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HJ 915-2017 HJ NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Technical specifications for automatic monitoring of surface water (Trial) ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 28, 2017 IMPLEMENTED ON. APRIL 01, 2018 Issued by. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the PRC Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  1 Scope of application ... 4  2 Normative references ... 4  3 Terms and definitions ... 5  4 Construction of automatic water quality monitoring system ... 5  5 Acceptance of automatic water quality monitoring system ... 8  6 Operational maintenance of automatic water quality monitoring system ... 10  7 Quality assurance and quality control ... 15  8 Frequency of data acquisition and effectiveness judgment ... 19  9 Establishment of safeguard system ... 20  Appendix A (Normative) Selection of automatic water quality monitoring item and requirements for instrument performance ... 21  Appendix B (Informative) Technical requirements for construction of automatic water quality monitoring system ... 24  Appendix C (Informative) Technical requirements for acceptance of automatic water quality monitoring system ... 36  Foreword This standard is formulated for the purpose of implementing the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, protecting the environment, safeguarding human health, strengthening environmental management, standardizing the automatic water quality monitoring system. This standard specifies the technical requirements for the construction, acceptance, operation and management of the automatic water quality monitoring system. Appendix A of this standard is a normative appendix; Appendix B and Appendix C are informative appendixes. This standard is the first release. This standard was formulated under the organization of the Environmental Monitoring Department and the Science & Technology Standards Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. Drafting organizations of this standard. China Environmental Monitoring Center, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Liaoning Provincial Environmental Monitoring Experimental Center, Henan Environmental Monitoring Center, Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Center Station. This standard was approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection on December 28, 2017. This standard shall be implemented from April 1, 2018. For this standard, the Ministry of Environmental Protection is responsible for its interpretation. Technical specifications for automatic monitoring of surface water (Trial) 1 Scope of application This standard specifies the technical requirements for the construction, acceptance, operation and management of the automatic water quality monitoring system (except seawater). This standard applies to the automatic water quality monitoring system which is constructed by the environmental protection department. 2 Normative references The contents of this standard refer to the terms in the following documents. For undated references, the valid version applies to this standard. GB 3838 Environmental quality standards for surface water HJ/T 96 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of PH HJ/T 97 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of electroconductivity HJ/T 98 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of turbidity HJ/T 99 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of dissolved oxygen HJ/T 100 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of permanganate index HJ/T 101 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of ammonia HJ/T 102 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of total nitrogen HJ/T 103 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of total phosphorous HJ/T 104 The technical requirement for water quality automatic analyzer of total organic carbon 3 Terms and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 Automatic water quality monitoring The entire process of automatic collection, processing, analysis and data transmission of surface water samples. 3.2 Automatic water quality monitoring station Refers to the on-site part of the automatic water quality monitoring, generally consisting of all or some of units such as station or house, water collection and distribution, control, detection, data transmission, etc., abbreviated as water station. 3.3 Automatic water quality monitoring center A system for remote monitoring, data transmission statistics and application of water stations, abbreviated as data platform. 3.4 Automatic water quality monitoring system An automatic monitoring system consisting of a water station and a data platform. 3.5 Conventional five parameters Five conventional items in the monitoring of surface water quality. water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and turbidity. 4 Construction of automatic water quality monitoring system 4.1 General requirements The construction of automatic water quality monitoring system mainly includes. the construction of selection of site, construction of station building, water station units and data platform. Among them, the instrument’s performance indicators shall meet the requirements of Appendix A.2, the construction of system refers to the requirements of Appendix B. 4.2 Selection of site The principles for site selection include feasibility of station construction, representation of water quality, long-term monitoring, system safety and operational economy. In order to ensure the long-term stable operation of the automatic water quality monitoring system, the selected site shall have good traffic, electricity, clean water, communication, distance of water collection point, water collection head, feasibility of water collection in dry season, operation and maintenance safety, and other basic conditions for the construction of station building. The monitoring results of the selected sites can represent the water quality status and changing trends of the monitored water bodies. The river monitoring section is generally selected in a straight river section where the water quality is uniformly distributed and the flow rate is relatively stable, more than 1 km away from the upstream estuary or sewage outlet. In principle, it is consistent with or similar to the original conventional monitoring section, to ensure continuity of the monitoring data. The lake reservoir section shall have a good hydraulic exchange, the location can fully reflect the true state of the water quality of the lake reservoir in the monitored area, avoid setting it in the backwater zone, the stagnant water zone, or the place where sedimentation and watergrass growth are likely to occur. 