GB/T 21977-2022 PDF English
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Camel hair
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| GB/T 21977-2008 | English | 519 |
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Camel wool
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GB/T 21977-2022: Camel hair---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT21977-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.060.10
CCS W 10
Replacing GB/T 21977-2008
Camel hair
骆驼绒
Issued on: JULY 11, 2022
Implemented on: FEBRUARY 01, 2023
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Technical requirements... 7
5 Test methods... 9
6 Sampling methods and inspection rules... 18
7 Inspection reports... 21
8 Packaging, marking, storage, transportation... 21
Camel hair
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules,
packaging, marking, storage and transportation of camel hair.
This document applies to raw camel hair, scoured camel hair and dehaired camel hair.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6500 Test method for moisture regain of hair fibers - Oven method
GB/T 6529 Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB/T 6977 Test method for ethanol extractives, ash, vegetable matter, total alkali-
insoluble impurities in scoured wool
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgement
of limiting values
GB/T 10685 Wool - Determination of fiber diameter - Projection microscope method
GB/T 21030 Test method for the mean and distribution of fibre diameter of wool and
other animal fibre - Optical fibre diameter analyser (OFDA)
GB/T 35935 Measurement of the mean and distribution of animal fibre diameter –
Laser scan fibre diameter analysis method
GB/T 40826 Test method for hand-arranging staple length of dehaired cashmere -
Flatbed scanner method
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
camel hair
Fluff fibers produced from camels.
NOTE. It includes raw camel hair, scoured camel hair and dehaired camel hair, of which the fibers
with a diameter of 40 μm or less are considered to be down fibers.
3.2
raw camel hair
Unprocessed camel hair fibers that naturally fall off from camels and are collected.
3.3
scoured camel hair
Camel hair obtained from raw camel hair after being scoured to meet certain quality
requirements.
3.4
dehaired camel hair
Camel hair that has been scoured and industrially dehaired to remove a large amount of
coarse hair and foreign matters.
3.5
coarse camel hair
Fibers with a diameter of more than 40 μm in camel hair.
3.6
heterotypical camel hair
Fibers with a diameter of 40 μm or less at one end and a diameter of more than 40 μm
at the other end in camel hair fibers.
NOTE. Fibers with a diameter of 40 μm or less at one end and a length exceeding half of the total
length of the fiber are regarded as down hair (fiber).
3.7
mane on upper legs, neck-to-chin and shoulders
Coarse and long hair fibers collected from the upper legs, upper and lower edges of the
neck and the peak of camels.
3.8
coarse camel hair content
Percentage of the mass of fibers with a diameter greater than 40 μm (including
heterotypical camel hair with a diameter greater than 40 μm at one end and a length
greater than half of the total fiber length) in dehaired camel hair to the total mass.
3.9
foreign content
Percentage of the mass of dandruff, soil, sand, plant matter and other foreign matters
picked out by physical methods to the total mass of camel hair samples.
3.10
short camel hair content
Percentage of the mass of fibers with a length of 20 mm in scoured camel hair to the
total number of fibers.
3.11
yield
Percentage of the conditioned weight of raw camel hair after scouring to the mass of
raw camel hair.
3.12
pure camel hair content
Percentage of the mass of raw camel hair after scouring, drying and removing coarse
hair and foreign matters, or the mass of scoured camel hair after removing coarse hair
and foreign matters and corrected by the conventional moisture regains and
conventional oil content, to the mass of raw camel hair/scoured camel hair.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Raw camel hair
4.1.1 See Table 1 for the requirements for technical indicators of raw camel hair.
my - the specimen after opening, in grams (g).
The average value of the 2 portions of specimens is taken as the test result. When the
absolute difference between the 2 portions of specimens exceeds 3 %, a third portion of
specimen shall be tested, and the average value of the 3 portions of specimens is taken
as the final result. The calculated result is rounded off to two decimal places.
5.1.5 Pure camel hair content of raw camel hair
5.1.5.1 From the sample that have dried to absolute dry mass after the yield test, quickly
and randomly select 3 portions of pure camel hair content specimens at multiple points,
each weighing about 5 g, recorded as mw, to the nearest 0.01 g, of which 2 portions are
used for parallel tests and 1 portion is a reserve specimen. Use tweezers to pick out
coarse camel hair (including heterotypical camel hair) and foreign matters in the
specimens to obtain pure camel hair, dry the pure camel hair to absolute dryness, weigh
the absolute dry mass of the pure camel hair, recorded as mp, to the nearest 0.0001 g.
5.1.5.2 The pure camel hair content of raw camel hair is calculated according to formula
(4).
where.
B - the pure camel hair content of raw camel hair, %;
mp - the absolute dry mass of pure camel hair, in grams (g);
Je - the measured oil content of pure camel hair, %;
JP - the conventional oil content of dehaired camel cashmere (JP = 1.0), %;
mw - the mass of the specimen of scoured camel hair, in grams (g);
Y - the yield of raw camel hair, %．
5.1.5.3 The average value of the pure camel hair contents of the 2 portions of specimens
is taken as the test result. When the absolute difference between the 2 portions of
specimens exceeds 3 %, a third portion of specimen shall be tested, and the average
value of the 3 portions of specimens is taken as the final result. The calculated result is
rounded off to two decimal places.
5.2 Test methods for scoured camel hair
5.2.1 Test method for pure camel hair content of scoured camel hair
5.2.1.1 Randomly take 3 portions of scoured camel hair samples at multiple points,
about 5 g per portion, to the nearest 0.01 g, of which 2 portions are used for parallel
tests and 1 portion is a reserve specimen. Use tweezers to pick out coarse camel hair
(including heterotypical camel hair) and foreign matters in the specimens to obtain pure
camel hair, dry the pure camel hair to absolute dryness, weigh the absolute dry mass of
the pure camel hair, to the nearest 0.0001 g.
