JB/T 1460-2011 PDF English
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Rolling bearings. Bearing parts made from high-carbon chromium stainless steel. Specifications for heat-treatment
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Specifications for heat-treatment of rolling bearing parts made from high carbon chromium stainless steel
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Related standards: JB/T 1460-2011
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JB/T 1460-2011: PDF in English (JBT 1460-2011) JB/T 1460-2011
JB
MECHANICAL INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 21.100.20
J 11
Registration number. 33608-2011
Replacing JB/T 1460-2002
Rolling bearings - Bearing parts made from
high-carbon chromium stainless steel -
Specifications for heat-treatment
ISSUED ON. AUGUST 15, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON. NOVEMBER 01, 2011
Issued by. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Technical requirements ... 5
3.1 Technical requirements of bearing parts after tempering ... 5
3.2 Technical requirements after quenching and tempering of bearing parts ... 5
3.3 Others ... 7
4 Inspection methods and rules ... 7
Appendix A (Normative) Steel ball hardness correction ... 11
Appendix B (Normative) Roller cylindrical (cone) surface hardness correction
value ... 12
Appendix C (Normative) Pickling test procedures ... 13
C.1 Cold pickling inspection procedures... 13
C.2 Hot pickling inspection procedures ... 16
C.3 Corrosion resistance test procedures ... 16
Appendix D (Normative) Steel ball crushing load value ... 22
Appendix E (Informative) Quenched and tempered microstructure level diagram
descriptions ... 24
Table 1 -- Hardness values of bearing parts after high temperature
tempering ... 5
Table 2 -- Difference in hardness of the same part after quenching and
tempering of bearing parts ... 6
Table 3 -- Inspection methods ... 7
Foreword
This standard replaces JB/T 1460-2002 “Specifications for heat-treatment of
rolling bearing parts made from high carbon chromium stainless steel”.
As compared with JB/T 1460-2002, the main changes of this standard are as
follows.
- MODIFY the standard name (Cover and first page of the 2002 version and
this version);
- ADD the steel grade G65Cr14Mo (Clause 1 of this version);
- MODIFY the hardness values of the bearing parts after tempering (Clause
3.1.1 of this version; Table 1 of the 2002 version);
- MODIFY the partial quenched and tempered microstructure rating image
(Level II diagram of this version and the 2002 version);
- ADD the requirements for tempering stability of bearing parts (Clause 3.2.6
of this version);
- LIST the description of the microstructure level diagram in the Appendix
(Appendix E of this version, a) ~ f) in clause 3.2.2.3 of the 2002 version).
Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D of this standard are
normative appendixes. Appendix E is an informative appendix.
This standard was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Rolling Bearing
Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 98).
Drafting organizations of this standard. Luoyang Bearing Research Institute Co.,
Ltd., Zhejiang Meiyate Precision Machinery Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Dibang Sanxing
Bearing Co., Ltd., Pizhou Zhuli Bearing Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Ye Jianyi, Lei Jianzhong, Zhou Youhua, Gao
Yuan'an, Tan Yongjie, Gao Lijun, Geng Zhongdian, Liang Hua, Wang Zhiyong.
This Standard replaces the standard previously issued as follows.
- JB 1460-1974, JB 1460-1984, JB 1460-1992, JB/T 1460-2002.
Rolling bearings - Bearing parts made from
high-carbon chromium stainless steel -
Specifications for heat-treatment
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements, inspection methods and
rules for the annealed and quenched & annealed stainless steel rolling bearing
rings and rolling elements (hereinafter referred to as bearing parts) which are
made from G95Cr18 (original designation 9Cr18), G102Cr18Mo (original
designation 9Cr18Mo), G65Cr14Mo that comply with the provisions of GB/T
3086-2008.
