GB/T 34889-2017 PDF English
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GB/T 34889-2017: Carburizing or carbonitriding, quenching and tempering of steel parts---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT34889-2017
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 25.200
J 36
Carburizing or carbonitriding,
quenching and tempering of steel parts
Issued on: NOVEMBER 01, 2017
Implemented on: MAY 01, 2018
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Process classification and code ... 6
5 Workpiece to be processed ... 7
6 Carburizing or carbonitriding, quenching and tempering equipment ... 9
7 Carburizing or carbonitriding, quenching and tempering process and
operating procedures ... 12
8 Quality inspection ... 15
9 Acceptance ... 17
10 Safety and health and labor protection requirements ... 17
11 Energy consumption and environmental protection requirements ... 17
12 Product report ... 17
Carburizing or carbonitriding,
quenching and tempering of steel parts
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the technical requirements and methods for carburizing
or carbonitriding, quenching and tempering of steel parts.
This Standard is applicable to carburizing or carbonitriding, quenching and
tempering of steel parts, and is not applicable to iron castings and powder
metallurgy parts.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 224 Determination of depth of decarburization of steels
GB/T 230.1 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1. Test method
(scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T)
GB/T 699 Quality carbon structure steels
GB/T 700 Carbon structural steels
GB/T 1182 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Geometrical
tolerancing - Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out
GB/T 3077 Alloy structure steels
GB/T 4340.1 Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1. Test method
GB/T 4341.1 Metallic materials - Shore hardness test - Part 1. Test method
GB/T 5216 Structural steel with specified hardenability bands
GB/T 6394 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal
GB/T 7232 Terminology of metal heat treatment
GB/T 8121 The terminology of technological materials of heat treatment
GB/T 9450 Steels - Determination and verification of the depth of carburized
and hardened cases
GB/T 9452 Testing method for working zone of heat treatment furnace
GB/T 10201 Regulations of proper usage of electricity in heat treatment
industry
GB/T 12603 Classifications and designations for metal heat treatment
GB/T 13324 Terminology of heat treatment equipment
GB 15735 Requirements for the safety and health in production process of
metal heat treatment
GB/T 15822.1 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing - Part 1.
General principles
GB/T 16923 Normalizing and annealing of steel parts
GB/T 16924 Quenching and tempering of steel parts
GB/T 17358 Power consumption, measurement, and testing in heat treating
production
GB/Z 18718 Energy saving directives for heat treatment
GB/T 18851.1 Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 1. General
principles
GB/T 19944 Fuel consumption calculation and measurement method in heat
treating production
GB/T 21736 Technical specifications of energy-saving combustion devices
for heat treating
GB/T 22561 Vacuum heat treatment
GB/T 25744 Metallographic examination for carburizing quenching and
tempering of steel parts
GB/T 27945.1 The management of hazardous solid wastes from heat
treatment salt - Part 1. General management
GB/T 27945.2 The management of hazardous solid wastes from heat
treatment salts - Part 2. Test method of extractives
GB/T 27945.3 The management of hazardous solid wastes from heat
treatment salts - Part 3. Method of innocent treatment
GB/T 30822 Environmental protection technical requirements for heat
treatment industry
GB/T 30825 Pyrometry for heat treatment
GB/T 32541 Quality control system for heat treatment
JB/T 6050 Generalization of hardness test for heat treated iron and steel
parts
JB/T 7530 General technical requirements for argon, nitrogen and hydrogen
gases used in heat treatment
JB/T 9209 Technical requirement of medium for thermo-chemical treatment
JB/T 9218 Non-destructive testing - Test method for penetrant testing
JB/T 10312 Steel-foil method for determination of carbon-potential of
carburizing atmospheres
JB/T 11078 Vacuum carburizing and post-quenching of steel part
JB/T 11809 Technical requirement of heat treatment for vacuum low pressure
carburizing furnace
SH/T 0553 Industrial propane, butane
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and conditions defined in GB/T
7232, GB/T 8121, GB/T 13324, GB/T 9452, GB/T 16923, GB/T 32541 and the
following apply.
4 Process classification and code
The process classification and code of carburizing and carbonitriding of steel
parts are in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 12603, and the specific
classification and code are shown in Table 1.
material gas is required to be stable, the gas atmosphere and carbon potential
shall be adjustable, and harmful impurities shall be less; the agent inlet shall be
not easily blocked. When the hot cracking gas of the organic liquid is used as
the raw material gas, it shall have less harmful impurities, be easy to crack, and
have good fluidity; the agent shall meet the requirements of JB/T 9209 and
SH/T 0553.
6.1.3 The vacuum carburizing equipment and vacuum carbonitriding equipment
shall meet the technical requirements specified in GB/T 22561 and JB/T 11809.
6.1.4 The ion carburizing equipment and ion carbonitriding equipment shall be
equipped with overheat protection device and arc discharge protection device,
which can adjust the vacuum degree and atmosphere to suit the processing
needs and can maintain stable glow discharge. To adjust the proportion of gas,
a gas flow meter shall be equipped.
6.1.5 The salt bath liquid carburizing or carbonitriding equipment shall not
cause corrosion or other harmful effects on the workpiece and the environment.
The salt attached to the workpiece shall be able to be removed. The salt bath
is required to have a small viscosity and evaporation amount within the
operating temperature range. The management and treatment of the salt bath
solid waste shall meet the requirements of GB/T 30822 and GB/T 27945.1,
GB/T 27945.2 and GB/T 27945.3.
