PDF GB 17761-2024 English (GB 17761-2018: Older version)
Search result: GB 17761-2024 (GB 17761-2018 Older version)
| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivered in | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB 17761-2024 | English | 605 |
Add to Cart
|
0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery.
|
Safety technical specification for electric bicycle
| Valid |
| GB 17761-2018 | English | 145 |
Add to Cart
|
0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery.
|
Safety technical specification for electric bicycle
| Valid |
| GB 17761-1999 | English | 519 |
Add to Cart
|
3 days
|
Electric bicycles. General technical requirements
| Obsolete |
PDF Preview: GB 17761-2024 PDF Preview: GB 17761-2018
GB 17761-2024: PDF in English GB 17761-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.140
CCS Y 14
Replacing GB 17761-2018
Safety technical specification for electric bicycle
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 31, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. SEPTEMBER 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
Introduction... 6
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative references... 7
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations... 8
3.1 Terms and definitions... 8
3.2 Abbreviations... 10
4 General requirements... 10
5 Bicycle marking... 11
5.1 Nameplate... 11
5.2 Bicycle coding... 11
5.3 Motor code... 13
5.4 License plate installation position... 13
5.5 Product certificate... 13
6 Safety requirements and test methods... 14
6.1 Bicycle safety... 14
6.2 Mechanical safety... 22
6.3 Electrical safety... 25
6.4 Fire retardancy... 29
6.5 Plastic proportion... 31
6.6 Beidou positioning function... 32
6.7 Communication and dynamic safety monitoring... 33
6.8 Anti-tampering... 35
6.9 Instruction manual... 39
6.10 Helmets... 40
7 Enterprise quality assurance capabilities and product consistency... 41
7.1 General requirements... 41
7.2 Enterprise production capacity... 41
7.3 Enterprise testing capability... 42
7.4 Enterprise quality control capability... 42
7.5 Inspection rules... 43
8 Implementation of the standard... 45
Appendix A (Normative) Mechanical strength test... 46
Appendix B (Informative) Beidou module performance... 48
B.1 Glossary... 48
B.2 Positioning detection environment... 49
Safety technical specification for electric bicycle
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements for electric bicycles, such as bicycle
marking, bicycle safety, mechanical safety, electrical safety, fire retardancy, plastic ratio,
Beidou positioning function, communication and dynamic safety monitoring, anti-
tampering, instruction manual, enterprise quality assurance capability, product
consistency; describes the corresponding test methods.
This document applies to electric bicycles.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential terms of this document
through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the
latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 755-2019 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance
GB 811 Helmets for motorcycle and electric bicycle users
GB/T 3565.1-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 1.Terms and definitions
GB 3565.2-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 2.Requirements for city
and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
GB/T 3565.4-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4.Braking test methods
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 5169.16 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16.Test
flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
GB/T 5296.1 Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 1.General
principles
GB/T 5454 Textiles - Burning behavior - Oxygen index method
GB/T 5455 Textile - Burning behavior - Determination of damaged length, afterglow
time and after-flame time of vertically oriented specimens
functions.
3.2 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
PDOP. Position Dilution of Precision
4G. the 4th Generation mobile communication technology
5G. the 5th Generation mobile communication technology
4 General requirements
4.1 Electric bicycles shall not be dangerous in normal use, reasonably foreseeable
misuse, malfunction. Dangers include but are not limited to the following situations.
a) The heat generated causes material deterioration, fire or burns;
b) Burning, explosion, electric shock, etc. during charging, driving, parking, etc.;
c) Personal injury caused by the breakage, loosening, deformation, motion
interference of the whole bicycle or parts.
4.2 The software and hardware of electric bicycles shall have anti-tampering design, to
prevent unauthorized modification or change of the maximum speed, motor power,
voltage, etc.
4.3 Unless otherwise specified, the testing equipment and instruments used in this
document shall comply with the provisions of relevant standards such as GB/T 12742.
