GB/T 36672-2018 PDF English
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Lithium-ion battery for electric mopeds and motorcycles
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GB/T 36672-2018: Lithium-ion battery for electric mopeds and motorcycles---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT36672-2018
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.140
T 85
Lithium-ion battery for electric mopeds and motorcycles
Issued on. SEPTEMBER 17, 2018
Implemented on. APRIL 01, 2019
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms, definitions, symbols... 5
4 Models of battery module... 8
5 Battery system requirements... 10
6 Test methods... 15
7 Identification... 19
8 Packaging, transportation, storage... 20
Appendix A (Informative) Dimensions and specifications series of battery module. 21
Appendix B (Informative) Typical structure of battery system... 22
Appendix C (Informative) CAN communication protocol of battery control unit (BCU)
... 24
Appendix D (Informative) Control line connector... 27
References... 28
1 Scope
This standard specifies the module model, battery system requirements, test methods,
identification, packaging, transportation, storage of lithium-ion batteries for electric
motorcycles and electric mopeds.
This standard applies to lithium-ion battery systems for electric motorcycles and
electric mopeds.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB 2894-2008 Safety signs and guideline for the use
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical terminology - Primary and secondary cells and
batteries
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 5013.1 Rubber insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750
V - Part 1.General requirements
GB/T 5023.1 Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and
including 450/750 V - Part 1.General requirements
GB/T 18384.1-2015 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Safety specifications -
Part 1.On-board rechargeable energy storage system (REESS)
GB/T 18384.3-2015 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Safety specifications -
Part 3.Protection of persons against electric shock
GB/T 18455-2010 Package recycling marking
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 19666 Flame retardant and fire resistant wires and cables
GB 21966-2008 Safety of primary and secondary lithium cells and batteries during
transport
3 Terms, definitions, symbols
The terms and definitions, which are defined in GB/T 2900.41 and GB/T 19596, as well
as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document. For ease of use, some
terms and definitions in GB/T 19596 are repeated below.
3.1
Secondary cell
A basic unit device, that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy,
including electrodes, separators, electrolytes, housings, terminals. It is designed to
be rechargeable.
3.2
Battery module
A combination of more than one single battery in series, parallel or series-parallel,
which has only one pair of positive and negative output terminals, AND is used as a
power source.
3.3
Battery system
An energy storage device, which is composed of one or more battery modules and
corresponding accessories (management systems, high-voltage circuits, low-voltage
circuits, thermal management equipment, mechanical assemblies, etc.).
3.4
Explosion
The battery shell is violently ruptured, accompanied by a loud noise, with the main
component (solid matter) ejected.
3.5
Fire
Any part of the battery continues to burn (lasting longer than 1 s). Sparks and arcs
are not considered combustion.
3.6
Leakage
The liquid inside the battery flows out or seeps out of the battery case.
4 Models of battery module
4.1 Specification and model composition
The specifications and models of the battery modules are as shown in Table 1.The
battery module's model shall be made by the identification plate.
4.2 Representation method of battery module's model
4.2.1 Battery module's code EM
The code of lithium-ion battery module, for electric motorcycles and electric mopeds,
is represented by two capital letters EM.
4.2.2 Type code X1 of battery cathode material
The type code of battery cathode material is represented by an English capital letter, as
shown in Table 2.For multi-component mixed material systems, code is written using
the material component, which has the largest content.
4.2.3 Size code, external dimension, specification series of battery module
4.2.3.1 Length code of battery module X2X3X4
The length code of the battery module is represented by three digits from 0 to 9, which
are integers AND the unit is millimeter (mm). If it does not reach hundreds place, it is
padded with 0 in front.
4.2.4 Mass code of battery module X11X12X13
The mass code of the battery module is represented by three digits from 0 to 9, which
are integers AND the unit is kilogram (kg). If it does not reach hundreds place, it is
padded with 0 in front.
