QB/T 1520-2023 PDF English
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Household and similar electrical dishwasher
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| QB/T 1520-2013 | English | 145 |
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QB/T 1520-2023: Household and similar electrical dishwasher---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/QBT1520-2023
QB
LIGHT INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.040.40
CCS Y 62
Replacing QB/T 1520-2013
Household and similar electrical dishwasher
Issued on. JULY 28, 2023
Implemented on. FEBRUARY 01, 2024
Issued by. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Classification and model naming... 10
5 Requirements... 10
6 Test method... 14
7 Inspection rules... 25
8 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage... 28
Appendix A (Informative) Product classification and model naming... 30
Appendix B (Normative) Classification and grading of main performance indicators
... 32
Appendix C (Informative) Methods for preparing and coating Chinese pollutants... 33
Appendix D (Normative) Test method for short-time washing performance of
dishwashers... 36
Appendix E (Normative) Tooling for noise test of sink-type dishwasher... 38
Appendix F (Informative) Test method of dishwasher clean & dry-keeping performance
... 41
Appendix G (Informative) Test method for pesticide residue removal rate... 52
References... 55
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety, use performance, structure, materials and other
requirements for household and similar electrical dishwashers; describes the
corresponding test methods; specifies the inspection rules, marking, packaging,
transportation, storage content; gives the classification and model naming for the
convenience of technical specifications.
This document applies to the production, inspection, sale of household and similar
electrical dishwashers with a single-phase rated voltage not exceeding 250 V and other
appliances with a rated voltage not exceeding 480 V.
This document does not apply to the production, inspection, sale of dishwashers
designed specifically for commercial use.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document
through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the
latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 1019 General requirements for the package of household and similar electrical
appliances
GB/T 1354-2018 Milled rice
GB/T 2423.17 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2.
Test method - Test Ka. Salt mist
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1.Sampling
schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 2829 Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes
(apply to inspection of process stability)
GB/T 4214.3 Household and similar electrical appliances - Test code for
determination of airborne acoustical noise - Particular requirements for dishwashers
GB 4706.1 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 1.General
requirements
GB 4706.25 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Particular
requirements for dishwashers
GB 4789.2 National food safety standard - Microbiological examination of food.
Aerobic plate count
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Electrical dishwasher
An appliance driven by electrical energy that relies on chemical, mechanical,
thermal energy to wash, rinse, dry tableware.
3.2 Rated capacity
ps
According to the requirements of Appendix B of GB 38383-2019, the number of
standard tableware sets that a dishwasher can handle at one time, which shall be
specified by the appliance instructions or the manufacturer.
3.3 Standard washing program
Except for special requirements of the test, the main program used for the
performance test of this document, which shall be specified by the appliance
instructions or the manufacturer.
4 Classification and model naming
The classification and model naming of dishwashers are shown in Appendix A.
5 Requirements
5.1 Environmental conditions for use
Unless otherwise specified in the instructions for use of the appliance, the following
environmental conditions for use shall be met.
5.2 General requirements
Unless otherwise specified, the dishwasher shall be powered by a single-phase AC
power supply, which has a voltage of 220 V ~ 250 V and a frequency of 50 Hz ~ 60 Hz.
Before the cleaning performance test, the prototype shall be loaded with special
consumables such as rinsing agent and salt in accordance with the instructions for use
of the appliance or the method specified by the manufacturer; it shall be fully loaded
with clean loads and tested for at least 3 complete standard washing programs.
5.3 Safety
The safety of the dishwasher shall comply with the requirements of GB 4706.1 and GB 4706.25.
5.4 Cleaning performance
The dishwasher shall be tested with a standard washing program; the cleaning index PC
shall not be less than 1.12.
5.5 Drying performance
The dishwasher shall be tested with a standard washing program; the drying index PD
shall not be less than 0.86.
5.6 Energy efficiency index
The dishwasher shall be tested with a standard washing program; the energy efficiency
index EEI shall not be greater than 71.
5.7 Water efficiency index
The dishwasher is tested with a standard washing program; the water efficiency index
WEI shall not be greater than 68.
