GB/T 39112-2020 PDF English
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GB/T 39112-2020: General principles for safety risk control of consumer product life cycle---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT39112-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.120
A 20
General principles for safety risk control of consumer
product life cycle
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 21, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 21, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 General ... 6
5 Design stage ... 8
6 Production stage ... 10
7 Packaging stage ... 11
8 Storage and transportation stage ... 12
9 Use stage ... 14
10 Recycle stage ... 15
Appendix A (Informative) Examples of safety risk control of wooden cabinet
product life cycle ... 17
References ... 22
General principles for safety risk control of consumer
product life cycle
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the general principles for safety risk control of
consumer product at each stage of the life cycle.
This Standard applies to each stage of the life cycle of consumer product design,
production, packaging, storage and transportation, use and recycling.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 5296.1, Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 1:
General principles
GB/T 22760, Consumer product safety - General principles for risk
assessment
GB/T 28803-2012, Directives for risk management of consumer products
safety
GB/T 29289-2012, Design rules for consumer products safety
GB/T 35248-2017, Consumer product safety - Guidelines for suppliers
GB/T 36431-2018, Classification and code of consumer products
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions determined by GB/T 28803-2012, GB/T 36431-2018 and
the following ones are applicable to this document.
3.1 Consumer product
safety design and formulate residual risk control measures. In the stages of
production, packaging, storage and transportation, use, and recycling, risk
management and risk control shall be carried out in a targeted manner, so that
the safety risk that arises from the entire consumer product life cycle can reach
an acceptable level.
4.3 The safety risk control at each stage of the consumer product life cycle can
be a cyclic process, including:
a) Identify the source of danger;
b) Conduct risk assessment and risk evaluation;
c) Formulate risk control measures and assess whether the residual risk
reaches an acceptable level;
d) Verify the effectiveness of risk reduction measures, and confirm whether
the residual risk reaches the expected acceptable level;
e) If the residual risk is unacceptable, formulate new risk reduction measures;
f) If the implementation of risk reduction measures may produce new risks,
repeat a) ~ d), until the residual risk reaches an acceptable level.
5 Design stage
5.1 General requirements
At the consumer product design stage, full consideration shall be given to
factors such as the end use of the consumer product, the use environment, and
the users. On the basis of satisfying its predetermined functions, perform
intrinsic safety design of consumer product forms, components and
connections, material selection, manufacturing methods and processes,
storage and transportation, use, and recycling, to identify its foreseeable
misuse and risks; according to the risk assessment procedure that is given by
GB/T 22760, reduce the risk to an acceptable level by changing product design,
adopting protective measures, and using and warning information and other
risk reduction measures; form a design specification (see 5.2 of GB/T 35248-
2017) .
The following aspects shall be considered but not limited to:
a) Safety design method (see 5.2);
b) Safety design measures (see 5.3).
5.2 Safety design method
When the direct safety design may not be able to completely eliminate the risk
or completely reduce the residual risk, indirect safety design measures,
including protective devices and/or safety guards, shall be used for safety
protection to protect personnel safety. Supplementary protection measures,
including accessory equipment, may also have to be adopted.
Indirect safety design measures shall comply with the provisions of 8.3 in GB/T
29289-2012.
5.3.3 Prompt safety design measures
Prompt safety design is a constituent part of consumer product design; it
consists of text, words, marks, signals, symbols or icons, which shall comply
with the provisions of 8.4 in GB/T 29289-2012.
6 Production stage
6.1 General requirements
During the production stage of consumer products, follow the safety design
requirements; aim at producing products of qualified safety performance; take
appropriate measures to control risks during the entire production process. In
the production stage, safety risks shall be identified and controlled from three
aspects: procurement, processing and inspection.
6.2 Procurement
The security risk control measures at the procurement stage shall include but
are not limited to the following aspects:
a) Before the production, it shall be confirmed that the raw materials,
components, parts and assemblies, spare parts and accessories meet the
design specifications.
b) Raw materials and components shall be purchased from manufacturers
with guaranteed quality. When the source of procurement changes, it shall
be approved before implementation.
6.3 Processing
The security risk control measures at the processing stage shall include but are
not limited to the following aspects:
a) The manufacturer shall record the production process and steps; record
in detail all the links which are related to the safety of consumer products,
and ensure that they can be inquired at any time;
7.2 Packaging materials
The security risk control measures of packaging materials shall include but are
not limited to the following aspects:
a) It shall be safe and environmentally friendly; it shall not produce harmful
substances that endanger consumers' health; it shall be easy to recycle
and reuse;
b) It shall not cause contamination of consumer products due to packaging,
including safety issues which are caused by the combination of packaging
materials and consumer products;
c) It shall be ensured that packaging materials do not harm consumers under
unconventional conditions such as high temperature and humidity.
