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GB 50194-2014: Safety code of power supply and consumption for installation construction engineering
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 50194-2014 (GB50194-2014) | | Description (Translated English) | Safety code of power supply and consumption for installation construction engineering | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P09 | | Classification of International Standard | 91.010.01 | | Word Count Estimation | 84,833 | | Date of Issue | 4/15/2014 | | Date of Implementation | 1/1/2015 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 50194-1993 | | Quoted Standard | GB 50053; GB 50054; GB 50058; GB 50148; GB 50150; GB 50256; GB 50257; GB/T 3787; GB/Z 6829; GB/T 11918; GB/T 11919; GB/T 12527; GB 13955; GB/T 14049; GB/T 18379; JGJ 16 | | Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bulletin No. 406 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This standard applies to general industrial and civil construction, construction site, the design voltage of 10kV and below the power supply facilities, construction, operation, maintenance and removal, is not available for underwater, underground mines a | GB 50194-2014: Safety code of power supply and consumption for installation construction engineering
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1 General
1.0.1 In order to implement the policy of "safety first, prevention first, and comprehensive treatment" in the power supply and use of construction sites, ensure personal safety and equipment safety in the process of power supply and use at the construction site, and make the construction site The design, construction, operation, maintenance and dismantling of power supply and consumption facilities are safe, reliable, quality guaranteed, economical and reasonable, and this specification is formulated.
1.0.2 This specification applies to general industrial and civil construction projects, the design, construction, operation, maintenance and dismantling of power supply facilities with construction site voltages below 10kV, and does not apply to underwater, underground and mine projects.
1.0.3 The electricity supply and use at the construction site shall comply with the following principles.
1 The electric shock hazard that endangers the personnel on the construction site shall be protected;
2 The power supply facilities and electric tools at the construction site shall comply with the current relevant national standards, and the circuit insulation shall be good.
1.0.4 The design, construction, operation, maintenance and dismantling of power supply and consumption facilities at the construction site shall comply with the provisions of this code and the provisions of the relevant current national standards.
2 terms
2.0.1 electric shock
Physiological effects caused by the passage of electric current through the human or animal body.
2.0.2 direct contact direct contact
Human or animal contact with live parts.
2.0.3 indirect contact indirect contact
Contact of humans or animals with exposed conductive parts which become live under fault conditions.
2.0.4 Prefabricated cubical substation
A complete set of power distribution equipment consisting of components such as high-voltage switchgear, power transformer, low-voltage switchgear, electric energy metering equipment, reactive power compensation equipment, auxiliary equipment, and couplings. These components are pre-assembled in one or several boxes in the factory Inside, it is used to transmit electric energy from the high voltage system to the low voltage system.
2.0.5 degree of protection
According to the test method specified in the standard, the degree of protection provided by the enclosure against access to hazardous parts, against the ingress of solid foreign objects or the ingress of water.
2.0.6 IP code IP code
A code system indicating the degree of protection of an enclosure against access to hazardous parts, against the ingress of solid foreign objects or against the ingress of water, and additional information related to these protections.
2.0.7 neutral conductor (N) neutral conductor
A conductor that is electrically connected to a neutral point and can be used for power distribution.
2.0.8 protective conductor (PE) protective conductor
A conductor provided for protection against electric shock for safety purposes.
2.0.9 Protective grounding neutral conductor (PEN) PEN conductor
A conductor that functions as both a protective conductor (PE) and a neutral conductor (N).
2.0.10 External line external line
Power lines other than power supply lines on the construction site.
2.0.11 exposed conductive part exposed conductive part
An accessible conductive part of equipment which is not live under normal conditions but which becomes live when the basic insulation is damaged.
2.0.12 earth-termination system
The sum of ground body and ground wire.
2.0.13 Protective grounding protective earth
Grounding one or more points of a system, installation or equipment for electrical safety.
