GB/T 19120-2015 PDF English
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Tri-wheel Vehicles and Low-speed Goods Vehicles - Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test Methods
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| GB/T 19120-2003 | English | 559 |
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Agricultural vehicle -- Braking system -- Structure, performance and test methods
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GB/T 19120-2015: Tri-wheel Vehicles and Low-speed Goods Vehicles - Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test Methods
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 65.060
T 54
Replacing GB/T 19120-2003
Tri-wheel Vehicles and Low-speed Goods Vehicles -
Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test
Methods
Issued on. MAY 15, 2015
Implemented on. OCTOBER 1, 2015
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative References... 5
3 Terms and Definitions... 5
4 Structural Requirements... 7
5 Performance Requirements... 12
6 Test Methods... 18
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard serves as a replacement of GB/T 19120-2003 Agricultural Vehicle -
Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test Methods. In comparison with GB/T
19120-2003, the main changes are as follows.
---The title of the Standard is modified from “Agricultural Vehicle - Braking System
- Structure, Performance and Test Methods” into “Tri-wheel Vehicles and Low-
speed Goods Vehicles - Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test
Methods”;
---“tri-wheel agricultural vehicle” is renamed as “tri-wheel vehicle”; “four-wheel
agricultural vehicle” is renamed as “low-speed goods vehicle”;
---Some terms and definitions are adjusted;
---The requirements for braking line are added;
---The requirements for hydraulic braking system with energy storage device are
added;
---The requirements for braking distance and braking stability are modified;
---The requirements for bench-test inspection of braking force are adjusted;
---The requirements for emergency braking are modified.
This Standard was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 234 on
Farm Transport Vehicle of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 234).
The responsible drafting organization of this Standard. Machinery Industry Agricultural
Transport Vehicle Development Research Center.
The participating drafting organizations of this Standard. Shandong WUZHENG Group;
SINOTRUCK WANGPAI Motor; Sichuan CNJ Automobile Group Co., Ltd.; Shandong
Tangjun Ouling Automobile Manufacture Co., Ltd.; Shandong SHIFENG Group Co.,
Ltd.
The main drafters of this Standard. Zhang Xiansheng, Chen Ge, Liu Dongwei, Lv
Shusheng, Wang Xiamin, Jin Wensheng, Ding Jikang, Che Shengxin, Lin Lianhua,
Shen Yaru.
The issuing of the previous version.
---GB/T 19120-2003.
Tri-wheel Vehicles and Low-speed Goods Vehicles -
Braking System - Structure, Performance and Test
Methods
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the structural requirements, performance requirements and
test methods of the braking system of tri-wheel vehicles and low-speed goods vehicles.
This Standard is applicable to the braking system of tri-wheel vehicles and low-speed
goods vehicles (collectively referred to as low-speed vehicles).
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 5345 Road Vehicles - Labelling of Containers for Petroleum-based or Non-
petroleum-based Brake Fluid
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 Braking Device
Braking device refers to a combination of parts and components that gradually
decelerate a moving low-speed vehicle, or, stop a moving low-speed vehicle, or,
maintain a stopped low-speed vehicle in a stationary state. Its functions are described
in 4.1.6.This device is constituted of control device, energy transmission device and
brake.
3.2 Control Device
Control device refers to a component directly driven by the driver to provide the energy
transmission device with the energy required to brake or control a low-speed vehicle.
This energy may be the energy of the driver’s muscle contraction or other energies
from the driver’s control, or, a combination of these energies.
3.3 Transmission Device
Transmission device refers to a combination of parts and components that act as a link
between the control device and the brake. If the braking force is not generated by the
driver but is generated or assisted by the energy controlled by the driver, then, the
energy storage device is also a part of the energy transmission device.
3.4 Brake
Brake refers to the component in the braking device that generates the force that
prevents the movement of a low-speed vehicle.
3.5 Part and Component of Braking Device
Part and component of braking device refers to one or multiple individual parts and
components that are assembled to form a braking device.
4 Structural Requirements
4.1 Basic Requirements
4.1.1 The design, manufacture and assembly of the braking device shall ensure that
low-speed vehicle can satisfy the requirements of this Standard under normal
conditions of use, no matter what vibration it is subjected to.
4.1.2 The design, manufacture and assembly of the braking device shall ensure that
the exposed part is resistant to corrosion and aging in the environment of normal use.
4.1.3 The brake linings shall not contain asbestos.
4.1.4 The various rod pieces of the braking system are not allowed to interfere or
friction with other parts in relative displacement, so as to prevent deformation and
damage of the rod pieces.
4.1.6 The braking device shall be equipped with the following functions.
4.2 Characteristic Requirements of Braking System
4.2.1 The braking system of low-speed vehicles shall satisfy the requirements specified
for the service braking system, the emergency braking system and the parking braking
system.
4.2.2 The components of the service braking system, the emergency braking system
and the parking braking system of low-speed vehicles may be shared under the
premise of satisfying the following requirements.
4.2.4 In the case of partial failure of the energy transmission device of the service
braking system, when operating the control device of the service braking system, a
sufficient number of wheels shall still be braked. The selection of these wheels shall
make the residual braking efficiency of service braking not lower than the requirements
of 5.3.
4.2.6 When using other energy sources other than the driver’s physical strength, there
may be only one energy source (for example, hydraulic pump or air compressor), but
the energy-driven device shall be safe and reliable.
4.2.7 In order to satisfy the requirements of 4.2.2, 4.2.4 and 4.2.6, an automatic device
that can detect its failures under normal conditions shall be used.
