YS/T 67-2018: PDF in English (YST 67-2018) YS/T 67-2018
YS
NON-FERROUS METAL INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.150.10
H 61
Replacing YS/T 67-2012
Wrought Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Billets
ISSUED ON: APRIL 30, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: SEPTEMBER 01, 2018
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s
Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms ... 6
4 Requirements ... 6
5 Test Methods ... 12
6 Inspection Rules ... 15
7 Marking, Packaging, Transportation, Storage and Quality Certificate ... 17
8 Contents of Order Form (or Contract) ... 19
Appendix A (Informative) Quality Assurance ... 20
Appendix B (Informative) Typical Homogenization Effect Diagram of Aluminum Alloy
... 23
Bibliography ... 26
Wrought Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Billets
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging,
transportation, storage and quality certificate and order (or contract) content of wrought
aluminum and aluminum alloy billets.
This Standard applies to billets (hereinafter referred to as billets) of wrought aluminum and
aluminum alloys (except 4××× series alloys) for processing such as extrusion and forging.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential to the application of this Document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this Document; for the
undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this
Document.
GB/T 3190 Wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy - Chemical composition
GB/T 3199 Wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy products - Packing, marking,
transporting and storing
GB/T 3246.1 Inspection method for structure of wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy
products - Part 1: Inspection method for microstructure
GB/T 3246.2 Inspection method for structure of wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy
products - Part 2: Inspection method for macrostructure
GB/T 7999 Optical emission spectrometric analysis method of aluminum and aluminum
alloys
GB/T 8005.1 Aluminum and aluminum alloy terms and definitions - Part 1: Product and
method of processing and treatment
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement of
limiting values
GB/T 17432 Methods for sampling for analyzing the chemical composition of wrought
aluminum and aluminum alloys
mass fractions".
5.1.4 The rounding comparison method is used to determine the analytical value. The numerical
rounding rules are in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T 8170. The rounding
digits shall be consistent with the limit digits specified in GB/T 3190.
5.2 Purity
5.2.1 Hydrogen content
5.2.1.1 The hydrogen content can be detected by online liquid hydrogen measurement or solid-
state hydrogen measurement. Solid-state hydrogen measurement shall be used during
arbitration analysis.
5.2.1.2 The test method for liquid hydrogen measurement shall be carried out in accordance
with the provisions of YS/T 600.
5.2.1.3 The test method for solid-state hydrogen measurement shall be carried out in accordance
with the provisions of Appendix B in GB/T 33911-2017.
5.2.2 Slag content
The test method for slag content is carried out in accordance with the corresponding test
methods given in GB/T 32186-2015.
5.3 Dimensional-deviation
5.3.1 Dimension rounding
Dimensional measurements do not allow for rounding.
5.3.2 Outer and inner diameters
5.3.2.1 The outer diameter shall be measured anywhere between or on both end faces of the
billet by measuring tools of corresponding accuracy.
5.3.2.2 The inner diameter shall be measured on both ends of the billet by measuring tools of
corresponding accuracy.
5.3.3 Length
Use measuring tools of appropriate accuracy for measurements.
5.3.4 Curvature
Use a 1000 mm long ruler and place it against the surface of the billet along the length direction.
Then use a measuring tool of corresponding accuracy to measure the maximum gap (h1)
between the billet and the ruler. This value (h1) is the curvature of the billet on a length of 1000
5.4 Macrostructure
The test method of macrostructure shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of
GB/T 3246.2.
5.5 Microstructure
The test method of microstructure shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of
GB/T 3246.1.
5.6 Appearance quality
Visually inspect the appearance quality under natural scattered light. If necessary, the size of
the defect can be defined by a dimensional measuring tool; and the depth of the defect can be
measured through grinding.
6 Inspection Rules
6.1 Inspection and acceptance
6.1.1 The billets shall be inspected by the supplier to ensure that the quality of the billets
complies with the provisions of this Standard and the order form (or contract); and a quality
certificate shall be filled out.
6.1.2 The purchaser shall inspect the billets received in accordance with the provisions of this
Standard. If the inspection results are inconsistent with the provisions of this Standard and the
order form (or contract), it shall be submitted to the supplier in written, and the matter shall be
resolved through negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. Objections related to
appearance quality and dimensional deviations shall be raised within one month from the date
of receipt of the billets. Objections related to the structure and performance shall be raised
within three months from the date of receipt of the billets. If arbitration is needed, it can be
entrusted to an organization recognized by both the supplier and the purchaser, and sampling
can be done jointly at the purchaser side.
6.2 Batching
Billets shall be submitted for acceptance in batches; and each batch shall be composed of billets
of the same casting time and specifications.
6.3 Weighting
Products should be checked for weight.
6.4 Inspection items
Each batch of billets shall be inspected for chemical composition, dimensional deviation,
6.6 Judgment of inspection results
6.6.1 If the chemical composition of any specimen is unqualified, the batch of billets shall be
deemed to be unqualified.