4.3 Construction of station building For the construction of the station building, according to the actual situation of the site environment, construction period, installation conditions of monitoring instrument & equipment, and so on of the station site, it adopts the fixed station, simple station, small station, water fixed platform station, water buoy (ship) station, etc., for system construction. The design and construction of the station building is combined with the surrounding environment conditions such as geological structure, water level and climate. At the same time, it shall take measures such as lightning protection, earthquake resistance, flood control, low-temperature resistance, rodent prevention, fire prevention, anti-theft, anti- power failure, video surveillance, and so on. The station building is designed with the facilities for waste liquid treatment and domestic sewage collection. The construction of the fixed station building includes the main building for carrying the system equipment and the external supporting conditions. The main building consists of the instrument room, the quality control room, the living room of the duty guard. External supporting conditions refer to the introduction of clean water, electricity, communications, building access roads, flattening, greening, solidifying the land covered. The simple station building and the small station building are suitable for the construction of water stations which have limited floor space, complicated geographical conditions, short project construction period, the need to relocate or adjust the monitoring section. The design dimensions of the station building shall meet the installation requirements of the instrument and system integrated device. The material of the station building should be made of light materials, which have functions such as constant temperature, heat insulation, rain proof and alarm, etc. The water fixed platform station and the water buoy (ship) station are a monitoring system that integrates monitoring instruments on the platform and is equipped with power supply equipment such as solar energy and wind energy, has functions such as warning against collision and alarming, etc. 4.4 Construction of each unit of water station 4.4.1 Water collection & distribution unit The water distribution & distribution unit is the key part to ensure the normal operation of the whole system and to obtain the correct data. It must ensure that the water samples provided are reliable and effective, including the water collection unit, the pretreatment unit and the water distribution unit. The water collection unit includes the water collection method, the water collection pump, the laying of water collection pipeline. The pretreatment unit provides pretreatment device for different monitoring items, to meet the requirements of the analytical instrument for the settling time and filtration accuracy of the water sample. The water distribution unit supplies water directly to the automatic monitoring instrument, the water quality, water pressure and water quantity provided by the water distribution unit must meet the requirements of the automatic monitoring instrument. 4.4.2 Control unit The control unit is the command center that controls the coordination of the various units within the system. 4.4.3 Detection unit The detection unit is the core part of the automatic water quality monitoring system. It consists of automatic monitoring instruments that meet the requirements of each detection item. The principles for selecting the instrument is that the instrument’s measurement accuracy meets the requirements of water quality analysis and meets the requirements of the analytical methods specified by the state. The selected instrument has reasonable configuration and stable performance; the operation and maintenance cost are reasonable, the maintenance work amount is small, the secondary pollution is small. 4.4.4 Data acquisition and transmission unit Data acquisition and transmission are required to be automatically executed in accordance with the analytical cycle, and to enable remote control, automatic encryption and backup. The acquisition device adopts a unified communication protocol according to national standards, to realizes transmission of data and main state parameters in a wired or wireless manner. 4.5 Construction of data platform The data platform is an operating system that integrates data and state collection, processing and generation of various types of statements. It has the collection of field data and main state parameters, conditional back control of field systems and instruments, data analysis and management, generation and reporting of statements, alarming, and other business functions. The data platform software adopts a safe and stable data transmission mode, has functions such as regular automatic backup, automatic classification alarming, remote monitoring, and so on, and has expandability. 5 Acceptance of automatic water quality monitoring system 5.1 General requirements The acceptance of automatic water quality monitoring system includes the acceptance of the construction of station building and external supporting facilities, the acceptance of instrument and equipment, the acceptance of data transmission and data platform. See Appendix C for details of the acceptance and corresponding forms. 5.2 Acceptance procedures a) Carry out instrument performance test and laboratory comparison, entrust qualified organizations to verify the infrastructure such as station power supply and lightning protection, conduct trial operation according to the specified time; b) Prepare an acceptance report, submit an application for acceptance; c) Check the completion of the site, organize an acceptance meeting, form an acceptance opinion; d) Organize the acceptance data and archive it. 5.3 Basic conditions for acceptance The acceptance of automatic water quality monitoring system shall meet the following conditions. a) The power supply, communication, water supply, traffic, lightning protection, fire prevention, anti-theft and other infrastructure of the station building meet the requirements; b) The monitoring instrument, equipment and accessories are supplied in accordance with the contract, the appearance is not damaged; c) Complete the instrument’s performance test, comparison test, the technical indicators meet the relevant national technical specifications and contract requirements; d) Complete the communication test of the automatic water quality monitoring system, upload the water station’s data to the data platform; e) Complete the operation of automatic water quality monitoring system for at least 30 consecutive days; f) Establish a file for the automatic water quality monitoring system, prepare an acceptance report. 