GB/T 4288-2018 PDF in English
GB/T 4288-2018 (GB/T4288-2018, GBT 4288-2018, GBT4288-2018)
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GB/T 4288-2018: PDF in English (GBT 4288-2018) NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.060 Y 62
GB/T 4288-2018
Replacing GB/T 4288-2008
Household and similar electrical washing machine
Issued on. March 15, 2018 Implemented on. October 01, 2018
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and definitions ... 8
4 Product classification ... 14
5 Technical requirements ... 14
6 Test methods ... 21
7 Inspection rules ... 30
8 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage ... 34
Annex A (normative) Method for measuring washing machine’s washing
container effective capacity ... 36
Annex B (informative) Product classification and model designation ... 38
Annex C (normative) Test method for washing performance ... 40
Annex D (normative) Standard stained cloth ... 63
Annex E (normative) Test method for rinsing performance ... 69
Annex F (normative) Test method for abrasion performance ... 74
Annex G (normative) Methods for measuring washing machine’s off/standby
power ... 76
Annex H (normative) Calculation methods for washing machine’s annual
energy consumption ... 80
Annex I (normative) Test method for wool washing performance ... 82
Annex J (normative) Test method for vibration performance of washing
machines ... 89
Annex K (normative) Grading of main performance items ... 94
Bibliography ... 97
Foreword
This Standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in the GB/T 1.12009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 4288-2008 “Household and similar electrical washing machine”.
The major differences between this Standard and GB/T 4288-2008 are as follows.
In Clause 2 “Normative references”, SUPPLEMENT the relevant references;
In Clause 3 “Terms and definitions”, “electric washing machine” is classified and described, and incorporated into the relevant contents of “impeller washing machine”, “drum washing machine”, “agitator washing machine”, “double-drive washing machine”, “washing machine”, “semi-automatic washing machine” and “automatic washing machine”, ADD the definitions of “mini washing machine” and “multi-drum/barrel washing machine”; for test items such as “method for measuring washing container effective capacity of washing machines” “test method for rinse performance” “test method for abrasion performance” “method for measuring off/standby power of washing machines” and “method for calculating annual energy consumption of washing machines”, ADD the contents of “washing container capacity” “test load mass” “test detergent mass” “rate of rinse” “rate of abrasion” “off mode” “standby mode” and “annual energy consumption”; ADD the definition of “standard washing textile”, IMPROVE the definitions of “rated capacity” and “rated consumption of water”;
- INCLUDE the specific contents of the original Clause 4 “Product classification” IN “Annex B (normative) Product classification and model designation”;
In Clause 5 “Technical requirements”, the original “5.1 Environmental conditions for use” is modified to “5.1 General requirements” and reformulated, ADD the contents of “5.12 Off/Standby power”; due to changes in test methods, MODIFY the contents of “5.6 Rinsing performance”, “5.7 Abrasion performance” and “5.15 Vibration performance”, and IMPROVE the contents of “5.18 Allowable deviation of ostensive values”; ADD the relevant requirements for “rate of rinse”, “rate of abrasion” and “spinning performance”. The original “5.11 General structure” and “5.12 Materials” are changed to “5.19 Overall structure and routine inspection” and “5.20 Materials” respectively and reformulated;
In Clause 6 “Test methods”, the use conditions of different “test water
Household and similar electrical washing machine
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, product classification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of household and similar electrical washing machines (hereinafter referred to as “washing machines”).
This Standard applies to the washing machines (including extractors) of which the single-phase rated voltage is not more than 250 V, used by nonprofessionals in the households, stores, schools, etc.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document. For undated references, only the latest versions (including any amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 411 Printed and dyed cotton fabric
GB/T 1019 General requirements for the package of household and similar electrical appliances
GB/T 2423.17 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products -Part 2. Test method - Test Ka. Salt mist
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes -Part 1. Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 2829 Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes (Apply to inspection of process stability)
GB/T 4214.4 Household and similar electrical appliances -Test code for determination of airborne acoustical noise -Particular requirements for washing machines and spin extractors
GB 4706.1 Household and similar electrical appliances -Safety -Part 1. General requirements
GB 4706.24 Household and similar electrical appliances -Safety -Particular
requirements for washing machines
GB 4706.26 Household and similar electrical appliances -Safety -Particular
requirements for spin extractors
GB/T 5296.2 Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 2.
