GB/T 19752-2024 PDF in English
GB/T 19752-2024 (GB/T19752-2024, GBT 19752-2024, GBT19752-2024)
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Hybrid electric vehicles - Power performance - Test method
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GB/T 19752-2024: PDF in English (GBT 19752-2024) GB/T 19752-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.120
CCS T 47
Replacing GB/T 19752-2005
Hybrid Electric Vehicles - Power Performance - Test Method
ISSUED ON. AUGUST 23, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 1, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative References... 5
3 Terms and Definitions... 5
4 Test Conditions... 6
4.1 Requirements for Test Vehicle... 6
4.2 Environmental Conditions... 6
4.3 Measurement Parameters, Units and Accuracy... 7
4.4 Road Conditions... 8
5 Preparation of Test Vehicle... 9
5.1 Charging of REESS... 9
5.2 Preheating... 10
5.3 Vehicle Test Mass and Load Distribution... 10
6 Determination of Test Items... 11
7 Test Methods... 12
7.1 General Rules... 12
7.2 Maximum Thirty-minutes Speed Test in the Hybrid Mode... 13
7.3 Maximum Speed Test in the Hybrid Mode... 14
7.4 Acceleration Ability Test in the Hybrid Mode... 16
7.5 Maximum Gradability Test in the Hybrid Mode... 19
7.6 Hill Starting Ability Test in the Hybrid Mode... 21
Appendix A (normative) Determination Method for the Correction Factor of Circular
Roads... 22
Appendix B (informative) Test Record Formats... 23
Bibliography... 28
Hybrid Electric Vehicles - Power Performance - Test Method
1 Scope
This document describes the test method for the power performance of hybrid electric vehicles.
This document is applicable to Category-M and Category-N hybrid electric vehicles.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 3730.1 Terms and Definitions of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Combination Vehicle - Part
1.Types
GB/T 3730.2 Road Vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and Codes
GB/T 8170 Rules of Rounding off for Numerical Values & Expression and Judgement of
Limiting Values
GB/T 12428 Laden Mass Calculating Method for Buses
GB/T 12534 Motor Vehicles - General Rules of Road Test Method
GB/T 12545.1 Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Automobiles - Part 1.
Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Passenger Cars
GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Light-duty Vehicles
GB/T 18385 Battery Electric Vehicles - Power Performance - Test Method
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of Electric Vehicles
GB/T 27840-2021 Fuel Consumption Test Methods for Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicles
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 19596-2017, GB/T 18385, GB/T 3730.1 and GB/T
3730.2, and the following are applicable to this document.
3.1 rechargeable electrical energy storage system; REESS
An energy storage system that is rechargeable and can provide electrical energy.
[source. GB 18384-2020, 3.1]
3.2 hybrid mode
A working mode, in which, all on-board systems, including the internal combustion engine (or
other heat engine) and drive motor, simultaneously provide energy to the vehicle or drive the
vehicle in accordance with the management logic (vehicle control strategy).
3.3 pure thermal mode
A working mode, in which, the vehicle is merely driven by the internal combustion engine (or
other heat engine).
3.4 pure electric mode
A working mode, in which, the vehicle does not consume fuel, and merely obtains energy from
the rechargeable energy / energy storage device, which drives the vehicle.
4 Test Conditions
4.1 Requirements for Test Vehicle
4.1.1 The specifications and filling amounts of lubricating oil and coolant for mechanical
moving components shall comply with the vehicle manufacturer's provisions.
4.1.2 Except for the purpose of driving, all energy storage systems shall be charged to the values
specified by the vehicle manufacturer (electrical energy, hydraulic pressure and pneumatic
pressure, etc.).
4.1.3 Before the test, the test vehicle shall be run-in, and it may also be run-in in accordance
with the technical requirements of the vehicle manufacturer. If the vehicle is installed with
REESS, the run-in shall be carried out with the REESS installed, and the run-in mileage needs
to be greater than 300 km. Meanwhile, for the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the REESS shall
undergo the process of discharging from the fully charged state to the state of charge alarm or
electric quantity balance at least once, so as to confirm that the REESS charging and discharge
is normally working; for rechargeable hybrid vehicles that cannot be externally connected,
check to confirm that the electric quantity display and charging and discharging are normally
working.
