GB/T 15565-2020 PDF English
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GB/T 15565-2020: PDF in English (GBT 15565-2020) GB/T 15565-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 01.080.01
A 22
Replacing GB/T 15565.1-2008, GB/T 15565.2-2008
Graphical symbols - Terms
ISSUED ON: MARCH 31, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
1 Scope ... 6
2 Graphical symbols ... 6
2.1 Symbols ... 6
2.2 General concepts ... 7
2.3 Classification ... 8
2.4 Application areas ... 9
2.5 Design ... 11
2.6 Testing ... 20
3 Signs ... 21
3.1 Basic concepts ... 21
3.2 Classification ... 21
3.3 Carrier ... 25
3.4 Visual elements ... 26
4 Public information guidance system ... 28
4.1 Basic concepts ... 28
4.2 Guidance elements ... 28
4.3 Orientation ... 31
5 Safety information identification system ... 32
5.1 Basic concepts ... 32
5.2 Safety sign system ... 32
5.3 Emergency guidance system ... 35
6 Guidance system design and setting ... 37
6.1 Design principles of guidance elements ... 37
6.2 Principles of guidance system setting ... 38
6.3 Target audience ... 39
6.4 Influencing factors ... 40
Appendix A (Informative) Conceptual system of terms ... 44
Index of English-corresponding words ... 46
Graphical symbols - Terms
1 Scope
This standard defines the terms and definitions on the design and setting of
graphical symbols, signs, public information guidance systems, safety
information identification systems, guidance system; establishes a conceptual
system in the field of graphical symbols (see Appendix A for conceptual system
diagrams).
This standard applies to related fields such as graphical symbols and guidance
systems.
2 Graphical symbols
2.1 Symbols
2.1.1
Symbol
A visual image with simplified features that express a certain thing or concept.
2.1.2
Graphical symbol
A symbol (2.1.1) which uses graphics (2.2.1) as the main feature, the
transmission of information of which does not depend on language.
2.1.3
Letter symbol
Text code
Symbols (2.1.1) formed by letters, numbers, Chinese characters, etc. or
their combination.
The purpose or function of the referent (2.6.2) to be represented by the
graphical symbol (2.1.2).
2.2.7.1
Excluded function
The functions (2.2.7) of referents (2.6.2) or related referents (2.6.2.1) that
are not represented by graphical symbols (2.1.2).
2.2.8
Negation
A method of expressing the opposite of affirmation or denying the existence
of specific things.
2.2.9
Symbol family
A group of graphical symbols (2.1.2) that use graphic features with specific
meanings (2.2.5) to represent common concepts.
Note: A group of symbols which use the graphs "scalpel and forceps" to
represent the concept containing "surgery" form a symbol family.
2.3 Classification
2.3.1
Common symbol
Graphical symbols (2.1.2) applicable to multiple fields, professions or
commonly used.
2.3.2
Special symbol
Graphical symbols (2.1.2) which are only applicable to a certain field,
profession or used specifically for a certain need.
2.3.3
Detailed symbol
Graphical symbols (2.1.2) that represent details of the function (2.2.7),
2.4.1.1
Symbols for diagram
Graphical symbols (2.4.1) for technical product documents that indicate
the relationship between the various components of a system or equipment
in a simplified diagram.
2.4.1.2
Symbols for indicating
Graphical symbols (2.4.1) for technical product documents that indicate
geometric characteristics (such as size, distance, angle, shape, position,
orientation, etc.) and manufacturing processes involved in the entire process
of product design, manufacturing, measurement and quality assurance.
2.4.2
Graphical symbols for use on equipment
The graphical symbols (2.1.2) which are used in various equipment for
operating instructions or displaying their functions and working status.
2.4.2.1
Display symbol
Graphical symbols (2.4.2) for the equipment to show the function or
working status of the equipment.
2.4.2.2
Control symbol
Graphical symbols (2.4.2) for equipment which are used as operating
instructions.
2.4.2.3
Icon
Graphical symbols for interactive devices (2.4.2) presented on the device
screen to represent computer system referents and/or application functions.
