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GB 28760-2012: Tube bending machine -- Safety requirements
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Tube bending machine -- Safety requirements
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 28760-2012 (GB28760-2012) | | Description (Translated English) | Tube bending machine -- Safety requirements | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J62 | | Classification of International Standard | 25.120.10 | | Word Count Estimation | 19,193 | | Quoted Standard | GB 2893; GB 2894; GB/T 3766-2001; GB 4053.3; GB 4584; GB 5226.1-2008; GB/T 7932-2003; GB/T 8196; GB/T 15706.1-2007; GB/T 15706.2-2007; GB 16754-2008; GB/T 16855.1; GB/T 16856.1; GB 17120; GB/T 17454.1; GB 17888.1; GB 17888.2; GB 17888.3; GB 17888.4; GB/T | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Bulletin No. 28 of 2012 | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard specifies the bending machine is designed and manufactured to comply with the safety requirements that should be and/or measures, verification, usage information, user responsibilities. This standard applies to the cold state bent wi | GB 28760-2012: Tube bending machine -- Safety requirements---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Tube bending machine.Safety requirements
ICS 25.120.10
J62
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Benders safety requirements
Published 2012-11-05
2013-10-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China issued
Table of Contents
Preface Ⅰ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 2
4 major hazards 4
5 safety requirements and protective measures 5
6 safety requirements and/or measures of verification 11
7 Using information 14
8 users responsibility 15
Foreword
This standard Chapters 3 and 8 are recommended, the rest are mandatory.
This standard was drafted in accordance with rules GB/T 1.1-2009 given.
The standard proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard by the National Forging Machinery Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC220).
This standard was drafted. Machinery Manufacturing Co. Jiangyin, Zhangjiagang and lift Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Kinmen and Matsu's Zhejiang Machinery Manufacturing
Limited, Shougang long steel forging Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
The main drafters. Qian Weiqing, Yuan Jianhong, Lin Weiming, Xing Weirong, Zhou Changhua, full Pan Shun, Wang Min, Li Ya in Di Qingyu.
Benders safety requirements
1 Scope
This standard specifies the safety requirements for the design and manufacture of bending machines to be observed and/or measures, verification, usage information, user responsibility.
This standard applies to wound bender bending in the cold state, including mechanical bending machine, hydraulic bending machine, CNC bending machine, a small radius bend
Machines and loading and unloading auxiliary devices may be included; not dedicated bender, bending auxiliary equipment, such as sawing, tube end forming, detecting
And mechanical means or by a dedicated bending machine of the production line.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only applies to the version dated paper
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB 2893 Safety colors (ISO 3864-1)
GB 2894 Guidelines for the use and safety signs
GB/T 3766-2001 Hydraulic System General specification (ISO 4413.1998)
GB 4053.3 fixed ladders and platforms Safety requirements - Part 3. industrial protective railings and steel platform
GB 4584 presses technical conditions photoelectric protector
GB 5226.1-2008 Electrical safety mechanical part of the machine electrical equipment 1. General requirements (IEC 60204-1.2005)
GB/T 7932-2003 pneumatic systems General specification (ISO 4414.1998)
GB/T 8196 mechanical safety of fixed and movable guards General requirements for design and manufacture (ISO 14120)
Safety Basic Concepts GB/T 15706.1-2007 General Mechanical Design - Part 1. Basic terminology and methods (ISO 12100-
1.2003)
GB/T 15706.2-2007 basic concepts of mechanical safety and General Design - Part 2. Technical Principles (ISO 12100-
2.2003)
GB 16754-2008 Safety of machinery - Emergency stop design principles (ISO 13850.2006)
GB/T 16855.1 mechanical safety control system safety components - Part 1. General principles for design (ISO 13849-1)
GB/T 16856.1 mechanical safety risk assessment Part 1. Principles (ISO 14121-1)
GB 17120 Forging Machinery Safety requirements
GB/T 17454.1 mechanical safety sensitive protective devices - Part 1. Pressure-sensitive and pressure sensitive floor mats designed and tested on
Then (ISO 13856-1)
GB 17888.1 fixing Safety of machinery - Part 1. Choice of fixed installation between two levels
(ISO 14122-1)
GB 17888.2 Safety of machinery of fixed installations Part 2. Working platforms and gangways (ISO 14122-2)
GB 17888.3 Safety of machinery of fixed installations Part 3. stairs, steps and fence (ISO 14122-3)
GB 17888.4 Safety of machinery of fixed installations Part 4. Fixed ladders (ISO 14122-4)
GB/T 18153 Safety of machinery may contact the surface temperature of hot surface temperature limit determined Ergonomics data (EN 563)
Interlocking device design and selection principles GB/T 18831 Safety of machinery guard
JB/T 3894.1 bender Terminology
JB9971 bending machine, a three-roll bending machine noise limits
3 terms, definitions and abbreviations
GB/T 15706.1, GB/T 15706.2, GB 17120 and JB/T 3894.1 Definition The following terms and definitions apply to the present
file.
