GB/T 8196-2018 PDF English
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| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivery | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 8196-2018 | English | 495 |
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Safety of machinery -- Guards -- General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards
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| GB/T 8196-2003 | English | 150 |
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Safety of machinery -- Guards -- General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards
| Obsolete |
| GB/T 8196-1987 | English | RFQ |
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Sefety requirement of guard on machinery
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GB/T 8196-2018: Safety of machinery -- Guards -- General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT8196-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.110
J 09
GB/T 8196-2018 / ISO 14120.2015
Replacing GB/T 8196-2003
Safety of Machinery – Guards – General Requirements for
the Design and Construction of Fixed and Movable Guards
(ISO 14120.2015, IDT)
Issued on. DECEMBER 28, 2018
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2019
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
Introduction... 6
1 Scope... 8
2 Normative References... 8
3 Terms and Definitions... 9
4 Risk Assessment... 15
5 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Guards... 15
5.1 Machine aspects... 15
5.2 Human aspects... 17
5.3 Guard design and construction aspects... 19
5.4 Materials, rigidity, and impact requirements... 21
5.5 Containment... 22
5.6 Resistance to corrosion... 22
5.7 Resistance to microorganisms... 22
5.8 Non-toxicity... 23
5.9 Machine viewing... 23
5.10 Transparency... 23
5.11 Shadows and stroboscopic effects... 23
5.12 Electrostatic properties... 23
5.13 Guards with electrically conductive parts... 23
5.14 Thermal stability... 24
5.15 Fire and flammability... 24
5.16 Noise and vibration reduction... 24
5.17 Radiation protection... 24
5.18 Climbing... 24
5.19 Retained fastenings... 24
5.20 Vibration resistance... 25
5.21 Warning signs... 25
5.22 Color... 25
5.23 Appearance... 25
6 Selection of Types of Guards... 26
6.1 General... 26
6.2 Combination of different guards or of guards with other devices... 26
6.3 Selection of guards according to the number and size of the hazards... 27
6.4 Selection of guards according to the nature and frequency of access required... 28
7 Verification of the Safety Requirements for Guards... 29
7.1 General... 29
7.2 Verification and validation methods... 29
7.3 Required verification and validation... 30
8 Information for Use... 34
8.1 General... 34
8.2 Guard hazards... 34
8.3 Installation... 34
8.4 Operation... 34
8.5 Removal of guards... 35
8.6 Inspection and maintenance... 35
Annex A (Informative) Example of Retained Fastening... 36
Annex B (Informative) Example of Projectile Test Method for Mechanically Testing
Guards... 37
Annex C (Informative) Example of Pendulum Test Method for Mechanically Testing
Guards... 41
Bibliography... 46
Foreword
This Standard was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaced GB/T 8196-2003 Safety of Machinery – Guards - General Requirements
for the Design and Construction of Fixed and Movable Guards. Compared with GB/T 8196-
2003, the major technical changes of this Standard are as follows besides the editorial
modifications.
--- Increase the ergonomic requirements for power-operated guards (see 5.2.5.4 of this
Edition);
--- Increase the requirements for guards with conductive parts (see 5.13 of this Edition);
--- Increase the requirements for anti-climbing (see 5.18 of this Edition);
--- Refine the requirements for fasteners of guards (see 5.19 of this Edition; 7.2 of 2003
Edition);
--- Refine verification and validation of safety requirements for guards (see Clause 7 of this
Edition; Clause 8 of 2003 Edition);
--- Add examples of retaining fasteners (see Annex A of this Edition);
--- Add test methods (see Annexes B and C of this Edition);
--- Delete Annexes B and C (see Annexes B and C of 2003 Edition).
This Standard used the translation method to equivalently adopt ISO 14120.2015 Safety of
Machinery – Guards – General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Fixed and
Movable Guards.
The Chinese documents that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents
normatively cited in this Standard are as follows.
--- GB/T 18569.1-2001 Safety of Machinery - Reduction of Risks to Health from Hazardous
Substances Emitted by Machinery - Part 1.Principles and Specifications for Machinery
Manufacturers (eqv ISO 14123-1.1998);
--- GB/T 18831-2017 Safety of Machinery - Interlocking Devices Associated with Guards -
Principles for Design and Selection (ISO 14119.2013, IDT);
--- GB/T 19876-2012 Safety of Machinery - Positioning of Safeguards with respect to the
Approach Speeds of Parts of the Human Body (ISO 13855.2010, IDT);
--- GB/T 19891-2005 Safety of Machinery - Hygiene Requirements for the Design of
Machinery (ISO 14159.2002, IDT);
--- GB/T 23821-2009 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent Hazard Zones being
Reached by Upper and Lower Limbs (ISO 13857.2008, IDT).
