PDF GB/T 23479-2023 English (GB/T 23479.1-2009: Older version)
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Wind turbine - Doubly-fed induction generator
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Doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine -- Part 1: Technical conditions
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PDF Preview: GB/T 23479-2023
GB/T 23479-2023: PDF in English (GBT 23479-2023) GB/T 23479-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
CCS F 11
Replacing GB/T 23479.1-2009, GB/T 23479.2-2009
Wind Turbine - Doubly-fed Induction Generator
ISSUED ON: MAY 23, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 1, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 10
2 Normative References ... 10
3 Terms and Definitions ... 11
4 Symbols ... 12
5 Structural Type and Main Parameter Series ... 13
6 Technical Requirements ... 14
7 Test Methods ... 19
8 Inspection Rules ... 26
9 Warning Signs ... 28
10 Product Information ... 28
11 Packaging, Transportation and Storage ... 29
12 Environmental Protection ... 30
13 Safety ... 30
Wind Turbine - Doubly-fed Induction Generator
1 Scope
This document specifies the type, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules,
warning signs, product information, packaging, transportation and storage, environmental
protection and safety of low-voltage doubly-fed induction generator for grid-connected wind
turbines with a rated voltage of 1,140 V and below.
This document is applicable to low-voltage doubly-fed induction generator for grid-connected
wind turbines with a rated voltage of 1,140 V and below (hereinafter referred to as “the
generator”).
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial Marking for Handling of Goods
GB/T 755-2019 Rotating Electrical Machines - Rating and Performance
GB/T 997 Rotating Electrical Machines - Classification of Types of Construction, Mounting
Arrangements and Terminal Box Position for (IM Code)
GB/T 1029 Test Procedures for Three-phase Synchronous Machines
GB/T 1032-2012 Test Procedures for Three-phase Induction Motors
GB/T 1971 Rotating Electrical Machines - Terminal Markings and Direction of Rotation
GB/T 1993 Cooling Methods for Rotating Electrical Machines
GB/T 2900.25 Electrotechnical Terminology - Rotating Electrical Machines
GB/T 4942-2021 Degrees of Protection Provided by the Integral Design of Rotating Electrical
Machines (IP code) - Classification
GB/T 10068 Mechanical Vibration of Certain Machines with Shaft Heights 56 mm and Higher
- Measurement, Evaluation and Limits of Vibration Severity
GB/T 10069.1 Measurement of the Airborne Noise Emitted by Rotating Electrical Machines
and the Noise Limits - Part 1: Method for the Measurement of Airborne Noise Emitted by
Udc: DC bus voltage, V.
Ur: operating voltage of the rotor, V.
U0: no-load stator voltage, V.
Ur0: rotor locked open-circuit voltage, V.
: efficiency, %.
5 Structural Type and Main Parameter Series
5.1 Structural Type
5.1.1 The protection degree of the enclosure of the generator shall not be lower than IP54
specified in GB/T 4942-2021. Under special circumstances, it may be determined by the
generator manufacturer and the user through consultation. The protection degree of the junction
box shall not be lower than IP54 specified in GB/T 4942-2021, and a ground terminal shall be
provided in the junction box. The protection degree of the slip ring chamber of the generator
shall not be lower than IP23.
5.1.2 The cooling mode of the generator shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 1993. The
cooling mode beyond the scope specified in the Standard shall be determined by the generator
manufacturer and the user through consultation. The primary or secondary cooling medium
shall not cause harm to the product or the surrounding environment. If liquid cooling is adopted,
there shall be no leakage and corrosion, etc.
5.1.3 The stator winding and rotor winding leading-out terminals and the connecting terminals
in the junction box shall all have corresponding signs, and it shall be ensured that their writing
is clearly visible throughout the generator’s period of use. The generator wire-end markings
and rotation directions shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 1971, or be determined by
the generator manufacturer and the user through consultation.