Household and similar electrical appliances
GB/T 6682-2008 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test
methods
GB/T 22939.5 Package of household and similar electrical appliances
Particular requirements for electric washing machine and dryer
GB/T 23119-2017 Household and similar electrical appliances - Performance
-Hard water for testing
QB/T 4830-2015 Household mini electrical washing machine
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions shall apply.
electric washing machine
Power-driven appliance relying on mechanical action for clothes washing. NOTE 1. According to the washing methods, electric washing machines are classified into.
-impeller washing machine. washing machine that washes the laundry by fully or partially immersing the laundry in washing water, and by means of continuous rotation or timed clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the impeller.
- drum washing machine. washing machine that washes the laundry by placing the laundry is in the drum, partially immersing in water, and by means of continuous rotation of the drum or timed clockwise and counterclockwise rotation.
-agitator washing machine. washing machine that washes the laundry by fully or partially immersing the laundry in washing water, and by means of reciprocating motion of the agitating blade.
- double-drive washing machine. washing machine that washes the laundry by fully or partially immersing the laundry in the washing water, and making the impeller or the agitating blade and the inner container in the same system operate at a set constant speed
3.3.1 washing container effective capacity
Washing container capacity measured according to the method in Annex A.
3.3.2 washing container rated capacity
Washing container capacity declared by the manufacturer.
3.4 standard washing textile
Loaded textile for carrying out the relevant tests of this Standard.
NOTE. There are two kinds of materials, which are cotton and polyester. The cotton standard washing textiles are bed sheets, shirts, napkins and handkerchiefs; the polyester standard washing textiles are square towels.
3.5 rated capacity
The maximum mass of the dry standard washing textile that can be processed by the washing machine/extractor at one time specified by the manufacturer.
3.5.1 rated washing capacity
The maximum mass of the dry standard washing textile that can be washed at one time specified by the manufacturer.
3.5.2 rated spinning capacity
The maximum mass of the dry standard washing textile that can be spun at one time specified by the manufacturer.
NOTE. It is unnecessary to indicate the rated spinning capacity in the case of no spinning function.
3.6 rated consumption of water 3.10 washing water level
Position of still water, when injecting appropriate amount of water into the washing container, for washing certain mass of standard washing textile, in the state that the washing container is unloaded.
3.10.1 highest water level
Corresponding water level, specified by the manufacturer, when washing rated capacity of cotton standard washing textile.
3.10.2 lowest water level
Corresponding water level, specified by the manufacturer, when washing the minimum mass of cotton standard washing textile.
3.11 rated working state
Washing, rinsing and extracting states, when the washing machine is operating in the standard washing program, under the conditions of rated voltage, rated frequency, and rated load (rated detergent mass shall be added during washing).
3.12 standard washing program
Commonly-used program specified in the product instructions, including complete functions (such as washing, rinsing and spinning).
3.13 rate of washing ability
Ratio OF the washing rate of the test washing machine TO the washing rate of the reference washing machine.
3.14 evenness of washing
The whole-machine structure and routine inspection items shall meet the following requirements.
a) Internal parts. The fasteners and other parts in the washing machine shall meet the requirements of relevant standards. The wearing parts shall be easy to replace.
b) Washing/spinning container’s inner wall inspection. The inner walls of the washing machines’ washing/spinning containers, and the component surfaces in contact with the washings shall be smooth. In normal use, they shall not clamp or damage the washings.
c) Trial operation. After water injection, there shall be no water leakage in the washing machine during operation.