This Standard made the following editorial modifications.
--- Delete the informative Annex D.
This Standard was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on
Mechanical Safety of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 208).
Drafting organizations of this Standard. Suzhou Angao Intelligent Security Technology Co.,
Ltd.; Lihong Safety Equipment Engineering (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.; Anhui Ruishi Photoelectric
Technology Co., Ltd.; Xiamen Chengcan Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd.; Fujian Minxuan
Technology Co., Ltd.; Center Testing International Group Co., Ltd.; Nan'an Zhongji
Standardization Research Institute Co., Ltd.; Mesnac Co., Ltd.; Nanjing Forestry
University/National-Provincial Joint Engineering Research Center of Electromechanical
Product Packaging; Xi'an Kaiyijin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.; Nanjing University of
Science and Technology; Mechanical Productivity Center; Nan'an Quality Measurement and
Testing Institute; and Yiwu Guojun Mould Factory.
Chief drafting staffs of this Standard. Li Qin, Li Liyan, Zhu Bin, Hu Zheng, Chen Huiling, Pi
Fengmei, Huang Qing, Yu Mingjin, Ju Ronghua, Cheng Hongbing, Ju Likai, Xie Ziping, Zhu
Guojun, Chen Zhuoxian, Hou Hongying, Liu Panchao, Huang Dongsheng, Wu Shoutao, Li
Zhong, Liu Zhishui, Zhou Aiping, Fu Huiqing, Shen Dehong, Zhang Xiaofei, and Shen Yurong.
The historical editions replaced by this Standard are as follows.
--- GB/T 8196-1987, GB/T 8196-2003;
--- GB/T 8197-1987.
1 Scope
This Standard specifies general requirements for the design, construction, and selection of
guards provided to protect persons from mechanical hazards.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document; for the
undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this
document.
GB 5226.1-2008 Electrical Safety of Machinery - Electrical Equipment of Machines - Part
1.General Requirements (IEC 60204-1.2005, IDT)
GB/T 15706-2012 Safety of Machinery - General Principles for Design - Risk Assessment
and Risk Reduction (ISO 12100.2010, IDT)
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15706-2012 and
the following apply.
Guard affixed in such a manner (for example, by screws, nuts, and welding) that it can only be
opened or removed by the use of tools or by destruction of the means by which the guard is
affixed.
Guard which can be opened without the use of tools.
4 Risk Assessment
In order to select and design types of guards appropriate to particular machinery, it is important
to assess the risk arising from the various hazards present at that machinery and the foreseeable
categories of persons who can be exposed to the hazard(s) (see GB/T 15706-2012, Clause 5).
5 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Guards
To minimize access to hazard zones where practicable, guards and machinery shall be so
designed as to enable routine adjustments, lubrication, and maintenance to be carried out
without opening or removing the guards.
Where there is a foreseeable risk of emission from the machine of hazardous substances (for
example coolant, vapors, gases, swarf, sparks, hot or molten material, dust, solid, or fluid
matter), the guard shall be designed according to ISO 14123‑1 to contain these substances as
far as practicable.
6 Selection of Types of Guards
It can be appropriate to use a combination of different types of guards. For example.
Guards to protect against hazards generated by moving transmission parts, e.g., pulleys, belts,
gears, rack, and pinions, shafts shall be either fixed guards (see Figure 1) or interlocked
movable guards.
Fixed guards should be used on account of their simplicity and reliability.
7 Verification of the Safety Requirements for Guards
Table 1 lists specific requirements that are identified as essential for the design, construction,
and selection of guards provided to protect persons from mechanical hazards. For each
requirement, Table 1 indicates the means by which compliance with the requirement shall be
verified.
8 Information for Use
Information shall be provided for any hazards associated with the guards themselves, for
example mechanical hazards or flammability of materials and relevant test results.
Instructions shall be provided directing the user to the correct operation of the guards, and the
related interlocks if they are supplied with the guard. Warnings against reasonably foreseeable
misuse shall be given (see GB/T 15706-2012).
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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