5.12 Machine durability
The dishwasher shall be able to operate normally for no less than 1960 times, taking
one complete "standard washing program" as one time.
5.13 Rinsing performance
The rinsing rate of the dishwasher shall not be less than 92%.
5.14 Material dissolution
The dissolution limit of parts and materials in contact with food shall comply with the
requirements of the corresponding parts of GB 4806.
5.15 Clean & dry-keeping performance
For dishwashers with clean & dry-keeping function clearly stated in the instructions for
use of the appliance, the operation time of the clean & dry-keeping function shall not
be less than 72 hours; the clean & dry-keeping score shall not be less than 3 points.
The level of clean & dry-keeping performance of the dishwasher shall be evaluated
according to Table 2.
5.16 Allowable deviation of stated value
The deviation -- BETWEEN the measured values of the cleaning index, drying index,
energy efficiency index, water efficiency index of the dishwasher AND the values stated
on the appliance body or in the instructions for use of the appliance (or the specified
values of the grades indicated in Appendix B) -- shall not exceed the deviation shown
in Table 3.
5.17 General structure
5.17.1 Fasteners and other parts in the dishwasher shall comply with the relevant
national standards, industry standards or public enterprise standards; their wearing parts
shall be easy to replace.
5.17.2 The inner wall of the dishwasher tank and the surface of the parts in contact with
the washing shall be smooth; it shall not scratch or damage the tableware during normal use.
5.18 Materials
5.18.1 Metal parts
The surface of the metal parts of the dishwasher (except stainless steel) shall be treated
with anti-corrosion, such as electroplating, painting, enamel or other effective anti-
corrosion treatment.
5.18.2 Electroplated parts
5.18.3 Painted or plastic-coated parts
5.18.4 Plastic parts
The surface of plastic parts of dishwashers shall be flat, smooth, uniform in color,
resistant to aging; it shall not have defects such as cracks, bubbles, shrinkage holes, etc.
6 Test method
6.1 Test conditions
6.1.1 Test power supply
During the test, the power supply voltage shall be kept within (1 ± 1%) of the rated
voltage. Unless otherwise specified in the test, the test voltage is 220 (1 ± 1%) V.
During the test, the power supply frequency shall be kept within (1 ± 1%) of the rated
frequency. Unless otherwise specified in the test, the test frequency is 50 (1 ± 1%) Hz.
The waveform distortion of the power supply voltage in the standby/shutdown energy
consumption test shall not be greater than 2%; the ratio of peak value to effective value
shall be within 1.34 ~ 1.49.
6.1.2 Test water
During the entire test and pollutant preparation and treatment process, the hardness of
the test water shall be (2.5 ± 0.5) mmol/L. The water hardness shall be adjusted in
accordance with the requirements of GB/T 23119.
Water temperature. (15 ± 2) °C.
6.1.6 Test load and loading method
Except for special provisions, the test shall be conducted in accordance with the test
load and corresponding number of sets specified in Appendix B of GB 38383-2019.
The reference dishwasher is loaded in accordance with the relevant requirements of GB
38383-2019.The prototype is loaded in accordance with the instructions for use of the
appliance or the relevant requirements of the manufacturer.
6.2 Test instruments
The performance, range, uncertainty and other parameters of the test instruments shall
meet the following requirements.
6.3 General requirements
6.3.1 Each prototype shall be tested for at least 5 valid cleaning performance tests. The
test results of the cleaning performance and drying performance tests are the arithmetic
mean of all valid test results.
6.4 Cleaning performance
The preparation and contamination method of pollutants in the cleaning performance
test shall be carried out in accordance with Appendix A of GB 38383-2019; the loading
method of tableware in the oven shall be carried out in accordance with Appendix E of
GB 38383-2019;
6.5 Drying performance
The drying performance test is carried out at the same time as the cleaning performance
test; the evaluation and calculation of the test results are carried out in accordance with
7.4 of GB/T 20290-2016.