7.3 Packing method
The security risk control measures of packaging methods shall include but are
not limited to the following aspects:
a) The dimensions, size and shape of the packaging shall be safe and
reliable, which can ensure the quality of consumer products and the safety
of consumers;
b) The opening method of the package shall be convenient and safe; special
consideration shall be given to the special safety requirements of
disadvantaged consumer groups, such as children, the elderly and the
disabled.
7.4 Packaging mark
The security risk control measures of packaging mark shall include but are not
limited to the following aspects:
a) Safety precautions which are related to the handling, storage, opening,
use and maintenance of consumer products shall be marked on the outer
packaging;
b) For possible potential hazards and reasonably foreseeable use, there
shall be eye-catching safety warnings. When necessary, instructions for
use and other relevant information shall be added.
8 Storage and transportation stage
8.1 General requirements
c) Avoid violent collisions and deformations that affect the performance of the
product itself.
9 Use stage
9.1 General requirements
The use stage of consumer products shall provide information that is related to
existing safety risks, and establish an information feedback mechanism.
Risk control during the use stage shall consider but not limited to the following
aspects:
a) use information;
b) use method;
c) maintenance.
9.2 Use information
The use information shall consider but not limited to the following:
a) When consumer products are delivered, instructions for use and
corresponding product warning signs shall be given.
b) The method of safe use of consumer products shall be correctly
communicated to consumers, such as indicating the user's type and ability,
and reducing the harm that is caused by improper use to an acceptable
level. The use information shall meet the requirements of GB/T 5296.1.
c) When necessary, consumers shall be trained.
9.3 Use method
The use method shall consider but not limited to the following:
a) The supplier shall provide the correct use procedures and use methods of
consumer products;
b) The supplier shall establish a good information feedback and early
warning notification system for consumer product injury incidents;
c) Consumers shall follow the instructions for use.
9.4 Maintenance
Appendix A
(Informative)
Examples of safety risk control of wooden cabinet product life cycle
A.1 Overview
Wooden cabinets are mainly made of wood and wooden artificial boards (see
QB/T 2530-2011).
A.2 Safety risk control of wooden cabinet life cycle
A.2.1 Design stage
A.2.1.1 Safety design steps
Through the statistical data of domestic wooden cabinet product quality
accidents, consumer complaints, product safety performance tests, wooden
cabinet quality and safety design requirements, and domestic and foreign
product quality and safety standard limits for years, perform identification of risk
factors:
a) Physical risk factors:
1) Appearance requirements: wooden parts, artificial board parts, glass
parts, plastic parts, hardware accessories and connectors,
woodworking requirements, paint film coating, material identification;
2) Main dimensions and dimensional limit deviation;
3) Shape and position tolerance;
4) Use functions;
5) Physical and chemical properties;
6) Safety requirements;
7) Mechanical properties: strength and durability, stability;
b) Chemical risk factors: limit of harmful substances.
A.2.1.2 Safety design method
Adopt the method of combining direct safety design and prompt safety design;
according to the predictability and the risk cases that appear, continuously
The production process of wooden cabinets shall comply with the safety
process of industrialized production; pay attention to labor protection, including
the installation of supporting dust removal facilities and labor protection
equipment for worker wearing. There shall be emergency facilities inside the
factory, including fire-fighting channels and fire-extinguishing equipment.
Organize production according to the product technical requirements that are
specified in Chapter 4 of QB/T 2530-2011; set process quality inspection and
delivery inspection in the production process.
A.2.2.3 Inspection
Product inspection is divided into delivery inspection and type inspection. The
inspection rules are in accordance with the provisions of QB/T 2530-2011.
A.2.3 Packaging stage
A.2.3.1 Packaging materials
Packaging materials should be environmentally friendly cartons, wooden boxes
and other materials; the use of plastic films and foam materials should be
minimized. Packaging materials should be recyclable and reused.
A.2.3.2 Packaging method
The product shall be packaged, to prevent bumps, scratches and stains.
When products are packaged in bulk, there shall be a liner between the parts
to protect the surface coating.
The product certificate, instruction manual and packing list shall be enclosed in
the packaging box.
A.2.3.3 Packaging mark
The product packaging box shall be marked with at least: product name, model
and main specification parameters, manufacturer name, address, and
inspection mark. In addition, it shall also include: grade, quantity, gross weight,
net weight, packing box size, product implementation standard number, and
graphic signs that comply with GB/T 191.
A.2.4 Storage, transportation and installation stage
A.2.4.1 Storage
The products should be stored in a clean, dry and ventilated warehouse. They
should be stacked flatly according to variety, specification, grade and type of
structural parts, to prevent deformation. The height of the stack should not
damage the packaging and should facilitate picking up.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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