2.0.14 Earth resistance
The sum of the resistance to ground and the resistance of the grounding wire of the grounding body or natural grounding body. The value of the grounding resistance is equal to the ratio of the voltage of the grounding device to the ground and the current flowing into the ground through the grounding body.
2.0.15 Earth electrode
A conductive part that is buried in soil or a specific conductive medium and has electrical contact with the earth.
2.0.16 Natural earthing electrode
It can be used as various metal components, metal well pipes, foundations of reinforced concrete buildings, metal pipes and equipment that are directly in contact with the earth for grounding.
2.0.17 safety isolation transformer safety isolation transformer
Isolation transformer designed to provide SELV (safety extra low voltage).
2.0.18 Extra-low voltage extra-low voltage
The voltage that does not exceed the relevant Class I voltage limit specified in the current national standard "Voltage Section of Electrical Installations in Buildings" GB/T 18379 (IEC 60449).
2.0.19 Safety extra low voltage system SELV system
An AC or DC extra-low voltage circuit powered by an isolation transformer or an isolated power source such as a generator or battery. The return conductor is not grounded, and the electrical equipment casing is not intentionally connected to the protective conductor (PE) ground, but it can be in contact with the ground.
2.0.20 special environment special environment
Plateau, flammable, explosive, corrosive and humid environments are listed as special environments in this specification.
2.0.21 plateau
According to the concept of geography, the area above 1000m above sea level.
2.0.22 Corrosive environment corrosive environment
The location or place where equipment or materials are damaged or deteriorated due to the presence of chemically corrosive substances and moisture in the atmosphere is called a chemically corrosive environment, which can be referred to as a corrosive environment for short.
2.0.23 damp environment damp environment
This specification only refers to the air environment with a relative humidity greater than 95%, the site water environment, and the muddy environment.
3 Design, construction and acceptance of power supply facilities
3.1 Design of power supply facilities
3.1.1 The design of power supply and utilization shall be reasonably determined according to the project scale, site characteristics, load nature, power consumption capacity, and regional power supply and utilization conditions.
3.1.2 The power supply design shall be implemented after review and approval.
3.1.3 The power supply design shall at least include the following contents.
1 design description;
2 Statistic of power consumption capacity at the construction site;
3 load calculation;
4 transformer selection;
5 distribution lines;
6 power distribution device;
7.Grounding device and lightning protection device;
8 Power supply system diagram, floor plan.
3.2 Construction of power supply facilities
3.2.1 The power supply construction plan or construction organization design shall be implemented after review and approval.
3.2.2 The power supply construction plan or construction organization design shall include the following contents.
1 Project overview;
2 basis for preparation;
3 Power supply construction management organization;
4 Technical requirements for power distribution device installation, lightning protection grounding device installation, line laying and other construction contents;
5 Safe use of electricity and fire prevention measures.
3.2.3 The construction of power supply facilities shall be carried out in accordance with the approved power supply construction plan.
3.3 Acceptance of power supply facilities
3.3.1 After the power supply project is completed, the electrical equipment shall pass the test according to the current national standard "Electrical Equipment Handover Test Standard for Electrical Installation Engineering" GB 50150.
3.3.2 After the power supply project is completed, there should be a complete layout plan, system diagram, concealed engineering records, and test records, and it can only be put into use after passing the acceptance.
4 power generation facilities
4.0.1 The location of power generation facilities on the construction site should be comprehensively considered based on factors such as load location, transportation, line layout, frequency of pollution sources, wind direction, and surrounding environment. Power generation facilities should not be located in low-lying areas where water may accumulate.
4.0.2 The installation and use of generator sets shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The grounding type and grounding resistance of the power supply system shall be consistent with the original power supply and consumption system on the construction site.
2 The generating set should be equipped with short-circuit protection and overload protection.
3 When two or more generator sets are running in parallel, measures should be taken to limit the neutral point circulation.
