GB/T 39115-2020 PDF English
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Energy efficiency evaluation methods for process automation
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GB/T 39115-2020: Energy efficiency evaluation methods for process automation---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT39115-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 25.040
N 10
Energy efficiency evaluation methods for process
automation
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 11, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Terms and definitions ... 4
3 Factors related to production energy efficiency in process industry ... 7
3.1 General ... 7
3.2 Energy consumption... 7
3.3 Material consumption ... 8
3.4 Pollution releases ... 8
3.5 Production management ... 8
3.6 Output factors ... 8
4 Energy efficiency evaluation indicators for process industry ... 9
4.1 Overview of energy efficiency related indicators in the process industry ... 9
4.2 Definitions of energy efficiency indicators ... 10
5 General model of energy efficiency evaluation for process industry ... 13
6 Energy efficiency benchmark ... 15
7 General procedure of energy efficiency evaluation for process industry ... 15
8 Energy efficiency diagnosis for process industry ... 17
Appendix A (Informative) Examples of energy efficiency evaluation ... 18
Bibliography ... 30
Energy efficiency evaluation methods for process
automation
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the energy efficiency evaluation indicator system, the
general model of energy efficiency evaluation, and the general procedure of
energy efficiency evaluation for the process industry.
This Standard applies to energy efficiency evaluation and energy efficiency
diagnosis, etc. in the process industry.
2 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
2.1
Energy
Electricity, fuel, steam, heat, compressed air and other similar media.
Note 1: Energy in various forms, including renewable energy, can be purchased, stored,
disposed of, used in devices or processes, and recycled.
Note 2: Energy can be defined as the power of a system to generate external activities or
work.
[GB/T 23331-2012, definition 3.5]
2.2
Energy conversion
The transformation of the physical or chemical form of energy.
[CEN/CLC/TR 16103:2010, definition 4.1.7]
2.3
Primary energy
Energy which has not undergone any conversion process.
[CEN/CLC/TR 16103:2010, definition 4.3.8]
2.9
Specific energy consumption
Energy consumption per physical unit output.
[CEN/CLC/TR 16103:2010, definition 4.3.10]
2.10
Energy management
Coordinating activities to direct and control the energy use of an entity.
[CEN/CLC/TR 16103:2010, definition 4.5.1]
2.11
Input
The flow of products, substances, or energy which enter a unit process.
[GB/T 24040-2008, definition 3.21]
2.12
Output
The flow of products, substances, or energy leaving a unit process.
[GB/T 24040-2008, definition 3.25]
2.13
Device
An entity which implements control, execution, and/or sensing functions, and
connects with other such entities in the automation system.
[GB/T 19659.1-2005, definition 3.11]
2.14
Process
A set of interrelated or interacting activities which transform inputs into outputs.
[GB/T 24040-2008, definition 3.11]
3.3 Material consumption
The consumption of various materials, auxiliary materials, etc. by devices,
production units, production processes, and the entire production process of
other products during the process industry production.
Example: The materials consumed in the ethylene production process include mixed
naphtha, hydrogenated tail oil, etc.; the auxiliary materials consumed include
various catalysts, additives, etc. The materials consumed in the steel production
process include iron ore; the auxiliary materials include coolants and
recarburizers, etc.
3.4 Pollution releases
The releases of various types of pollution generated by devices, production
units, production process sections, and the entire production process of other
products during the process industry production.
Example: Wastes such as water pollutants, atmospheric pollutants and solid waste
discharged from the steel production process. Atmospheric pollutants mainly
contain fluorine, sulfur dioxide, various particulate matter, etc. Water pollutants
mainly include heavy metals and suspended solids such as fluoride, cyanide,
lead, etc. Solid waste mainly includes blast furnace slag and steel slag, etc.
3.5 Production management
During the process industry production, on-site operation of devices, production
units, production process sections; process parameter setting and adjustment,
etc.; as well as the quality testing and guarantee of raw materials, intermediate
products and final products; and the factors such as balance of supply and
demand of materials and energy.
Example: Outlet temperature, excess air coefficient, exhaust gas temperature setting, etc.
of blast furnace and cracking furnace, etc.
3.6 Output factors
The definition of energy efficiency is the ratio of output energy, product, service
or performance to input energy or other quantitative relationship. Therefore,
output factors, including the number of products and the amount of energy
output, will affect energy efficiency.
Example: Production capacity, device energy utilization efficiency, product output of
specific energy consumption, etc. during the production process.
B Lost resource RI1
C Recycled resource RC2
D Lost resource RI2
E Recycled resource RCq
F Lost resource RIq
Figure 3 -- Energy efficiency indicator analysis of process production
According to the energy efficiency evaluation method in this clause, refer to
Appendix A for evaluation examples in practical applications.
6 Energy efficiency benchmark
The energy efficiency benchmark is to compare the basic quantitative value
provided by the energy efficiency level. The methods for establishing energy
efficiency benchmark include:
a) Mechanism modeling method: According to the objective laws of
thermodynamics, chemical reaction, physical change, etc., derive the
energy efficiency function relationship formula. The energy efficiency
benchmark established by the mechanism modeling method is an ideal
value;
b) Mathematical analysis method: Based on historical data, through data
fitting or statistical analysis methods, determine the energy efficiency
baseline;
c) Empirical method: Use industry-defined standards, or the best energy
efficiency results in the production process of excellent enterprises or this
enterprise as energy efficiency benchmarks.