5.4 Acceptance content 5.4.1 Acceptance of station building and external supporting facilities The completion acceptance of the station building and external supporting facilities shall comply with the requirements of national standards, current quality inspection and evaluation standards, construction acceptance specifications, design documents approved and relevant laws, regulations, rules and regulatory documents. Check the entity quality of the project, check the completion data as provided by the parties involved in the construction, conduct random inspections and tests on the use functions of the construction project. If problems are found during the acceptance process and the completion acceptance criteria are not met, it shall instruct the construction party to immediately rectify it, meanwhile re-determine the time to organize the completion acceptance. The technical requirements for the construction of the station building are as shown in Appendix B and the contract. 5.4.2 Acceptance of instruments and equipment 5.4.2.1 Arrival acceptance According to the contract, make an inventory of each automatic monitoring equipment, system integration equipment, data platform hardware system, data acquisition control system, etc.; check the exit-factory number and quantity of specific equipment and spare parts according to the packing list; check the appearance of equipment and spare parts. Take pictures of the parts with appearance damage and deal with them according to the contract. 5.4.2.2 Acceptance of instrument and equipment performance The acceptance of instrument and equipment performance is mainly for testing the performance indicators of the instrument and equipment as specified in this standard. Each equipment shall be accepted in an environment that meets the requirements. The inspection indicators and judgment criteria meet the relevant indicators in Table A.2 of Appendix A, the requirements of relevant standards and contracts. The main contents of the acceptance include, but are not limited to, the following items. instrument installation, power-on, preheating test, instrument initialization test, checking of instrument’s basic function, detection limit, accuracy, precision, checking of standard curve, zero drift, span drift, checking of response time, checking of repeatability or repeatability error, comparison of actual water sample. Record the results and make summary. 5.4.3 Acceptance of data transmission and data platform Under the premise that the automatic monitoring instrument’s performance is accepted, check whether such indicators as the data transmission of the automatic monitoring system, the data platform function, the software performance and so on meet the requirements of national standards and related technical indicators of the contract. 6 Operational maintenance of automatic water quality monitoring system 6.1 General requirements The operational maintenance of the automatic water quality monitoring system includes routine maintenance of water station at regular interval, maintenance and repair, troubleshooting, downtime maintenance, daily management and recording of the data platform, etc. 6.2 Technical requirements for operational maintenance of water station 6.2.1 Routine maintenance Routine maintenance includes station building’s surrounding inspection, inspection of instrument and system, replacement of consumables, replacement of reagent, pipeline cleaning, and so on. The operational maintenance organization shall conduct regular patrol inspections of the water station, the frequency of patrol inspection shall not be less than once a week, the conditions of patrol inspection shall be recorded. The following work is performed each time performing patrol inspection of the water station. a) Check the operating status and main technical parameters of each analytical instrument and auxiliary equipment, to determine whether the operation is normal; check whether the power supply, process temperature, stirring motor, sensor, electrode and working sequence are normal; check whether there is liquid leakage, whether there is air bubble in the pipeline; regularly clean the conventional five parameters, chlorophyll and blue-green algae electrodes; b) According to the operation of the instrument, the water quality of the section and the environmental conditions of the water station, determine the replacement cycle of consumables (such as pump tubes, joints, seals, etc.), ensure finishing replacement before the expiration of the consumables; if it is necessary to replace the spare parts (such as electrodes), it shall have inventory to ensure timely replacement; c) Check the reagent status, add and replace reagents regularly. The pure water and reagents used must meet the relevant technical requirements. The replacement period shall not exceed the shelf life of the reagents as specified in the operating procedures or instrument specifications. It shall shorten the replacement period when the indoor temperature is high. Each time the primary reagent is replaced, it shall recalibrate the instrument according to the appropriate operating procedures or instrument instructions. Reagent shall be prepared by a qualified laboratory, providing proof of reagent source and labeling; d) Timely organize the station building and instrument, complete the collection of waste liquid, do well in the processing and disposal according to the relevant requirements, keep the file for future reference; keep the water station building and all instruments clean and tidy, close the doors and windows in time, to avoid all kinds of analytical instruments from exposure to direct sunlight; e) Check whether the water collection system and the water distribution system are normal, such as the fixed condition of the water collection buoy, the operation of the self-priming pump, etc.; regularly clean the water collection & distribution system, including the water collecting head, the bucket, the pump body, the grit chamber, the filter head, the water sample cup, the valves, the related pipelines, etc., it shall timely replace those which cannot be cleaned; f) Check whether the power circuit system of the water station is normal, whether the grounding circuit is reliable; check whether the sampling and draining pipelines are leaking