This standard applies to the heat-treatment quality inspection of bearing parts
made of the above materials.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this standard
through reference in this standard. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 230.1-2009 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1. Test
method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T)
GB/T 231.1-2009 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1. Test
method
GB/T 3086-2008 High carbon chromium stainless bearing steels
GB/T 4340.1-2009 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1. Test
method
JB/T 1255-2001 Specification for heat-treatment of rolling bearing parts
made from high carbon chromium steel
JB/T 7361-2007 Rolling bearings - Test method for hardness of parts
shall not exceed 1 HRC.
3.2.7 Steel ball crushing load
The value of crushing load after quenching and tempering of steel balls with a
nominal diameter (Dw) of 3 mm ~ 50.8 mm shall not be less than the provisions
of Appendix D. Steel balls with Dw < 3 mm and Dw > 50.8 mm may not be subject
to crushing load test.
3.2.8 Corrosion resistance
After the bearing parts are subjected to corrosion resistance test, there shall be
no rust and pitting on the working surface, it is allowed for the presence of slight
erasable slight corrosion and pitting corrosion at the part character location,
chamfers and sharp corners.
3.2.9 Steel mixtures
Bearing parts are not allowed to have mixed materials.
3.3 Others
When users have other special requirements, they can negotiate with the
manufacturer.
4 Inspection methods and rules
In accordance with the model, specification and quantity of each batch of
bearing parts, a certain proportion of bearing parts shall be taken for inspection.
The inspection method shall be in accordance with Table 3. If the manufacturer
can guarantee that the bearing parts fracture and corrosion resistance are
qualified, it can be exempted from the inspection.
Table 3 -- Inspection methods
Inspection item Inspection methods
Hardness
Hardness test can be performed in accordance with the hardness and size of the tested
parts using the Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers or Leeb hardness tester, the test methods
shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 231.1-2009, GB/T 230.1-2009, GB/T
4340.1 -2009 and JB/T 7361-2007
For the steel balls with a nominal diameter Dw ≥ 4.762 mm (3/16 in), the hardness is
measured on the spherical surface. For a roller with an effective diameter ≥ 5 mm, the
hardness is measured on a cylindrical or conical surface; for the steel ball with a
nominal diameter Dw < 4.762 mm (3/16 in) and the roller with an effective diameter < 5
mm, the Vickers hardness is measured on the grinding plane. Vickers hardness and
Rockwell hardness are converted in accordance with GB/T 1172-1999; Spherical roller
hardness is measured at the end surface.
Appendix C
(Normative)
Pickling test procedures
C.1 Cold pickling inspection procedures
This procedure is applicable to the inspection of surface decarburization and
soft spots of high carbon chromium stainless steel bearing parts (G95Cr18,
G102Cr18Mo, G65Cr14Mo) after heat treatment as well as the grinding burn,
grinding crack or other defects that are produced in the grinding process.
C.1.1 Pickling process
C.1.1.1 Degreasing tank
Ingredients. Anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) ...3 kg;
Trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4 • 12H2O) ...3 kg;
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ...1 kg;
Water glass (Na2SiO3) ... 0.3 kg;
Water (H2O) ...100 kg.
Temperature. 75 °C ~ 85 °C.
Time. 2 min or more (until the degreasing is completed finished).
Control Index. Total alkali content (Na2CO3) ... 4% ~ 8%.
C.1.1.2 Cleaning tank
Ingredients. Water (H2O).
Temperature. 75 °C ~ 85 °C.
Time. 1 min.
C.1.1.3 Flowing cold water tank
Time. 1 min.
C.1.1.4 Pickling tank
Note 1. The bearing parts shall be shaken up and down in each bath solution
during pickling.
Note 2. When flushing in a flowing cold water tank, the bearing parts shall
ensure that the solution is flushed from tank.
Note 3. The acid etching amount of this pickling process is 2 μm~4 μm, and the
amount of pickling shall be considered in the grinding process.
Note 4. The solution components of the degreasing, neutralization, and rust
prevention tanks can also be determined by the manufacturer itself.