NOTE. In addition to using the method of water injection to inspect leakage, it may also use methods that achieve the same effect (e.g., gas injection) to inspect leakage.
d) Washing inspection. INJECT water into the washing machine according to the maximum amount of water. ADD standard washing textile according to the rated washing capacity. COVER the machine cover. During the operation, the water shall not spill out of the machine. The washing machine shall not leak water, and shall be able to conduct normal washing.
e) Water level inspection. The washing machine shall be equipped with water level controlling device, or shall be marked with the durable signs of highest and lowest water level at the obvious positions on the inner wall of the washing container.
f) Hot water operation. The washing machine uses hot water at 55 °C. After operating according to the longest washing program, the washing machine shall be able to work normally to the end of the program.
5.20 Materials
a) Steel parts. The surface shall be treated against corrosion, e.g. use instance, electroplating, painting, enamel, or other effective anti-corrosion treatments.
b) Electroplated parts. The surface shall be smooth and fine along with uniform color. There shall be no detachment, grinning, pinholes, bubbles, apparent piebald, scratches, or other defects. The plating shall have no rust spots.
c) Stainless steel parts. The test shall be conducted according to the requirements specified in 6.20. There shall be no rust spots after the test.
f) Liquid flow meter. in liters (L); the resolution is ≤ 0.01 L; the uncertainty is ≤ 0.1 L;
g) Water pressure gauge. in Pascals (Pa); the resolution is ≤ 0.02 MPa;
h) Ruler. in millimeters (mm); the resolution is ≤ 1 mm;
i) Whiteness meter (or photoelectric reflectometer). represented by percentage (%); the resolution is ≤ 0.01 %; it shall be consistent with whiteness meter indicators;
j) Potentiometric titrator. in milliliters (mL); the minimum titer is ≤ 0.01 mL/times; the titration repeatability is ≤ 0.3 %; the pH electrode resolution is ≤ 0.01;
k) Vibration tester. It shall be able to simultaneously measure acceleration peaks, speed peaks, displacement peaks, and spinning speed values at 7 points under steady speed. Among them, the acceleration peak resolution is ≤ 0.1 m/s2; the speed peak resolution is ≤ 0.1 cm/s; the displacement peak resolution is ≤ 0.01 mm; the vibration tester's resolvable frequency range is 2 Hz ~ 200 Hz.
For electrical measuring instruments used for the type test, except the specified instruments, the accuracy shall not be lower than Level 0.5, and the factory-exit test shall not be lower than Level 1.0.
6.3 Preparation and requirements of sample washing machine before formal test
The following preparations shall be completed before the formal test.
a) Before the test, the test washing machine shall operate two complete standard washing programs. There is no test load in the first operation, USE 50 g of solid standard detergent. There is no test load and detergent in the second operation. After the operation, it shall be placed under the test environment conditions for at least 2 h before the test.
b) The test washing machine and the reference washing machine shall be tested using the same batch of standard test specimens under the same test conditions.
c) Unless otherwise specified, all the test items shall be tested under the same program.
d) For a separate dehydrator, the cotton standard washing textile shall be used after soaking for 1 h in the test water that meets the relevant requirements of 6.1.
key. is counted as once; is counted as once.
Figure 1 -- Bending performance test for water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe
6.18 Failure-free operation test
6.18.1 Operation instructions
In the failure-free operation test, in the event of failure affecting the continuous normal use of the washing machine, it is deemed as the end of the test. During the test, it is allowable to replace the belt twice.