The accuracy level of the instrument used to test electrical devices (except for withstand
voltage testers and insulation resistance testers) shall not be lower than level 1; the
ripple factor of the DC power supply shall not be greater than 5%.
During the test, the capacity of the on-board battery pack shall not be less than 90% of
its rated capacity.
If riding-related tests are involved, such as 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.8, etc., the test conditions
are.
a) Road test environment. Temperature is -5 °C ~ 35 °C; wind speed is not more than
3 m/s; the test shall not be carried out in rainy or snowy weather;
b) Test road surface. Flat asphalt or concrete road surface, the road surface shall be
hard, without soft dust or gravel; the minimum friction coefficient between the
dry road surface and the tire is 0.5;
c) Bicycle speed detection equipment. Accuracy ±2%, resolution 0.1 km/h;
d) The mass of the rider is 75 kg; the weight is increased to 75 kg if it is insufficient;
e) The test bicycle is a fully assembled electric bicycle;
f) The tire shall be fully inflated according to the maximum recommended pressure
marked on the outer tire; the pressure deviation is ±10 kPa.
5 Bicycle marking
5.1 Nameplate
The nameplate shall indicate the following information in Chinese. Product name,
model, manufacturer name or trademark, production date/manufacturing date, battery
type, etc.
Note 1.Product name, such as electric bicycle, electric-assisted bicycle, etc.
Note 2.Battery type, such as lead-acid battery, lithium manganese oxide battery, lithium iron
manganese phosphate battery, lithium iron phosphate battery, sodium ion battery, etc.
The nameplate shall also indicate the recommended service life, in the format of "The
recommended service life of this bicycle is × years".
Note 3.The recommended service life of electric bicycles is determined by the manufacturer,
based on a comprehensive consideration of various factors such as the service life and aging
rate of the main components and electrical circuits of the bicycle.
Electric bicycles used for commercial activities such as urban logistics and commercial
leasing shall be marked with "commercial" or the character " " on the nameplate.
The content indicated on the nameplate shall be standardized, clear, durable, easy to
identify.
Use a cotton cloth dipped in water to wipe the nameplate for 15 s; then use a cotton
cloth dipped in 75% (volume fraction) alcohol to wipe it for 15 s. After the test, the
information shall be complete and clear; there shall be no curling.
5.2 Bicycle coding
The unique bicycle coding of each electric bicycle shall be permanently marked on the
The parts engraved with the bicycle code shall not be processed by grinding, patching,
gasketing, etc. When observed from the top or front, there shall be no covering on the
surface of a large enough area around the engraving area; if there is a covering, the
surface of the covering shall be clearly marked with the words "bicycle code",
meanwhile the covering can be directly removed, uncovered and restored without using
any special tools, so that a large enough surface including the engraving area can be
easily observed.
If paint, coating, plating and other materials are used in the bicycle code engraving area,
the height of the engraved font shall be greater than or equal to 4 mm before and after
engraving, which shall be clearly visible.
The bicycle code shall be marked with high temperature resistant permanent marking.
Put the sample of the engraved area into a heating furnace at (950 ± 10) °C; keep it at
this test temperature for 0.5 h. Then take out the specimen and cool it naturally to room
temperature in the air. After the test, the bicycle code shall be clearly visible.
If the bicycle frame is made of materials that are not resistant to high temperatures, such
as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, etc., the code shall be engraved on the frame of
the whole bicycle; the same code shall be engraved with high-temperature resistant
materials within 5 cm from the edge of the code and fixed on the frame.
5.3 Motor code
The motor code shall at least include information on the motor power and rated voltage;
it shall be permanently engraved on the motor housing and shall be easy to observe and
read.
5.4 License plate installation position
The rear of the electric bicycle shall have a convenient location for installing the license
plate, which shall have 2 mounting holes and the center spacing shall be 80 mm.
5.5 Product certificate
The product certificate shall clearly indicate the product name, model, manufacturer or
trademark, manufacturer and address, production date/manufacturing date, bicycle code,
motor code, drive mode (electric drive and/or electric power), maximum design speed,
bicycle mass, motor power and rated voltage, battery type, length/width/height, front
and rear wheel center distance, nameplate fixing position, bicycle code position,
recommended service life, other information, whether it is used for business activities
such as urban logistics or commercial leasing, as well as bicycle photos, etc.
