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GB 17378.7-2007: The specification for marine monitoring -- Part 7: Ecological survey for offshore pollution and biological monitoring
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 17378.7-2007 (GB17378.7-2007) | | Description (Translated English) | The specification for marine monitoring -- Part 7: Ecological survey for offshore pollution and biological monitoring | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | A45 | | Classification of International Standard | 07.060 | | Word Count Estimation | 103,18 | | Date of Issue | 2007-10-18 | | Date of Implementation | 2008-05-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 17378.7-1998 | | Quoted Standard | GB 3097-1997; GB/T 12763.4; GB 17378.1; GB 17378.2; GB 17378.3; GB 17378.4; GB 17378.5; GB 17378.6; GB 18668-2002 | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 12 of 2007 (total 112) | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard provides offshore pollution ecological survey and biological monitoring of sample collection, experiment, analysis, data compilation methods such as technical requirements. This standard applies to offshore pollution biology investigation, monitoring and evaluation. | GB 17378.7-2007: The specification for marine monitoring -- Part 7: Ecological survey for offshore pollution and biological monitoring
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The specification for marine monitoring.Part 7. Ecological survey for offshore pullution and biological monitoring
ICS 07.060
A45
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replacing GB 17378.7-1998
Marine monitoring
Part 7. Ecological survey of offshore pollution
And biomonitoring
Posted 2007-10-18
2008-05-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅴ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions
General provisions 2 4
5 plankton ecological survey 3
5.1 survey content and methodology 3
5.2 Offshore Survey 4
5.3 Sample collection and analysis 6
5.4 data compilation 10
6 large benthic ecological survey 12
6.1 survey content and methodology 12
13 6.2 Sample Collection
6.3 Indoor specimen processing 16
6.4 data compilation and save 17
Room 7 intertidal biological and ecological survey 17
7.1 survey content and methodology 17
19 7.2 Sample Collection
7.3 indoor specimens, Identification and save 21
7.4 data compilation 22
Determination of chlorophyll -a 8 of 23
8.1 fluorospectrophotometry 23
24 8.2 Spectrophotometry
Fecal coliform detection 9 25
9.1 Fermentation 25
9.2 filter method 28
10 Total number of bacteria measured 30
10.1 Plate Count 30
10.2 fluorescence microscopy direct counting method 31
11 32 toxicity test
12 fish avoidance response test 36
13 for determination of filter feeders 38
14 red tide toxin --- paralytic shellfish poison detection 40
15 mariculture zone monitoring 42
Appendix A (normative) Table 48 records
Annex B (informative) ecological pollution survey methods commonly Review 86
Annex C (informative) test animal spawning broodstock and larval stages of the culture conditions 88
Annex D (normative) Vibrio detection --- plate count 89
Appendix E (normative) sediment fecal coliform --- fermentation 90
Annex F (normative) Total deposits heterotrophic plate count bacteria --- 91
Annex G (informative) The total number of heterotrophic bacteria Rank 92
Annex H (normative) water quality, sediment quality evaluation data Summary 93
Content Annex I (normative) mariculture zone monitoring report format 95
Table 1 shallow Ⅰ type plankton net size 4
Table 2 shallow Ⅱ type plankton net size 4
Table 3 shallow Ⅲ type plankton net size 4
Table 4 Shape the tag 7
Table 5 dredging label 16
Table 6 trawl label 16
Table 7 Quantitative tag 21
Table 8 Qualitative tag 21
Table 9 Table 28 Number of coliform detection
Table 10 percent probability unit conversion table 35
Table 11 time of death in mice and rats relational table unit 42
Table 12 water quality monitoring project analysis 44
Table 13 Deposition Monitoring Analysis of Project 45
Table 14 Table 47 Classification of organic pollution assessment
Table A. 1 plankton collected record table 48
Table A. 2 vertical stratification of zooplankton trawl acquisition record Table 49
