.
4. The inner diameter of the single vent pipes shall be greater than the diameter of
the vent nozzle of the corresponding safety valve, and the cross-sectional area of
the main vent pipe shall be greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of
the vent nozzle of each safety valve;
5. The venting and exhausting device shall be equipped with an electrostatic
grounding device, and shall be arranged within the effective protection range of
lightning protection.
6.5.5 It is preferable for the outdoor hydrogen pipelines within the hydrogen fuelling station
to be laid in open ditch or to be directly buried underground. If it is directly buried
underground, it shall comply with the relevant requirements of the current national standard
“Design code for hydrogen station” GB 50177.
6.5.6 When the hydrogen pipeline within the station is laid in open ditch, it shall comply
with the following requirements:
1. It shall not be laid in the same ditch with other pipelines except nitrogen pipeline;
2. When the open ditch is equipped with a cover plate, the ditch shall be
well-ventilated, and there shall be no space for hydrogen accumulation;
3. The pipe bracket and cover plate shall be made of non-combustible materials.
6.5.7 The laying and installation, etc., of the indoor hydrogen pipelines in the hydrogen
production room and the hydrogen compressor room shall comply with the relevant
requirements of the current national standard “Design code for hydrogen station” GB 50177.
6.6 Materials in Contact with Hydrogen
6.6.1 The materials in contact with hydrogen used by the hydrogen system in the hydrogen
fuelling station shall be metal materials with mature experience of application or with
test-proved good hydrogen compatibility.
6.6.2 The hydrogen compatibility test of metallic materials shall comply with the stipulations
of the current national standard “Storage and Transportation Systems for Gaseous Hydrogen -
Part 2: Test Methods for Evaluating Metallic Material Compatibility in Hydrogen
Atmosphere” GB/T 34542.2 and “Storage and Transportation Systems for Gaseous Hydrogen
- Part 3: Test Method for Determination of the Susceptibility of Metallic Materials to
Hydrogen Gas Embrittlement (HGE)” GB/T 34542.3.
7 Fire Protection and Safety Facilities
7.1 Fire Protection Facilities
7.1.1 The hydrogen fuelling station shall be equipped with a fire hydrant fire water supply
system. The fire hydrant fire water supply system shall comply with the relevant stipulations
of the current national standard “Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings” GB 50016 and
“Code of Design on Fire Protection Water Supply and Hydrant Systems” GB 50974.
7.1.2 The setting of firefighting equipment shall comply with the relevant stipulations of
“Code for Design of Extinguisher Distribution in Buildings” GB 50140, and the
following stipulations:
1. Every 2 sets of hydrogen dispenser shall be equipped with at least one 8 kg
portable dry powder fire extinguisher or two 4 kg portable dry powder fire
extinguishers; if the number of the hydrogen dispensers is less than 2 sets, it shall
be calculated as 2 sets;
2. The hydrogen compressor room shall be equipped with one 8 kg portable dry
powder fire extinguisher for every 50m2 of the construction area, with the total
number not less than 2; one portable hydrogen compressor unit shall be
equipped with the portable dry powder fire extinguishers, the number of which
shall be calculated based on 50m2 of the construction area;
3. Deleted.
4. Deleted.
7.2 Safety Facilities for Hydrogen Fuelling Process System
7.2.1 The hydrogen inlet manifold of the hydrogen fuelling station shall be equipped
with emergency cut-off valve. The manual emergency cut-off valve shall be so positioned
as being able to cut off the hydrogen source in time in case of accident.
7.2.2 Deleted.
7.2.3 When tube trailers for gaseous hydrogen and tube skid container for gaseous hydrogen
are used as stationary pressure vessels for hydrogen storage in the hydrogen fuelling station,
safety protection measures should be set in accordance with the stipulations of Clause 6.3.5 of
this code.
7.2.4 Between the hydrogen storage vessel or the cylinder assemblies for storage of
gaseous hydrogen and the hydrogen gun......
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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