Note: The icons can be divided into static icons, interactive icons that change
according to user input, dynamic icons that change according to device
status.
Graphical symbol (2.1.2) design drawing as drawn on the design template
in accordance with the graphical symbol (2.1.2) representation rule and
used as a reference or for copying.
Note: The design templates of graphical symbols for technical product
documents, graphical symbols for equipment, graphical symbols used on
signs are basic grid, basic pattern, basic model, respectively.
2.5.3.2
Basic line width
The width of the most significant part of the line in the original symbol
(2.5.3.1) which is used to draw the graphical symbol for the equipment
(2.4.2).
Note: The basic line width is 2 mm or 4 mm.
2.5.3.3
Corner marking
Line segments perpendicular to each other at the four corners along the
outer edge of the graphical symbol (2.1.2).
Note: Refer to Figure 2 for the graphical symbol corner marking for
equipment; refer to Figure 4 for the corner marking for public information
graphical symbol.
2.5.3.4
Symbol area
The square area defined by the corner marking (2.5.3.3).
2.5.3.5
Basic size
The side length of the symbol area (2.5.3.4).
Note: The reference size is the basic size for the design of public information
guidance elements, as shown in Figure 7.
Critical detail
Significant detail
Symbol details (2.5.4.3) which are necessary for the understanding of
graphical symbols (2.1.2) or the completeness of graphical symbols
(2.1.2).
2.5.4.5
Negation element
Symbol elements (2.5.4.1) which negatives (2.2.8) all or part meanings
(2.2.5) of the graphical symbols (2.1.2).
Note: Negation elements usually include two forms of slash and cross.
2.6 Testing
2.6.1
Respondent
The person who reacted during the program test.
2.6.2
Referent
The concept or thing to be represented by a graphical symbol (2.1.2).
2.6.2.1
Related referent
Referents (2.6.2) that have related or similar functions (2.2.7) in the same
symbol (2.1.1) system.
Note: For example, "Squash" and "Tennis".
2.6.2.2
Negation of a referent
By adding negation elements (2.5.4.5) to the graphical symbols (2.1.2) to
negate all or part of the meaning (2.2.5) of the graphical symbols (2.1.2).
2.6.3
Partial information sign
The sign (3.1.1) whose information only relates to the specific locations,
equipment or components.
Note: For example, the "beware of electric shock" sign set on electrical
equipment indicates that the warning information of beware of electric shock
is only valid for the equipment.
3.2.13
Internally illuminated sign
Sign (3.1.1) which is made of transparent or translucent materials, displayed
through the internal or rear light source of the sign carrier (3.3.1).
3.2.14
Phosphorescent sign
The sign (3.1.1) which uses phosphor as a coating, which can continue to
emit light after removing the excitation energy.
Note: According to the luminescence mechanism, phosphorescent safety
signs are also called phosphorescent safety signs, photoluminescence
safety signs.
3.2.15
Retroreflective sign
The sign (3.1.1) which uses retroreflective materials (materials whose
reflected light is close to the opposite direction of the incident light) as the
base material.
3.3 Carrier
3.3.1
Sign carrier
Materials that carry and display the contents of the sign (3.1.1).
3.3.1.1
Plate
A sign carrier (3.3.1) made of rigid material.
chromaticity observer as well as the brightness factor or brightness.
3.4.1.6
Contrast color
A color which contrasts sharply with the safety color (3.4.1.5) to make it
more eye-catching.
4 Public information guidance system
4.1 Basic concepts
4.1.1
Public information guidance system
A guidance system composed of public information guidance elements
(4.1.3) to guide people to conduct orderly activities in public places.
4.1.2
Public information sign
The signs (3.1.1) that convey information such as public places, public
facilities (4.3.1) and service functions (4.3.4).
4.1.3
Guidance element
The smallest component of a guidance system that has a specific function.
4.2 Guidance elements
4.2.1
Location sign
The sign (3.1.1) which is composed of graphical signs (3.2.1) and/or letter
[letter signs (3.2.2)], to indicate the location of service functions (4.3.4) or
public facilities (4.3.1).
