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Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 18664-2025 (GB18664-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Date of Implementation | 2026-09-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 18664-2002 | GB/T 18664-2002: Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
ics 13.340.30c 73
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
2002-03-12 released
2002-10-01 implementation
Published by the People's Republic of China
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Acronyms
4 Choice of respiratory protective equipment
4.2 Selection based on harmful environment
4.3 Select according to operating conditions
4.4 According to operator selection
5 Use of respiratory protective equipment
5.1 General principles
5.2 Use of respiratory protective equipment in IDLH environment
5.3 Use of respiratory protective equipment in low temperature environments
5.4 Replacement of filter elements for filtering respiratory protective equipment
5.5 Use of air-supply respiratory protective equipment
6 Maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
6.1 Inspection and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
6.2 Cleaning and disinfection of respiratory protective equipment
6.3 Storage of respiratory protective equipment
7 respiratory protection plan
7.2 Respiratory protection plan content
7.3 Respiratory protection training content
Appendix A (informative) Factors to be considered in environmentally harmful assessment
Appendix B (normative) IDLH concentration
Appendix C (Informative) Warning for toxic gases and vapors
Appendix I) (informative) Examples of selection of respiratory protective equipment
Appendix E (Informative) Suitability Test
Appendix F (informative) Medical evaluation of the ability to use respiratory protective equipment
Appendix G (Normative Appendix) Wearing Airtightness Check
Appendix H (informative) Respiratory protection plan inspection method
1 Scope
This standard specifies the principles, methods and requirements for the selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment.
This standard applies to respiratory protective equipment used to prevent harm to the human body from oxygen deficiency and air pollutants in the workplace.
This standard does not apply to breathing equipment for underwater operations, aviation and medical rescue.
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents have become the clauses of this standard after being referenced. For dated references, all subsequent
Neither amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are applicable to this standard, however, parties who have reached an agreement under this standard are encouraged to study whether
No, use the latest version of these files. For the dated reference documents, the latest version is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2891-1995 Test method for filter type anti-virus and hood performance
GB 3836.1 Explosion-proof electrical equipment for explosive gas environments-Part 1. General requirements
GB 3836.2 Explosion-proof electrical equipment for explosive gas environments-Part 2. Explosion-proof type "d"
GB 3836.4 Explosion-proof electrical equipment for explosive environments Intrinsically safe circuits and electrical equipment "i"
GB 8958 Safety Regulations for Anoxic Dangerous Work
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1.1
Respiratory protective equipment
Protective equipment against hypoxic air and air pollutants entering the human respiratory tract
3.1.2
Air-purifying respiratory protective equipment
It can absorb the working environment air through the adsorption, absorption, catalysis or filtration of purification components, and remove harmful substances before
Respiratory protection for air.
[GB/T 12903-1991, definition 4.1.1]
3.1 * 3
Self-inhalation air-purifying respiratory protective equipment
Filtered respirator that overcomes the resistance of parts by the wearer's breathing.
3.1.4
Powered air-purifying respiratory protective equipment
Filtered respiratory protective equipment that overcomes the resistance of components by power (such as electric fans or manual fans) o
3.1.5
Tight-fitting facepiece
A mask that can cover the nose, mouth, and face, or a mask that can cover the eyes, nose, and mouth, and close to the head and face. Half-face mask
Hood and full and hood.
3.1.6
Isolation-supplying respiratory protective equipment
It can isolate the wearer's respiratory organs from the working environment, and rely on the air source carried by the wearer or rely on the air duct to introduce cleanliness outside the working environment.
Respiratory protection for clean air.
[GB/T 12903-1991, definition 4.1.2]
3.1.7
Supplied air respiratory protective equipment
An isolated respirator for the wearer to introduce clean air through the air tube through breathing or mechanical force
[GB/T 12903-1991, definition 4.2.1.1]
3.1.8
Self-contained breathing apparatus
The wearer carries an isolated respiratory protective device such as an air bottle, an oxygen bottle or an oxygen generator as an air source
[GB/T 12903.1991, definition 4.1.2.2]
3.1.9
Negative-pressure respiratory protective equipment
The utility model relates to a respiratory protective article, in which a pressure in a mask during a breathing cycle of a user is less than an ambient pressure during an inhalation phase.