Table A. 3 Registration Form 50 plankton samples
Table A. 4 Number of phytoplankton cell count log table 51
Table A. 5 zooplankton biomass determination table 52
Table A. 6 type zooplankton individual record count table 53
Table A. 7 Noctiluca Table 54 counts the number of records
Table A. 8 Number of tables phytoplankton 55
Table A. 9 56 tables of zooplankton
Table A. 10 large sea benthic organisms collected record table 57
Table A. The main parameters of various biological species 58 11
Table A. 12 macrofauna quantitative acquisition record Table 59
Table A. 13 macrofauna qualitative acquisition record Table 60
Table A. 14 macrofauna density statistics 61
Table A. 15 macrofauna biomass Statistics 62
Table A. 16 species collected macrofauna distribution table 63
Table A. 17 Large collection of qualitative benthic species distribution table 64
Table A. Room 18 intertidal biological wild collection records Table 65
Table A. 19 intertidal zone between quantitative acquisition record Table 66
Table A. 20 intertidal zone between qualitative acquisition record Table 67
Table A. Among 21 major taxa intertidal species composition tables 68
Table A. Room 22 intertidal species biological quantitative distribution table 69
Table A. 23 Determination of chlorophyll a fluorescence record table 70
Table A. 24 chlorophyll a, b, c spectrophotometry record Table 71
Table A. 25 fecal coliform record table (fermentation) 72
Table A. 26 fecal coliform record table (filter method) 73
Table A. 27 74 bacteria plate count record form
Table A. 28 fluorescence microscope direct counting the total number of marine bacteria record table 75
Table A. 29 toxicity test records Table 76
Table A. 30 toxicity test data conversion statistics Registration Form 77
Table A. 31 fish avoidance response test records Table 78
Table A. 32 filter-feeding experiment record chart 79
Table A. 33 contaminated water samples recorded in Table 80
Table A. 34 red tide shellfish toxin toxicity test records Table 81
Table A. Water quality monitoring results 35 mariculture zones report 82
Table A. 36 mariculture sediments Surveillance Report 84
Table A. 37 phytoplankton cell count of the number recorded in Table 85
Table C. 1 animals tested broodstock spawning and larval culture conditions 88
Table G. 1 Total number of heterotrophic bacteria Rank table 92
Table H. 1 Water pollution factor of the pollution index report 93
Table H. Sediment pollution index 2 of the pollution factor of 93
Table H. Nutritional Quality Index 94 3
Table H. 4 Water Pollution Evaluation Index 94
Table H. 5 Water Quality Index nutritional status 94
Foreword
All technical content in this section is mandatory.
GB 17378 "marine monitoring" is divided into seven parts.
--- Part 1. General;
--- Part 2. Data processing and analysis of quality control;
--- Part 3. Sample collection, storage and transport;
--- Part 4. Seawater analysis;
--- Part 5. Sediment analysis;
--- Part 6. Analysis of the organism;
--- Part 7. Ecological survey of offshore pollution and biological monitoring.
This section GB of Section 717 378, instead of GB 17378.7-1998 "specification for marine monitoring Part 7. Health and offshore pollution
State survey and biological monitoring. "
This section compared with GB 17378.7-1998 main changes are as follows.
--- Added "mariculture zone monitoring" (see Chapter 15);
--- Increases the recording sheet (see Appendix A);
--- The "pollution ecological survey methods commonly Commentary" Adjust informative annex (1998 edition Appendix A; Excerpts
Appendix B);
--- Will be subject to "test animal culture conditions for broodstock spawning and larval stage of the" adjustment information appendix (1998 edition Appendix B; this
Version of Appendix C);
--- Added "Vibrio detection --- plate count method" (see Appendix D);
--- Added "sediment fecal coliform --- fermentation method" (see Appendix E);
--- Added "Total deposits heterotrophic plate count bacteria ---" (see Appendix F);
--- Added "heterotrophic bacterial count Rank" (see Appendix G);
--- Increased "water quality, sediment quality evaluation fact sheets" (see Appendix H);
--- Added "content mariculture zone monitoring report format" (see Appendix I).