3.1
Bender tubebendingmachine
Bending machine with mechanical or hydraulic pipes.
3.2
Bending mold bendingdies
A pipe forming bending tools.
3.2.1.
Bending mold body benddie
Bending die for bending a tube shaped body (die wheel).
3.2.2.
Clamping block clampdie
Parts for gripping the pipe, which clamping force is sufficient to counteract the frictional force generated when the reverse resilient tube and the tube is bent pipe bend
Curved shape.
3.2.3
Guides pressuredie
For pressing the tube parts, which can reduce the bending deformation of the tube cross-section and from the guide, which is sufficient to counteract the pressure force of the return pipe
Stretch.
3.2.4
Roller roler
Support and guide wheels.
3.2.5
A mandrel (core head) mandrelunit (mandrelhead)
Elbow bend extends into the tube at a time from the tangent point of the tube to prevent distortion of parts.
3.3
Clamping mechanism clampdieunit
Tube clamping means.
3.4
Boom bendarm
Elbow clamp block mounting means molded magnet synchronous rotating parts.
3.5
Boom safety barrier bendarmsafetyplate
When installed in the front portion of the pivot arm (front safety shield) or back (after a safety shield), for a person or other object enters region can swing the boom
Stopping the bending motion of the shutter.
3.6
Material holding means supportunit
Tube support member (feed) of.
3.7
Car clamping head carriageclaw
Fed to the pipe clamp parts and components.
3.8
Block hit the block
For adjusting the moving position of the stopper part.
3.9
Footswitch pedalswitch
Foot operated electrical switch.
3.10
Limit switch (limit switch) limitswitch (travelswitch)
The switching operation from a predetermined position or the arrival of the moving part of a bending machine.
3.11
Single acting (adjustment) mode jogmode
A movement of a machine tool operator should be forced to operate in a first mode of operation and does not cause other sports.
3.12
Automatic cycle mode automode
After the operator first starts operation, moving machine can no longer be manually set in accordance with a continuous process to complete
action.
3.13
Stepping way stepmode
Automatic cycle is distinguished, in this mode, the operator performs a start operation of the same, the machine movements can be set in accordance with the program
Action once.
3.14
Master cylinder maincylinder
Cylinder for hydraulic pipe bend primary motion with other bodies supporting the use of the linear motion into rotary motion (bending).
3.15
Sent the car feedingcarriage
Means for gripping the tubular member bender and moved along the length of the tube (feeding, Y-axis), which is a front portion with a gripping clamp tube
Head, and it can swing around the central tube (angle, B axis).
3.16
Loading and unloading mechanism loader
Sent for the tube bending apparatus and a bending machine for bending pipe removed well.
3.17
Surveillance monitoring
When a security feature, component or element when the ability to perform its function disappears, or changes in processing conditions hazardous, this function can be determined
Ensure safety monitoring.
3.18
Suppression restrain
Temporary safety function Safety-related parts of a control system automatically suspended.
3.19
Redundancy redundancy
Application of part or portion of a plurality of system devices or systems or devices, ensure that when one of the function fails, the other to complete its function.
4 major hazards
4.1 important risk risk assessment according to GB/T 16856.1 results are shown in Table 1. Chapter 5 and safety requirements contained in Chapter 7 and /
Or the use of protective measures and information are based on risk assessment, which aims to eliminate the risk or reduce risk.
4.2 Evaluation of risk assessment predictable from various aspects, such as an operator or other personnel to enter the hazardous area from the bending machine in all directions,
Unexpected or stroke or the like off a workpiece factors, consider the potential hazard in the bending machine life, evaluation and analysis of the control system further comprising
The risk of malfunction or failure caused.
4.3 standard users, such as designers, manufacturers or equipment suppliers, should check whether the important risk listed in Table 1 are taken into account.
If it is found there are other danger should GB/T 16856.1 risk analysis and evaluation, with particular attention to the use of a predetermined machine (e.g.
Commissioning, adjustment, maintenance, repair) and foreseeable misuse.