6.1.6 The running speed of the workpiece in the continuous carburizing or
carbonitriding equipment shall be adjustable, so that the heating, holding and
cooling temperature and the holding time in each area shall meet the
requirements of the process.
6.2 Quenching heating equipment
6.2.1 According to the workpiece type and process requirements, reasonably
select the quenching heating equipment, which shall meet the relevant
requirements of GB/T 32541. The effective heating zone shall be measured
according to the method of GB/T 9452, and the temperature uniformity shall be
controlled within ±10 °C.
6.2.2 The composition of the furnace gas of the controllable atmosphere
quenching heating equipment shall meet the requirements of the quenching
process and shall be adjustable. The argon, nitrogen and hydrogen used in the
protective atmosphere heating equipment shall comply with the requirements
of JB/T 7530.
6.2.3 The flame of the fuel heating equipment shall not be in direct contact with
the workpiece.
6.4 Tempering heating equipment
According to the workpiece type, reasonably select the tempering heating
equipment. The effective heating zone shall be measured according to the
method of GB/T 9452, and the temperature uniformity shall be controlled within
±10 °C. Other requirements are as specified in 6.2.2 ~ 6.2.5.
6.5 Temperature measurement and control device
Each heating zone of the heating equipment shall be equipped with
temperature measurement and temperature control automatic recording
equipment, and shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 30825 and GB/T
32541.
6.6 Carbon potential measurement and control
The carbon potential measurement and control shall comply with the provisions
of GB/T 32541 and JB/T 10312. The oxygen potential shall be measured and
controlled using an oxygen probe and a carbon potential meter.
6.7 Maintenance of equipment
It shall prepare appropriate equipment operating procedures and maintenance
systems to maintain the normal performance of the equipment. It shall keep
relevant records in good condition.
7 Carburizing or carbonitriding, quenching and
tempering process and operating procedures
According to the characteristics of the workpiece to be processed (material,
status before processing and specifications), processing equipment used,
carburizing agent, carbonitriding agent, furnace loading requirements, heating
and cooling conditions, and whether subsequent processing is carried out, etc.
follow the following provisions and make reasonable heat treatment process
and operating procedures before operating.
7.1 Preparation before processing
7.1.1 Technical conditions of the workpiece to be processed
The layer surface hardness, the layer core hardness, the layer depth, the layer
structure, the core structure, and the distortion of the workpiece to be processed
shall all comply with the characteristics of the process of carburizing and
carbonitriding, quenching and tempering. The process specifications are
formulated according to the quality requirements of the workpiece to be
liquid carburizing, liquid carbonitriding shall be preheated. Vacuum carburizing
is carried out in accordance with the provisions of JB/T 11078.
7.2.4.4 After carburizing, if it is necessary to cool before quenching, the
appropriate cooling rate shall be used to make the temperature of each part of
the surface of the workpiece uniform. At the same time, it shall take measures
to avoid oxidation, decarburization and corrosion of the surface of the
workpiece.
7.2.5 Sample
The material grade, chemical composition and processing conditions of the
sample shall be the same as the workpiece; the size and form of the sample
shall reflect the characteristics of the workpiece, and the position of the sample
shall be representative. The sample can be divided into the furnace sample and
the process sample. The furnace sample is inspected after the workpiece is
processed to determine whether the microstructure and hardened layer of the
workpiece after carburizing or carbonitriding meet the requirements; the
process sample can be used to determine whether the process is normal during
carburizing or carbonitriding.
Periodic sampling inspection shall be carried out during the production process
of periodic furnace. Samples shall be verified during the production of
continuous furnace.
7.3 Quenching
7.3.1 When quenching, the surface of the workpiece shall not be decarburized,
and the heating temperature and holding time shall meet the technical
requirements.
7.3.2 The temperature of the workpiece at different positions in the furnace shall
be uniform.
7.3.3 Adjust the quenching cooling medium to the use temperature range.
7.3.4 Select the correct heating and cooling method.
7.3.5 Other technical requirements shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
16924.
7.4 Tempering
7.4.1 The temperature of each part of the workpiece shall be consistent when
heating.
7.4.2 After the workpiece is quenched, it shall be tempered in time, and the
evaluated according to the method of GB/T 25744. The grain size shall be
evaluated according to the method of GB/T 6394. The surface decarburization
shall be evaluated according to the method of GB/T 224. It shall also meet the
requirements of the technical documentation of the workpieces approved by
the relevant parties.
8.5 Distortion
Measure with appropriate instruments and gauges. The distortion of the
workpiece shall not affect its subsequent machining and use. The specific
distortion shall be determined by the entrusting and the entrusted parties.
9 Acceptance
At the time of acceptance, the inspection to the appearance, surface hardness,
hardened layer depth, microstructure and distortion of the processed
workpieces shall meet the requirements of Clause 8. The inspection of the
hardened layer depth allows for the use of similar samples of the same material.
The inspection of microstructure may be carried out by negotiation between the
entrusting and the entrusted parties.
10 Safety and health and labor protection requirements
The safety and health and labor protection requirements for carburizing and
carbonitriding, quenching and tempering shall comply with the relevant
provisions of GB 15735.
11 Energy consumption and environmental protection
requirements
The energy consumption of carburizing and carbonitriding, quenching and
tempering process shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/Z 18718,
GB/T 21736, GB/T 10201, GB/T 17358 and GB/T 19944. The environmental
protection technical requirements shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
30822.
12 Product report
The report shall include the following.
- name and figure number of the workpiece;
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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