Appendix A, Appendix D, Appendix E, Appendix F, Appendix H and Appendix I to this part of the normative appendix, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix G
Informative appendices.
This part by the State Oceanic Administration.
This part of the National Standardization Technical Commission for Oceanography (SAC/TC283) centralized.
This section drafted by. National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center.
The main drafters of this section. mountain - foot plain, Wang Lijun, Liang Yubo, Xuheng Zhen, Yu Tao, Han Dragon, Guan Tao Ming Ong Jian Guo, flooding Zhang, Hong-jun
Chao, Zhang Chunming, Xukun Can, Chen Weiyue, Jintao.
This part of the standard replaces the previous editions are.
--- GB 17378.7-1998.
Marine monitoring
Part 7. Ecological survey of offshore pollution
And biomonitoring
1 Scope
GB 17378 provisions of this part of the ecological survey of offshore pollution and biological monitoring of sample collection, laboratory analysis, data compilation methods
Technical requirements.
This section applies to biological survey of offshore pollution, monitoring and evaluation.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this Part of GB 17378, constitute provisions of this part. For dated reference documents
Member, all subsequent amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this section, however, encouraged to reach under this section
Parties to research agreement to use the latest versions of these documents. For undated reference documents, the latest versions apply to this
section.
GB 3097-1997 water quality standards
GB/T 12763.4 oceanographic survey
GB 17378.1 marine monitoring Part 1. General
GB 17378.2 specification for marine monitoring Part 2. Data processing and quality control analysis
GB 17378.3 specification for marine monitoring Part 3. Sample collection, storage and transportation
GB 17378.4 specification for marine monitoring Part 4. Seawater Analysis
GB 17378.5 specification for marine monitoring Part 5. Sediment analysis
GB 17378.6 specification for marine monitoring Part 6. Analysis of the organism
GB 18668-2002 marine sediment quality
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this part of GB 17378.
3.1
Small size suspended in the aqueous layer, no or only weak swimming ability to move with the flow of aquatic organisms.
3.2
Benthos of a class, not through 0.5mm aperture sieve benthic organisms.
3.3
Between individuals (5 ~ 10) mm plankton. Jellyfish, large copepods, krill, shrimp cherry, tunicates, Chaetognatha, wing enough
Molluscs and different mollusks and other collectively.
3.4
For some pollutants have a strong ability to endure or to a pollutant-sensitive species.
3.5
The organism is placed under the test conditions, influence of pollutants, then observed and measured biological abnormalities or death effects, including acute, sub
Acute and chronic toxicity tests.
3.6
Toxicity testing solution was used as poison or sewerage saliva sample dilutions at various concentrations.
3.7
Degree (multiple) test solution diluted.
3.8
As a biological toxicity tests.
3.9
Biological test sample solution in direct contact with start and end time range.
3.10
In certain observation period, resulting in a 50% concentration of toxicant test biological death.
3.11
In certain observation period, resulting in 50% of the test organism to any abnormal reactions (such as avoidance, feeding rate and breathing rate change, the balance of mourning
Loss, etc.) of toxicant concentration.
4 General Provisions
4.1 Ecological survey of coastal pollution
Ecological survey content coastal pollution as follows.
--- Plankton ecological survey;
--- Large benthic ecological survey;
--- Intertidal zone between biological and ecological investigations.
4.2 Biomonitoring
Biomonitoring reads as follows.
--- Chlorophyll a;
--- Fecal coliform;
---Total number of bacteria;
--- Toxicity test;
--- Fish avoidance response test;
--- Filter feeding rate determination;
--- --- Red tide toxin paralytic shellfish poison detection.