Table 1 major risk, danger zone and protective measures
No. dangerous hazardous areas
GB/T 15706.1-2007
Corresponding clauses
Protective measures
This standard corresponding reg
Mechanical hazards
Machine parts and components in the machine or workpiece
The portion packing of energy. elastic member
(Spring), the liquid and gas pressure
1.1 Risk of crushing
1.2 Cut dangerous
1.3 cut danger
1.4 winding danger
1.5 inhaled involved in dangerous
1.6
Shock hazard
Projection hazard
1.9 high pressure fluid jet (ejection risk)
Boom, and the corresponding region of the mold.
--- between the mold;
--- between the mold and the workpiece;
--- between the workpiece and the member;
--- between the moving member and the fixed member;
--- moving member between the moving member;
--- the workpiece and the auxiliary means, such as child care material,
Gauge, loading and unloading mechanism and the like;
--- falling of the workpiece or movement of workers
Caused by dangerous pieces
Electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic device motion member, and
The motor and drive mechanism, a mechanical actuating apparatus
Hydraulic system
4.2.1.
5.2 to 5.5
5.2.1.1,5.2.1.2
5.3.2 ~ 5.3.7
5.2 to 5.5
5.2.7.5,5.2.7.7
2 electrical hazards
2.1
Human body part in contact with live
(direct contact)
2.2
Man and insulation failure is charged with
A contact electrode (indirect contact)
Electrical Equipment 4.3 5.8.1
3 thermal hazards
3.1
By a possible contact due to burns and
scald
The hydraulic system components Elbow lead
From a workpiece or component
4.4 5.8.2
4 noise hazard
4.1 cause hearing impairment (deafness)
Bender existence of any hearing damage
Area
4.5 5.8.5
TABLE 1 (cont.)
No. dangerous hazardous areas
GB/T 15706.1-2007
Corresponding clauses
Protective measures
This standard corresponding reg
Ignore ergonomics in Mechanical Design
The risk arising from the principle of learning
5.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort
5.2
Unreasonable considering the hand - arm, leg - the leg
action
5.3 human error, human habits
5.4
Since the manually operable means unreasonable
Design, installation and uncoordinated
5.5
Unreasonable design or installation display
Equipment
Operating position, control, operation, adjustment,
Maintenance and any other area
4.9 5.8.8
6 Unexpected start, unexpected overrun, speeding
6.1 Control system fault/error command
Energy recovery break after 6.2
Electrical equipment external interference 6.3
6.5 software error
6.6 operator error generated
Power supply failure 7
8 control circuit fault
9 indicates an error
Molds and respective areas.
--- between the workpiece and the die and components;
--- stationary member and moving member
between;
--- between the moving member
4.9
5.2.1,5.4.4
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.1
5.2.9
5.3
5.4.1.2
5.2 to 5.4
5.3.9
10 during operation of the brake a mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic equipment
11 drops, flying objects or liquid discharge machine parts, molds, workpiece
12 buckling/bending machine excessively inclined Zhou Bian region
4.2.2
5.2.8.2,5.4.4.1
5.2.7.5,5.2.7.7
5.8.4
13 slip, fall or drop
The operator height operation, maintenance, adjustment
Benders and other Zhou Bian areas
4.10 5.7
5 safety requirements and protective measures
5.1 General
This standard relates to a bending machine comprising a small normal large mechanical bending machine, hydraulic bending machine, CNC bending machine, a small radius bending machine
Wait. Bending machine design, manufacture should meet the requirements of GB 17120.
Methods to eliminate or reduce the risk of serious risks with appropriate measures in Table 1.
5.2 Basic design principles
5.2.1 boom, cars and other moving parts feed
5.2.1.1 bender boom, feed overtravel car out of control or are moving at high speed and endanger the mechanical impact caused by the operator
Personal safety, electrical control system, hydraulic system failure will result in failure described above; out of control when the rotary arm returns the operating person being adjusted or
Members may be dangerous, so, we shall have the following precautions.
a) a reliable boom (return to the initial position) to prevent extrusion of personnel security measures;
b) providing a holding means (for car chucks);
c) providing a mechanical limiting means (to feed the car).
5.2.1.2 boom (return) security must be at least one of the following.
a) mechanical, electrical safety barrier. telecommunication means by a mechanical shutter trigger command to stop the boom, is mounted on both sides of the boom or the boom return
Inner surface, so that the shutter is triggered during operation of the person in the danger zone to stop the boom;
b) a pressure-sensitive pad boom entering the danger zone, to prevent entry into the danger zone (see claim in GB/T 15706.2-2007 of
5.2.5.2);
c) photoelectric protection device. During the staff shall enter the danger zone and shall comply with the provisions of GB 4584.
5.2.1.3 main cylinder control circuit using reliable measures to prevent accidental overtravel boom, in conjunction with the unloading pump boom reliably stopped.