4.2.8 Service braking shall act on all wheels of the low-speed vehicles, except for the
tri-wheel vehicles that satisfy the performance requirements in 5.2.
4.2.9 The braking force of the service braking shall be reasonably distributed between
axles (except for tri-wheel vehicles with only rear-wheel brakes).
4.2.10 The braking force of the service braking shall be symmetrically distributed
relative to the longitudinal center plane of the low-speed vehicle between the left and
right wheels on the same axle.
4.2.13 For the service braking system that uses energy storage to take actions, when
the specified emergency braking performance cannot be achieved without using the
stored energy of the energy storage device, in addition to the installation of a pressure
gauge, an alarm device shall also be installed. When the energy stored in any part of
the system drops to a certain value, the alarm device shall be able to send out a light
signal or an acoustic signal.
5 Performance Requirements
5.1 Basic Requirements
5.1.1 The performance of the braking system specified in this Standard is determined
by measuring the braking distance at a corresponding initial speed and / or the mean
fully developed deceleration under the specified conditions. Braking distance refers to
the distance travelled by the low-speed vehicle when the driver starts to actuate the
braking control device to when the low-speed vehicle stops.
5.1.2 When testing low-speed vehicles, road tests shall be conducted under specified
conditions to determine their braking performance.
5.1.3 The load state of the low-speed vehicles being tested shall all comply with the
stipulations of various tests and stated in the test report.
5.2 Performance of Service Braking System
5.2.1 The braking distance and braking stability in the road-test inspection of tri-wheel
vehicles or low-speed goods vehicles under the conditions specified in 6.6.2.1 and
6.6.2.2 shall comply with the stipulations of Table 1.
5.2.2 The requirements for braking force in the bench-test inspection of tri-wheel
vehicles and low-speed goods vehicles under the conditions specified in 6.6.3 shall
comply with the stipulations of Table 2.
5.3 Residual Braking Performance after Failure of Transmission Device of
Service Brake (merely applicable to low-speed goods vehicles)
If a certain component of the energy transmission device of the service braking system
fails, it shall be tested in accordance with the method specified in 6.7.5.
5.6 Performance Requirements for Parking Braking System
5.6.1 Under the specified control force and unloaded state, during the road-test
inspection, the parking braking device shall enable the low-speed vehicle to lock the
working parts through a mechanical device even when there is no driver; ensure that
the low-speed vehicle remains stationary on a slope with a gradient of 20%, and the
adhesion coefficient between the tyre and the road surface is not less than 0.7, and for
a duration of not less than 5 min.
5.7 Energy Storage Device and Energy Supply Device
5.7.1 Capacity of energy storage device
5.7.1.1 It is required that low-speed vehicles whose braking device uses compressed
air, vacuum and hydraulic energy storage shall install an energy storage device. The
Initial Braking Speed
5.7.2.3 For the hydraulic braking system equipped with an energy storage device,
when braking is not actuated, the time required for the pressure in the energy storage
device to rise from the initial value (without replenishing energy to the energy storage
device, starting from the maximum factory-set working pressure, after 4 full-stroke
braking of the service braking, the pressure in the energy storage device) to the
maximum working pressure of the energy storage device shall not exceed 20 s.
6 Test Methods
6.1 Test Site
6.1.1 The test road surface shall be dry and smooth concrete, or, other road surfaces
with the same adhesion coefficient. No loose debris is allowed on the road surface.
6.2 Climatic Conditions
6.2.1 Wind speed. it shall be less than 5 m/s.
6.2.2 Temperature. it shall not exceed 35 °C.
6.3 Test Load
6.4 Test Preparation
6.4.1 Measuring instruments
The measuring instruments shall be verified or calibrated, and within the validity period.
The installation of the instruments shall not affect the performance of the braking
system. The measuring instruments and the accuracy are as follows.
6.4.2 Failure simulation preparation
In accordance with the stipulations of this Standard, and with the approval of relevant
departments, additional devices and pipelines may be equipped to simulate failures of
the braking system. The used devices shall not affect the normal braking performance
of the test part.
6.5 Test Description
6.5.1 The test is divided into two parts. unloaded and fully loaded. The test shall be
conducted in accordance with the sequence specified in this Standard. The sequence
of items like parking braking and energy storage device may be chosen by the test
department. Unloaded test items may be intensively tested, then, proceed to fully
loaded test items. Changes to the test procedure shall be explained in the test report.
6.5.4 The pedal force shall act quickly and remain stable during the process of braking.
6.5.5 It is not allowed to use pedal drive.
6.5.6 During the test, the deviation and abnormal vibration of the low-speed vehicle
shall be observed and recorded.
6.6 Performance Test of Service Braking System
6.6.1 Test procedures
6.6.2 Test sequence
6.6.2.1 The unloaded braking test shall be carried out in accordance with the following
sequence.
6.6.3 Bench-test inspection
Drive the low-speed vehicle on a brake test bench roller with a dry surface, and no
loose substances or oil stains. Properly position it, then, actuate the roller; use the
brake. Measure the parameter values required by 5.2.2 and 5.6.4.In addition, record
whether the wheels are locked up.
6.7 Emergency Braking Performance Test and Service Braking Partial
Failure Test
6.11 Test of Energy Supply Device
6.11.1 Test procedures of pneumatic braking system
6.11.1.1, conduct the test.
6.11.2 Test procedures of vacuum braking system
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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