4 There shall be no naked flames around the generator set, and no flammable and explosive materials shall be stored. The power generation site should be equipped with fire-fighting facilities that can be used in live sites, and should be clearly marked and eye-catching for easy access.
4.0.3 The use of portable generators shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The place where the generator is parked should be flat, and the bottom of the generator should not be less than 0.3m from the ground;
2 There should be reliable grounding measures for the metal casing of the generator and the trailer;
3 The generator should be fixed firmly;
4 The generator should be equipped with fire-fighting equipment;
5 The upper part of the generator should be equipped with a rainproof shed, and the rainproof shed should be firm and reliable.
4.0.4 The generator set power supply must be interlocked with other power supplies, parallel operation is strictly prohibited.
5 Transformation facilities
5.0.1 The design of the substation shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of 10kV and Below Substations" GB 50053.
5.0.2 The selection of the location of the substation shall meet the following requirements.
1 It should be convenient for routine inspection and maintenance;
2 It should not be located in places that are easily disturbed by construction and low-lying and prone to water accumulation.
5.0.3 The substation’s requirements for other professions shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The area and height should meet the safety distance required for the maintenance and operation of the power transformation and distribution device;
2 The substation and distribution room shall be equipped with fire extinguishing equipment suitable for electrical fires;
3 Emergency lighting shall be installed in the substation and distribution room;
4 The conspicuous location outside the substation should mark the maintenance and operation organization, personnel, contact information and other information;
5 Substations should be equipped with drainage facilities.
5.0.4 The selection and layout of substation power distribution devices shall comply with the following regulations.
1 When a box-type substation is used, its enclosure protection level should not be lower than the enclosure protection level (IP code) IP23D in Appendix A of this specification, and it should meet the environmental conditions of the construction site;
2 For box-type substations installed outdoors, the height from the bottom to the ground shall not be less than 0.5m;
3 Transformers arranged in the open air or semi-open air shall be provided with fixed fences or walls not less than 1.7m high, and warning signs shall be hung at obvious positions;
4 No less than 1m inspection or inspection passage should be reserved around the outer frame of the transformer or box-type substation and around the fence or wall.
5.0.5 The installation of substation power distribution equipment shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The on-site installation and acceptance of oil-immersed power transformers shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Power Transformers, Oil-immersed Reactors, and Transformers in Electrical Installation Engineering" GB 50148.
2.The shell of the box-type substation should have a reliable protective grounding. The screen cabinet and box door equipped with a complete set of instruments and relays shall be reliably electrically connected to the shell.
3 The incoming and outgoing lines of outdoor box-type substations should use cables, and all incoming and outgoing cable holes should be blocked.
4 The ventilation holes reserved for the foundation of the box-type substation shall be able to prevent small animals from entering.
5.0.6 The commissioning of substation power distribution devices shall comply with the following regulations.
1.After the installation or maintenance of the substation's power distribution device, the internal electrical equipment should be inspected and tested before it is put into operation, and it can only be put into operation after passing the test.
2 When the transformer is put into operation for the first time, it should be switched on with no-load full-voltage impact 5 times, and there should be no abnormality; the duration after the first power-on should not be less than 10 minutes.
6 Power distribution facilities
6.1 General provisions
6.1.1 The low-voltage power distribution system should adopt three-level power distribution, and it should be equipped with a main power distribution box, a distribution power box, and a final power distribution box.
6.1.2 The low-voltage power distribution system should not adopt chain power distribution. When some electrical equipment is far away from the power supply point, and the secondary electrical equipment with small capacity is close to each other, chain power distribution can be adopted, but each loop chain equipment should not exceed 5 sets, and its total capacity should not exceed 10kW.
6.1.3 Important loads such as fire protection shall be directly powered by the dedicated circuit of the general distribution box, and shall not be connected to overload protection and residual current protectors.
6.1.4 Large equipment such as fire pumps, construction hoists, tower cranes, and concrete pumps shall be equipped with special distribution boxes.