[GB 16556-1996, definition 3.2]
3.1.1
Positive-pressure respiratory protective equipment
Respiratory protective article, the pressure in the mask during any breathing cycle of the user is greater than the ambient pressure
[GB 16556.1996, definition 3.3]
3.1 * 11
Loose-fitting facepiece
The air introduction device applied to positive pressure type respiratory protective articles covers only the eyes, nose and mouth, and is in close contact with the face.
3.1.12
Aspiration hood
The air introduction device used in positive pressure respiratory protective equipment can completely cover the head, eyes, nose, mouth to neck, and can also cover part of the shoulder or
Use with protective clothing.
3.1.13
Escape type respiratory protective equipment
Respiratory protection for use in emergency situations to escape from hazardous environments.
3.1.14
Airborne pollutant
Any gaseous or particulate matter that is not present in normal air or whose concentration exceeds its concentration range in normal air.
3.1.15
Particles
Aerosol
Solid, liquid, or solid and liquid particulate matter suspended in air, such as dust, smoke, mist, and microorganisms.
3.1.16
Dust dust
Small homogeneous particles suspended in the air are generally produced by the crushing of homogeneous materials by mechanical forces.
3.1.17
Smoke fume
The tiny solid particles suspended in the air are generally produced by the condensation of gas or vapor, and their particle size is usually smaller than that of dust.
3.1.18
Mist mist
Tiny droplets suspended in the air.
3.1.19
Low boiling point organic compound
Organic compounds with a boiling point below 65 C.
3.1.2
Hazardous atmosphere
Anoxic or air pollutant concentrations in excess of the air environment specified by national occupational health standards.
3.1.21
Immediately dangerous to life or health concentration
The concentration of air pollutants in the harmful environment reaches a certain dangerous level, which can be fatal, can permanently damage health, or can cause people to lose immediately
Escape ability.
3.1.22
Filter element
Filter materials or filter components used in filter-type respiratory protective equipment to filter out harmful substances in the inhaled air.
Examples. canisters (canisters), dust canisters, filter media, etc.
3.1.23
End-of-service-life indicator
Warn the user that respiratory protection is approaching a failed system.
3.1.24
Face-seal check
A simple tightness check method performed by the user of the respiratory protection article to ensure that the tight face mask is worn correctly.
3.1.25
Fit test
A method of checking the suitability of a certain type of close-fitting cover for a specific user. Suitability test points Qualitative suitability test and qualitative suitability
test.
3.1.26
Qualitative fit test
A suitability test that yields a pass or fail result based on the subject's perception of the test agent.
3.1 * 27
Quantitative fit test
It does not depend on the subject's perception of the test agent, and the fitness test of the M-fittedness factor test result is obtained.
3.1.28
Fit factor
The direct result of the quantitative suitability test of respiratory protective equipment, that is, the quantitative measurement
Measure the ratio of the concentration of the external test agent to the concentration leaked into the respirator.
3.1.29
Assigned protection factor
One or a class of suitable respiratory protective equipment is expected to pollute the air under the premise that it is suitable for the user to wear and use correctly
Fold reduction of concentration.
3.1.3
Hazard factor
The ratio of the concentration of air pollutants to the concentration limit specified by the national occupational health standard, taking an integer.
3.2 Acronyms
The following abbreviations apply to this standard.
APF specified protection factor
IDLH immediately threatens life and health
SCBA Portable Respiratory Protection
4 Choice of respiratory protective equipment
4.1 General principles
4.1.1 Without protection, no one should be exposed to an air environment that can or may endanger health.
4.1.2 The air environment during operation should be evaluated according to relevant national occupational health standards (various factors to be considered in the evaluation)
(See Appendix A) to identify the nature of the harmful environment and determine the degree of harm.