5.1.4 The structure and installation type of the generator shall comply with the stipulations of
GB/T 997. The structure and installation type beyond the scope specified in the Standard shall
be determined by the generator manufacturer and the user through consultation.
5.1.5 An electric heating device shall be installed inside the generator. The power selection of
the electric heating device is based on JB/T 7836.1.
5.1.6 The generator shall be equipped with a stator winding temperature sensor, bearing
temperature sensor and carbon brush wear sensor to monitor the operating status of the
generator. If other types of sensors need to be added, this shall be determined by the generator
manufacturer and the user through consultation.
5.1.7 An oil filling structure shall be set up for the lubrication of the generator bearings, and the
filling mode shall be determined by the generator manufacturer and the user through
c) The maximum water temperature at the inlet of the water-cooling cooler or the
maximum ambient water temperature of the water jacket-cooling motor does not
exceed 40 C;
d) Relative air humidity: the monthly average maximum relative humidity in the wettest
month is 90% (the monthly average minimum temperature in that month is not higher
than 25 C).
6.1.2 Electrical operating conditions
6.1.2.1 The generator shall be able to normally operate under the following electrical conditions:
a) Under the grid conditions of rated voltage tolerance and rated frequency tolerance
specified in GB/T 19963.1, the generator shall be able to normally operate;
b) For motors with Type II insulation structure in accordance with GB/T 22720.2 and
designed to be powered by voltage source converters, the manufacturer shall mark the
pulse peak coefficient (OF) of the insulation structure in accordance with GB/T
22720.1; the phase-to-phase should satisfy the pulse voltage level (Up/Ua) C, and the
phase-to-ground should satisfy level (Up/Ua) B, or the level agreed between the
manufacturer and the user.
NOTE: when a generator needs to operate beyond one or more of the above-mentioned limit
conditions, its special requirements can be determined by the generator manufacturer and
the user through consultation.
6.1.2.2 The generator shall be able to withstand the unit requirements specified in GB/T 19963.1,
and continuously operate without disconnecting from the grid.
6.2 Basic Performance
6.2.1 The generator shall be manufactured in accordance with the drawings and technical
documents approved by the prescribed procedures.
6.2.2 The appearance and installation dimensions of the generator shall comply with the
requirements of the outline drawings agreed with the user.
6.2.3 When the generator is idling, it shall be smooth, flexible and without stagnation.
6.3 Temperature and Temperature Rise Limit
6.3.1 During the temperature rise test of the generator, the temperature detection of the stator
winding shall adopt the embedded thermometer method (ETD) and the resistance method (R),
and the temperature detection of the rotor winding shall adopt the resistance method (R). For
the temperature rise limit, see GB/T 755-2019. Under non-benchmark operating conditions
beyond what is specified in this document, the temperature rise limit shall be corrected in
accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 755-2019. When the altitude exceeds the requirements
of this document, it shall be corrected in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 31140.
6.3.2 The temperature rise or temperature of the collector ring, electric brush or brush device
shall not affect its normal operation.
6.3.3 When measured using the embedded thermometer method (ETD), the operating
temperature of the rolling bearings shall not be higher than 95 C.
6.4 Characteristics
6.4.1 System information exchange
The designers of the generator and the converter shall provide each other with relevant
information as follows:
---The generator designer shall provide the converter designer with the rated parameters
and equivalent circuit parameters of the generator;
---The converter designer shall provide the generator designer with the maximum voltage,
maximum current, voltage harmonics, switching frequency, DC bus voltage, phase-to-
ground peak voltage at the motor end, phase-to-phase peak-to-peak voltage, sudden
changes of voltage expected to appear at the motor end, and impulse rise times of the
converter, etc.
This information is necessary to ensure that the generator complies with the user’s requirements
and comprehensively evaluate the interaction effect between the generator and the converter.