4.1.4 The trailer matched to the tractor shall not increase the windward area of the tractor or
adopt a trailer recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for the test.
4.2 Environmental Conditions
4.2.1 Air density
4.4 Road Conditions
4.4.1 Overall requirements
The test shall be carried out on dry straight roads, circular roads and test rampways. The road
surface shall be solid, smooth, clean and have good adhesion properties.
4.4.2 Road conditions for maximum speed test
4.4.2.1 Straight roads
4.4.2.1.1 Length of measurement zone
The length of the measurement zone shall be at least 200 m and marked with benchmarks.
4.4.2.1.2 Length of acceleration zone
The acceleration zone shall have the same characteristics as the measurement zone, and the
length shall ensure that the vehicle can accelerate to the maximum speed that the vehicle can
reach and stably drive for at least 200 m before entering the measurement zone.
4.4.2.1.3 Slope
The longitudinal slope of the last 200 m of the acceleration zone and the measurement zone
shall not exceed 0.5%. The transverse slope of the measurement zone shall not exceed 3%.
When the test is conducted in one direction, the longitudinal slope of the straight road shall not
exceed 0.1%.
4.4.2.1.4 Selection of straight-line segment on circular roads
If a part of the circular road satisfies the requirements of 4.4.2.1.1 ~ 4.4.2.1.3, and its centrifugal
inertia reaction force is less than 20% of the test mass of the vehicle and can be compensated
by the transverse slope of the road, then, this part of the circular road can be used as a straight
road measurement zone.
4.4.2.2 Circular roads
4.4.2.2.1 Length of circular roads
The length of the circular roads shall be not less than 2,000 m.
The circular roads are formed by connecting the straight part and approximately circular part.
The radius of curvature of the circular part shall be not less than 200 m, so as to ensure that the
centrifugal force while the vehicle is driving is compensated by the transverse slope of the road,
so that the vehicle can maintain normal driving in the lane when the driver does not perform
any operation on the steering wheel during the test.
manufacturer, check whether the REESS is normally charging and discharging.
5.1.2 Regular charging
Regular charging should adopt the AC charging mode. If the vehicle has a DC charging mode,
in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations, the DC charging mode may
be selected.
In accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations, select one of the following
modes for charging.
a) On-board charger (if equipped);
b) External charger recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
The above-mentioned charging procedures do not include any automatically or manually
initiated special charging procedures, for example, equalizing charging mode or maintenance
mode.
5.1.3 Criteria for end of charging
When the on-board or external instrument shows that the REESS is fully charged, it shall be
judged that charging is complete. If the on-board or external instrument sends an obvious signal
indicating that the REESS is not fully charged, in this case, the maximum charging time (h) is.
3 REESS energy (kW h) specified by the vehicle manufacturer/supply power (kW).
5.2 Preheating
Immediately before the test, in the hybrid mode, in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer’s
recommendations or an appropriate mode, preheat the vehicle systems and components that
may affect the test results, so as to achieve the stable temperature conditions recommended by
the vehicle manufacturer. The preheating mode shall be indicated in the record.
5.3 Vehicle Test Mass and Load Distribution
5.3.1 Test mass and load distribution requirements for various categories of vehicles
5.3.1.1 Category-M1 vehicles and Category-N1 vehicles with a maximum design total mass
less than 2 t
When the maximum design loading mass of the vehicle is less than or equal to 180 kg, the test
mass shall be the curb weight of the complete vehicle plus the maximum design loading mass.
When the maximum design loading mass of the vehicle is greater than 180 kg but less than or
equal to 360 kg, the test mass shall be the curb weight of the complete vehicle plus 180 kg.