4.1.3 The possibility of taking engineering measures to control the harmful environment should be considered first. If engineering control measures cannot be implemented for various reasons, or
Law to completely eliminate the harmful environment, and during the period when the engineering control measures have not taken effect, it should be selected according to the provisions of 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4
Respiratory protective equipment. The classification of respiratory protective equipment is shown in Table U. The selection procedure is shown in Figure 1.
4.1.4 Nationally approved respiratory protective equipment should be selected.
4.1.5 When selecting respiratory protective equipment, you should also refer to the technical regulations in the instruction manual and meet its applicable conditions.
4.1.6 If it is necessary to use respiratory protective equipment to prevent harmful environmental hazards, the employer shall establish and implement a standardized respiratory protection plan.
4.2 Selection based on harmful environment
4.2.1 Identification of hazardous environmental properties
Hazardous environments in operations should be identified and the following conditions should be known.
a) whether it can identify harmful environments;
b) whether hypoxia and oxygen concentration value;
c) the presence of air pollutants and their concentrations
d) The form of air pollutants, whether it is particulate matter, gas or vapor, or a combination of them, and further understand the following.
1) If it is a particulate matter, you should know whether it is homomorphic or liquid. Is its boiling point and vapor pressure volatile at the operating temperature?
Radioactive, oily, possible dispersion, occupational health standards, IDLH concentration (see attached
Record B), whether it can also be absorbed through the skin, whether it is sensitised to the skin, whether it irritates or corrodes the skin and eyes, etc .;
2) If it is a gas or vapor, you should know whether it has a noticeable smell or irritation (see Appendix C), and whether you have a professional
Hygienic standards, whether there is IDLH concentration (see Appendix B), whether it can be absorbed through the skin, whether it is sensitised to the skin, whether it is stinging
Stimulate or corrode skin and eyes.
4.2.2 Determine the degree of harm
Determine the degree of harm according to the following methods.
a) If the nature of the hazardous environment is unknown, it should be treated as an IDLH environment;
b) if hypoxia, or if it is impossible to determine whether hypoxia, should be used as IDLH environment;
c) If the air pollutant concentration is unknown, reaches or exceeds the IDLH concentration, it shall be regarded as the IDLH environment;
d) If the concentration of air pollutants does not exceed the IDLH concentration, the concentration should be determined according to formula (1) according to the relevant national occupational health standards.
Hazard factor; if more than one air pollutant exists at the same time, the hazard factor of each air pollutant should be calculated separately and taken
The one with the highest value is the hazard factor.
Take protective measures to protect other bare skin; select respiratory protective equipment compatible with other personal protective equipment;
b) If a foreseeable emergency situation exists during operation, the appropriate escape breathing protection should be selected according to the nature of the danger.
Products, or select respiratory protective equipment according to 4.2.3.1 of this standard;
) If the hazardous environment is an explosive environment, the respiratory protective equipment selected should comply with GB 3836.KGB 3836.2 and GB 3836.4
If you choose SCBA, you should choose air respirator, but oxygen respirator is not allowed;
d) If you choose air-supply respiratory protective equipment, you should pay attention to the distance between the work place and the air source, and the air duct to other operators on the site.
Problems such as obstacles to employees, damaged or cut off gas supply lines, and take possible precautions;
e) If there is high temperature, low temperature or high humidity on site, or organic solvents and other corrosive substances, it should choose high temperature, low temperature or resistance
Corrosive respiratory protective equipment, or choose air-supply respiratory protective equipment that can regulate temperature and humidity
0 If the work intensity is large or the work time is long, you should choose respiratory protective equipment with low respiratory load, such as air supply or air supply
Filter-type respiratory protective equipment;
g) if there is a need for clear vision, respiratory protective equipment with better vision should be selected;
h) If there is a need for language communication, respiratory protective equipment with suitable communication functions should be selected.