6.1.5 The three-phase load of the low-voltage power distribution system should be kept in balance, the maximum phase load should not exceed 115% of the average value of the three-phase load, and the minimum phase load should not be less than 85% of the average value of the three-phase load.
6.1.6 The allowable value of the voltage deviation at the end of the electrical equipment should meet the following regulations.
1 General lighting. should be 5-10% of rated voltage;
2 General-purpose motors. should be ±5% of rated voltage;
3 Other electrical equipment. ±5% of rated voltage should be used unless otherwise specified.
6.2 Power distribution room
6.2.1 The site selection of the power distribution room and the requirements for other specialties shall comply with the relevant provisions of Article 5.0.1 and Article 5.0.2 of this code.
6.2.2 The layout of power distribution devices in the power distribution room shall meet the following requirements.
1 For power distribution cabinets arranged in rows, the clear width of the operation and maintenance passages in front of and behind the cabinets should not be less than the provisions in Table 6.2.2;
Table 6.2.2 Clear width of operation and maintenance passages in front of and behind the cabinets of power distribution cabinets arranged in rows (m)
2 When the length of the power distribution cabinets arranged in a row is greater than 6m, two outlets shall be provided in the channel behind the cabinets;
3 The distance between the upper end of the power distribution device and the roof should not be less than 0.5m;
4 Lighting fixtures shall not be installed directly above the power distribution device.
6.2.3 The power supply incoming circuit of the power distribution cabinet shall be equipped with electrical appliances with power isolation, short circuit protection and overload protection functions.
6.2.4 The installation of the power distribution cabinet shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The power distribution cabinet should be installed on the steel or concrete foundation above the ground, and it should be flat and firm.
2 The metal frame and foundation steel of the power distribution cabinet shall be reliably grounded. An annealed copper wire should be used for jumper connection between the ground terminal of the door and the frame, and the minimum cross-sectional area of the jumper ground wire between the door of the power distribution cabinet and the frame should meet the requirements in Table 6.2.4.
Table 6.2.4 The minimum cross-sectional area (mm2) of the jumper grounding wire between the distribution cabinet door and the frame
Note. Ie is the rated current of the main circuit breaker in the distribution cabinet (box).
3.Neutral conductor (N) and protective conductor (PE) busbars shall be installed in the power distribution cabinet respectively, and marked. The number of terminals on the protective conductor (PE) busbar should not be less than the number of incoming and outgoing circuits.
4.The crimping of the wires should be reliable, and the anti-loosening washers and other parts should be complete, so as not to damage the wire core and not to break strands.
6.3 Distribution box
6.3.1 Several distribution boxes can be installed below the main distribution box; several final distribution boxes can be installed below the distribution box. Below the distribution box, a distribution box can be installed as needed. The main distribution box should be located in the area close to the power supply, the distribution box should be located in the area where the electrical equipment or loads are relatively concentrated, and the distance between the distribution box and the final distribution box should not exceed 30m.
6.3.2 The power distribution box and the lighting distribution box should be installed separately. When the combination is set as the same distribution box, the power and lighting shall be powered separately; the final power distribution box and the final lighting distribution box shall be set separately.
6.3.3 The power supply of electrical equipment or sockets should be led from the final distribution box. When one final distribution box directly controls multiple electrical equipment or sockets, each electrical equipment or socket should have its own independent protection electrical appliances.
6.3.4 When the distribution box directly controls the electrical equipment or socket, each electrical equipment or socket should have its own independent protective device.
6.3.5 The distribution box installed outdoors should be of outdoor type, and its protection level should not be lower than the enclosure protection level (IP code) IP44 in Appendix A of this code, and the protection level of the operating surface inside the door should not be lower than IP21.
6.3.6 The vertical distance between the center of the fixed distribution box and the ground should be 1.4m~1.6m, and the installation should be level and firm. For distribution boxes and cabinets installed on the ground outdoors, the bottom should not be less than 0.2m from the ground.