Note. Other information such as China Compulsory Certification (CCC) certificate number, etc.
The above information shall be indicated in the product certificate using a QR code,
where the QR code shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 18284.
6 Safety requirements and test methods
6.1 Bicycle safety
6.1.1 Speed limit
6.1.1.1 Speed limit requirements
The speed limit of electric bicycles shall comply with the following requirements.
a) When driving with the electric drive function, the maximum speed shall not
exceed the maximum design speed; the maximum design speed shall not exceed
25 km/h. If the speed exceeds 25 km/h, the motor shall not provide power output.
Note. In the case of continuous downhill driving, the speed may exceed 25 km/h.
b) When driving with the electric power assist function, if the speed exceeds 25 km/h,
the motor shall not provide power output.
6.1.1.2 Speed limit test method
The test shall be carried out in accordance with the following provisions.
a) Speed limit test of electric bicycles with electric drive function. Check the
instruction manual to confirm whether the maximum design speed exceeds 25
km/h; the test bicycle starts to accelerate from rest, the speed control handle shall
be kept at the maximum opening. The test bicycle reaches the maximum speed
and maintains the maximum speed. Pass the 2 m test section and record the speed
value passing the test section; the test is carried out twice, the average value is
taken to compare whether the average value is less than the maximum design
speed specified in the manual. The speed control handle shall be kept at the
maximum opening; the power device shall be used to assist the bicycle under test
to reach and maintain a speed of 24.5 km/h ~ 25.5 km/h. Measure whether the
motor drive current drops to 0 A.
b) Speed limit test of electric bicycles with electric power assist function. The
driving wheel of the test bicycle is in contact with the drum; the ammeter is
connected in series to the circuit of the battery pack output end. Use the electric
power assist function to adjust the driving wheel speed of the test bicycle to 25
km/h; record the working current at this time to see whether it is less than or equal
The size limits of electric bicycles shall meet the following requirements.
a) The height of the whole bicycle (excluding the rearview mirror and the rearview
mirror connecting rod) is less than or equal to 1100 mm; the width of the bicycle
body (excluding the handlebars, pedals, rearview mirrors and the rearview mirror
connecting rod) is less than or equal to 400 mm; the center distance between the
front and rear wheels is less than or equal to 1250 mm; the saddle height is greater
than or equal to 635 mm. The requirements for the height and center distance of
the front and rear wheels of electric bicycles with only electric power assist
function are not applicable.
Note. To ensure driving safety, electric bicycles are encouraged to install rearview mirrors.
b) The length of the saddle is less than or equal to 350 mm.
c) The maximum width of the flat part of the hanger above the rear wheel is less than
or equal to 175 mm. The rear hanger shall be a flat or nearly flat structure made
of metal bars, tubes, etc., with a thickness not exceeding 40 mm. Metal bars can
be used to strengthen the fixation with the bicycle body, but the rear hanger itself
and the metal reinforcement bars shall not be covered by the exterior parts; the
height of the flat part of the rear hanger shall be significantly lower than the height
of the bottom of the saddle. If the taillights are attached to the rear hanger, they
shall not block the main metal structure on both sides of the rear hanger.
6.1.5.2 Dimension limit test method
Dimension limits are measured according to the following provisions.
a) Dimensions.
1) Bicycle height. The front and rear wheels of the test bicycle are on the ground;
the bicycle body is perpendicular to the support surface; the distance between
the support surface and the highest point of the handlebar of the test bicycle is
measured (excluding the rearview mirror and the rearview mirror connecting
rod);
2) Bicycle width. Use length measuring tools to measure (excluding the handlebar,
pedals, rearview mirror and rearview mirror connecting rod);
3) Front and rear wheel center distance. Adjust the front and rear wheel center
planes to be parallel; use length measuring tools to measure the distance
between the front axle center and the rear axle center;
4) Saddle height. The front and rear wheels of the test bicycle are on the ground;
the bicycle body is perpendicular to the support surface; the maximum vertical
height between the saddle and the support surface is measured with a
measuring tool. If the saddle tube is adjustable, adjust the saddle tube to the
minimum insertion depth before measuring.
b) Saddle length.