4.4 According to operator selection
4.4.1 Head and Facial Features
When choosing a half-mask or full-face mask, pay attention to.
) If the manufacturer or distributor of respiratory protective equipment can provide the user with a suitability test, it can help the user choose a suitable fit
Masks, see Appendix E for suitability testing methods
b) The beard or long hair will affect the tightness between the cover and the outer part. The user should shave the beard in advance to avoid pinching the hair.
Between the mask and facial skin;
c) The characteristics of the user should be considered. If it is affected by scars, sunken temples, very prominent cheekbones, skin folds, nasal deformities, etc.
When the face and the mask are in close contact, choose a mask that has nothing to do with facial features.
4.4.2 Comfort
The operating environment should be evaluated to determine if the operator will suffer the adverse effects of physical factors (such as high temperatures), and the choice can mitigate such adverse effects
Affect and wear comfortable respiratory protective equipment, such as choosing air-supplying respiratory protective equipment with cooling function.
4.4.3 Vision Correction
Vision correction glasses should not affect the adhesion of respiratory protective equipment to the face. If respiratory protective equipment provides structure using corrective lenses
For components, appropriate vision correction lenses should be selected and used in accordance with the instructions of the instruction manual.
4.4.4 Physical conditions unsuitable for use of respiratory protective equipment
Advice from industrial hygienists should be sought on those with a history of cardiopulmonary system, severe psychological stress response to confined spaces and respiratory loads
Personnel should consider their ability to use respiratory protective equipment
See Appendix F for a medical evaluation of the ability to use respiratory protective equipment.
5 Use of respiratory protective equipment
5.1-General principles
5.1.1 The protective function of any respiratory protective equipment is limited. Users should be made aware of the limitations of the respiratory protective equipment used.
5.1.2 When using any kind of respiratory protective equipment, you should read the product instruction carefully and use it strictly as required.
5.1.3 All users should be provided with training in the use of respiratory protective equipment. At a workplace that must be equipped with escape-type respiratory protective equipment
Relevant operating personnel and other entering personnel should be trained in the use of escape-type respiratory protective equipment. SCBA should be limited to
Use for door training personnel.
5.1.4 Before use, check the integrity of respiratory protective equipment, the suitability of filter elements, battery tf, gas storage in cylinders, etc.
It is allowed to be used only after it meets the relevant regulations.
5.1.5 Before entering the harmful environment, wear respiratory protective equipment. For tight-fitting masks, the user should perform a tightness check to
Confirm tightness. See Appendix G for wearing airtightness inspection methods.
5.1.6 Personnel working in hazardous environments should always wear respiratory protective equipment.
5.1.7 The use of escape-type respiratory protective equipment alone is not allowed to enter the harmful environment, and only allowed to leave from it.
5.1.8 When you feel uncomfortable symptoms such as odor, cough, irritation, nausea, etc., you should leave the harmful environment immediately, and check for respiratory protection.
After re-entering the harmful environment, determine and eliminate the fault; if no fault exists, replace the effective filter element.
5.1.9 If the respiratory protective equipment uses several filter elements at the same time, such as double filter boxes, they should be replaced at the same time.
5.1.10 If the new filter element fails quickly in some cases, the applicability of the selected filter element should be re-evaluated.
5.1.11 Except for common parts, different brands of respiratory protective equipment should not be approved without the approval of the manufacturer of respiratory protective equipment.
Parts are assembled or combined.
5.1.12 All personnel using respiratory protective equipment should undergo regular physical examinations to regularly evaluate their ability to use respiratory protective equipment. Evaluation
See Appendix F for methods.
5.2 Use of respiratory protective equipment in IDLH environment
5.2.1 The use of respiratory protective equipment in hazardous anoxic operations shall comply with the provisions of GB 8958.
5.2.2 As far as space permits, two people should enter the IDLH environment to work as much as possible at the same time, and should be equipped with safety belts and lifeline;
At least one person outside the IDLH area should be in effective contact with the entrant and should be equipped with life-saving and first-aid equipment.
