JJF 1070-2023 (JJF1070-2023) & related versions
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Rules of Metrological Testing for Net Quantity of Products in Prepackages with Fixed Content
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JJF 1070-2023: PDF in English
JJF 1070-2023
JJF
METEROLOGICAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Rules of metrological testing for net quantity of products in
prepackages with fixed content
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 12, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 12, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 5
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and symbols ... 7
3.1 Terminology ... 7
3.2 Symbols ... 12
4 Metrological requirements ... 15
4.1 General... 15
4.2 Requirements for net quantity marking ... 15
4.3 Measurement requirements for net quantity ... 18
5 Requirements for metrological inspection ... 22
5.1 General... 22
5.2 Sampling control of inspection lots ... 24
5.3 Inspection batches for metrological inspection ... 26
5.4 Implementation of metrological inspection ... 26
5.5 Original records and data processing ... 28
6 Result evaluation and reporting ... 28
6.1 Evaluation criteria ... 28
6.2 Inspection report ... 29
Appendix A Random sampling method ... 31
Appendix B General procedures for net quantity metrological inspection ... 32
Appendix C Method to remove tare mass ... 35
Appendix D Statistical principles of sampling control ... 40
Appendix E Representation of T1 error and T2 error applications ... 46
Appendix F Metrological inspection methods for products with net quantity marked in
mass (weight) units ... 47
Appendix G Metrological inspection methods for products marked with net quantity in
volume units ... 51
Appendix H Metrological inspection methods for products marked with net quantity in
units of length ... 55
Appendix J Metrological inspection methods for products marked with net quantity in
units of area ... 58
Appendix K Metrological inspection methods for products marked with net quantity in
counting units ... 60
Appendix L Metrological inspection method of step-by-step screening sampling ... 63
Appendix M Format of sampling sheet for metrological supervisory inspection of net
quantity of products in prepackages with fixed content ... 72
Appendix N Original record format for metrological inspection of net quantity of
products in prepackages with fixed content ... 75
Appendix P Format of net quantity metrological inspection report of products in
prepackages with fixed content ... 78
Appendix Q Detailed sampling plan ... 82
Appendix R Prohibition of misleading prepackages ... 90
Rules of metrological testing for net quantity of products in
prepackages with fixed content
1 Scope
This Specification stipulates the measurement requirements for the net quantity of
products in prepackages with fixed content, metrological testing, as well as the
sampling, inspection, assessment activities in the metrological testing process.
This Specification applies to metrological supervision inspection and arbitration
inspection of the net quantity of products in prepackages with fixed content.
Commissioned inspections can be carried out with reference to this Specification.
Organizations that produce and sell products in prepackages with fixed content may
also conduct self-control inspections with reference to this Specification.
Products in prepackages with fixed content subject to metrological testing shall be
products that pass the manufacturer's self-inspection, or products imported and
distributed by the seller.
2 Normative references
This Specification makes reference to the following documents:
GB/T 10111 Generation of random numbers and procedures applied to sampling
inspection for product quality
For dated referenced documents, only the dated version applies to this specification; for
undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
this specification.
3 Terms and symbols
3.1 Terminology
3.1.1 Products in prepackages
The individual goods whose, before sale, contents are pre-packaged with packaging
materials or packaging containers, AND which have a predetermined value or
quantity (marked with net quantity).
4 Metrological requirements
4.1 General
At the packaging, import, distribution, wholesale transaction sites and sales links of
products in prepackages with fixed content (such as the production or public sales sites
of products in prepackages with fixed content), the nominal quantity and net quantity
of products in prepackages with fixed content shall comply with the metrological
requirements of 4.2 and 4.3.
4.2 Requirements for net quantity marking
4.2.1 Marking of single items
4.2.1.1 The net quantity of the product shall be marked on the principal display panel
of the packaging of products in prepackages with fixed content or in a prominent
position on the product label.
The marking of net quantity shall be correct, clear and easy to understand. It shall not
cause consumers to misunderstand the net quantity of the product.
Note: The product marking referred to in this Specification does not involve health, safety,
production date, shelf life, storage conditions, nutritional ingredients, etc.
4.2.1.2 Composition of net quantity marking
The net quantity marking consists of three parts: "net quantity" (Chinese), numbers,
legal measurement units (or counting units expressed in Chinese), such as "net quantity:
500 grams".
Note: The counting unit expressed in Chinese refers to the non-physical quantity unit expressed
in Chinese characters.