5.2.1.2 The pure camel hair content of scoured camel hair is calculated according to
formula (5).
where.
A - the pure camel hair content of scoured camel hair, %;
mp - the absolute dry mass of pure camel hair, in grams (g);
Je - the measured oil content of pure camel hair, %;
RP - the conventional moisture regains of dehaired camel hair (RP = 15), %;
JP - the conventional oil content of dehaired camel hair (JP = 1.0), %;
mw - the mass of the specimen of scoured camel hair, in grams (g).
5.2.1.3 The average value of the 2 portions of specimens is taken as the test result. When
the absolute difference between the 2 portions of specimens exceeds 3 %, a third portion
of specimen shall be tested, and the average value of the 3 portions of specimens is
taken as the final result. The calculation result is rounded off to two decimal places.
5.2.2 Average length and short camel hair content
5.2.2.1 Specimen preparation. After the sample is fully mixed, randomly extract fibers
from multiple points on the front and back sides, mix them thoroughly and divide them
into 3 portions, of which 2 portions are used for parallel tests and 1 portion is a reserve
specimen.
5.2.2.2 Arrangement of diagram. Arrange the extracted fiber specimens into a small hair
bundle with one end flat, hold the flat end of the small hair bundle with one hand, stick
the other end to the fiber board and press the end with the thumb of the other hand, pull
the fibers out of the hair bundle from long to short and arrange them on the fiber board
from long to short, and evenly arrange the fiber specimens into a length distribution
diagram with a bottom length of 250 mm ± 10 mm and uniform fiber distribution, as
shown in Figure 1.
5.2.3 Average diameter
According to 5.1.2.
5.2.4 Oil content
According to GB/T 6977.
5.3 Test methods for dehaired camel hair
5.3.1 Average diameter
According to 5.1.2.
5.3.2 Average length
According to 5.2.2.
5.3.3 Oil content
According to GB/T 6977.
5.3.4 Moisture regains
According to GB/T 6500.
5.3.5 Coarse camel hair content and foreign content
5.3.5.1 Specimen weighing and testing
Take 3 portions of specimens, each weighing about 5 g, of which 2 portions are test
specimens and 1 portion is a reserve specimen, to the nearest 0.01 g. Place the
specimens on a fiber board with a large color contrast with the tested fiber, use tweezers
to pick out the coarse hair (including heterotypical camel hair) and foreign matters
(including dandruff), and weigh them separately, to the nearest 0.0001 g.
5.3.5.2 Calculation of coarse camel hair content
The coarse camel hair content is calculated according to formula (10).
where.
BBC - the coarse camel hair content, %;
mc - the mass of coarse camel hair (including heterotypical camel hair), in grams (g);
m - the mass of the specimen, in grams (g).
5.3.5.3 Calculation of foreign content
The foreign content is calculated according to formula (11).
where.
Baz - the foreign content, %;
ms - the mass of foreign matters, in grams (g);
m - the mass of the specimen, in grams (g).
5.4 Conditioned weight test
5.4.1 The conditioned weight of pure camel hair of raw camel hair is calculated
according to formula (12).
where.
mg - the conditioned weight of pure camel hair of raw camel hair, in kilograms (kg);
MN - the total net weight of raw camel hair in the inspection batch, in kilograms (kg);
B - the pure camel hair content of raw camel hair, %.
5.4.2 The conditioned weight of pure camel hair of scoured camel hair is calculated
according to formula (13).
where.
mx - the conditioned weight of pure camel hair of scoured camel hair, in kilograms
(kg);
mj - the net weight of scoured camel hair in the inspection batch, in kilograms (kg);
A - the pure camel hair content of scoured camel hair, %.
5.4.3 The conditioned weight of dehaired camel hair is calculated according to formula
(14).
Inspection is carried out in batches.
7 Inspection reports
7.1 The inspection report of raw camel hair includes. product name, number of
packages, quality, origin, inspection items, inspection results and inspection basis.
7.2 The inspection report of scoured camel hair includes. product name, batch number,
number of packages, quality, processing unit, inspection items, inspection results and
inspection basis.
7.3 The inspection report of dehaired camel hair includes. product name, batch number,
number of packages, quality, processing unit, inspection items, inspection results and
inspection basis.
8 Packaging, marking, storage, transportation
8.1 Packaging
Packaging shall be easy to manage, store and transport, and ensure that its quality is not
affected. Packaging materials shall be ventilated, breathable and moisture-proof, and
avoid mixing of foreign fibers. The standard weight of each package of dehaired camel
hair is 75 kg ± 5 kg, and the overall dimensions are 800 mm × 600 mm × 400 mm. If
the purchaser has special requirements, the supplier and purchaser shall negotiate on
their own.
8.2 Marking
8.2.1 Each package of camel hair shall be marked. The handwriting of the mark shall
be eye-catching, clear and durable.
8.2.2 The mark of camel hair includes the following contents. product name, origin,
grade, gross weight, net weight, package number and delivery unit.
8.2.3 The mark of scoured camel hair includes the following contents. product name,
batch number, model, gross weight, net weight, package number and delivery unit.
8.2.4 The mark of dehaired camel hair includes the following contents. product name,
batch number, grade, gross weight, net weight, package number and delivery unit.
8.3 Storage
8.3.1 Camel hair shall be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse. The hair packages
shall not be in direct contact with the ground and shall not be contaminated.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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