6.4.2 Reference temperature
When the generator adopts Class F insulation, all its characteristics are plotted when the
winding reference temperature is 115 C.
When the generator adopts Class H insulation, all its characteristics are plotted when the
winding reference temperature is 135 C. This temperature shall be indicated on the
characteristic curve.
6.4.3 Generator characteristics
The specified characteristics of the generator refer to the relation curve among the total active
power of the generator (Pe), the active power of the stator (Ps), the active power of the rotor
(Pr), the reactive power of the rotor (Qr), the stator current (Is), the operating voltage of the rotor
(Ur), the rotor current (Ir), as well as the efficiency () and rotation speed (n) when the motor
rotor winding is power by the converter, and maintains the rated voltage, rated frequency and
rated power factor. The characteristic curve shall be measured within the entire operating speed
range (nmin ~ nmax) when the generator is in a thermal state and after the temperature rise test of
the generator.
6.5 Tolerances
6.5.1 No-load current tolerance
alternating current for a duration of 1 minute, and there shall be no breakdown or flashover.
The test shall be immediately carried out after the exit-factory test is completed. The effective
value of the stator test voltage is 2UN + 1,000 V, with a minimum of 1,500 V; the effective value
of the rotor test voltage is 2Udc + 1,000 V.
6.10.2 Interturn withstand voltage
6.10.2.1 The random-wound winding shall be able to withstand the interturn insulation impulse
voltage test without breakdown for 3 seconds. The peak value of the impulse test voltage shall
comply with the stipulations of GB/T 22719.2.
6.10.2.2 The form-wound winding shall be able to withstand the interturn insulation impulse
voltage test without breakdown for 3 seconds. The peak value of the impulse test voltage shall
comply with the stipulations of GB/T 22714.
6.11 Short-time Voltage Increase
The generator shall be able to withstand a short-time voltage increase test without manifesting
any fault. During the test, adjust the generator stator voltage to 1.3 times the rated voltage, and
the frequency shall not be lower than the power frequency for a duration of 3 minutes, and the
insulation shall not be damaged.
6.12 Harmonic Waves
6.12.1 Under the no-load operating status of the generator, and at the rated rotation speed, power
is supplied through the rotor sinusoidal voltage and rated slip frequency. The total harmonic
distortion (THD) of the stator line end voltage of the generator shall not exceed 5%, and the
frequency measurement range shall include all harmonic waves from the rated frequency to the
50th harmonic wave.
6.12.2 Under the rated operating conditions and power supplied by the converter (the waveform
distortion rate on the motor side is less than or equal to 3%), the harmonic current factor HCF
for the determination of the stator line end current of the generator shall not exceed 5%. The
frequency measurement range shall include all harmonic waves from the 2nd harmonic wave to
the 50th harmonic wave.
6.13 Noise
When the generator operates under the condition of short-circuited rotor winding and power
frequency no-load motor, the cooler normally works, measure the noise in the specified rotation
direction. The noise limits of the generator shall satisfy the stipulations of GB/T 10069.3.
6.14 Vibration
When the generator is installed on the test bench and operates under the condition of short-
circuited rotor winding and power frequency no-load motor, and the cooler normally works, the
limits of the vibration speed and displacement shall satisfy the stipulations of GB/T 10068.
6.15 Efficiency
The efficiency of the generator under the rated operating conditions shall be greater than or
equal to 96%.
6.16 Other Requirements
6.16.1 The generator shall be insulated with insulated bearings or end covers, and the generator
shaft shall be equipped with a single-ended or double-ended grounding device, so as to reduce
the adverse impact of shaft current on the bearings.
6.16.2 The difference between the three-phase resistance value and the average value of the
three-phase resistance shall not be greater than 2% of the average value for star-connected
windings; and shall not be greater than 1.5% of the average value for delta-connected windings.
6.16.3 For grounding protection, refer to the requirements of 11.1 in GB/T 755-2019.
6.16.4 The anti-corrosion of the generator shall not be lower than the requirements of C3 in
GB/T 30790.5-2014.