For the products in prepackages with fixed content whose net quantity is marked in
terms of length, area, counting units, they can be exempted from the need to mark the
three Chinese characters "net quantity", but only mark the figure of the net quantity and
the legal unit of measurement (or the counting unit expressed in Chinese). For example,
"50 meters", "10 square meters", "100 pieces".
The numerical part in the net quantity marking shall usually not exceed 3 significant
figures. For example, it shall be marked as "net quantity: 5.55 kg" instead of "net
quantity: 5.555 kg".
If the net quantity marked on the product packaging includes a free (gift) amount, any
5 Requirements for metrological inspection
5.1 General
5.1.1 Sampling and metrological inspection methods
Metrological supervisory inspection on the net quantity of products in prepackages with
fixed content shall be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements and
procedures of this Specification.
If the metrological inspection of net quantity is carried out by sampling method,
sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the sampling method specified in
Appendix A of this Specification, at the production and packaging sites, import,
distribution, wholesale transactions, sales links of products in prepackages with fixed
content.
Metrological inspection shall be carried out on various types of products with different
labeling methods, in accordance with the inspection methods specified in Appendix B,
Appendix F to Appendix K of this Specification. For products in prepackages with fixed
content where there is no metrological inspection methods in this Specification, it shall
be implemented in accordance with corresponding international standards, national
standards or other methods prescribed by the State Administration for Market
Regulation.
When the above requirements of this Article are met, the inspection agency shall choose
non-destructive inspection methods for metrological inspection as much as possible, to
reduce unnecessary waste.
5.1.2 Homogeneity of products and samples
Sampling an inspection batch shall ensure that all products in prepackages with fixed
content in the inspection batch have equal sampling probability.
If sampling is done at the production or packaging site, the inspection batch shall be all
products in prepackages with fixed content on the production line, that have not been
rejected by the inspection system. The samples taken must be self-inspection qualified
products after packaging inspection in the final packaging process.
During the sampling process, in addition to normal operating adjustments or correction
measures for the production line, abnormal operating adjustments or corrections to the
filling or inspection process of the production line shall be prohibited.
5.1.3 Measurement uncertainty
The expanded uncertainty of measuring instruments and metrological inspection
methods, which are related to determining the actual quantity inspection results of
products in prepackages with fixed content, shall not exceed 0.2T (k = 2).
Factors that affect the uncertainty of metrological inspection results include the
maximum allowable error and repeatability of the measuring instrument, changes in
packaging materials, density fluctuations caused by differences in the amount of solids
in the liquid or temperature changes, etc.
5.1.4 Net quantity inspection of inspection batches
5.1.4.1 Regardless of whether the sampling inspection method is used to determine the
compliance of the inspection batch, each metrological testing of the net quantity of the
product shall include the following three parameters:
a) The average actual quantity of products in prepackages with fixed content in the
inspection batch;
b) The number of T1 inadequate prepackages among the products in prepackages
with fixed content in the inspection batch;
c) Whether the inspection batch of products in prepackages with fixed content has
T2 inadequate prepackages.
Note: For inspection batches sampled in the retailer's warehouse and retail site (5.2.1c), and the
batch size is within 10 pieces, there is no requirement for the average actual quantity.
5.1.4.2 Impact of other factors on net quantity
When carrying out metrological inspection on the net quantity of products in
prepackages with fixed content, reasonable changes in the net quantity of products that
may be caused by environmental conditions, such as storage and transportation, shall
be fully considered.
Usually products in prepackages with fixed content are stored and transported under
ambient conditions of normal temperature and humidity. Such an environment may
cause the actual quantity of the packaged goods to change. Therefore, when evaluating
the average actual quantity of the goods and the actual quantity of a single product, for
products whose net quantity changes greatly due to factors such as changes in the
moisture content of the product, such as soap, wheat flour, rice and other products,
manufacturer shall take measures to ensure the accuracy of the net quantity of the
product under specified conditions. In principle, the market supervision department's
metrological supervisory inspection of such products in prepackages with fixed content
shall be carried out at the production site, OR the metrological inspection shall be
carried out using the special methods specified in the series of specifications for the
measurement and inspection of the net quantity of products in prepackages with fixed
content.
batch size shall be equal to the maximum hourly output the production line or
100000, whichever is smaller. If the hourly production output of the manufacturer
cannot be confirmed, refer to c).
c) Retailer’s warehouse and retail site sampling
When sampling at the retailer's warehouse or retail site, the inspection batch size is
determined by the sampling personnel. Usually, the inspection batch size is defined
as all the same products in prepackages with fixed content that are available on-site
at the sampling location, but cannot exceed 100000 pieces. At this time, it can be
considered that the products in prepackages with fixed content in this inspection
batch are of the same quality.
