HJ 501-2009 PDF English
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HJ 501-2009: Water quality - Determination of total organic carbon - Combustion oxidation nondispersive infrared absorption method
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NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Replacing GB 13139-91 and HJ/T 71-2001
Water quality - Determination of total organic carbon -
Combustion oxidation nondispersive infrared
absorption method
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 20, 2009
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2009
Issued by: Ministry of Environmental Protection
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 5
1 Scope of application ... 7
2 Terms and definitions ... 7
3 Principle of the method ... 8
4 Interference and elimination ... 9
5 Reagents and materials ... 9
6 Instruments and apparatuses ... 10
7 Sample ... 10
8 Analysis steps ... 10
9 Result calculation ... 11
10 Precision and accuracy ... 12
11 Quality assurance and quality control ... 12
Water quality - Determination of total organic carbon -
Combustion oxidation nondispersive infrared
absorption method
1 Scope of application
This Standard specifies the combustion oxidation nondispersive infrared
absorption method for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) in
surface water, groundwater, domestic sewage and industrial wastewater.
This Standard is applicable to the determination of total organic carbon (TOC)
in surface water, groundwater, domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. The
detection-limit is 0.1 mg/L, and the lower limit of determination is 0.5 mg/L.
Note 1: The determination of TOC in this Standard is divided into differential
subtraction method (3.1) and direct method (3.2). When the content of
volatile organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, cyclohexane
and trichloromethane in water is high, it shall be determined by the
differential subtraction method; when the content of volatile organic
compounds in water is relatively low and the content of inorganic
carbon is relatively high, it shall be determined by the direct method.
Note 2: When there are elemental carbon particles (soot), carbides, cyanides,
cyanates and thiocyanates, they can be measured simultaneously with
organic carbon.
Note 3: When there are large particles of suspended solids in the water, due to
the limitation of the auto sampler pore size, the determination results
do not include all particulate organic carbon.
2 Terms and definitions
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this Standard.
2.1 Total organic carbon, TOC
The sample is acidified and aerated; the inorganic carbon in it is converted into
carbon dioxide and removed; the sample is injected into the high-temperature
combustion tube to directly measure the total organic carbon. Since the
purgeable organic carbon (POC) may lose in acidified aeration, the measured
total organic carbon value shall be non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC).
4 Interference and elimination
When the common coexisting ions in water exceed the following mass
concentrations: SO42− 400 mg/L, Cl− 400 mg/L, NO3− 100 mg/L, PO43− 100 mg/L,
S2− 100 mg/L; it’s available to use the carbon dioxide-free water (5.1) to dilute
the water sample until the above-mentioned coexisting ion mass concentration
is lower than the interference allowable mass concentration; then, perform the
analysis.
5 Reagents and materials
Unless otherwise specified, the reagents in this Standard shall be analytical
reagents in accordance with national standards. The water used shall be carbon
dioxide-free water (5.1).
5.1 Carbon dioxide-free water: boil the distilled water in a beaker (10% of
evaporation); use it later after cooling. Pure water or ultra-pure water that is
prepared by a pure water machine can also be used. Carbon dioxide-free water
shall be prepared when necessary; the measured TOC mass concentration
shall not exceed 0.5 mg/L.
5.2 Sulfuric acid (H2SO4): ρ(H2SO4) = 1.84 g/ml.
5.3 Potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHC8H4O4): excellent grade.
5.4 Anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3): excellent grade.
5.5 Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3): excellent grade.
5.6 Sodium hydroxide solution: ρ(NaOH) = 10 g/L.
5.7 Organic carbon standard stock solution: ρ(organic carbon, C) = 400 mg/L.
Accurately weigh 0.850 2 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate (dry to constant
weight at 110 ~ 120°C in advance); place it in a beaker; add water (5.1) to
dissolve; transfer the solution to a 1 000 ml volumetric flask; use water (5.1) to
dilute to the mark and mix. It can be stored for two months at 4°C.
5.8 Inorganic carbon standard stock solution: ρ(inorganic carbon, C) = 400 mg/L.
Accurately weigh 1.763 4 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate (dry to constant
weight at 105°C in advance) and 1.400 0 g of sodium bicarbonate (dry in a dryer
In a set of seven 100 ml volumetric flasks, add 0.00, 2.00, 5.00, 10.00, 20.00,
40.00, 100.00 ml of solution for the differential subtraction standard (5.9); use
water (5.1) to dilute to the mark and mix. Formulate into standard series
solutions with a total carbon mass concentration of 0.0, 4.0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0,
80.0, 200.0 mg/L and an inorganic carbon mass concentration of 0.0, 2.0, 5.0,
10.0, 20.0, 40.0, 100.0 mg/L; measure the response value according to the
steps in (8.4). Correspond the standard serious solution mass concentration to
the response value of the instrument to draw the total carbon and inorganic
carbon calibration curves respectively.
8.2.2 Drawing of the direct calibration curve
In a set of seven 100 ml volumetric flasks, add 0.00, 2.00, 5.00, 10.00, 20.00,
40.00, 100.00 ml of solution for the direct method (5.10); use water (5.1) to
dilute to the mark and mix. Formulate into standard series solutions with an
organic carbon mass concentration of 0.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0, 100.0 mg/L;
measure the response value according to the steps in (8.4). Correspond the
standard serious solution mass concentration to the response value of the
instrument to draw the organic carbon calibration curve.
The above calibration curve concentration range can be adjusted according to
the instrument and the type of the measured sample.
8.3 Blank test
Use the carbon dioxide free water (5.1) to replace the sample; measure the
response value according to the procedure in (8.4). The TOC content of carbon
dioxide-free water (5.1) shall be measured first in each test; the measured value
shall not exceed 0.5 mg/L.
8.4 Sample determination
8.4.1 Differential subtraction method
For the acidified sample, use sodium hydroxide solution (5.6) to neutralize to
neutrality before the determination; take a certain volume to inject into the TOC
analyzer for determination; record the corresponding response value.
8.4.2 Direct method
Take a certain volume to acidify it to pH ≤ 2; inject the sample into the TOC
analyzer; remove the inorganic carbon by aeration; introduce it into a high-
temperature oxidation furnace; record the corresponding response value.
9 Result calculation
9.1 Differential subtraction method
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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