4.2.2
Direction sign
functions (4.3.4) or public facilities (4.3.1).
Note: This term also applies to street guidance maps.
4.2.4.5
Overview plan
A schematic diagram to help the observer get an overview of the location of
the area shown in the main body (4.2.4.4) in the overall area of the planned
guidance.
Note: This term also applies to street guidance maps.
4.2.5
Street guidance map
A simplified map which provides the main physical geographic information
as well as the location distribution information and guidance information of
public facilities (4.3.1) in the block.
4.2.6
Portable printing matter
Guidance information that is convenient for users to carry and consult at any
time.
4.2.7
Distribution map
A schematic diagram which provides the geographic distribution location
information of a certain type of public facility (4.3.1) or service facility
(4.3.2).
4.2.8
Path map
A schematic diagram which provides the path information from a specific
starting point to the target.
Note: For example, a tour path map.
4.2.9
Route map
Traffic facilities
Public facilities (4.3.1) that provide transportation services for public travel.
Note: Such as bus and tram stations, railway passenger stations, etc.
4.3.4
Service function
The service content provided by public facilities (4.3.1) for the public.
Note: Such as shopping services, medical services, etc.
5 Safety information identification system
5.1 Basic concepts
5.1.1
Safety information identification system
A sign system that transmits safety information formed by a variety of system
elements in public places or work areas.
5.1.2
Emergency guidance system
A guidance system composed of emergency guidance elements (4.1.3)
that guides people to evacuate from dangerous areas along a designated
escape route (5.3.8) in an emergency.
Note: In the emergency guidance system, the guidance elements mainly
include evacuation plan, safety signs, safety marks, etc.
5.2 Safety sign system
5.2.1
Safety sign
A sign (3.1.1) which is formed by the graphical symbols (2.1.2) in the
geometric shape formed by the background color (3.4.1.3) formed by the
safety color (3.4.1.5) and/or the enclosure (3.4.1.2) to convey specific
safety information.
A plan that provides escape routes (5.3.8) and emergency facilities and
other information.
5.3.2
Maintained safety sign
During normal or emergency operation, the sign (3.1.1) whose internal
lamps are always energized.
5.3.3
Non-maintained safety sign
The sign (3.1.1) whose internal luminaire is only activated when the power
supply for normal lighting fails.
5.3.4
Emergency exit
The door or passage in the escape route (5.3.8) leading to a safe place.
5.3.4.1
Final exit
The final emergency exit (5.3.4) which connects the escape route (5.3.8)
and the safe place.
5.3.5
Dead end corridor
Corridors with only one-way escape routes (5.3.8).
5.3.6
Assembly area
A designated safety area for the concentration of evacuees outside the
hazardous area.
5.3.7
Emergency shelter
A safety place with emergency life service facilities (4.3.2) for emergency
or temporary refuge nearby and where the refuge can live temporarily.
6.1.3
Conspicuity
The characteristics of the signs (3.1.1)/guidance elements (4.1.3) in the
field of vision which are more attractive than their environmental background.
Note: This term also applies to the guidance system's setting principle (see
6.2).
6.1.4
Uniformity
The characteristics of the visual elements (3.4.1) used in the design of the
< guidance system> guidance element (4.1.3) and the setting method and
setting location used by the setting being similar.
Note: This term also applies to the guidance system's setting principle (see
6.2).
6.1.5
Coordination
The characteristics of visual elements (3.4.1) as cooperated with each
other to realize the overall effectiveness of the guidance element (4.1.3), or
the characteristics of guidance elements (4.1.3) to cooperate with each
other or the environment to realize the overall function of the guidance
system.
Note: This term also applies to the guidance system's setting principle (see
6.2).
6.2 Principles of guidance system setting
6.2.1
Systematicness
The characteristics of various guidance elements (4.1.3) in the guidance
system for the continuous transmission of information and the smooth link
and conversion of information between the guidance systems to achieve the
guidance purpose.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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