or blocked, whether the drainage and exhausting device work normally; g) Check the air conditioning and thermal insulation measures of the station building, to keep the temperature stable; check the fixing conditions of the pump and the air compressor, to avoid vibration of the instrument; check the operation status of auxiliary facilities such as air compressor, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), algae removal device, pure water machine, etc.; replace consumables in time, empty the air compressors; h) Check the operation status of the industrial personal computer, whether it is poisoned or not, back up the field data and control software at least once every quarter; check whether the communication line between the instrument and the system is normal, whether the data deviation of the analog transmission meets the requirements; i) It shall remove timely the weeds and accumulated water around the station building, check whether the lightning protection facilities are reliable, whether there is rain leakage in the station, whether other facilities outside the station are damaged or flooded; if any of the above problems are found, they shall be handled in time to ensure the safe operation of the system. Do well in the maintenance of thermal insulation of water collection pipelines and station before the freezing period comes; j) Make the work records of daily routine maintenance; take photos for important work for archiving. 6.2.2 Maintenance and overhauling According to the environmental conditions of the system operation, overhaul the instrument and equipment of the system which are in operation within the specified time to prevent the occurrence of faults. When there is a backup instrument as a guarantee, it shall use the standby instrument to replace the monitoring analysis equipment that is running in the water station, send it to the laboratory for maintenance and overhauling; if there is no backup instrument as a guarantee, it may carry out maintenance & overhauling at site. The maintenance & overhauling plan shall be established based on the configuration of the system instrument and equipment and the requirements of the equipment manual. a) The monitoring instrument and equipment of the water station shall be maintained and overhauled at least once a year; b) According to the requirements specified by the manufacturer's use and maintenance manual, based on the service life, replace the key components such as light source, electrode, peristaltic pump and sensor in the monitoring instrument; c) Perform inspection of the leakage and pressure of the liquid path of the instrument; inspect and clean the optical path, liquid path, circuit board, various connectors and sockets, etc.; d) Check and calibrate the output zero and full scale of the instrument, check the output linearity of the instrument; e) After completing each overall maintenance and overhauling, or after replacing the key components such as light source, electrode, peristaltic pump, sensor, etc. in the instrument, it must calibrate and check the instruments again, record the overhauling and calibration information. 6.2.3 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting refers to the targeted inspection and repair of faulty instrument and equipment. Troubleshooting shall be done as such. a) According to the characteristics of the instrument used and the maintenance manual provided by the manufacturer, prepare the work instructions for judging and repairing common faults; b) For problems that can be clearly diagnosed at site and can be solved by replacing spare parts (such as the control failure of solenoid valve, the rupture of pump tube, the blockage of liquid path, the aging of light source, etc.), it shall be troubleshooted at site; c) For other faults that are difficult to diagnose and repair, it shall use the standby instruments to replace the faulty instruments; send the faulty instruments or spare parts to the laboratory or the instrument manufacturer for inspection and maintenance; d) After each troubleshooting, according to the troubleshooting items and the replaced parts, calibrate the instruments. For maintenance of the common consumables (such as replacement of pump tube, cooling fans, fluid path joints or connectors), it shall perform at least calibration of standard liquid. For maintenance of critical components (such as maintenance of moving mechanical parts, optical components, testing components and signal processing components), follow the requirements of the instrument standards and specifications to check the standard curve and precision. All troubleshooting results shall be recorded as required for reference. 6.2.4 Downtime maintenance Short-term shutdown (downtime less than 24 h). Normal shutdown, the instrument must be recalibrated when running again. Long-term downtime (continuous downtime more than 24 h). When the analyzer needs to be shut down for 24 h or more, turn off the analytical instrument and injection valve, turn off the power; use pure water to clean the peristaltic pump and reagent pipeline of the analytical instrument; clean the measuring chamber and empty it; be sure to remove the measuring electrode and immerse the electrode tip in the protective solution for preservation. It shall calibrate the instrument again before running it again. 6.3 Daily management of data platform For the data platform, it must arrange personnel to understand the equipment operation and water quality. At every morning and afternoon, remotely observe the monitoring data of the water station at least once through the data platform software. Based on actual conditions, organize performing such work as patrol inspection, verification, maintenance, and so on, to ensure the normal and safe operation of the water station. The daily management work of the data platform includes. a) Check the data transmission, instrument and related system parameter data of each water station, any problem found shall be handled in time; b) When the data is found to have persistent outliers, it shall immediately arrange the technicians to go to the site for investigation; if necessary, collect the actual water samples for manual analysis; c) Retrieve and analyze the monitoring data of the water station; d) Report the monitoring results; e) Ensure that the hardware and software of the used and backup computer systems are running normally; regularly update the system software, water quality’s monitoring software, anti-virus software; back up the system monitoring data once every quarter...... ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.