Selection and monitoring of projects 4.3 Survey
Coastal pollution ecological surveys and monitoring of project selection should follow the following principles.
--- Investigation and monitoring should be based on the purpose and nature of the task to consider the content of biological surveys and monitoring. Typically, at baseline (background)
Survey and Assessment of Environmental Quality, the plankton ecological surveys, ecological surveys of large benthic organisms, biological and ecological intertidal tune
Investigation, chlorophyll a, and the total number of fecal coliform bacteria and other items should be measured;
--- Hazard Investigation and outfall, Dumping Area, offshore oil development zones and other surveillance monitoring, measuring toxicity tests should be selected, fish back
Avoidance reaction test for determination of filter feeders and other projects;
--- Red tide toxins (paralytic shellfish poisoning) testing, should be monitored regularly in the area of red tide and red tide season, paralysis or suspicious
Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) poisoning the application;
--- Use of pollution ecological survey data commonly used method Review (see Appendix B) should be careful, you should compare the results obtained by several methods, and
Combined with traditional ecological description method, comprehensive analysis;
--- Several test animals spawning broodstock and larval stages of the culture conditions (see Appendix C), due to strong biological area, with its progress throughout
When the line of toxicity tests should be carried out to raise the necessary test;
--- In the biological monitoring of pollution accumulated in vivo determination of the amount of material, one of the main content. Its analytical determination methods, see
GB 17378.6.
5 plankton ecological survey
5.1 survey content and methodology
5.1.1 Survey content
5.1.1.1 Biological Survey
Investigation of phytoplankton species composition and quantity distribution; zooplankton biomass, species composition and quantity distribution.
5.1.1.2 Environmental Investigation
Depending on the nature of the contamination survey purpose, type and source of an investigation to determine and monitor the project. Environmental investigation and monitoring of red tides, particularly
Determination of nutrients, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, pH, color, trace heavy metals, iron, manganese, chlorophyll a, etc. should be considered.
5.1.2 Type of survey
5.1.2.1 Survey (or basic research)
Grasp the investigation area plankton species composition, quantitative distribution, seasonal changes and other ecological status quo for the investigation area of ecological pollution monitoring
Test and evaluation, to provide background information.
Emplaced survey stations shall be consistent with the environmental monitoring stations set up consistent. If stations dense, heavy workload, plankton interval may be considered to take station
kind. Survey time once a month, as required during the high tides and neap tide.
5.1.2.2 Monitoring survey
Master polluted waters, especially the relation between AB frequent occurrence area of plankton (especially red tide species) and its dynamic environment. through
Over the long-term accumulation of data for environmental and red tide prediction, forecast to make the necessary preparations.
Such investigations should not be too laid stations, can be based on the Survey, select a number of "hot spots," a station periodically sampled and analyzed. once
Abnormal, should pay close attention to their movements, and appropriately increase the number of investigations, according to Survey stations, to conduct a more comprehensive survey. per month
Once during the spring tide, red tide often made of (April to October), 5d survey monitored once, and set the control station.
5.1.2.3 emergency follow-up survey
Emergency response actions are tracked accidental contamination (such as oil spills) or the occurrence of red tides occur when taken. Investigate, monitor
Sampling should be rushed to the scene as soon as possible, and continue to visual signs disappear. Once a day or every other day sampling. Station layout should be made in accordance with pollution or red tide
Students range, according to the gradient, where appropriate, may be. Should also be outside the scope of the accident, select one or two stations as a control.
5.1.3 Survey Methods
5.1.3.1 Sampling
Phytoplankton investigation, generally only taken water samples. Station at 15m water depth within the shallow, mining the table, the bottom two; water depth of more than 15m
Mining table, the bottom three. If you need more information about its vertical distribution, according to 0m, 3m, 5m, 10m, 15m and other low-level samples. when
The need for continuous observation day and night, you can press the hierarchical sampling every interval 2h or 3h.