When the maximum design loading mass of the vehicle is greater than 360 kg, the test mass of
the vehicle shall be the curb weight of the complete vehicle plus 50% of the maximum design
loading mass.
power performance test in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 18385, it will not
automatically switch to other power system working modes (hybrid mode or pure thermal
mode), then, the power performance test of the vehicle in the pure electric mode shall also be
carried out. For specific test items, see 6.1.Otherwise, the test vehicle may be exempted from
the power performance test in the pure electric mode or the test items that cannot be performed.
The specific test methods corresponding to the various tests in the pure electric mode shall be
consistent with the test methods specified in GB/T 18385.
7 Test Methods
7.1 General Rules
7.1.1 At ambient temperature, tyre pressure shall comply with the vehicle manufacturer’s
provisions. When carrying out the rampway test, the tyre pressure shall be the tyre inflation
pressure specified by the vehicle manufacturer in a cold state plus an additional 20 kPa; the tyre
tread depth shall be at least 75% of the original tread depth and the tread shall be in good
condition.
7.1.2 The vehicle shall be prepared and preheated in accordance with the provisions of Chapter
5.
7.1.3 In addition to the necessary equipment and daily vehicle control parts for the test, the
lighting devices and auxiliary devices (such as. air conditioner, seat heating and multimedia,
etc.) on the vehicle shall be turned off during the test. If the vehicle is equipped with hidden
lamps, the lamp holder shall be located where the lamps are hidden. If there is a demand for
vehicle driving safety during the test, the vehicle lights can be turned on, but this shall be
indicated in the record.
7.1.4 Before carrying out the various tests specified in 7.2 ~ 7.5, check the SOC of the vehicle.
---The electric quantity of non-plug-in hybrid electric vehicles shall be within the normal
SOC interval specified by the vehicle manufacturer;
---The plug-in hybrid electric vehicles shall be in the SOC in the hybrid mode
recommended by the vehicle manufacturer;
---The tandem hybrid electric vehicles shall be in the SOC recommended by the vehicle
manufacturer and when the on-board auxiliary power supply device can enter the
working state.
7.1.5 The vehicle shall be clean, and if there are no special requirements, the windows and the
vents of the passenger compartment or driving cab shall be closed during the test.
7.1.6 If the vehicle has multiple driving modes (such as. smart mode and sports mode, etc.), the
driving mode recommended by the vehicle manufacturer shall be selected for the test. If the
vehicle manufacturer does not recommend it, then, carry out the test in the default driving mode,
and this shall be indicated in the record.
7.1.7 If the vehicle can manually select the power system working mode, the various tests
specified in 7.2 ~ 7.6 shall be conducted in the hybrid mode. All on-board power systems shall
be able to be in the state of providing energy or driving the vehicle, and shall not automatically
switch to other working modes (pure electric mode or pure thermal mode) during the test.
7.1.8 When carrying out the tests specified in 7.2 ~ 7.6 on vehicles equipped with a transmission,
in accordance with the various test requirements, select a gear. If there are no special
requirements, then, carry out the tests in accordance with the default setting gear or the gear
recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
7.1.9 Refer to the formats in Appendix B to record the valid data of various tests.
7.2 Maximum Thirty-minutes Speed Test in the Hybrid Mode
7.2.1 The maximum thirty-minutes speed test can be conducted on a circular road or on a chassis
dynamometer. When testing on the chassis dynamometer, the vehicle shall be loaded in
accordance with the test load required in 5.3.1 for the determination of driving resistance. The
method for the determination of driving resistance shall comply with the following provisions.
---The driving resistance of light-duty vehicles can be determined in accordance with the
requirements of the vehicle manufacturer and the taxiing method specified in Appendix
CC of GB 18352.6-2016 or the method of calculating road load and driving resistance
based on vehicle parameters. When adopting the taxiing method, the vehicle shall drive
to a speed that is 10 km/h ~ 15 km/h higher than the estimated maximum thirty-minutes
speed specified by the vehicle manufacturer and maintain it stably for at least 1 minute
before starting taxiing. If the estimated maximum thirty-minutes speed is the same as
the maximum design speed or the difference between them is less than 10 km/h, the
vehicle shall start taxiing at the maximum design speed.