1) The front and rear wheels of the test bicycle are on the ground; the bicycle
body is perpendicular to the support surface. On the longitudinal centerline of
the test bicycle, select the intersection of the saddle where the front and rear
edges of the saddle are 30° with the horizontal plane as the front and rear ends
of the saddle (see Figure 2); mark them. Along the surface of the seat cushion,
use a measuring tool to measure the distance between the front and rear ends
of the seat cushion;
2) For models with two or more saddles installed, the length of each saddle shall
be tested; the total saddle length after accumulation shall be less than or equal
to 350 mm;
3) Except for the rear hanger, the length of the flat or nearly flat structure at the
rear of the electric bicycle saddle in the longitudinal direction of the bicycle
body is included in the total length of the saddle;
4) For models with a rear hanger installed, if there is a flat or nearly flat structure
after the rear hanger is removed, its length in the longitudinal direction of the
bicycle body shall also be included in the total length of the saddle;
5) The length of the bicycle body base for installing the saddle in the longitudinal
direction of the bicycle body shall not exceed 400 mm; it shall not extend
forward and backward (the bicycle body base for installing the saddle refers to
the basically complete bicycle body outline located below the saddle, which is
covered or spliced with exterior parts. The starting position is approximately
behind the footrest or the middle axis; it extends backward to the rear of the
bicycle. When measuring, it shall be measured from the front end of the bicycle
body base for installing the saddle to the rear end of the bicycle. The frame,
lights, fenders and other parts designed as an integral part of the bicycle body
shall also be included in the length of the bicycle body base, but the rear hanger,
flat fork, wheel parts are not included. For those which are difficult to
determine the front end of the bicycle body base, the front end of the saddle
shall be used as the measurement starting point).
c) Hanger width.
Measure and check with length measuring tools.
6.1.6 Structure
6.1.6.1 Pedal clearance
The pedal clearance of electric bicycles with pedal riding function shall comply with
D - Driving wheel diameter, in meters (m);
n - Driving wheel speed, in revolutions per minute (r/min).
6.1.7.2.2 Prompt sound pressure level
The prompt sound pressure level shall be measured in accordance with the following
provisions.
a) Test environment.
1) The test site is a flat ground with a dry surface made of concrete, asphalt or
hard materials with high reflectivity (excluding compacted soil or other natural
materials). A rectangular test area is marked in the site; the four sides of the
rectangle are at least 3 m away from the outer contour of the test bicycle
(excluding the handlebars). There are no obstacles that affect the sound level
meter reading within this range; the distance between the sound level meter
microphone and the edge of the road shall be no less than 1 m;
2) During the test, except for the test personnel and the rider, no other personnel
shall be in the test area; the position of the test personnel and the rider shall
not affect the instrument reading;
3) The test is carried out indoors or outdoors. When it is carried out outdoors,
there must be no rain or snow and the wind speed is not more than 3 m/s; the
influence of gusts on the sound level meter reading is eliminated during the
test;
4) During the test, the background noise (A-weighted sound level) is not higher
than 50 dB(A).
b) Test method.
1) Acoustic measuring instrument. The sound pressure level is measured using a
sound level meter with first-level accuracy;
2) Place the test bicycle on the test site and lift the driving wheels off the ground.
Place sound level meters on both sides of the bicycle at a distance of 2 m from
the center of the bicycle body and a height of 1.2 m, for measurement;
3) Turn on the circuit and adjust the bicycle speed to the prompt sound; read the
maximum reading of the sound level meter respectively; calculate the average
reading of the sound level meter on the left and right sides (keep the integer).