5.1.3.2 trawl
Typically used for zooplankton sampling. Phytoplankton trawl sampling, need to be considered in a detailed analysis of the use of species composition. General use
Predetermined gear from the seabed to the surface for vertical trawl sampling. To understand its vertical distribution, according 5m ~ 0m, 10m ~ 5m, to the end
10m vertically stratified trawl and other levels. For day and night continuous observation, phytoplankton and water samples should be of the same interval.
5.2 Survey at sea
5.2.1 Sampling tools and equipment
5.2.1.1 Phytoplankton samples were collected water heater.
Following is a sample of phytoplankton common water harvesting device.
--- Reverse, water harvesting device;
--- Card cover type water harvesting device.
5.2.1.2 nets
The following types of nets.
--- Shallow Ⅰ type plankton net. used to capture large zooplankton and fish eggs, fish larvae and the like. As shown in Table 1;
--- Shallow Ⅱ plankton net. for the acquisition and small zooplankton. As shown in Table 2;
--- Shallow Ⅲ type plankton net. used to collect phytoplankton samples for analysis using species composition. As shown in Table 3.
Table 1 shallow Ⅰ type plankton net Specifications
Portion sizes and materials
Ethernet port inner diameter 50cm, net mouth area of 0.20m2, net circle with a diameter of 10mm round bar
Filtration unit
1 long 5cm, small canvas
2 long 135cm, CQ14 silk screen or JP12
Bottom wire 3 diameter 9cm, length 5cm, small canvas
A total length of 145cm
Table 2 shallow Ⅱ type plankton net Specifications
Portion sizes and materials
Ethernet port internal diameter 31.6cm, net mouth area of 0.08m2, net circle with a diameter of 10mm round bar
Nose cone section 1 length 35cm, thin canvas, the ring diameter 50cm, net circle with a diameter of 10mm round bar
Filter unit 2 long 100cm, CB36 silk screen or JP36
Bottom wire 3 diameter 9cm, length 5cm, small canvas
A total length of 140cm
Table 3 shallow Ⅲ type plankton net Specifications
Portion sizes and materials
Ethernet port inner diameter 37cm, net mouth area of 0.1m2, mesh circle with a diameter of 10mm round bar
Filtration unit
1 long 5cm, small canvas
2 long 130cm, JF62 silk screen or JP80
Bottom wire 3 diameter 9cm, length 5cm, small canvas
A total length of 140cm
5.2.1.3 Shading tube
Means specimens collected plankton net terminal. An outer diameter of 9cm, silk screen sets used with plankton net mesh size clothing silk screen
Consistent.
5.2.1.4 Stopper
Plankton net mouth shut means for controlling stratified acquisition.
5.2.1.5 flowmeter
Measuring the amount of plankton net water treatment equipment, the use of network attached to the midpoint of the radius of the mouth, the water flow through the impeller to rotate its drive recorder record
Record the number of revolutions, the necessary conversion can be obtained with the actual amount of water flowing through the network.
The meter is not calibrated before use or after field calibration test is intended for use in calm sea. Flowmeter calibration method is to press
Position of actual use, is mounted on the ring network without netting, the actual speed according to trawl sampling from a certain depth (10m or 30m)
Drag the vertical surface, record the number of revolutions. So repeated 5 times to 10 times, taking the average, and then calculate the flow rate per revolution, for the meter calibration
value. This value must be at least three significant figures.
5.2.1.6 shipboard equipment
The following equipment is standing on board equipment.
--- Winches, boom and wire rope. winch should be equipped with variable speed (0.3m/s ~ 1.5m/s) cable discharge means and the counter electric winch.
If the lack of the device can be used instead of building lift or hand winch used. Steel cord diameter generally is about 4.8mm. Hang
Bar mounting need higher ship 3m, across sheer distance of about 1m;
--- Flushing equipment. pumps, pipes, buckets and water ball (large ear wash ball);
---lighting device.