---The determination of driving resistance of other vehicles can be carried out in
accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's requirements and the provisions of
Appendix C or Appendix E in GB/T 27840-2021.
7.2.2 The test vehicle drives at a constant speed for 30 minutes at the estimated maximum thirty-
minutes speed provided by the vehicle manufacturer. During the test, if the vehicle speed
changes, the accelerator pedal can be adjusted to stabilize the vehicle speed within the range of
5% of the estimated maximum thirty-minutes speed.
7.2.3 If the vehicle decelerates uncontrollably by the driver during the test, and the vehicle
speed does not reach 95% of the estimated maximum thirty-minutes speed, the test can be re-
performed in accordance with the above-mentioned estimated maximum thirty-minutes speed.
If the vehicle still cannot maintain the speed for 30 minutes, then, the vehicle manufacturer
shall re-estimate the maximum thirty-minutes speed, until the vehicle can run at a constant
speed for 30 minutes in accordance with the maximum thirty-minutes speed re-estimated by the
vehicle manufacturer.
for the acceleration ability test, carry out the test in accordance with the driving mode and gear
specified by the vehicle manufacturer. If the vehicle manufacturer has no special provisions,
the test shall be carried out using the default driving mode and gear selection of the vehicle,
which shall be indicated in the record.
7.4.1.2 If the vehicle gear-shifting mode has the functions of automatic mode and manual mode
selection, in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer’s requirements, select the automatic
mode or manual mode. When selecting the manual mode for the test, the test shall be carried
out with reference to the provisions of manual transmission vehicles, which shall be indicated
in the record.
7.4.1.3 Each test shall be carried out in both directions, with at least 3 times in each direction.
If a problem occurs in one test, then, the test shall be re-performed in both directions. Before
each test, the REESS power of the vehicle shall be checked to ensure that the power is within
the normal power range specified by the vehicle manufacturer during the test.
7.4.1.4 For each test, take the arithmetic mean of all valid data (rounded off to one decimal
place in accordance with GB/T 8170) as the final result of the test.
7.4.2 Test procedures for acceleration ability test
7.4.2.1 Acceleration ability test of in situ starting
7.4.2.1.1 The gear-shifting device of manual transmission vehicles shall be placed in the gear
specified by the vehicle manufacturer or the appropriate gear. When a vehicle starts to
accelerate, the vehicle shall reach its maximum acceleration ability with minimal wheel slip.
The clutch operation and gear-shifting timing shall be selected to maximize the acceleration
ability, but the rated engine speed and the motor speed corresponding to the peak power of the
drive motor shall not be exceeded, or the gear-shifting operation shall be performed in
accordance with the gear-shifting timing specified by the vehicle manufacturer. When the
vehicle starts to move, the recording device shall be triggered.
7.4.2.1.2 For automatic transmission vehicles (including those without transmission), when the
driving device is started (if necessary, step on the brake), put the gear-shifting device in D gear
or the gear specified by the vehicle manufacturer. When the vehicle starts to accelerate, the
vehicle shall reach its maximum acceleration ability with minimal wheel slip. When the vehicle
starts to move, the recording device shall be triggered.
7.4.2.1.3 During the acceleration process, the accelerator pedal shall be pressed with full force,
so as to accelerate the vehicle to 100 km/h as quickly as possible (if 90% of the maximum speed
cannot reach 100 km/h, 90% of the maximum speed shall be taken and rounded down to an
integer multiple of 5 as the test end speed). Record the vehicle speed, acceleration time and
acceleration distance during each test.
7.4.2.2 Overriding acceleration ability test
7.4.2.2.1 From the specified starting speed, step on the accelerator pedal with full force and
accelerate to 100 km/h (if 90% of the maximum speed cannot reach 100 km/h, 90% of the
maximum speed shall be taken and rounded down to an integer multiple of 5 as the test end
speed). Record the vehicle speed, acceleration time and acceleration distance during each test.
The following starting speed should be used for the test.
---The starting speed of vehicles with a maximum speed less than or equal to 70 km/h. 30
km/h.