6.3.7 The neutral conductor (N) and protective conductor (PE) bus bars shall be installed in the main distribution box and the distribution box respectively, and marked; the number of terminals on the protective conductor (PE) bus bar shall not be less than that of the incoming Number of wires and outgoing loops.
6.3.8 The insulating partitions between phases of the circuit breaker in the distribution box should be fully equipped; the anti-shock shield should be flame-retardant and firmly installed.
6.3.9 The marking color of the insulating layer of the connecting wires in the distribution box shall meet the following requirements.
Phase 1 conductors L1, L2 and L3 should be yellow, green and red in turn;
2 The neutral conductor (N) should be light blue;
3 The protective conductor (PE) should be green-yellow;
4 The above logo colors should not be mixed.
6.3.10 The connecting wires in the distribution box shall use copper bars or copper core insulated wires, and protective measures shall be taken when copper bars are used; the connecting wires shall not have joints, core damage and broken strands.
6.3.11 The connection between the wires in the distribution box and the electrical components should be firm and reliable. The specifications of the wire terminals are adapted to the cross-section of the core wires, and the terminals should be complete without reducing the cross-sectional area.
6.3.12 The metal box body of the distribution box, the metal electrical installation board, and the normally uncharged metal base and shell of the electrical appliance shall be reliably grounded through the protective conductor (PE) busbar. The jumper grounding wire between the metal box door and the metal box body shall comply with the relevant provisions in Table 6.2.4 of this code.
6.3.13 The cable inlet and outlet of the distribution box shall be located on the bottom of the box, and may be installed on the side of the box when industrial connectors are used. The supporting plug sockets, cable couplers, appliance couplers, etc. of industrial connectors shall comply with the current national standard "Industrial Plugs, Sockets and Couplers Part 1.General Requirements" GB/T 11918 and "Industrial Plugs, Sockets and Couplers Part 1 Part 2.Requirements for Dimensional Interchangeability of Electrical Accessories with Pins and Sockets "Relevant provisions of GB/T 11919.
6.3.14 When the distribution box directly supplies power to the final distribution box, the distribution box can be equipped with sockets for power supply, and industrial sockets should be used, and each socket should have its own independent protective device.
6.3.15 The incoming and outgoing wires of the mobile distribution box shall adopt rubber-sheathed flexible cables.
6.3.16 The incoming and outgoing wires of the distribution box should not bear external force, and protective measures should be taken when they come into contact with sharp metal fractures.
6.3.17 The distribution box shall be operated in the following order.
1 The power transmission operation sequence is. main distribution box → distribution box → final distribution box;
2.The power-off operation sequence is. final distribution box → distribution box → main distribution box.
6.3.18 The distribution box shall have name, serial number, system diagram and branch marks.
6.4 Selection of switching devices
6.4.1 The electrical appliances in the distribution box should be in good condition, and damaged and unqualified electrical appliances should not be used.
6.4.2 The electrical appliances in the main distribution box and the distribution box shall have normal connection and breaking circuits, as well as short-circuit, overload and ground fault protection functions. Electrical settings should meet the following requirements.
1 The incoming lines of the main distribution box and the distribution box should be equipped with an isolating switch and a main circuit breaker. When using a circuit breaker with an isolating function, the isolating switch may not be provided. Each branch circuit should be equipped with electrical appliances with short-circuit, overload and ground fault protection functions.
2 The rating of the main circuit breaker should match that of the branch circuit breaker.
6.4.3 The main distribution box should be equipped with a voltmeter, a total ammeter and a watt-hour meter.
6.4.4 The incoming line of the final distribution box shall be provided with a main circuit breaker, and each branch circuit shall be provided with electrical appliances with short-circuit, overload and residual current protection functions.
6.4.5 The ratings and action setting values of various switching devices in the final distribution box shall be compatible with the ratings and characteristics of the electrical equipment they control.