4.2.5 Energy code of battery module X14X15X16
The energy code of the battery module is represented by three digits from 0 to 9, which
is one digit after the decimal point. If it does not reach hundreds place, it is padded with
0 in front. The unit is kilowatt-hour (kWh).
4.2.6 Rated voltage code of battery module X17X18X19
The rated voltage code of the battery module is represented by three digits from 0 to 9,
which are integers AND the unit is volts (V). If it does not reach hundreds place, it is
padded with 0 in front.
4.3 Example of battery module model
Example. EMD439220080014021061.
5 Battery system requirements
5.1 General requirements
The battery system shall have the functions of information collection, information
transmission, safety monitoring. The battery system should have a thermal management
system, to keep the battery system working within the normal operating temperature
range. Refer to Appendix B for the typical structure of the battery system.
5.2 Requirements for working environment
Working temperature. -20 °C ~ 60 °C. Relative humidity. 5% ~ 95%.
5.3 Electrical performance
5.3.1 Discharge capacity at room temperature
When the battery system is tested according to 6.2.1, its discharge capacity shall not be
lower than the rated capacity; it shall not exceed 110% of the rated capacity; the initial
capacity range of all test samples shall not be greater than 7% of the average initial
capacity.
5.3.2 Electrical performance of battery cell and module
The electrical properties of battery cells and modules shall meet the requirements of
GB/T 31486.
5.4 Environmental reliability
5.4.1 Temperature shock
When the battery system is tested according to 6.3.1, the results shall meet the following
requirements.
5.4.2 Damp heat cycle
When the battery system is tested according to 6.3.2, the results shall meet the
requirements of 5.4.1a) and 5.4.1b).
5.4.3 Salt spray
When the battery system is tested according to 6.3.3, the system has no leakage, shell
rupture, fire, explosion, rust, etc.
5.4.4 High altitude
When the battery system is tested according to 6.3.4, the results shall meet the
requirements of 5.4.1a) and 5.4.1b).
5.4.5 Protection
The shield/enclosure of the battery system shall meet the requirements of 6.6 in GB/T
18384.3-2015.The waterproof and dustproof performance shall meet the requirements
of IP57 in GB/T 4208.
5.5 Mechanical reliability
5.5.1 Vibration resistance strength
When the battery system is tested according to 6.4.1, the results shall meet.
5.5.2 Impact strength
When the battery system is tested according to 6.4.2, the results shall meet the
requirements of 5.5.1a), 5.4.1a), 5.4.1b).
5.6 Safety
5.6.1 Battery cells and modules
When the safety of battery cells and modules is tested according to 6.5.1, the results
shall meet the requirements of GB/T 31485.5.7 Battery control unit BCU
5.8 Power circuit
5.8.1 Fuse control
The battery system shall have a circuit fuse controller. The fast fuse shall be suitable
for reliable arc breaking during DC breaking, the casing is intact, there is no arcing.
5.8.2 Power cable and installation
5.9 Control wiring
5.9.1 Materials
The wire harness material shall meet the requirements of QC/T 413.
5.9.2 Wire harness
The wire harness shall meet the requirements of QC/T 417.2.Its flame retardancy and
fire resistance shall meet the requirements of GB/T 19666.
5.9.3 Connectors
Connectors for low-voltage control lines and acquisition lines shall meet the
requirements of QC/T 1067.1 ~ QC/T 1067.3.See Appendix D, for the structure of the
control line connector and the definition of the terminal interface Pin.
6 Test methods Safety alert.
6.1 General test conditions
6.1.1 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be carried out in an environment, which has a
temperature of 25 °C ± 5 °C, a relative humidity of 15% ~ 90%, an atmospheric pressure
of 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa.
6.1.2 Measuring instruments and meters
The accuracy of measuring instruments and meters shall meet the following
requirements.
6.1.3 Other test conditions
Unless otherwise specified, when the battery system is tested for environmental
reliability, mechanical reliability, safety, the test is carried out in the fully charged state,
which is specified by the manufacturer.