5.3 Use of respiratory protective equipment in low temperature environments
5.3.1 Full-face lens should have anti-fog or anti-frost ability
5.3.2 The compressed air or oxygen used in the supplied respiratory protective equipment or SCBA should be dry.
5.3.3 Personnel using SCBA should understand the precautions for operation in low temperature environment.
5.4 Replacement of filter elements for filtering respiratory protective equipment
5.4.1 Replacement of dust filter element
The service life of the dust filter element is affected by the concentration of particulate matter, the user's breathing frequency, the size of the filter element and environmental conditions. With
The accumulation of particulate matter on the filter element will gradually increase the resistance to breathing and make it unusable. Filter elements should be replaced when.
a) When the person using self-absorption filtering respiratory protective equipment feels that the respiratory resistance has increased significantly;
b) The person using the electric air-supply filter type dust-proof breathing protective equipment confirms that the battery level is normal, and the air supply volume is lower than that specified by the manufacturer.
At the lowest limit;
) People who use manual air-supply filter type dust respirator feel that the air supply resistance is significantly increased.
5.4.2 Replacement of anti-virus filter element
The service life of anti-virus filter elements is affected by the types and concentrations of air pollutants, the user's breathing rate, ambient temperature and humidity conditions
素 IMPACT. Generally, the replacement time of the anti-virus filter element is determined as follows.
) When users feel the smell or irritation of air pollutants, they should be replaced immediately;
Note. The use of air pollutant odors or irritants to judge the failure of filter elements is limited (see Appendix c)
b) For routine operations, it is recommended to determine the replacement schedule of filter elements based on experience, experimental data or other objective methods, and replace them regularly;
C) Record the usage time after each use to help determine the replacement time;
d) The service life of ordinary organic gas filter elements for low-boiling organic compounds will generally be shortened and should be replaced in time after each use;
For the protection of other organic compounds, if the use time is separated by a few mouths or weeks, it should also be replaced when re-used.
5.5 Use of air-supply respiratory protective equipment
5.5.1 The gas supply quality M should be checked before use. The gas supply should not be deficient in oxygen, and the concentration of air pollutants should not exceed the relevant national standards.
Occupational health standards or related air quality standards.
5.5.2 Gas supply pipe joints are not allowed to be used with other gas pipe joints in the workplace.
5.5.3 The air supply pipe should be avoided from interfering with other moving objects on the job site. Rolling the air supply pipe is not allowed.
6 Maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
6.1 Inspection and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
6.1.1 In accordance with the relevant content and requirements in the instruction manual of respiratory protective equipment, inspection and maintenance shall be carried out by trained personnel to
For content not included in the instruction manual, the producer or distributor should be consulted.
6.1.2 Respiratory protective equipment should be regularly inspected and maintained.
6- 1.3 The SCBA should be used immediately after replacement of used or partially used gas cylinders or breathing gas generators, and other filter components.
It is not allowed to exchange air cylinders and oxygen cylinders when replacing gas cylinders.
6.1.4 The air or oxygen cylinders shall be regularly tested at the institutions qualified for testing corresponding pressure vessels in accordance with relevant national regulations.
6.1.5 Special lubricants should be used to lubricate high-pressure air or oxygen equipment.
6.1.6 The user is not allowed to refill the filter-type respirator canister or the adsorption filter material in the filter box by himself, nor is it allowed.
Take any measures to extend the life of the failed filter element by yourself.
6.2 Cleaning and disinfection of respiratory protective equipment
6.2.1 Personal respiratory protection equipment should be cleaned and disinfected regularly, and non-personal should be cleaned and disinfected after each use.
6.2.2 Filter elements are not allowed to be cleaned. For filter-type respiratory protective equipment with replaceable filter elements, remove the filter elements before cleaning.
6.2.3 When cleaning the mask, the relevant parts should be disassembled in accordance with the instruction manual, cleaned in warm water with a soft brush, or adde...
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