5.2.1.4 feed trolley in longitudinal limit stop position is set dead iron (with buffer means), when the feed car accident overtravel limit position
Forced stop, in the extreme position limit switch may also be fed together form a reliable stop the car.
5.2.2 gripping the tubular member
Bending machine with a feed carriage during operation should ensure that the collet clamp tube trolley reliable and effective. The maximum clamping force should satisfy tube
Will not fall when the tube is in the maximum load torque; or a control signal when the power interruption, the jaw locking means of hydraulic pressure or mechanical self-locking security continue
Tube clamping valid.
5.2.3 loading or unloading mechanism
When the bending machine with feeding or discharging mechanism shall comply with design GB 4053.3 and GB/T 8196 the fence, comprising.
a) a fixed fence;
b) activities interlocking fence.
5.2.4 important force bodies and parts, bolts
Bending machine clamping, pressing, bending force mechanism and other important parts, such as a bolt, should have sufficient strength and rigidity in the work can be
By locking. Adjustment operation projecting outer part no sharp edges, corners or mutated, a proximity switch and the like baffle plate part deburring, chamfering, in order to avoid
Scratch personnel.
5.2.5 Packaging
Application of bolt bending machine reliably stably fixed on the package base board on both sides of the box should be brushed with a lifting position and the centroid flag.
5.2.6 rigidity and strength
Bender should be considered in the design full load, overload necessary and sufficient rigidity and strength to the test machine, cause the machine structure is not broken
Bad, endangering personal safety.
5.2.7 hydraulic system and pneumatic system
5.2.7.1 The hydraulic system should be equipped with safety valves. Prevent accidental pressure requirements see 4.3.3 GB/T 3766-2001 in.
5.2.7.2 hydraulic systems need to be adjusted for each circuit to set the pressure to facilitate the observation of the pressure gauge.
5.2.7.3 workpiece clamping mechanism shall hydraulic locking valve to prevent the system pressure loss caused by the work of the work for detachment or loosening.
5.2.7.4 should be in line with a pneumatic type accumulator GB/T 3766-2001 6.3 requirements.
5.2.7.5 hydraulic valves, block valves, fittings fixed reliable, easy to adjust the maintenance, the line should take precautions to prevent the thermal expansion caused by
Damaged pipe leakage. Rigid conduit should be firmly supported, moving the hose mounting member shall meet the requirements of GB/T 3766-2001 in 9.5,
And to ensure a minimum radius of any working position, to prevent the hose twisted or broken. May be in contact with the ground, sliding hose (e.g., the boom) to be employed
Hoses or braided wire sheath spring.
5.2.7.6 the hydraulic pump starts, if the work to ensure that the button member will not move (to be provided unloading means of the hydraulic pump).
5.2.7.7 hydraulic system a hydraulic cylinder, pipe (wand and hose) wall thickness, the joint should not cause satisfy at maximum pressure (shock)
rupture.
5.2.7.8 portion of the pneumatic system mounted muffler device should meet the requirements of GB/T 7932-2003 4.3.5 in which install and
Shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's valve to its use in a security system, and does not affect the safety function.
5.2.7.9 pneumatic system pressure is required to prevent accidents should meet the requirements GB/T 7932-2003 in the 4.3.3,8.2.
5.2.8 Electrical System
5.2.8.1 Electrical system design should meet the requirements of GB 5226.1.
5.2.8.2 Emergency Stop function should belong to the Safe Stop Category 0 (see 9.2.5.4 GB 5226.1-2008 in). After the emergency stop should stop package
Elbow including, feed, clamping, and the like all having a core into the dangerous operation.
5.2.8.3 electrical cabinet door interlocks should door off.
Load detecting means for each phase conductor 5.2.8.4 three-phase AC induction motor should be connected through the overload protection, the device sent messages when overload operation
Alarm signal.
5.2.8.5 car should be equipped with electrical feed axis over-travel protection measures and ensure overstroke occurs, the operator and not bending machine-made
To hurt, electrical over-travel protection is not a substitute mechanical over-travel protection.
5.2.8.6 movement controller should have the function of stopping.
5.2.8.7 plurality of different operating voltages when the conductor traces on the same channel (e.g., conduit, pipe or cable down trough means), both wires
Insulation should meet the highest voltage requirements.
5.2.8.8 protection level operator interface and control apparatus is suspended on a bending machine is at least IP54.
5.2.8.9 control means protection of the enclosure is at least IP54.
5.2.8.10 identify and determine the protective conductor should be GB 5226.1-2008 selection of 13.2.2. Other conductors should identify
GB 5226.1-2008 selected as specified in 13.2.3 and 13.2.4 of.
