GB/T 21268-2014 PDF in English
GB/T 21268-2014 (GB/T21268-2014, GBT 21268-2014, GBT21268-2014)
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General technical conditions for garden patrol minibus
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General technical conditions for garden patrol minibus
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GB/T 21268-2014: PDF in English (GBT 21268-2014) GB/T 21268-2014
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.200.40
Y 57
Replacing GB/T 21268-2007
General technical conditions for garden patrol minibus
ISSUED ON. MAY 06, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON. MAY 06, 2014
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and definitions ... 8
4 Model representation ... 9
5 Technical requirements ... 10
5.1 Basic requirements ... 10
5.2 Requirements for structural dimensions and performance parameters ... 11
5.3 Vehicle body ... 13
5.4 Instruments, tell-tales and lighting devices ... 14
5.5 Braking system ... 15
5.6 Transmission system ... 16
5.7 Power system ... 16
5.8 Operating system... 17
5.9 Steering system ... 17
5.10 Electrical system ... 18
5.11 Static lateral stability of sightseeing vehicles ... 19
5.12 Limited driving distance ... 19
5.13 Environmental protection ... 19
5.14 Fire protection requirements ... 20
5.15 Overall machine performance item ... 20
6 Test methods ... 20
6.1 Preparation before the test ... 20
6.2 Pre-test inspection ... 21
6.3 Measurement of structural dimensions of sightseeing vehicles ... 21
6.4 Measurement of sightseeing vehicle mass parameters ... 22
6.5 Static lateral stability test ... 23
6.6 Steering performance test ... 23
6.7 Maximum driving speed test for each gear ... 24
6.8 Dynamic performance test ... 25
6.9 Limited driving distance ... 26
6.10 Braking performance test ... 27
6.11 Noise test ... 28
6.12 Paint adhesion ... 28
6.13 Insulation resistance ... 28
6.14 Signage inspection ... 28
6.15 Emission test ... 28
6.16 Seat occupant protection device test ... 28
6.19 200h reliability enhancement test ... 29
7 Inspection rules ... 31
7.1 Exit-factory inspection... 31
7.2 Type inspection ... 32
7.3 Number of vehicle samples under test ... 32
7.4 Result assessment ... 32
8 Markings, accompanied documents, transport, storage ... 32
8.1 Markings ... 33
8.2 Accompanied documents and accessories ... 33
8.3 Transport ... 33
8.4 Storage ... 33
9 Quality assurance period ... 34
10 Standard implementation... 34
Appendix A (Normative) Fault judgment ... 35
Appendix B (Normative) Outside and ear side noise test methods of sightseeing
vehicle in constant driving ... 36
Appendix C (Normative) Fiber reinforced plastic test method ... 39
References ... 41
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 21268-2007 “General technical conditions for
garden patrol minibus”. As compared with GB/T 21268-2007, the main changes
of this standard are as follows.
- MODIFY the definition of 3.1 “Garden patrol minibus” in “Terms and
definitions”.
- In “Terms and definitions”, ADD “3.5 Limited driving distance”.
- MODIFY the model representation method.
- ADD the requirements for label content in 5.1.2.
- MODIFY the requirements for mass of members in 5.1.6, 5.3.1d) and 6.1.7.
- MODIFY the requirements for reliability test time and mean time between
failures in 5.1.7, 6.19, and 7.4.4.
- MODIFY the calculation method of the passing angles in 5.2.1 and 6.3.2.
- ADD the requirements for seat width in 5.2.1 and 6.3.2.
- MODIFY the judgment requirements of the prototype machine quality in
5.2.2.
- MODIFY the requirements for the maximum speed limit of patrol minibus in
5.2.3.
- ADD the requirements for seat strength in 5.3.1.
- ADD the requirements for patrol minibus license plate in 5.3.8.
- ADD the requirements for frame rust treatment in 5.3.9.
- MODIFY the version numbers and reference clauses of the reference
standard GB 7258 in 5.3.4, 5.3.5, 5.5.3, 5.6.2, and 5.14.3.
- ADD the requirements for fiber reinforced glass in 5.3.11 and 6.18.
- MODIFY the reference standard for brake requirements in 5.5.1.
- DELETE the requirements for the compartment quality of sightseeing
combination train in 5.5.2, 5.5.7, and 5.7.4 of the original standards.
General technical conditions for garden patrol minibus
1 Scope
This standard specifies the scope of application, terms and definitions, models,
basic parameters, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, markings,
accompanied files and accessories, transport, storage, and quality assurance
period of garden patrol minibus (hereinafter referred to as sightseeing vehicles).