Note: If the corresponding international standards, national standards or other specifications
in the JJF1070 series of Specifications have special requirements for inspection batches, the
inspection batches shall be determined according to their provisions.
5.2.2 Measurement requirements for inspection batches
5.2.2.1 Requirements for average actual quantity
For each inspection batch, the average actual quantity of products in prepackages with
fixed content shall be greater than or equal to its nominal quantity.
If an inspection lot meets the requirements of this Article, the probability that the
inspection lot is mistakenly rejected (erroneously assessed as unqualified) will not
exceed 0.5%. If the average actual quantity of the inspection lot is less than (Qn - 0.74σ),
the probability that it is correctly rejected (correctly assessed as unqualified) is at least
90%.
If the average actual quantity of samples of an inspection batch is less than its nominal
quantity minus its correction value [see formula (1)], then the inspection batch shall be
assessed as unqualified.
5.2.2.2 Requirements on the actual quantity of a single product
The actual quantity of a single product in prepackages with fixed content shall
accurately reflect its nominal quantity. If there is an inadequate of the actual quantity of
a single product, the inadequate shall meet the requirements of 4.3.1.
a) Single piece of category T1 inadequate prepackages
If the number of category T1 inadequate prepackages in an inspection batch is greater
than the quantity specified in Table 4, then the inspection batch shall be assessed as
unqualified.
The products used as inspection batches shall be products that have passed the
manufacturer's self-inspection, or products in the sales field. Determine the batch size
of the inspection batch according to the requirements of 5.3.
5.4.3 Search sampling plan
Search the sampling plan according to Table 4 according to the inspection batch size.
If the inspection batch size is not the typical value in Table 4, the sampling plan shall
be retrieved according to Appendix Q, to determine the sample size and the indicators
for evaluating the sample. When selecting the sampling plan in Appendix Q, pay
attention that there shall not be any category T2 inadequate prepackages.
5.4.4 Take samples
Random sampling method shall be used to select samples from the inspection batch;
the sampled products shall meet the corresponding requirements of the single product.
The sampling method shall ensure that the possibility of each product being selected as
a sample is as equal as possible. The sampling process shall be coordinated and
confirmed by personnel from the party being sampled. See Appendix A for the specific
random sampling method.
After sampling for metrological supervision and inspection, a sampling form for
metrological supervisory inspection of products in prepackages with fixed content shall
be filled in (see Appendix M for the format of the sampling form).
5.4.5 Metrological inspection of samples
5.4.5.1 Inspection of net quantity labeling
The net quantity labeling of products in prepackages with fixed content shall be
inspected according to the requirements of 4.2. The inspection requirements and
methods are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
5.4.5.2 Metrological inspection of net quantity
According to the net quantity labeled on products in prepackages with fixed content
and the characteristics of the goods, select the appropriate method from Appendix F to
Appendix K, to carry out encoding and meteorological inspection of the taken samples
one by one; calculate the actual quantity, average actual quantity of the sample, the
quantity of category T1 inadequate prepackages and category T2 inadequate
prepackages, etc.
See Appendix C for the method of removing tare mass.
The metrological inspection methods for products, whose net quantity is marked in
mass (weight) units, are as shown in Appendix F;
The metrological inspection methods for products, whose net quantity is marked in
volume units, are shown in Appendix G;
The metrological inspection methods for products, whose net quantity is marked in
units of length, are as shown in Appendix H;
The metrological inspection methods for products, whose net quantity is marked in area
units, are as shown in Appendix J;
The metrological inspection methods for products, whose net quantity is marked in
counting units, are as shown in Appendix K.
5.5 Original records and data processing
5.5.1 Original records
The original record of each inspection shall contain sufficient information; the items
listed in the record shall be filled in accurately. Observations, measurement data,
calculations shall be recorded during the inspection. The record shall include the
signatures of the person who performed the inspection and the person who reviewed
the results. The records shall be kept for a specified period (see Appendix N for the
original inspection record format).
5.5.2 Data processing
Relevant parameters, such as the actual quantity of a single product and the average
actual quantity of the sample, shall be calculated in accordance with the requirements
specified in Chapter 4.
