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GB 18384-2020 PDF in English


GB 18384-2020 (GB18384-2020) PDF English
Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] delivered inName of Chinese StandardStatus
GB 18384-2020English185 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery. Electric vehicles safety requirements Valid
GB/T 18384.1-2015English85 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery. Electrically propelled road vehicles -- Safety specifications -- Part 1: On-board rechargeable energy storage system (REESS) Obsolete
GB/T 18384.1-2001English479 Add to Cart 4 days Safety requirements of electric vehicles -- Part 1: board energy storage Obsolete
Standards related to (historical): GB 18384-2020
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GB 18384-2020: PDF in English

GB 18384-2020 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.020 T 40 Replacing GB/T 18384.1-2015, GB/T 18384.2-2015, GB/T 18384.3-2015 Electric vehicles safety requirements ISSUED ON: MAY 12, 2020 IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2021 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  Introduction ... 5  1 Scope ... 6  2 Normative references ... 6  3 Terms and definitions ... 7  4 Voltage class ... 7  5 Safety requirements ... 8  5.1 Requirements for protection of persons against electric shock ... 8  5.2 Requirements for functional safety protection ... 14  5.3 Requirements for traction battery ... 16  5.4 Requirements for collision protection of vehicles ... 16  5.5 Requirements for flame-retardant protection of vehicles ... 17  5.6 Requirements for vehicle charging interface ... 17  5.7 Requirements for vehicle alarm and prompt ... 17  5.8 Requirements for vehicle event data recording ... 17  5.9 Requirements for electromagnetic compatibility ... 17  6 Test methods ... 17  6.1 Protection against direct contact ... 17  6.2 Protection against indirect contact ... 18  6.3 Waterproof of the whole vehicle ... 25  6.4 Functional safety protection ... 25  7 Date of implementation ... 25  Appendix A (Normative) Method for verifying waterproof performance of class B voltage components ... 26  Bibliography ... 28  Electric vehicles safety requirements 1 Scope This Standard specifies the safety requirements and test methods for electric vehicles. This Standard applies to electric vehicles whose maximum working voltage of the on-board drive system is class B voltage. This Standard does not apply to road vehicles, which are continuously connected to the grid during driving. 2 Normative references The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition (including all the amendments) are applicable to this document. GB/T 4094.2 Electric vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales GB 7258-2017 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on roads GB 8410 Flammability of automotive interior materials GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB 11551 The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision for motor vehicle GB 17354 Front and rear protective devices for passenger cars GB/T 18387 Limits and test method of magnetic and electric field strength from electric vehicles GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles GB/T 19836 Instrumentation for electric vehicles GB 20071 The protection of the occupants in the event of a lateral collision GB/T 20234.1 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - b) The high-voltage connector requires at least two different actions to separate it from the mutual docking ends. The high-voltage connector has a mechanical locking relationship with some other mechanism. Before the high-voltage connector is opened, the locking mechanism can only be opened by using tools; or c) After the high-voltage connector is separated, the voltage of the live part of the connector can, within 1 s, be reduced to not more than 30 V (a.c.) (rms) and not more than 60 V (d.c.). 5.1.3.4 Requirements for high-voltage service disconnect For vehicles equipped with a high-voltage service disconnect, the high-voltage service disconnect shall not be opened or pulled out without tools, except for the following two cases: a) After the high-voltage service disconnect is opened or pulled out, the live part of the class B voltage meets the requirements for degree of protection of IPXXB specified in GB/T 4208-2017; or b) Within 1 s after separation, the voltage of the live part of the class B voltage of the high-voltage service disconnect drops to not more than 30 V (a.c.) (rms) and not more than 60 V (d.c.) 5.1.3.5 Requirements for charging socket When the vehicle charging socket and the vehicle charging plug are disconnected, the vehicle charging socket shall meet at least one of the following requirements: a) Within 1 s after disconnection, the voltage of the live part of the class B voltage of the charging socket drops to no more than 30 V (a.c.) (rms) and no more than 60 V (d.c.); or the total energy stored in the circuit is less than 0.2 J; or b) When meeting the requirements for degree of protection of IPXXB specified in GB/T 4208-2017 and within 1 min, the voltage of the live part of the class B voltage of the charging socket drops to no more than 30 V (a.c.) (rms) and no more than 60 V (d.c.); or the total energy stored in the circuit is less than 0.2 J. 5.1.4 Requirements for protection against indirect contact 5.1.4.1 Requirements for insulation resistance Under the maximum working voltage, the insulation resistance of the d.c. circuit insulation resistance value is less than the threshold specified by the manufacturer, the driver shall be reminded by an obvious tell-tale (for example: acoustic or optical signal). The threshold specified by the manufacturer shall not be lower than that required by 5.1.4.1. 