6.2 Electrical properties
6.2.1 Discharge capacity at room temperature
Test the discharge capacity at room temperature, as follows.
6.2.2 Standard cycle life
Test the standard cycle life, as follows.
6.2.3 Uniformity of temperature field
In the lithium-ion battery system, evenly select more than 3 single battery anode and
cathode columns, as temperature collection points. Place the lithium-ion battery pack
in a constant temperature test chamber. Set the test temperature to be 0 °C, 25 °C, 55 °C,
respectively. Charge at 1I3(A) constant current, to the end-of-charge voltage, which is
specified in the manufacturer's technical conditions. Then switch to constant-voltage
charge. Stop charging, when the end-of-charge current drops to 0.1I3 (A). After charging,
shelve for 1 h (or the shelving time of not more than 1 h, as provided by the enterprise).
Discharge at 1I1(A) current, to the termination conditions, which are specified by the
manufacturer. Record the temperature of each collection point, during the whole
charging and discharging process. Calculate the difference, between the maximum
temperature and the minimum temperature, at each time point.
6.3 Environmental reliability
6.3.1 Temperature shock
The battery system is placed in an alternating temperature environment of (-40 ± 2) °C
~ (85 ± 2) °C. The switching time, between the two extreme temperatures, is within 30
min. The test objects are kept in each extreme temperature environment for 8 hours and
cycled 5 times. Observe it for 2 h, at room temperature.
6.3.2 Damp heat cycle
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.8 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.3.3 Salt spray
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.11 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.3.4 High altitude
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.12 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.4 Mechanical reliability test
6.4.1 Vibration
The test object is a battery module or system.
6.5.2 Battery system safety
6.5.2.1 Overcharge protection
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.15 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.5.2.2 Over-discharge protection
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.16 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.5.2.3 Over-temperature protection
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.13 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.5.2.4 Short-circuit protection
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.14 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.5.2.5 Seawater immersion
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.9 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.5.2.6 External fire
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.10 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
6.5.2.7 Drop
It is carried out, according to the test method in 7.3 of GB/T 31467.3-2015.
7 Identification
7.1 The identification of the battery system shall be clearly visible on the vehicle; the
identification shall not easily fall off; it shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 4
of GB/T 18384.1-2015.
7.2 There shall be warning signs on the surface of the battery chamber, which shall meet
the requirements of 2-7, in Table 2 of GB 2894-2008.
7.3 The battery system shall have a recyclable sign. The selection of the recycling sign
shall comply with the relevant provisions, in Table 1 of GB/T 18455-2010.
7.4 The interface of the external power cable and control cable of the battery system
shall be clearly marked.
7.5 The signs of prohibitions, warnings, instructions shall comply with the provisions
of 4.1 ~ 4.3 of GB 2894-2008.
7.6 The battery box assembly needs to be marked with polarity. The polarity
identification mark shall be located close to the terminal post. The following identifiers
can be used.
8 Packaging, transportation, storage
8.1 Packaging
The packaging of lithium-ion batteries shall meet the requirements of 4.2 of GB 21966- 2008.
8.2 Transportation
8.2.1 The battery system shall be transported in an incompletely discharged state. The
remaining power is determined, according to the transportation time and self-discharge
rate. The remaining power shall not be less than the value, which is recommended by
the manufacturer.
8.2.2 During transportation, it shall be prevented from violent vibration, shock, sun
exposure, rain. It shall be equipped with fire-fighting equipment, such as carbon dioxide
fire extinguishers, that can extinguish category E fires.
8.2.3 The electrical interface shall be protected, during transportation.
8.3 Storage
8.3.1 The battery system should be stored in a ventilated, clean, dry room, which has a
temperature of 5 °C ~ 40 °C. Avoid direct sunlight. The distance from the heat source
shall not be less than 2 m.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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