6.18.2 Test method
The failure-free operation of the washing machine shall meet the following requirements.
a) Use the same test load as the test requirements in Annex C. The test load mass is 80 % of the test requirements in Annex C. Proportioning is carried out according to the number of loads required in Table C.1. The test load is not attached with stained cloth.
b) The test program is “standard washing program”.
c) The washing machine shall continuously operate for not less than 8 h every day. For the washing machines of which the washing container cannot automatically inject and drain away water, change water every time when operating for 8 h.
d) 3 test washing machines are used in the test. TAKE the mean value of operation times/time of the first failure operation of the three test washing machines
6.18.3 Extractor test method
The failure-free operation of the extractor shall meet the following requirements.
a) USE intermittent operation. Every operation for 5 min (operate for 3 min, stop for 2 min) is a cycle. It is required to open the machine door for braking at the maximum rotating speed.
b) USE simulation load (such as rubber ball, polyester material load, etc.). The load mass is twice the rated spinning capacity. During spinning, the simulation load shall be able to be evenly distributed in the spinning container.
considered as the ostensive value of this batch of products. If the difference BETWEEN the measured value AND the ostensive value of a washing machine does not meet the requirements of 5.18 and I.5, it shall sample another 3 washing machines for inspection.
8 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
8.1 Marking
8.1.1 The marking and instructions for washing machines may be nameplates (tags), labels, packaging and product instructions.
8.1.2 The contents of marking and instructions shall comply with the relevant specifications of GB 4706.1, GB 4706.24, GB 4706.26 and GB 5296.2. The deviation of dimensions and mass (gross weight, net weight) marked on the packaging shall be ≤ ±8 %.
8.1.3 The following contents shall be marked on the products. a) Product model; b) Product trademark or manufacturer’s name; c) Rated input voltage or voltage range, in volts (V); d) Rated frequency, in hertz (Hz); e) Rated input power or input power range, in watts (W); f) Rated capacity, in kilograms (kg); g) Washing container rated capacity, in liters (L); h) Working water pressure, in pascals (Pa); i) For the washing machine that needs to wash via manual water injection,
there shall be a washing water level line on the washing container to mark the washing water level;
j) Function names of the detergent dispenser (delivery box)’s slots; NOTE. The relevant names may be “prewashing detergent”, “main washing detergent”, “softener”, “Disinfectant”, etc. or represented by symbols.
k) Grade marks of major performance items. The grade of major performance items of washing machine products shall be evaluated and marked according to Annex K.
Annex A
(normative)
Method for measuring washing
machine’s washing container effective capacity
The washing machine’s washing container effective capacity is measured as follows.
a) OPEN the door/cover; PUT a plastic bag with the thickness ≤ 0.05 mm in the washing container; RECORD the mass of the washing machine;
b) Manually INJECT water into the washing container; the water temperature is (15 ± 2) °C;
c) For impeller/agitator washing machines of which the cover is opened from the top along the vertical axis, INJECT water until it comes up to the highest edge (or water overflow opening) of the washing container. For automatic washing machines, the gimbals shall also be included;
d) For drum washing machines of which the door is opened from the side along the horizontal axis, INJECT water until it comes up to the highest edge of the inner drum;
e) For other types of washing machines, REFER to the methods specified in c) and d) for measurement;
f) MEASURE and RECORD the total mass of the washing machine after water injection. The transport fixing bolts of the washing container cannot be removed during the measurement;
g) During the measurement, the washing machine shall be properly placed according to its structure. The measurement results shall be the maximum washing container capacity occupied by the test load;
h) The washing container effective capacity is calculated according to the equation (B.1).
where,
C - the washing container effective capacity, in liters (L);
Annex B
(informative)
Product classification and model designation
B.1 Product classification
B.1.1 According to the degree of automation, the products are classified into. a) washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic alphabet P); b) semi-automatic washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic
alphabet B); c) automatic washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic alphabet Q).
B.1.2 According to the washing mode, the products are classified into. a) impeller washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic alphabet B); b) drum washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic alphabet G); c) agitator washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic alphabet J); d) dual power-driven washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic
alphabet S); e) washing machines in other washing modes (represented with the Chinese phonetic alphabet of the first character of the name of washing mode. If the alphabet is the same with B, G, J and S, represented with the Chinese phonetic alphabet of the second character, and so on.)