5.2.2 Sample Collection
5.2.2.1 prepare pre-sea
5.2.2.1.1 Press survey project, the number of stations, the level of preparation for adequate sampling tool and numbered bottles of various specimens, fixatives, tables and other records,
Packing board and put in place to avoid the impact and lost;
5.2.2.1.2 carefully check the equipment on board is working properly, in case of failure, should be immediately removed or replaced;
5.2.2.1.3 formulated fixing system
Phytoplankton fixing iodine. Its method of preparation is iodine (I2 is) is dissolved in 5% potassium iodide (KI) solution, and a saturated solution.
Requirements per liter of water sample added to the iodine solution 6mL ~ 8mL ready.
Zooplankton fixed with 5% formaldehyde. Without prior preparation, only about 5% of the sample bottles by capacity was added to a solution of formaldehyde.
Prepare 5.2.2.2 before the arrival of
5.2.2.2.1 collection should arrive early to work, again check the nets and their accessories, and other related table record with is perfect,
Identify problems and timely treatment;
5.2.2.2.2 When the ship station should first check stations, until the boat stop, measuring the actual depth, sampling levels and determine the length of the rope should be placed.
5.2.2.3 Sampling
5.2.2.3.1 phytoplankton water sampling
Phytoplankton samples were collected according to the following requirements.
--- With reverse, water harvesting or card cover type water harvesting device, and its use sampling procedures with the same water quality projects;
--- Sampling survey, as the level required, program requirements and the actual depth of the sea area of each station may be;
--- Be sure to collect water samples simultaneously with water harvesting chlorophyll a and water quality projects;
--- Desired sample volume of water is generally 500mL;
--- After sampling, the sample should be added per liter of water 6mL ~ 8mL iodine fixed.
5.2.2.3.2 vertical trawl sampling
Respectively shallow Ⅰ, type Ⅱ plankton net towed vertically from bottom to table collecting zooplankton. For Phytoplankton, use shallow Ⅲ
Type network. The steps are as follows.
--- Should be checked every time the net before the net has no damage was found damaged should be repaired or replaced netting; check the network bottom pipe and the flowmeter
In a normal state, and the meter dial pointer refers to zero; nets into the water, when the network port close to the surface, to be adjusted to counter pointer
Zero position; after the network port into the water, at speeds of generally not more than 1m/s, in order to keep the rope tight straight prevail; nets close to the sea when
At the end, the winch should slow down, when the sinker bottom, slack rope, should stop immediately, write down the length of the rope;
--- Nets can play immediately after reaching the seafloor network speed is maintained at 0.5m/s or so; network interface is not exposed before the water can not stop; from the network port
Open water should slow down and stop in time, beware nets touch the bottom or the scratch card ring collision pulley, so the rope Jiaoduan, lost nets;
--- The net was raised to the proper height, flush with the outer surface of the device from top to bottom repeated washing netting (Never flush water into the network port),
So adhered to the online network focused on the specimen tube bottom; the net income deck, open network at the end of the shutter tube, the specimen is loaded specimen bottle, then
Close mesh bottom pipe valve, wash the ear wash ball suction silk screen sets, so repeatedly, until all the residual income specimen sample bottle;
--- 5% by volume of the sample, the solution was added formalin fixed.
5.2.2.3.3 stratified sampling trawl
Hierarchical collection should gear locking device, a predetermined level of each sample. Steps are.
--- Before the net should make nets, blocking, wire rope, rope down the middle in the normal sampling state, the vertical trawl net method;
--- Gear falls below a predetermined lower bound of the aqueous layer should be sampled from the network immediately, such as vertical speed trawl; when the water level will reach sampling network sector, should be reduced
Slow speed (to avoid parking to prevent the spillover of the sample), ahead lay the hammer (advance per 10m water depth of about 1m); when the wire rope
Now instant relaxation or vibration, indicating that the network is down (Record the r...
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