This standard applies to garden patrol minibus and sightseeing combination
trains (hereinafter referred to as sightseeing vehicles) that are driven by internal
combustion engines, electric motors or alternately driven by the two. Other
vehicles of the same type (such as hunting vehicles, etc.) can refer to it for
implementation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 1446 Fiber-reinforced plastics composites - The generals
GB/T 1771 Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to neutral salt
spray (fog)
GB/T 2573 Test method for aging properties of glass fiber reinforced plastics
GB 3847-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from
C.I.E. (Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E.
GB/T 4094 Electric vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB 4208-2008 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 4942.1-2006 Degrees of protection provided by the integral design of
rotating electrical machined (IP code) - Classification
GB 7258-2012 Safety specifications for power-driven vehicles operating on
roads
GB 8410 Flammability of automotive interior materials
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Basic requirements
5.1.1 Sightseeing vehicles shall be manufactured in accordance with drawings
and technical documents approved by the stipulated procedures.
5.1.2 Sightseeing vehicles are marked on the signboard with durable materials
and clear lettering in the obvious position.
a) Internal combustion sightseeing vehicle.
1) Manufacturer name;
2) Product name and model number;
3) Manufacturing date or product number;
4) Overall vehicle mass;
5) Maximum capacity. rated number of passengers (including driver);
6) Maximum operating speed at full load;
7) Manufacturing license number;
8) Special equipment code.
b) In addition to the above, the electric sightseeing vehicle shall also include.
1) The rated voltage and capacity of the battery in the electrical system;
2) Motor power.
5.1.3 The technical condition of the sightseeing vehicle body shall ensure that
the driver has normal working conditions and passenger safety, and can provide
a good sightseeing vision.
5.1.4 The exposed surface of a sightseeing vehicle shall be beautiful and
smooth. Paint shall be uniform and there shall be no defects such as cracks,
build-up, peeling, and foaming. The film adhesion shall not be lower than the
quality requirements of level 2 of GB/T 9286-1998. All glass steel reinforced
sightseeing vehicles have no requirements for paint film adhesion. For spraying
plasticity or adhesive plasticity, it shall also pass the salt spray test in
accordance with GB/T 1771.
5.1.5 The design of the markings for sightseeing vehicle control parts, indicators
when the floor of the vehicle is higher than 450 mm above the ground, the step
entrance may be set by steps. The height of the first step from the ground shall
not exceed 450 mm, and the height between other steps shall not exceed 350
mm.
5.3.4 When the sightseeing vehicle is equipped with front windscreen, the front
windscreen wipers shall meet the requirements of clause 12.3 in GB 7258-2012.
5.3.5 Sightseeing vehicles shall be provided with a rearview mirror on the left
and right sides. Rearview mirrors shall meet the requirements of 12.2.1, 12.2.2,
12.2.5 and 12.2.6 of GB 7258-2012.
5.3.6 Sightseeing vehicles may be equipped with windproof and rainproof
devices that can be easily disassembled.
5.3.7 Inside and outside of the vehicle body, any parts and components that the
occupant may touch shall not have any sharp projections (such as sharp
corners, sharp edges, burrs, etc.) that may cause injury to the human body.
5.3.8 Sightseeing vehicles shall have the location for the installation of the front
and rear license plates.
5.3.9 The surface of the sightseeing vehicle frame shall be subject to anti-rust
treatment before installation.
5.3.10 Wheels shall not extend beyond the body of the vehicle, to avoid injury
to occupants due to objects thrown off by the wheel’s centrifugal force (dirt,
stones, etc.).
5.3.11 The surface of fiber reinforced plastic used in sightseeing vehicles shall
be smooth, uniform in color, and shall have no defects such as wrinkles, cracks,
particles, flowing glue, peeling of resin, exposed fibers and surface stickiness.
The selected fiber reinforced plastic products shall be confirmed to have
resistance to salt mist, damp heat, weathering, and compression after impact.
Among them, its salt mist resistance and damp heat resistance shall meet GB/T
2573, weathering resistance shall meet GB/T 16422.2, the compression
performance after impact shall meet GB/T 21239. The enterprise may conduct
test verification on the selected fiber reinforced plastic products, and may also
receive test reports provided by the supplier that meet the above test
requirements.
5.4 Instruments, tell-tales and lighting devices
5.4.1 The internal combustion sightseeing vehicle shall be equipped with an
odometer, speedometer, engine water temperature or water temperature
warning light, oil pressure gauge (or oil pressure warning light), battery charging
5.7.3 The maximum traction force of the sightseeing vehicle shall not be less
than the design value, and the maximum climbing slope as calculated in
accordance with this traction force shall not be less than the design value of the
designed climbing slope.
