GB/T 2423.61-2018 PDF in English
GB/T 2423.61-2018 (GB/T2423.61-2018, GBT 2423.61-2018, GBT2423.61-2018)
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Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test and guidance: Dust and sand test for large specimen
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 2423.61-2018
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GB/T 2423.61-2018: PDF in English (GBT 2423.61-2018) GB/T 2423.61-2018
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 19.040
K 04
Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test and
guidance: Dust and sand test for large specimen
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2018
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Test principle ... 4
4 Test methods ... 7
4.1 Test design ... 7
4.2 Test equipment requirements ... 7
4.3 Test conditions ... 8
4.4 Pretreatment ... 12
4.5 Initial testing ... 12
4.6 Test procedure ... 12
4.7 Intermediate testing ... 14
4.8 Recovery ... 14
4.9 Cleaning ... 14
4.10 Final testing ... 14
4.11 Information to be given by relevant specifications ... 14
Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test and
guidance: Dust and sand test for large specimen
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 2423 specifies a test method for the overall blowing of sand-dust on
large specimens.
This Part applies to the sand-dust test of large specimens, which are difficult to be
completed by the method in GB/T 2423.37. It includes but not limited to the following
products: Wind power generation equipment, solar power generation equipment in
desert areas, vehicles and outdoor equipment, etc.
This Part does not apply to the non-abrasive fine dust test and free fall test of large
specimens. For the non-abrasive fine dust test and free fall test method of large
specimens, it shall refer to GB/T 2423.37-2006. This test method is not applicable to
testing the air filters.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2423.37-2006 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part
2: Test methods - Test L: Dust and sand
3 Test principle
Due to the high cost and high energy consumption of large sand-dust wind tunnels, this
Part adopts the sand-dust effect simulation method, to assess the adaptability of the
product to the sand-dust environment, AND to evaluate the damage of the intrusion of
sand-dust on the product, such as wear and pollution. The principle of the test is to
expose the entire specimen or each sensitive part of the specimen or the parts, that need
to be examined, in turn, to the air flow containing sand-dust particles of a specified size,
to continuously monitor and control the concentration of sand-dust in the test area and
the movement of the air flow, thereby evaluating the effect of sand-dust environmental
conditions on large test specimens. The test results can provide the following
information:
- Dust intrusion into the shell;
- Changes in electrical properties, such as contact faults, contact resistance changes,
track resistance changes;
- Blocking, obstacles, etc. of moving parts, such as moving bearings and axles;
- Surface wear (corrosion);
- Contamination of the surface of optical instruments and active systems installed on
large specimens, as well as contamination of lubricants;
- The change of light transmittance, which is caused by the abrasion of the mirror
surface of optical glass products;
- Blockage of ventilation holes, casings, conduits, filters, holes, etc., on large
specimens;
- Contamination of occupant space;
- Influence on the heat dissipation of large specimens.
The test evaluation methods are divided into two types: Evaluation in closed space and
evaluation in open space. The evaluation method in the closed space can use the indoor
shelter-type large specimen sand-dust test device. The evaluation method in the open
space can use the outdoor open-type large specimen sand-dust test device; install the
specimen on the bracket; use the sand-dust generator and natural environment
conditions, in an open area, to carry out the test, wherein the temperature is not
controlled during the test. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a sand-dust test, using
an indoor shelter-type large specimen sand-dust test equipment. The test equipment can
freely lift and rotate the specimen, to conduct all-round tests on its 6 surfaces. Figure 2
shows a schematic diagram of a sand-dust test, using another mobile large specimen
sand-dust test equipment, for a fixed specimen. The test equipment can move along the
3 axes of the specimen, to realize point-by-point scanning sand-dust test, for the
specimen. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a sand-dust test, which is performed
in an open space, using a large specimen sand-dust test device.
4.3.8 Installation
During the enclosed space test, the specimen shall be installed on the mounting frame
of the test box (chamber), according to the relevant requirements. See Figure 1 and
Figure 2, for the installation method.
4.3.9 Severity
The severity is determined by the following parameters:
a) Sand-dust concentration (see 4.3.2);
b) Airflow velocity (see 4.3.3);
c) Duration of exposure (see 4.3.7);
d) Air pressure in the specimen: According to the relevant specifications:
1) Type 1: The pressure difference is 2 kPa (20 mbar), 5 kPa (50 mbar) or the
value specified in the relevant specifications;
2) Type 2: Standard atmospheric conditions.
4.4 Pretreatment
Relevant specifications may require pretreatment.
4.5 Initial testing
The installation of the specimen is carried out, in accordance with the relevant
specifications, for visual inspection of appearance, structure, function, performance
inspection.
4.6 Test procedure
4.6.1 Test steps in enclosed space
The test steps in enclosed space are as follows:
a) Place the specimen at room temperature (the temperature of the test chamber is
23 °C ± 2 °C), in the test box (chamber), according to the test requirements or
according to relevant provisions; adjust the relative humidity in the test box
(chamber), so that it is not more than 60%.
b) When the relative humidity in the test box (chamber) is stable, select the nozzle,
using the point-by-point step method or the continuous purging method.
The point-by-point step method refers to testing the sensitive parts on the specimen,
one by one until all the test parts are tested. The continuous purging method refers to
the continuous purging test, on a large test surface. The test duration shall be calculated,
according to the effective response area and the entire test area:
Where:
T - Total purge test duration;
W - Total test area;
S - Effective response area;
t - Specified test duration.
c) Adjust the position of the nozzle as relative to the part to be tested of the specimen,
so that the part to be tested of the specimen reaches the wind speed, which is
required by the test. In principle, the testing area of sand-dust flow velocity shall
be near the specimen.
d) Set the sand-dust concentration; inject the sand-dust.
e) Start the test, until all parts of the test are completed. The relevant specification
may require the specimen to be energized or operated, during the test.
f) The specimen remains in the test box (chamber), until all the sand-dust settles.
4.6.2 Test steps in open space
The test steps in open space are as follows:
a) It is carried out, under normal atmospheric environmental conditions and wind
speed; the ambient wind speed shall not greatly change the characteristics of the
sand-dust flow field, which is ejected from the nozzle.
b) Adjust the position of the sand-dust generator, as relative to the specimen or the
part to be tested, to make it reach the wind speed required by the test. In principle,
the testing area of sand-dust flow velocity shall be near the specimen.
c) Select the nozzle, using the point-by-point step method or continuous purging
method.
d) Set the sand-dust concentration; inject the sand-dust.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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