6.1.8 Water splashing and wading
6.1.8.1 Water splashing and wading requirements
The test is carried out according to the water splashing and wading test method specified
in 6.1.8.2.After the test, the electric bicycle shall be able to ride normally; all electrical
components shall function normally; the insulation resistance value shall be greater than
or equal to 1 MΩ.
6.1.8.2 Water spraying and wading test method
6.1.8.2.1 Water spraying
The water spraying test is carried out according to the following provisions.
a) The test bicycle body is perpendicular to the support surface, the driving wheel is
off the ground, the circuit is turned on before the test;
b) Use a sprinkler device that meets the IPX3 requirements of GB/T 4208-2017, with
a flow rate of 10 L/min ± 0.5 L/min and a duration of 10 min, to spray the test
bicycle with water (tap water) in all directions.
Note that after the water spraying test, the wading test shall be carried out within
5 min.
6.1.8.2.2 Water wading
This test is carried out in a pool with a water depth of 100 mm; the electric bicycle is
driven at a speed of 15 km/h for 500 m. If the length of the pool cannot meet the
specified continuous driving time, it can be carried out back and forth, but the total
driving time (including the time outside the pool) shall be less than 10 min.
6.1.8.2.3 Post-test measurement
After the wading test, check whether the electric bicycle can be ridden normally and
whether the functions of the electrical components are normal; at the same time,
measure the insulation resistance of the test bicycle within 5 minutes. Disconnect the
battery circuit; connect one end of the 500 V insulation resistance tester to the positive
or negative pole of the test bicycle circuit; connect the other end to the frame,
handlebars and motor housing in turn; measure the insulation resistance of the test
bicycle.
6.1.9 Data storage function
Electric bicycles used for commercial activities such as urban logistics and commercial
leasing shall store the position and driving speed information of the last 20 stops within
1 minute before each second. The driving speed is the speed converted from the electric
bicycle motor speed.
Check and verify compliance through enterprise-specific software or host computer.
6.2.1.3.1 Requirements
After testing according to the test method specified in 6.2.1.3.2, the assembly shall have
no visible cracks or damage; no separation of the assembly and any part of the shock-
absorbing system shall occur.
6.2.1.3.2 Test method
This test shall be carried out on the frame/front fork and roller assembly used in 6.2.1.2.
The assembly shall be supported on the rear axle, so that it can rotate freely in a vertical
plane around the rear axle. The front fork shall be placed on a flat steel anvil so that the
frame is in its normal use position. A weight of 70 kg shall be fastened to the seat tube
and its center of gravity shall be placed on the axis of the seat tube 75 mm from the
upper end of the seat tube. The assembly shall be rotated around the rear axle, so that
the center of gravity of the 70 kg weight is vertically placed above the rear axle; then
the assembly shall be allowed to fall freely and impact on the steel anvil (see Figure
A.2 in Appendix A).
This test shall be repeated twice.
For test bicycles with the battery pack installed on the frame, this component shall be
included in the test. If this affects the normal progress of the test, the battery pack may
be removed and the corresponding weight may be added to the corresponding position.
If the frame is equipped with a shock-absorbing front fork, the assembly shall be tested
so that the front fork is in a free length in a no-load state. If the shock-absorbing spring
can be locked, it shall be locked at no-load length. For frames equipped with rear shock
absorbers, tighten the shock absorber in the same way as if a 75 kg rider were sitting on
the test bike; if the shock absorber is not allowed to be locked, a solid connection of the
same size may be used instead of the spring and shock absorber; the connection method
at both ends shall be the same as the spring and shock absorber.
6.2.2 Stem and saddle tube (when applicable)
6.2.2.1 Stem safety line
There shall be a permanent mark on the stem tube, to clearly indicate the minimum
depth of the stem tube inserted into the front fork stem, or a reliable permanent device
to ensure its minimum insertion depth. The insertion mark or insertion depth shall be
no less than 2.5 times the tube diameter measured from the end of the stem tube; there
shall be at least one tube diameter length of tube material without a groove below the
mark. The insertion mark shall not damage the strength of the stem tube.
Visually inspect the stem tube for safety line marks or devices; measure the safety line
position.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
|