6.4.6 The selection, installation and operation of residual current protectors shall comply with the current national standards "General Requirements for Residual Current Operated Protective Devices" GB /Z 6829 and the relevant provisions of "Installation and Operation of Residual Current Operated Protective Devices" GB 13955.
6.4.7 When the power distribution system is equipped with multi-level residual current action protection, there should be protective coordination between each two levels, and the following regulations should be met.
1 The rated operating current of the residual current protector in the final distribution box shall not exceed 30mA, and the breaking time shall not exceed 0.1s;
2 When a residual current protector is installed in the distribution box, its rated operating current should not be less than 3 times the residual current protection value of the final distribution box, and the breaking time should not be greater than 0.3s;
3 When a residual current protector is installed in the main distribution box, its rated operating current should not be less than 3 times the residual current protection value in the distribution box, and the breaking time should not be greater than 0.5s.
6.4.8 The characteristics of the residual current protector shall be tested with special instruments, and the characteristics shall not be less than once a month. Any problem shall be repaired or replaced in time.
6.4.9 Before the residual current protector is used every day, the test button should be activated for a trial trip. If the trial trip is abnormal, it cannot continue to be used.
7 distribution lines
7.1 General provisions
7.1.1 The route selection of power distribution lines at the construction site shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The planning and layout of the construction site should be combined to facilitate line laying, connection and maintenance under the condition of meeting safety requirements;
2 Avoid areas that affect the safe operation of the line, such as overheating, corrosion, and warehouses storing flammable and explosive materials;
3 It is advisable to avoid the frequent traffic, hoisting, and excavation operations that are easily subjected to mechanical external forces, as well as river courses, low-lying areas, and areas that are easy to be washed by rain;
4 It should not straddle construction in progress, scaffolding and temporary buildings.
7.1.2 The laying method of distribution lines shall comply with the following regulations.
1 It should be selected according to the environmental characteristics of the construction site to meet the principles of safe operation of the line, easy maintenance and removal, and the laying method should be able to avoid mechanical damage or other damage;
2 The power supply and consumption cables can be laid overhead, directly buried, along the support, etc.;
3 It should not be laid on trees or directly tied to metal frames and metal scaffolding;
4 should not touch the wet ground or close to the heat source.
7.1.3 Cable selection should meet the following requirements.
1 It should be selected according to factors such as laying method, construction site environmental conditions, load power and distance of electrical equipment;
2 When the grounding type of the low-voltage power distribution system adopts the TN-S system, a single cable shall include all working core wires and core wires used as neutral conductor (N) or protective conductor (PE);
3 When the grounding type of the low-voltage power distribution system adopts the TT system, a single cable shall include all working core wires and core wires used as neutral conductors (N).
7.1.4 The selection and protection of the low-voltage power distribution line section shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Low-Voltage Power Distribution" GB 50054.
7.2 Overhead lines
7.2.1 The equipment used for overhead lines shall meet the following requirements.
1 Insulated wires should be used for overhead lines at the construction site, and the overhead insulated wires should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards "Overhead Insulated Cables with Rated Voltage 1kV and Below" GB/T 12527 and "Overhead Insulated Cables with Rated Voltage 10kV" GB/T 14049;
2 Reinforced concrete poles should be used for overhead lines, and the reinforced concrete poles must not have obvious defects such as exposed bars and falling blocks.
7.2.2 The pole burial shall comply with the following regulations.
1 When the pole is buried in the area with soft soil, quicksand and high groundwater level, measures should be taken to strengthen the pole foundation, and piles or platforms should be added in areas where water scours;
2 After the poles are assembled, the soil blocks should be broken when backfilling, and compacted once every 500mm of backfilling. Before backfilling the water pits, the accumulated water in the pits should be cleaned;, The height of the soil should be 300mm above the ground.
7.2.3 Construction site...
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