6.6.2 If the hydrogen content or slag content of any specimen is unqualified, the batch of billets
shall be deemed to be unqualified.
6.6.3 If the dimensional deviation of any billet is unqualified, the billet shall be deemed to be
unqualified. Other billets shall be inspected one by one and those that pass shall be delivered.
6.6.4 When the macrostructure of any specimen is unqualified, the judgment shall be as follows:
a) If the oxide film is unqualified, the batch of billets shall be deemed to be unqualified.
b) If the specimen is unqualified due to unqualified non-metallic inclusions, looseness,
coarse compounds, or compound segregation, 400mm from both ends of the billet
represented by the specimen shall be cut; and then resample for repeated test. Only 1
repeat test is allowed. When the repeated test results are all qualified, other billets in the
batch shall be delivered after cutting off 400mm from both ends. If any specimen is
unqualified as a result of repeated test, the batch of billets shall be deemed to be
unqualified.
c) If the specimen is unqualified due to other defects, resample and repeat the test. When
the repeated test results are all qualified, other billets in the batch shall be delivered after
cutting off the top and end to the same length as that of the retaken specimen. When the
repeated test results show any sample is unqualified, the supplier is allowed to inspect
the billet piece by piece; and deliver the qualified ones.
6.6.5 When the microstructure of any specimen is unqualified, if the product can distinguish
the heat treatment furnace number, the furnace number represented by the specimen shall be
judged to be unqualified. Other furnace numbers shall be inspected in sequence, and the
qualified ones shall be delivered. If the furnace number cannot be distinguished, the batch of
billets shall be unqualified.
6.6.6 If the appearance quality of any billet is unqualified, the billet shall be deemed to be
unqualified.
7 Marking, Packaging, Transportation, Storage and Quality
Certificate
7.1 Marking
7.1.1 The end face of each billet is marked with the alloy designation, melting number, root
number, blank number, state and inspection stamp.
7.1.2 Each bundle of billets shall be accompanied by a label, indicating:
a) Seal of the supplier’s technical supervision department;
b) Product name;
c) Designation;
cl) Melting number;
e) State.
7.2 Packaging, transportation and storage
Billets are packaged as bare parts, and transportation and storage are carried out in accordance
with the provisions of GB/T 3199. Other packaging, transportation, and storage methods can
be determined through negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser and then specified
in the order form (or contract).
7.3 Quality certificate
Each batch of billets shall be accompanied by a product quality certificate that meets the
requirements of this Standard, indicating:
a) Supplier’s name, address, telephone, and fax;
b) Product name;
c) Designation;
d) Melting number;
e) Casting number;
f) Dimensional specifications;
g) Net weight and number of pieces;
h) Various inspection results and technical supervision department stamps;
i) This standard number;
j) Exit-factory date or date of packaging.
content of MgCl-KCl series can be relaxed to 2%; and other requirements shall be implemented
in accordance with YS/T 491.
A.2.7 The flux is not allowed to contain SO2- 4 , PO2- 4 , NO3-, heavy metals and other harmful
components that have adverse effects on the environment. It is not allowed to contain organic
matter or anti-caking agent that can decompose other toxic substances at the melting
temperature of pure aluminum and aluminum alloys.
A.2.8 The concentration of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals Na+, Li+, and Ca2+ in the flux
should be controlled, and the presence of free Na+ is not allowed to exist.
A.3 Online treatment
A.3.1 The inert gas used for online degassing should use argon gas with a content greater than
99.994%; online degassing should use a fully enclosed degassing device with a degassing rate
greater than 50% and a temperature change of inlet and outlet less than 15°C; others shall be
implemented according to YS/T 851.
A.3.2 When selecting online degassing equipment, the relationship between degassing
efficiency and residence time should be carefully considered.
A.3.3 For the grain refinement, Al-Ti-B or Al-Ti-C wire should be added online. For double-
zero foil and hot-rolled strips for CTP printing, plates for beverage cans, level-AA, level-A flaw
detection products and materials used for important engineering, and other aluminum and
aluminum alloy which have high requirements on the internal structure, Al-Ti-B or Al-Ti-C
wires that meet the requirements of Grade A in YS/T 447 should be used.
A.3.4 Appropriate filter media and degassing devices should be selected according to product
requirements and YS/T 601.
A.4 Casting
A.4.1 The thermal-insulating furnace should be a tilting furnace.
A.4.2 The overall slope of the launder between the furnace outlet and the casting platform inlet
shall be controlled to avoid surface disturbance of the aluminum melt during the flow process.
A.4.3 According to the flow rate of the melt during casting, a launder with a smaller cross-
section or a launder with good thermal insulation performance should be used.
A.4.4 The cooling water temperature should be controlled between 24°C and 35°C.
A.4.5 Chemical composition sample blanks should also be taken before the last filter inlet.
A.4.6 During the casting process, the liquid level difference between the inlet and outlet of the
filter device shall be observed at any time. The normal liquid level difference is between 5 mm
and 25 mm. If the liquid level difference is too high or too low, the filter medium shall be
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
|