Note 5. In accordance with the number of pickled parts and the effect of pickling,
it shall regularly replace the pickling, brightening solution or supplement its
active ingredients.
C.2 Hot pickling inspection procedures
This procedure is applicable to the inspection of cracks of bearing parts after
quenching and tempering high-carbon chromium stainless steel (G95Cr18,
Gl02Cr18Mo).
C.2.1 Preparation before hot pickling
The bearing parts must be tempered above 350 °C prior to pickling and the
surfaces shall be cleaned by sandblasting or degreasing.
C.2.2 Hot pickling process
Pickling solution composition. 1.1 aqueous hydrochloric acid.
Temperature. 60 °C ± 5 °C.
Pickling time. 10 min ~ 30 min.
C.3 Corrosion resistance test procedures
This procedure applies to the corrosion resistance inspection of high carbon
chromium stainless steel (G95Cr18, G102Cr18Mo) bearing parts. The
corrosion resistance to dilute nitric acid of G65Cr14Mo steel is somewhat poor,
its corrosion resistance inspection to dilute nitric acid can refer to this procedure.
C.3.1 Artificial seawater corrosion resistance test
After the bearing parts are degreased and washed, they are immersed in
artificial seawater and boiled for 30 minutes, after stop heating, maintain for 48
h. After removal, use tap water to flush it clean and perform surface visual
Temperature. 75 °C ~ 85 °C.
Time. 1 min.
C.4.1.3 Flowing cold water tank
Time. 1 min.
C.4.1.4 Pickling tanks
Composition. Nitric acid [HNO3. d (relative density) = 1.40] ... 5 kg;
Water (H2O) ...100 kg.
Temperature. Room temperature.
Time. 15 s ~ 30 s.
Control index. Nitric acid [HNO3. d (relative density) = 1.40] ... 3% ~ 5%.
C.4.1.5 Flowing cold water tank
Time. 1 min.
C.4.1.6 Neutralization tank
Ingredients. Anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) ... 8 kg;
Water (H2O) ...100 kg.
Temperature. Room temperature.
Time. 1 min.
Control index. Total alkali content (Na2CO3) ... 3% ~ 5%.
C.4.1.7 Flowing cold water tank
Time. 1 min.
C.4.1.8 Antirust tank
Ingredients. Anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) ... 0.5 kg;
Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) ... 10 kg;
Water (H2O) ...100 kg.
Temperature. Room temperature.
Time. 1 min.
Appendix E
(Informative)
Quenched and tempered microstructure level diagram descriptions
The quenched and tempered microstructure level diagram (see the level II
diagram) is described as follows.
a) First level. Martensite + a large number of residual secondary carbides
and primary carbides + a small amount of residual austenite
This structure is formed at the lower limit of the quenching temperature
or when the holding time is short. The carbides do not dissolve well and
the solid solution concentration is low, so the hardness is often lower than
the standard.
b) Second level. Martensite + a large amount of residual secondary carbides
and primary carbides + a small amount of residual austenite
This structure is formed at the lower limit of the quenching temperature
or the temperature holding time is slightly shorter, the hardness is
generally in the middle and lower limits of the qualified range of the
standard.
c) Third level. Martensite + appropriate residual secondary carbides and
primary carbides + a small amount of residual austenite
The structure is formed at a suitable quenching temperature and
temperature holding time.
d) Fourth level. Martensite + slightly residual secondary carbides and primary
carbides + a small amount of residual austenite
This structure is formed when the quenching temperature is slightly
higher or the temperature holding time is slightly longer.
e) Fifth level. Martensite + a small amount of residual secondary carbides
and primary carbides + a small amount of residual austenite
This structure is formed when the quenching temperature is higher or the
temperature holding time is longer, and it is the upper limit structure of the
qualified quenching structure.
f) Sixth level. Martensite + residual secondary carbides and primary carbides
+ partially residual austenite + twin crystal carbide structure
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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