---The starting speed of vehicles with a maximum speed greater than 70 km/h. 60 km/h.
7.4.2.2.2 Before accelerating, the vehicle speed shall be controlled within a range of 2 km/h
downward from the specified starting speed and maintained at a constant speed for at least 2
seconds. When the vehicle speed reaches the specified starting speed, the recording device shall
be triggered.
7.4.2.2.3 For manual transmission vehicles, select gears in accordance with the following
provisions. During the test, the gear shall not be changed.
---Gear selection for Category-M1 vehicles and Category-N1 vehicles with maximum
design total mass less than 2 t. for vehicles with 2 or 3 forward gears, the gear position
shall be placed in the highest gear; for vehicles with 4 or 5 forward gears, the gear
position shall be placed in the highest gear or the second highest gear; for vehicles with
6 forward gears, the gear position shall be placed in the 4th and 5th gears; for vehicles
with more than 6 forward gears, the gear position shall be placed in the gear with a speed
ratio of 1.00 and the gear with a speed ratio closest to 1.00.If the vehicle does not have
a gear with a speed ratio of 1.00, then, it shall be placed in the two gears with a speed
ratio closest to 1.00.
---Gear selection for Category-M2 vehicles, Category-M3 vehicles and Category-N
vehicles with a maximum design total mass not less than 2 t. the gear shall be placed in
the highest gear and the second highest gear.
7.4.2.2.4 The gear-shifting device of automatic transmission vehicles (including those without
transmission) shall be placed in D gear, or the gear specified by the vehicle manufacturer, and
the vehicle can shift gears under the control of the transmission controller.
7.4.3 Data processing
7.4.3.1 Data calculation
The arithmetic mean, standard deviation and variation coefficient (standard deviation /
arithmetic mean) of all valid test data shall be calculated in accordance with Formula (11),
Formula (12) and Formula (13).
7.6 Hill Starting Ability Test in the Hybrid Mode
7.6.1 The hill starting ability test shall be performed on a rampway with a slope specified by
the vehicle manufacturer.
7.6.2 In the middle of the selected rampway, set up a measurement zone of at least 10 m. A
starting zone shall be provided in front of the measurement zone. The slopes of the starting zone
and the measurement zone shall be the same.
7.6.3 The test vehicle climbs to the starting zone and stably stops on the rampway by the
vehicle’s own braking system. Place the gear in P or N and turn off all power systems on the
vehicle for 2 minutes.
7.6.4 Start the drive motor, in accordance with 7.5.1, select the gear of the gear-shifting device.
For all-wheel-drive vehicles, adopt all-wheel drive. Step on the accelerator pedal with full force.
The vehicle speed shall continuously increase or tend to steadily increase. When the vehicle
starts, there shall be no obvious slope sliding phenomenon that is uncontrollable by the driver,
and if the vehicle passes through the measurement zone at an average speed of no less than 10
m/min, it shall be determined as a successful start on the rampway. If there is obvious wheel
slip when starting the vehicle, an appropriate accelerator pedal opening can be adopted to ensure
that the vehicle starts with minimal wheel slip.
7.6.5 If the vehicle fails in the first hill starting and climbing, the test can be repeated, and the
total number of the tests shall not exceed 2 times. The second hill starting and climbing shall
be specially stated in the record and report. If it fails again in the test, the vehicle manufacturer
shall re-calculate the hill starting ability.
7.6.6 If there is no rampway with a slope specified by the vehicle manufacturer, in accordance
with the site conditions, select a rampway with a slope angle as close as possible. The test can
be carried out by increasing or decreasing the loading mass or adopting a higher gear of the
transmission (for example, gear II), and the gear used for the vehicle test on the actual test road
slope and the corresponding actual test total mass can be calculated with reference to Formula
(14).
7.6.7 Load in accordance with the calculated actual test total mass, and the load distribution
shall comply with the requirements of 5.3.In accordance with the provisions of 7.6.3 ~ 7.6.5,
use the gear selected when calculating with Formula (14) to conduct the hill starting ability test
on the vehicle.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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