6 Result evaluation and reporting
6.1 Evaluation criteria
6.1.1 Labeling evaluation criteria
If the net quantity labeling of products in prepackages with fixed content occurs in any
of the following situations, the labeling will be assessed as unqualified.
a) Failure to mark the net quantity of the product in a correct and clear manner in a
prominent position on the product packaging;
b) The composition of the net quantity labeling does not meet the prescribed
requirements;
c) The selection of measurement units and labeling categories does not meet the
prescribed requirements;
d) The significance of the nominal quantity does not meet the prescribed
requirements;
e) When the same packaged product contains multiple pieces of the same products
in prepackages with fixed content, if the net quantity of the single products in
prepackages with fixed content and the total number of single products are not
marked, meanwhile the total net quantity of the products in prepackages with
fixed content is not labeled;
f) When the same packaged product contains multiple different types of products in
prepackages with fixed content, if the net quantity of a single piece of various
different products in prepackages with fixed content and the number of pieces of
various different products in prepackages with fixed content are not marked,
meanwhile the total net quantity various different types of products in
prepackages with fixed content is not labeled.
6.1.2 Assessment criteria for net quantity
6.1.2.1 Assessment basis
If there are provisions in the mandatory national standards for products in prepackages
with fixed content regarding the labeling of the net quantity of products in prepackages
with fixed content, the tolerable inadequate, the selection of legal units of measurement,
those provisions shall prevail; if there are no provisions, this Specification shall apply.
6.1.2.2 Assessment criteria
If any of the following conditions occurs in an inspection batch, it will be assessed as a
failed batch.
a) The average actual quantity of the sample is less than the nominal quantity minus
the correction value F × s of the average actual quantity of the sample;
b) The number of items in category T1 inadequate prepackages exceeds the quantity
specified in the fourth column of Table 4;
c) There is one or more category T2 inadequate prepackages.
6.2 Inspection report
Metrological inspection results shall be reported accurately, objectively, standardizedly;
the inspection reports shall be issued. The inspection report shall include sufficient
information; the conclusions in the report shall be issued in accordance with the
provisions of 6.1; the explanation shall be based on documentation. The overall
Appendix A
Random sampling method
Metrological testing of the net quantity of products in prepackages with fixed content
shall be carried out by sampling method; random sampling shall be carried out
according to the sampling location and batch size of the product inspection batch.
Random sampling is divided into three methods: equal interval sampling, stratified
sampling, simple sampling. When sampling, personnel from the party being sampled
shall be present to cooperate and confirm.
A.1 Equal interval sampling
Equal interval sampling is suitable for selecting qualified products, at the end of the
production line of a manufacturing enterprise or at the product packaging site.
The sampling method is to take a sample at intervals of a certain number of units of
goods or at intervals of a certain time, until the required sample size is reached. The
sampling interval is equal to the batch size or the time required to produce a batch of
product divided by the sample size.
A.2 Stratified sampling
Stratified sampling is suitable for sampling in manufacturing enterprises, wholesalers,
warehouses of retail goods.
The sampling method is to assign the determined sample size n to each layer in
proportion, to the number of unit products occupied by each layer, for the inspection
batch of N pieces of goods stacked in k layers; nt pieces of unit samples shall be sampled
from each layer; that is, nt = n/k, it shall be ensured that nt is an integer greater than 1,
at least one sample shall be taken from each layer (i.e., n ≥ k). Then randomly select a
given number of samples nt in each layer independently (usually simple sampling).
A.3 Simple random sampling
Simple random sampling, also called simple sampling, is suitable for sampling at
product retail sites.
The sampling method is to randomly select n pieces of products from an inspection
batch, which contains N pieces of products, as samples to be measured and inspected.
When sampling, the possibility of each unit product in the inspection batch being
selected as a sample is equal.
The specific sampling method can be selected, in accordance with the national standard
GB/T 10111 "Generation of random numbers and procedures applied to sampling
inspection for product quality" or the random number table method and other
appropriate methods.
......
| Standard ID | JJF 1070-2023 (JJF1070-2023) | | Description (Translated English) | Rules of Metrological Testing for Net Quantity of Products in Prepackages with Fixed Content | | Sector / Industry | Metrology & Measurement Industry Standard | | Word Count Estimation | 74,723 | | Date of Issue | 2023-10-12 | | Date of Implementation | 2024-04-12 | | Drafting Organization | Qingdao Institute of Metrology Technology, Beijing Institute of Metrology and Testing Sciences | | Administrative Organization | National Legal Metrology Management Metrology Technical Committee | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation |
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