5.2.9 software functional requirements
It will not cause damage to the machine when 5.2.9.1 bending machine operating software should ensure that work bender.
5.2.9.2 Automatic tube bending machine cycle during operation should always be effective in clamping (or gripping) condition.
5.2.9.3 procedures can not be directly reprogrammed by the user, the user needs to do programming function, press in GB/T 15706.2-2007
Requirements 4.11.7.4 adopted corresponding measures.
5.2.9.4 bending machine having the function should be set to automatically cycle "single-action adjustment" and "step" manner, to facilitate the adjustment and each simulation loop
Process steps, such as to prevent dangerous interference or collision.
Mechanical hazard 5.3 boom, molds and related areas
5.3.1 Operation danger zone
The main operation is dangerous area bender pivot arm, molds and related areas, should take effective protective measures to prevent the corresponding risk.
5.3.2 safety barriers
Bender personnel to enter the danger zone of the main boom at a range sector and return bend. 5.2.1.2 specified in the boom
(Return) adopts the form of safety shield of security protection, safety barriers should be met.
a) safety shield shall cover all sides of the boom, in order to ensure the effectiveness of protection;
b) shall be used on the safety shield fully floating type structure, the shutter trigger switch to set at least three points;
c) after the trigger safety shield boom should immediately stop exercising;
d) the safety shutter trigger force. When the maximum outer diameter of the bending force is not greater than 15kg ≥114mm trigger; when the maximum outer diameter of the elbow
< When the trigger force no greater than 10kg 114mm; the test will be transferred to the arm opening at 180 °, using portable hand push-pull dynamometer,
Standing at 90 ° boom, the boom returns dynamometer flat head contact with the trigger safety flap to a vertical position to stop the boom
Stop, the locking observe the dynamometer readings, measured in the middle and four corners of the safety shield;
e) After the trigger safety flap, the baffle should ensure safe damping stroke is not less than 5mm.
5.3.3 sensitive guard
Selected using sensitive guard (see GB/T 15706.2-2007 in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3) for protection, the protection device is sensitive
Selection and application see GB /in 15706.2-2007 5.2.5 T. Sensitive protective equipment should ensure the safety of hazardous areas, sensitive trigger guard
When the apparatus, the control system should ensure the withdrawal of the body or body part, without causing restart bender (or cycle start), while, in addition to suppressing
Outside the stage, when the guard sensitive detection function is interrupted, bending machine can not function. The pressure-sensitive pad should be consistent with GB/T 17454.1 of the provisions; light
Electrical protection device shall comply with the provisions of GB 4584.
5.3.4 Fixed interlocking guard activity
Corner danger zone may be employed other fixed fence interlocking guard activities, especially with automatic, the feeding mechanism of the CNC bending
Machine design requirements, the guard should be consistent with GB /5.3 in 15706.2-2007 T.
5.3.5 elbow and rotating feed
When the feeding carriage has a shape of the workpiece due to the uncertainty in the bent elbow well during operation and rotation of the feed to the art may be
cause some damages. Thus, for such hazardous areas may have generally provided the sensitive area protected by the user or a fence, dedicated to the fixed station
The guard member may be agreed upon by the user and manufacturer designed for protection design.
5.3.6 Optoelectronic protective devices
Photoelectric protection device should meet the following requirements.
a) shall comply with the provisions of GB 4584, allowing only through the detection zone optoelectronic protective devices to enter the danger zone; other protective measures
It should be prevented from entering the dangerous zone in the other direction;
b) as long as any part of the body to block the light curtain, there can be no danger bender action occurs;
c) reset means should be placed in the viewing position can be clearly hazardous area, a plurality of reset means is mounted non-detection zone.
5.3.7 Other requirements
5.3.7.1 bender bending mold body, the clamping block guide (wheel), the mandrel and the like should be locked in a convenient and reliable for mold while ensuring the work
Process does not produce as loosened or disengaged, to ensure that a damaged part or a case where power interruption nonhazardous.
5.3.7.2 all fasteners on the bending machine, in particular a fastening nut or the like and important parts of the force (e.g., mandrel) may produce vibrations should
Can reliably lock, or a corresponding locking measures.
Material holding means 5.3.7.3 bending machine should ensure reliable, material holding means is adjusted, the lifting can be reliably locked in the maximum and minimum bend
Diameter can remain active, do not cause off the tube during operation.
5.3.7.4 bending machine should be suitable for lifting the box, transportation, lifting should be clearly marked with the center of mass marked on the package and, in the lifting process
Instability should crates, scattered off the like.
5.3.8 Safety colors and sa...
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