5.7.4 The motor for electric sightseeing vehicle walking adopts 60 min(S2)
working system, the insulation grade of the motor is not lower than grade F;
when series-excited motor is adopted, it shall provide necessary protective
device (excluding wheel brake) to avoid motor from continuous ultra-high speed
operation; DC traction motor shall meet the requirements of JB/T 5335. The
protection level of the motor shall meet the IP54 level in GB/T 4942.1-2006.
5.7.5 The motor controller shall have overcurrent protection, overheating
protection, overvoltage protection, and undervoltage protection. Its degree of
protection shall comply with the IPX5 rating in GB 4208-2008.
5.8 Operating system
5.8.1 The functions and using requirements of each operating mechanism shall
be described in detail in the instruction manual, clear and durable signs shall
be used on the vehicle body to indicate the function of each operating
mechanism.
5.8.2 The engine shall be able to be started by the driver in the seat.
5.8.3 Each operating mechanism shall be reasonably arranged and easy to
operate.
5.8.4 The control circuit shall be equipped with a key switch device.
5.9 Steering system
5.9.1 The steering wheel of the sightseeing vehicle shall not be set to the right.
A steering limit device shall be provided. The steering wheel shall not swing on
the road which is flat, hard, dry and clean. The maximum free rotation of the
steering wheel from the middle position to the left or right corner shall not
exceed 15°.
5.9.2 The steering mechanism shall be light and flexible.
5.9.3 When driving on flat, hard, dry and clean concrete or asphalt roads, if it
transits from straight line along a spiral line at the speed of 10 km/h within 5 s
to the circle having a diameter of 24 m, the tangential hand operating force
exerted on the outer edge of the steering wheel shall be not more than 150 N.
5.9.4 When the sightseeing vehicle travels at a speed of 15 km/h (if the
Electric sightseeing vehicle 70 75
5.14 Fire protection requirements
5.14.1 Fire retardant materials shall be used for the interior materials used in
the sightseeing vehicle, and the flame retardancy shall comply with the
provisions of GB 8410.
5.14.2 Sightseeing vehicles shall have a fire extinguisher installed so that the
fire extinguisher can be properly positioned and accessible to the driver.
5.14.3 Safety requirements for fuel systems for internal combustion sightseeing
vehicles shall be implemented in accordance with 12.5 in GB 7258-2012.
5.15 Overall machine performance item
Items under 5.1 ~ 5.14 are overall performance items.
6 Test methods
6.1 Preparation before the test
6.1.1 Before the test, it shall make the sightseeing vehicle have normal
technical conditions, to ensure the accuracy of the test results. At the same time,
in order to ensure safety and smooth test execution, every effort shall be made
to eliminate hidden dangers and avoid accidents.
6.1.2 The prototype assemblies, components, accessories and attachments are
completely equipped in accordance with the requirements, and shall meet the
technical requirements for the whole vehicle exit-factory.
6.1.3 Before the prototype test, maintenance shall be carried out in accordance
with the product's instruction manual. Oil, water, electricity, liquid, etc. shall
meet the corresponding test and inspection requirements.
6.1.4 The climatic conditions of the test environment shall meet the following
requirements.
a) Temperature -5 °C ~ 40 °C;
b) The wind speed does not exceed 5 m/s, unless otherwise specially
required by the test item;
c) When the battery prototype is tested, the maximum relative humidity of the
6.3.2 For the structural dimensions of the sightseeing vehicle, it shall measure
the following items.
Full length L, full width W, full height H, minimum ground clearance H1 (no load
state and full load state), frame middle point ground clearance H2, approach
angle α, pass angle β [β = 2arctan (2H2/L1)] , departure angle γ, wheelbase L1,
front tread W1, rear tread W2, wheel static radius (no load state and full load
state) (front wheels Rf, Rf’; rear wheels Rr, Rr’), distance from same direction
seat cushion to the backrest L2, distance between the same direction occupant
seats L3, distance between the facing occupant seat L4, distance between the
occupant seat surface and roof H4, seat width W3, as shown in Figure 1.
6.4 Measurement of sightseeing vehicle mass parameters
6.4.1 The technical state of the sightseeing vehicle is as follows.
Sightseeing vehicles have no load state and full load state.
6.4.2 The overall mass of the sightseeing vehicle is measured as follows.
a) The sightseeing vehicle is in a no-load state, it shall be driven from the
one direction to the weighing platform and stop at the center of the
weighing platform. During the measurement, the sightseeing vehicle stops
and the engine or motor is turned off. Then the sightseeing vehicle is
turned 180°, to measure the average value again.
b) The method for determining the mass of compartment is the same as
above.
6.4.3 The mass of front- and rear-axles of sightseeing vehicles is measured as
follows.