B.1.3 According to the structural type, the products are classified into. a) single-drum washing machine (no alphabet marks); b) double-drum washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic
alphabet S); c) miniature washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic alphabet W); d) multi-drum washing machine (represented by Chinese phonetic alphabet D).
Annex C
(normative)
Test method for washing performance
C.1 Carbon black standard stained cloth
The carbon black standard stained cloth shall meet the relevant requirements of D.1.
C.2 Protein standard stained cloth
The protein standard stained cloth shall meet the relevant requirements of D.2.
C.3 Sebum standard stained cloth
The sebum standard stained cloth shall meet the relevant requirements of D.3.
C.4 Standard washing textile
C.4.1 The standard washing textile in this annex refers only to the cotton standard washing textile. The cloth used for the standard washing textile is bleached plain cloth meeting the relevant requirements of GB/T 411, of which the warp is (21 ± 2) counts, and the weft is (21 ± 2) counts.
C.4.2 The amount of standard washing textile used in each test is proportioned according to the requirements in Table C.1. The specifications are shown in Table C.2 and Figures C.1, C.2, C.3, C.4.
The test load mass finally for the test shall be the total mass of standard washing textile and the standard stained cloth. The final mass shall be as close as possible (±10 g) to the required test load mass by increasing or decreasing the number of napkins (±1 piece) or handkerchiefs (±1 piece).
For washing machines with the test load mass ≤ 1.5 kg, the test is carried out according to the relevant requirements of QB/T 4830-2015.
Annex D
(normative)
Standard stained cloth
D.1 Carbon black standard stained cloth
D.1.1 Stained liquid formula
The requirements for the stained liquid formula of carbon black standard stained cloth are as follows.
a) Tallow hardened oil. melting point > 57 °C; iodine value < 3; saponification value is within the range of 190 ~ 198;
b) Liquid paraffin. chemically pure;
c) Carbon black. average size of particles is 2950 × 10-9 m; average surface area of particles is 94 m2/g; carbon content is 96 %;
d) Carbon tetrachloride (chemically pure) or deionized water.
D.1.2 Cloth materials
USE the bleached cloth that meets the relevant requirements of GB/T 411, of which the warp is (21 ± 2) counts and the weft is (21 ± 2) counts. After the desizing pretreatment, CUT into specimens in 240 mm × 250 mm. IRON carefully. DRY for 3 h at (105 ± 5) °C. KEEP them in a dry container for later use. At this time, the reflectivity of original cloth shall be 86 % to 92 %.
D.1.3 Preparation of stained liquid
WEIGH 1.2 g of tallow hardened oil and 3.7 g of liquid paraffin in a small beaker. HEAT until they melt. ADD 1.5 g of carbon black. USE a glass rod to stir evenly (no less than 10min). POUR into a flask.
WEIGH carbon tetrachloride (chemically pure) or deionized water. PUT 2/3 of them in the flask. USE the remaining 1/3 to clean the residues in the small beaker. POUR the cleaning fluid into the same flask. STIR for about 30 min to prepare the stained liquid.
D.1.4 Preparation of stained cloth
TILT an enamel tray on the working stand. POUR in the stained liquid prepared according to D.1.3. Respectively USE clamps to clip the two corners on one side of the dry cloth prepared according to D.1.2. HOLD the clamps with hands
Annex J
(normative)
Test method for vibration performance of washing machines
J.1 Terms and definitions
J.1.1 displacement
Position change of any point on the characteristic object (due to vibration or impact) relative to a certain reference system.
J.1.2 velocity
Displacement rate of change along with time.
J.1.3 acceleration
Velocity rate of change along with time.
J.1.4 peak value
The maximum value generated in the given measuring interval due to vibration or impact.
NOTE. If the peak value is the maximum deviation relative to its mean value. the positive peak value is the maximum positive deviation, and the negative peak value is the maximum negative deviation.
J.1.5 vibration value
Peak value of vibration per second during the operation of the washing machine, including acceleration peak value, velocity peak value and displacement peak value.
J.2 Test conditions
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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