6.6 Cyclic power consumption and cyclic water consumption
The cyclic power consumption and cyclic water consumption tests shall be carried out
at the same time as the 6.4 cleaning performance test; the cyclic water consumption and
cyclic power consumption shall be recorded during the cleaning performance test.
The amount of water and electricity generated by the regeneration process of the soft
water system.
6.7 Standby power
The test is carried out according to the following method.
6.15 Material dissolution
For parts and materials in contact with food, the dissolution limit is tested in accordance
with the relevant methods of the corresponding parts of GB 4806.
6.18 General structure and materials
6.18.1 Structural and material inspection
Visually inspect the structure and materials of the dishwasher and conduct relevant tests if necessary.
6.18.2 Corrosion resistance test of chassis coating layer
As shown in Figure 1, cut a chassis sample which has a length of 200 mm and a width
of 50 mm. In the middle of one side of the outer surface, use a new razor blade to cut
two parallel cuts which have a length of 150 mm, a spacing of 17 mm, and a depth to
the substrate. Then place it in a salt spray test chamber and spray it with a sodium
chloride (NaCl) solution at a mass fraction of (5 ± 1)% in an environment of (35 ± 2) °C
for 24 hours. After taking it out, wash it thoroughly with water to clean the surface
attachments; then measure the rust width at the cut.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Basic requirements
Dishwashers shall be tested according to this document and can only be put into mass
production after passing the formal inspection.
7.2 Inspection instructions
Each dishwasher shall be inspected and qualified by the technical inspection department
of the manufacturer before leaving the factory. It shall be accompanied by a quality
inspection certificate, appliance instructions, and warranty.
7.3 Inspection classification
The inspection of dishwashers is divided into exit-factory inspection and type
inspection.
7.4 Exit-factory inspection
7.4.1 Mandatory inspection items for product exit-factory inspection
The mandatory inspection items for product exit-factory inspection are as shown in item
1 and 3 of Table 4.
7.4.2 Random inspection items for product exit-factory inspection
7.5 Type inspection
7.5.1 Dishwashers shall be inspected at least once a year during normal production.
Type inspection shall also be conducted in any of the following situations.
7.5.2 Type inspection shall include all inspection items specified in this document and
GB 4706.25.
7.5.3 The sampling plan used for type inspection shall be in accordance with the
discrimination level I, sampling scheme, sample size of GB/T 2829.The rejection
quality level shall meet the requirements of Table 5.Safety requirements are all fatal
defects. If one item is unqualified, the batch of products is unqualified.
7.5.4 The cycle of type inspection shall be determined by the manufacturer and shall
comply with the provisions of 7.5.The samples for type inspection shall be randomly
selected from the products that have passed the exit-factory inspection.
7.5.5 If the type inspection is qualified, the batches of the representative group of
products produced in this cycle that have passed the acceptance inspection can be put
into storage or exit-factory as qualified products. If they are put into storage for more
than two years before being shipped, they shall be subject to type inspection again.
7.5.6 Before the end of this type inspection, the supplier's quality inspection department
or the buyer may refer to the last type inspection results to accept the product; however,
the current type inspection results shall prevail.
8 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
8.1 Marking
8.1.1 The markings on the dishwasher and packaging shall comply with the
requirements of the corresponding clauses of GB/T 5296.2.
8.1.2 The values that can be achieved by the dishwasher cleaning index, drying index,
energy efficiency index, water efficiency index and other indicators shall be marked on
the nameplate or the appliance instructions;
8.1.3 The following information shall be marked on the product.
8.2 Packaging
The packaging of the dishwasher shall be designed in accordance with the moisture-
proof packaging and shock-proof packaging required by GB/T 1019.The packaging
materials and packaging marks shall comply with the relevant requirements of GB/T 1019.
8.3 Transportation and storage
8.3.1 During transportation, the dishwasher shall be protected from severe collisions,
falls, rain, snow, chemical corrosion.
8.3.2 The dishwasher shall be stored in a clean and well-ventilated environment at an
ambient temperature of no more than 40 °C and a relative humidity of no more than 85%
without opening the packaging. There shall be no corrosive gases in the surrounding air.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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