GB/T 42944-2023 PDF English
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GB/T 42944-2023: Paper, board and paper products - Determination of effective-recyclable components
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT42944-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 85.010
CCS Y 30
Paper, board and paper products - Determination of
effective-recyclable components
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 6, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 1, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Apparatus ... 5
5 Specimen processing ... 6
6 Test procedure ... 7
7 Results calculation ... 8
8 Test report ... 10
Paper, board and paper products - Determination of
effective-recyclable components
1 Scope
This document describes the method for determination of effective-recyclable
components in paper, board and paper products.
This document applies to all kinds of paper, board and paper products; as well as paper-
based composite materials such as aluminum-foil paper and coated paper.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents, through normative references in this text,
constitute indispensable provisions of this document. Among them, for dated references,
only the edition corresponding to that date applies to this document. For undated
references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 450 Paper and board - Sampling for testing and identification of machine and
cross direction, wire side and felt side
GB/T 5399 Pulps - Determination of stock concentration
GB/T 21557-2008 Waste paper - Estimation of stickies
GB/T 22877 Paper, board and pulps - Determination of residue (ash) on ignition at
525 Celsius
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Disintegration behavior
The process in which the specimen is dissociated and dispersed into a fiber suspension.
3.2
Coarse reject
2 - Barrel lid;
3 - Rotor;
4 - Motor;
5 - Discharge valve;
6 - Stand.
Figure 1 -- Structural diagram of low-consistency hydraulic pulper
4.2 Coarse-screening equipment
The coarse-screening equipment used in the test is a pulp screen equipped with a sieve
plate with a sieve hole diameter of 10 mm. The volume is not less than 12 L. It shall
have a vibration or stirring function. For a vibrating pulp screen, the vibration frequency
of the vibrating membrane is (700±10) times/min. For a stirring pulp screen, the
distance between the edge of stirring blade and the upper surface of sieve plate is 10
mm~20 mm; the blade speed is 200 r/min.
4.3 Stickies screen
For laboratory stickies screen, the average slit width of sieve plate shall be
(0.100±0.005)mm. The difference between each slit width and the average slit width
shall not be greater than 0.015 mm.
4.4 Fine-screening equipment
The fine-screening equipment used in the test is a vibrating pulp screen equipped with
a hole sieve plate with a sieve hole diameter of 0.7 mm AND a slotted sieve plate with
a sieve gap of 0.10 mm. The vibration frequency of the vibrating membrane is (700±10)
times/min. The amplitude is (3.2±0.1)mm. The water flow velocity is (8.6±0.2)L/min.
4.5 Other apparatus
Other apparatus is detailed in the corresponding method standards, respectively.
5 Specimen processing
The specimens shall not be touched with hands. When handling specimens, it shall wear
clean powder-free protective gloves.
Weigh an absolutely dry sample of approximately 480 g (recorded as m0); cut it into
specimens of approximately 100 mm×100 mm size; place them in a barrel. At room
temperature, add 40 °C water until the pulp consistency is 4%; soak for 10 min. If the
sample is paper and board, it shall be sampled according to the method described in
GB/T 450. If the specimen is a packaging paper product (carton, paper cup, paper box,
etc.), it shall try to ensure that the specimen contains all components of an integer
sample. When the absolute dry mass of a single sample is greater than 480 g, it shall be
ensured that the sample taken is representative and contains all components of the
sample.
6 Test procedure
6.1 Disintegration behavior of specimen
Pour the specimen into the low-consistency hydraulic pulper (4.1); disintegrate it for 5
min. After the disintegration behavior is completed, drain all the stock into the barrel.
6.2 Coarse screening
The purpose of coarse screening is to separate coarse reject. Before coarse screening,
under the coarse-screening equipment (4.2), place a container with a capacity of at least
30 L. Add the disintegrated specimen to the coarse-screening equipment; start the
equipment and start vibrating or stirring; open the outlet valve to start screening. After
the stock is drained, add 12 L of water and continue screening. During the coarse
screening process, some fibers will adhere to the surface of the sieve plate or equipment.
Use 2 L~5 L of water to rinse the sieve reject or the inner wall of the equipment.
Transfer the sieve reject on the sieve plate to a container that can be heated and weighed.
Then at 105 °C, dry to constant weight and weigh (recorded as mc).
6.3 Stock homogenization
The coarsely-screened stock is stirred and homogenized to make the stock composition
uniform. After homogenization, obtain a stock with an absolute dry content of at least
70 g, to ensure that there are sufficient specimens for all tests. Then, dilute the stock to
a concentration of approximately 1%; stir gently for at least 2 min. According to the
method described in GB/T 5399, determine its concentration.
6.4 Determination of ash content
Take the homogenized stock; determine according to the method described in GB/T
22877.
6.5 Determination of stickies area
Take the homogenized stock; use the stickies screen (4.3) to screen; determine
according to the image analysis method in GB/T 21557-2008.
6.6 Determination of flake content
After the stock is homogenized, take a stock with an absolute dry content of about 2 g
Where:
X - Ash content, %;
mx - The mass of the crucible containing the residue after ignition, in grams (g);
mb - The mass of empty crucible after ignition, in grams (g);
m1 - The absolute dry mass of the specimen, in grams (g).
7.4 Fiber yield
According to formula (4), calculate the fiber yield of the specimen. Keep the result to
two decimal places.
Where:
Y - Fiber yield, %.
7.5 Stickies area
According to Clause 6 of GB/T 21557-2008, calculate the stickies area.
7.6 Flake content
According to formula (5), calculate the flake content of the specimen. Express the result
as the arithmetic mean of 5 determinations. Keep the result to two decimal places.
Where:
F - Flake content, %;
mf - The absolute dry mass of the reject after fine screening with a 0.7 mm hole sieve,
in grams (g);
m2 - The absolute dry mass of the specimen before fine screening with a 0.7 mm hole
sieve, in grams (g).
7.7 Reject rate of 0.10 mm fine screen
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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