Sightseeing vehicles are in no-load condition and fully-loaded condition
respectively. They are first driven from one direction to the weighing platform,
to weight the front-axle and rear-axle in turn. During measurement, only the
wheels of the axles under test are allowed to stop on the weighing platform.
The prototype remains horizontal. Let is stop stably and the engine goes out (or
the motor is turned off). Then the sightseeing vehicle is turned 180°, to measure
the average value again.
Axle mass distribution correction is as shown in formula (1) ~ formula (5).
6.19.2 The intensive test procedure consists of several identical cycles. The
procedure for the first cycle in the test is as follows.
The sightseeing vehicle is in full load at the starting position. After starting, it
uses the forward gear to travel counterclockwise along the runway. It turns left
at 90° to enter the slope climbing section, in which first the vehicle is changed
to low speed gear, when reaching to the middle part of the uphill section,
perform parking brake, after parking for 3 s ~ 5 s, start it up to continue climbing
to the horizontal section, then run downhill at a safe speed, turn left at 90° into
the barrier runway; at the speed of not less than 4 km/h, after the left wheels of
the sightseeing vehicle pass through the left side barrier blocks, the right wheels
pass through the right side barrier block, it shall neither stop driving nor cross
the boundary when it passes through the barrier block. The sightseeing vehicle
continues running forward, turns left at 90° to enter the straight line runway
section, and continues running forward, turns left at 90° to reach the starting
point.
6.19.3 The test process shall meet the following requirements.
a) Operating speed. The prototype shall be subject to a reliability-
strengthened test operation at the maximum safe speed. The sightseeing
vehicle shall run at a 90° turn and shall make a turn with the minimum
turning radius.
b) Daily workload. The daily continuous operation volume shall be not less
than 8 h; the sightseeing vehicle with the operating speed greater than 27
km/h shall circulate at least 75 cycles per hour; the sightseeing vehicle
with the operating speed of 18 km/h ~ 27 km/h shall circulate at least 50
cycles per hour; the sightseeing vehicles with a speed of less than 18 km/h
shall circulate at least 25 cycles per hour.
c) Prototype maintenance. The prototype can be routinely maintained as
specified in the instruction manual.
d) After the test is carried out for 100 hours, change to the reversed direction.
6.19.4 Calculation of reliability index MTBF is as shown in the formula (10).
Where.
Tz - Pure operating time, in hours (h);
r - Number of fault equivalents (see Appendix A).
Effectiveness A is as shown in formula (11).
7.2 Type inspection
7.2.1 Type inspection shall be carried out in any of the following situations.
a) When a new product or an old product is subject to trial production
finalization after transferring to another plant;
b) When the product production is restored after suspension for a year;
c) When the higher quality inspection agency proposes a type inspection;
d) After the formal production, if there are major changes in structure,
materials and processes affecting the product performance and quality;
e) When there is a significant difference between the exit-factory inspection
result and the last type test.
7.2.2 Inspection items and inspection methods.
For type inspection, if it belongs to the four situations a), b), c) and d) of 7.2.1,
it shall be subject to the overall vehicle structure, technical parameters and
performance inspection in accordance with the contents of clause 6, and be
subject to the reliability-enhanced test in accordance with 6.19; if it belongs to
situation e) in 7.2.1, only inspect the affected items.
7.3 Number of vehicle samples under test
The number of vehicle sample under test is 1. The vehicle sample for the
prototype of the new product is a trial produced vehicle sample.
7.4 Result assessment
7.4.1 The results of the whole vehicle performance test shall meet the
requirements of this document.
7.4.2 There is no major fault (as defined in Appendix A) in the reliability-
enhanced test (including special item tests).
7.4.3 If any item fails the inspection, it is allowed to re-inspect it after adjustment.
If it still fails, it is determined that the product is unqualified.
7.4.4 Sightseeing vehicle type test shall be subject to 200 h reliability test, and
the test results shall meet the requirements.
8 Markings, accompanied documents, transport,
References
[1] GB/T 4785 Installation requirements for exterior lighting and tell-tales of
automobiles and trailers
[2] GB/T 7403.1 Lead-acid traction batteries - Part 1. Technical conditions
[3] GB 9656 Safety glazing materials for road vehicles
[4] GB/T 13053 Bus inner dimensions
[5] GB/T 18384.2 Electric vehicles - Safety specification - Part 2. Functional
means and protection against failures
[6] GB/T 18385 Electric vehicles - Power performance - Test method
[7] GB/T 18386 Electric vehicles - Energy consumption and range - Test
procedures
[8] GB 18565 Multiple performance requirement and detecting methods for
commercial vehicles
[9] GB 18986 The safety requirements for light bus construction
[10] JT/T 426 Combination of vehicle performance requirements and test
method
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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