The energy efficiency benchmark preferentially selects the design value
calculated by the mechanism modeling method. When there is no design value,
it is possible to consider using mathematical statistics to select the data of past
historical period or the best historical data. When the above two situations are
not feasible, empirical method can also be used to determine the energy
efficiency benchmark.
7 General procedure of energy efficiency evaluation for
process industry
The general evaluation procedure of production energy efficiency for process
industry is shown in Figure 4.
processes and systems;
d) For each component of the evaluation object, based on the established
energy efficiency indicator system, calculate the applicable indicators;
e) Compare the calculation results of each indicator of the evaluation object
with the established energy efficiency benchmark; analyze the
comparison results;
f) Form energy efficiency diagnostic output, for production energy efficiency
optimization;
g) Adopt various energy efficiency optimization methods, to improve the
energy efficiency level. At the same time, modify the corresponding energy
efficiency benchmark.
8 Energy efficiency diagnosis for process industry
The manufacturing process of process industry is continuous. The operation is
required to be in a stable state. Large changes in the parameters reflecting the
operation state shall be avoided as much as possible. When there is an
abnormal energy efficiency in the production process, the calculation and
analysis of multiple energy efficiency indicators at the equipment level, process
level, and system level can be carried out; to diagnose the cause of abnormal
energy efficiency and locate the abnormality; make corresponding adjustments
to production and management; improve the energy efficiency level accordingly.
Δt - Temperature difference, in degrees Celsius (°C);
wCO - Carbon monoxide content in flue gas;
α - Air coefficient.
A.4.2.2 Indicator calculation
Take the relevant data of No. 1 cracking furnace in Fushun Ethylene Plant:
Flue gas temperature: tg=153
Temperature of the hot air: ta=10
Atomized steam consumption: W=0
Oxygen content of flue gas: wO2=3.78%
Carbon monoxide content in flue gas: wCO=0
Excess air coefficient: α=1.24
Calculate according to the simplified formula: η=92.29%.
A.5 Example of system energy efficiency evaluation - ethylene production
system
A.5.1 Evaluation model and indicator
Take an ethylene production system in a petrochemical enterprise as an
example. The technological process is mainly composed of units such as raw
material preheating, cracking, quenching, compression, cold separation,
thermal separation, refrigeration, waste alkali oxidation and gasoline
hydrogenation. The energy efficiency evaluation model of the ethylene
production system is shown in Figure A.4.
Where:
Mi - The mass of the input i-th fuel, steam, electricity, water or energy-
consumed medium, in tons (t), kilowatt hours (kW · h) or cubic meters (m3);
Ri - The energy conversion factor, i.e. the conversion relationship between
the input i-th fuel, steam, electricity, water or energy-consumed medium
and kilogram of standard oil. GB 30250-2013 stipulates the energy
conversion factor;
Qj - The amount of the j-th energy input into the ethylene production
system from the outside, in kilograms of standard oil (kgoe).
b) Energy consumption of ethylene cracking unit
The ethylene cracking system includes an ethylene cracking unit and a
gasoline hydrogenation unit. The energy consumption sharing coefficient
of the ethylene cracking unit is 0.7. The energy consumption sharing
coefficient of the gasoline hydrogenation unit is 0.3. The types of energy
consumed include fuel, water, electricity, steam, nitrogen, and wind. All
energy is converted into standard oil:
1) Fuel: El1 = Mfuel oil × Rfuel oil + Mfuel gas × Rfuel gas + Mnatural gas × Rnatural gas +
Mliquid hydrocarbon × Rliquid hydrocarbon + Mhydrogen × Rhydrogen
Mfuel gas = (MLPG + Mnaphtha + Mlight hydrocarbon feed + Mhydrocracking tail oil + Mlight
vacuum cap oil + Mhydrogenated C5 + Mexternally-supplied propane + Mpurge propane +
Mtempered oil) × 12% - Mexternally-supplied methane + Mexternally-compensated LPG +
Mhydrogen to fuel;
2) Water: El2 = Mindustrial water × Rindustrial water × 0.7 + Mliving water × Rliving water ×
0.7 + Msoftened water × Rsoftened water × 0.7 + Mdesalted water × Rdesalted water × 0.7
+ Mrecycled water × Rrecycled water × 0.7 + Mhot water × Rhot water × 0.7 - Mcondensed
water × Rcondensed water - Mdeoxygenated water × Rdeoxygenated water
3) Electricity: El3 = Melectricity × Relectricity × 0.7
4) Steam: El4 = Msteam 3.5MPa × Rsteam 3.5MPa × 0.7 + (Msteam consumption 1.0MPa -
Msteam output 1.0MPa) × Rsteam 1.0MPa + (Msteam consumption 0.3MPa - Msteam output
0.3MPa) × Rsteam 0.3MPa
5) Nitrogen and wind: El5 = Mnitrogen × Rnitrogen × 0.7 + Mcompressed air ×
Rcompressed air × 0.7 + Mdecoking air × Rdecoking air × 0.7
c) Energy consumption of gasoline hydrogenation unit
The types of energy consumed by the gasoline hydrogenation unit include
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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