5.1.4.3 Requirements for potential equalization Exposed conductive parts for protection against direct contact with class B voltage circuits, such as conductive enclosures and barriers, shall be conductively connected to the electric platform; and, meet the following requirements: a) The connection impedance between the exposed conductive part and the electric platform shall not be greater than 0.1 Ω; b) In the potential equalization path, any two exposed conductive parts which can be touched by a person at the same time, that is, the resistance between two conductive parts whose distance is not more than 2.5 m shall not be greater than 0.2 Ω. If a soldered connection is used, it is considered to meet the above requirements. 5.1.4.4 Requirements for capacitive coupling Capacitive coupling shall meet at least one of the following requirements: a) In class B voltage circuit, the energy stored in the total capacitance between any class B voltage live part and the electric platform, at its maximum working voltage, shall not be greater than 0.2 J. 0.2 J is the maximum storage energy requirement for the Y capacitor on the positive side or the Y capacitor on the negative side of the class B voltage circuit. In addition, if there are class B voltage circuits isolated from each other, then 0.2 J is a separate requirement for each circuit isolated from each other. Or b) Class B voltage circuits have at least two insulation layers, barriers, or enclosures; or are arranged in the enclosure or behind the barrier. These enclosures or barriers shall be able to withstand a pressure of not less than 10 kPa, without obvious plastic deformation. 5.1.4.5 Requirements for charging socket 5.1.4.5.1 Vehicle’s a.c. charging socket The vehicle’s a.c. charging socket shall have terminals to connect the electric From the power-off state of the drive system to the "drivable mode", the vehicle shall go through at least two consciously different actions. At least one action is to press the brake pedal. Only one action is required from the "drivable mode" to the power-off state of the drive system. The driver shall be continuously or intermittently indicated that the vehicle is already in the "drivable mode". When the driver leaves the vehicle, if the drive system is still in the "drivable mode", the driver shall be alerted by an obvious tell-tale (for example, an acoustic or optical signal). When the vehicle is stopped, after the drive system is automatically or manually shut down, it can only re-enter the "drivable mode" through the above procedure. 5.2.2 Driving 5.2.2.1 Power reduction prompt If the electric drive system adopts measures to automatically limit and reduce the driving power of the vehicle, when the limitation and reduction of the driving power affects the driving of the vehicle, the driver shall be alerted by an obvious tell-tale (for example, an acoustic or optical signal). 5.2.2.2 REESS low battery prompt If the low battery of REESS affects the driving of the vehicle, the driver shall be alerted by an obvious tell-tale (for example, an acoustic or optical signal). 5.2.2.3 REESS thermal event alarm If REESS is about to have a thermal runaway safety event, the driver shall be alerted by an obvious tell-tale (for example, an acoustic or optical signal). 5.2.2.4 Brake priority For the vehicle control system, when the brake signal and the acceleration signal occur simultaneously, priority is given to the brake signal. 5.2.3 Gear shift 5.2.3.1 Driving gear shift When the driver directly drives the vehicle, and switches from the non-driving gear to the driving gear when the vehicle is stationary, the brake pedal shall be depressed. 5.5 Requirements for flame-retardant protection of vehicles The flame-retardant properties of interior materials of electric vehicles shall meet the requirements of GB 8410. Note: The scope of application of this subclause is consistent with GB 8410. 5.6 Requirements for vehicle charging interface The charging interface of electric vehicles shall meet the requirements of GB/T 20234.1. Note: The scope of application of this subclause is consistent with GB/T 20234.1. 5.7 Requirements for vehicle alarm and prompt Electric vehicle alarms and prompts shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 19836 and GB/T 4094.2. Note: The scope of application of this subclause is consistent with GB/T 19836 and GB/T 4094.2. 5.8 Requirements for vehicle event data recording Type M1 electric vehicles shall be equipped with an event data recording system (EDR) or on-board video driving recording device. 5.9 Requirements for electromagnetic compatibility The electromagnetic compatibility of electric vehicles shall meet the requirements of GB 34660 and GB/T 18387. Note: The scope of application of this subclause is consistent with GB 34660 and GB/T 18387. 6 Test methods 6.1 Protection against direct contact During the test of protection against direct contact, the vehicle shall be in a power-off state for the whole vehicle; all barriers and enclosures of the vehicle shall be intact. During the test process, without using other tools, in accordance with the test methods of IPXXD and IPXXB in GB/T 4208-2017, the testing personnel only use probes or test fingers to perform IP code tests on openings and connectors outside and inside the vehicle. 6.2.1.3 Measurement method for insulation resistance of class B voltage load without power supply The specific measurement steps are as follows: a) Disconnect all power supplies (including class A voltage power supplies) of the class B voltage load under test; b) Conductively connect all class B voltage live parts of the class B voltage load each other; c) Conductively connect all exposed conductive parts and class A voltage parts of class B voltage load to the electric platform; d) Connect the insulation resistance test equipment between the live part and the electric platform. The equipment can be a megohmmeter; e) SET the test voltage of the insulation resistance test equipment to not lower than the highest working voltage of the class B voltage circuit; f) READ the insulation resistance value of class B voltage load as Rx. If there are multiple voltage classes in the conductively-connected circuit in the system (for example: there is a boost converter in the system), and some components cannot withstand the maximum working voltage of the entire circuit, these components can be disconnected. USE their respective maximum working voltages to individually measure the insulation resistance. 