7 Test Methods
7.1 Test Requirements
7.1.1 The power supply circuit shall comply with the requirements of 7.2.2 in GB/T 755-2019.
7.1.2 The converters used for the test shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 25388.1.
7.1.3 The measuring instruments used for the test shall comply with the requirements of 4.3 in
GB/T 1032-2012.
7.2 Test Items and Methods
7.2.1 Mechanical and electrical inspection
The mechanical and electrical inspection includes the following content:
a) Appearance inspection;
b) Rotating rotor, which shall be smooth, flexible and without stagnation;
c) When the electric brush and collector ring are running, check for spark, and the
contact area shall not be less than 80%;
d) Detection of sensor status;
e) Detection of generator phase sequence;
7.2.8 Determination of rotor open-circuit voltage
The following two methods can be used for determination:
a) When the rotor is stationary and in an open circuit, adjust the stator side voltage
regulator, so that the rotor voltage gradually rises to the rated voltage (UN) of the
generator, then, measure and record the stator voltage, and convert it to the
corresponding rotor open-circuit voltage when it is under the rated voltage;
b) The rotor is in an open circuit, tow the generator to 0.8 times ~ 0.9 times the rated
speed, adjust the voltage regulator, so that the stator voltage gradually increases from
0 V to the rated voltage, then, measure and record the rotor line voltage, and convert
it to the corresponding rotor open-circuit voltage in the stationary state.
7.2.9 Short-time voltage increase test
The generator shall be able to withstand a short-time voltage increase test without any fault.
The following two methods can be used for the test.
a) During the test, the generator rotor winding is short-circuited and operates under the
condition of power frequency no-load motor. The externally applied voltage is 1.3
times the power frequency rated voltage for a duration of 3 minutes, and the insulation
shall be undamaged.
b) Under the no-load generator operating conditions, the rotor of the generator under test
is excited by an independent three-phase sinusoidal AC power supply. Adjust the
generator stator voltage to 1.3 times the rated voltage; the stator voltage frequency
shall not be lower than the power frequency for a duration of 3 minutes, and the
insulation shall be undamaged. When increasing the generator voltage to 1.3 times
the rated voltage, it is allowed to simultaneously increase the rotation speed and rotor
excitation current, but it shall not exceed the maximum operating speed (nmax), and
the rotor excitation current shall not exceed the allowable limit.
7.2.10 Interturn withstand voltage test
For random-wound windings, the withstand voltage test shall be carried out in accordance with
the stipulations of GB/T 22719.1.
For form-wound windings, the withstand voltage test shall be carried out in accordance with
the stipulations of GB/T 22714.
7.2.11 Determination of shaft voltage
7.2.11.1 When the generator rotor winding is short-circuited and operates under the condition
of power frequency no-load motor, the determination of the shaft voltage shall be carried out in
accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 1032-2012.
7.2.11.2 When the generator is under doubly-fed operation, the determination of the shaft
voltage is determined by the generator manufacturer and the user through consultation.
7.2.12 Determination of harmonic voltage and current
7.2.12.1 Under the no-load generator state and at the rated speed, determine the total harmonic
distortion (THD) of the stator line end voltage of the generator. The frequency measurement
range shall include all harmonic waves from the rated frequency to the 50th harmonic wave.
7.2.12.2 Under the rated operating conditions, determine the stator line end current harmonic
current factor (HCF) of the generator. The frequency measurement range shall include all
harmonic waves from the 2nd harmonic wave to the 50th harmonic wave.
7.2.13 Overspeed test
Carry out the test in accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 1032-2012.
7.2.14 Ground withstand voltage test
7.2.14.1 The ground withstand voltage test shall be carried out after all tests are completed.
7.2.14.2 Between the winding under test and the generator enclosure, apply the test voltage,
and the other non-test windings and PT100 shall be electrically connected to the core and
enclosure. During the test, all components of the generator shall be installed in place (except
the lightning arrester), just like under normal operating conditions.
7.2.14.3 The test voltage shall be power frequency voltage and be as clos to a sinusoidal
waveform as possible.
7.2.14.4 The test shall start from no more than half of the full value of the test voltage, then,
uniformly or in steps of no more than 5% of the full value, gradually increase to the full value.
The time for the voltage to increase from half the value to the full value shall not be less than
10 seconds.
7.2.14.5 This test is only performed on new motors that have been assembled. During
acceptance inspection, the windings shall not be repeatedly subjected to the withstand voltage
test of full voltage. However, when the user insists on conducting the second test, the test
voltage shall be 80% of the full value.
7.2.15 Vibration determination
The generator is installed on the test bench and operates under the condition of short-circuited
rotor winding and power frequency no-load motor, and the cooler normally works, the rest shall
comply with the stipulations of GB/T 10068.
7.2.16 Noise determination
The generator is installed on the test bench and operates under the condition of short-circuited
rotor winding and power frequency no-load motor, and the cooler normally works, the rest shall
9 Warning Signs
Users shall be reminded of the warning content of the product during operation. The
manufacturer shall set warning signs in prominent positions on the product and ensure that they
are clearly visible throughout the generator’s period of use. All contents of safety and warnings
shall be re-stated in the user manual.
10 Product Information
10.1 Markings
10.1.1 The product nameplate shall contain at least the following content:
a) Manufacturer’s name;
b) Product name, model and main product parameters specified by the manufacturer;
c) Enclosure protection degree;
d) Mass;
e) Product No. and exit-factory date.
10.1.2 The main parameters of the product include rated voltage, rated current of the stator,
winding wiring mode, insulation class, frequency, rotation speed range, rated rotation speed,
rated power factor and rotor open-circuit voltage.
10.1.3 The nameplate shall be fixed in a prominent position on the generator enclosure and shall
be easily visible when the generator is installed in the engine room. The specific position can
be determined by the generator manufacturer and the user through consultation.
10.2 Document Configuration
The following documents shall be provided to the user before the generator exits the factory.
a) Product user manual (operation and maintenance instructions), which shall at least
include the following content:
1) The specifications, upon which, the product is designed;
2) Product performance parameters;
3) Operation, inspection and maintenance procedures;
4) Recommended on-site inspection and maintenance frequency, methods and
acceptance rules;
5) Precautions for use;
6) How to deal with common problems;
7) List of wearing parts, spare parts, accessories and special tools;
8) Other matters that need to be informed.
b) Product certificate.
c) Generator packaging and shipping list.
In addition, if the client needs wind turbine generator product certification, the generator
manufacturer shall also provide corresponding generator certification documents, information
and certification certificates, etc.
11 Packaging, Transportation and Storage
The packaging, transportation and storage need to satisfy the following requirements:
a) When packing, each generator shall be accompanied by a product certificate, and
generator outline drawings and user manuals can also be provided as needed;
b) When packaging the product, anti-rust and protective measures shall be taken for the
shaft extension and other components, which shall not be affected by moisture, stains
or damage due to poor packaging;
c) The pictorial markings the packaging, storage and transportation of the generators
shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 191;
d) When the generator is separately transported or lifted, the rotor and stator shall be
relatively fixed, so as to prevent the rotor from moving;
e) When the generator is installed on the frame and transported in a group, the demand-
side and supply-side shall negotiate to determine a scheme to prevent the rotor from
axially moving;
f) When storing the product, it shall be stably placed in a dry and clean place without
acid, alkali and corrosive gases. No other items shall be placed on the product;
g) The ambient temperature for generator storage shall not be lower than 40 C;
h) When the generator has been stored for more than 2 months, the rotor shall be rotated
to ensure that the bearings are in good condition.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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