6.2.1.4 Calculation of the insulation resistance of the whole vehicle For the vehicle with all class B voltage loads working at the same time, according to the test method of 6.2.1.2, the insulation resistance of the whole vehicle can be directly measured. Otherwise, the insulation resistance of the class B voltage load, which cannot be tested in 6.2.1.2, needs to be measured in accordance with 6.2.1.3. The measured result Ri in 6.2.1.2 and the insulation resistance Rx of each class B voltage load measured in 6.2.1.3 are calculated in parallel, which is the insulation resistance of the whole vehicle. If the whole vehicle has two or more class B voltage circuits isolated from each other, by the method of this subclause, the insulation resistance of each class B voltage circuit can be measured and calculated, respectively. The minimum value is taken as the insulation resistance of the whole vehicle. 6.2.2 Insulation resistance of charging socket The measurement steps are as follows: a) At normal temperature, according to the test method of 6.2.1, measure the current insulation resistance value of the whole vehicle as Ri; and, record the high-voltage side of REESS, where the smaller measured voltage U1′ of the test step b) of 6.2.1.2 is located. b) According to the normal operation process of the vehicle under test, make the vehicle enter the "drivable mode". c) In step a), if U1′ is at the positive end of REESS, then, as shown in Figure 7, an adjustable resistor is connected in parallel between the positive end of REESS and the vehicle electric platform. Conversely, if U1′ is at the negative end of REESS, an adjustable resistor is connected in parallel between the negative end of REESS and the vehicle electric platform. When starting the measurement, the resistance of the adjustable resistor is set to the maximum value. d) According to the requirements of 5.1.4.1, if the minimum insulation resistance is required to be 100 Ω/V, then the resistance of the adjustable resistor is reduced to the target value Rx. Rx is calculated according to formula (3): According to the requirements of 5.1.4.1, if the minimum insulation resistance is required to be 500 Ω/V, then the resistance of the adjustable resistor is reduced to the target value Rx. Rx is calculated according to formula (4): Where: UREESS - The current total voltage of the battery pack, in volts (V). e) Observe whether the vehicle has obvious acoustic or optical alarm. 6.3 Waterproof of the whole vehicle 6.3.1 Simulated cleaning The scope of this test is the boundary line of the whole vehicle, such as the seal between two parts, the glass sealing ring, the outer edge of the openable part, the boundary of the front pillar, and the sealing ring of the lamp. In this test, the IPX5 hose nozzle in GB/T 4208-2017 is used. USE clean water, at a flow rate of 12.5 L/min±0.5 L/min, at a speed of 0.10 m/s±0.05 m/s; SPRAY water to all boundary lines in all possible directions. The distance from the nozzle to the boundary line is 3.0 m±0.5 m. 6.3.2 Simulated wading In a pool of 100 mm depth, the vehicle shall be driven at a speed of 20 km/h±2 km/h for at least 500 m, for a time of about 1.5 min. If the pool distance is less than 500 m, the test shall be repeated, so that the cumulative wading distance is not less than 500 m. The total test time including the vehicle outside the pool shall be less than 10 min. 6.4 Functional safety protection According to the functional protection requirements specified in 5.2, the manufacturer shall provide specific program descriptions, including the triggering conditions of protective actions, operation instructions, and alarm prompt signal instructions, etc. According to the description materials, the testing agency will test and verify a real vehicle and compare with the requirements in 5.2, to determine the compliance. 7 Date of implementation For the vehicle types which newly apply for type approval, this Standard will be implemented from the date of implementation. For vehicle types which have received type approval, this Standard will be implemented from the 13th month from the date of implementation. Regarding the requirement that type M1 electric vehicles shall be equipped with an event data recording system or an on-board video driving recording device, the implementation date shall be in accordance with the requirements of 15.4 in GB 7258-2017. a) If the height of the lower surface of the component from the ground is less than 300 mm, the high-voltage component shall meet the requirements of IPX7 in GB/T 4208-2017; b) If the height of the lower surface of the component from the ground is not less than 300 mm, and there is no barrier under the component, the high- voltage component needs to meet the requirements of IPX5 in GB/T 4208- 2017; c) If the height of the lower surface of the component from the ground is not less than 300 mm, and there is barrier under the component, the high- voltage component needs to meet the requirements of IPX4 in GB/T 4208- 2017. A.1.3 The manufacturer shall provide the insulation resistance of all class B voltage components in Table A.1 after completing the tests in A.2; and, perform a parallel calculation to obtain the insulation resistance of the whole vehicle, which shall meet the requirements of 5.1.4.1. A.2 Waterproof test method for class B voltage components A.2.1 The IPX7, IPX5, and IPX4 tests shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 4208-2017. A.2.2 During the testing of IPX7, IPX5, and IPX4, before checking the internal water ingress of class B voltage components, by the test method of 6.2.1, the insulation resistance shall be tested first. ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.