GB/T 9286-2021 (GB/T9286-2021, GBT 9286-2021, GBT9286-2021) & related versions
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GB/T 9286-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 87.040
CCS G 50
GB/T 9286-2021 / ISO 2409:2020
Replacing GB/T 9286-1998
Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test
(ISO 2409:2020, IDT)
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 20, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 7
4 Principle ... 7
5 Apparatus ... 7
6 Sampling ... 13
7 Test specimen ... 13
8 Procedure ... 13
9 Evaluation and expression of results ... 15
10 Designation of the test result ... 16
11 Precision ... 17
12 Test report ... 18
Annex A (Informative) Examples of suitable procedures for removing loose
paint ... 19
Bibliography ... 22
Foreword
This document is drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2020 "Directives for
standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing
documents".
This document replaces GB/T 9286-1998 "Paints and varnishes - Cross cut test
for films". Compared with GB/T 9286-1998, in addition to structural adjustments
and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows:
- Replace "steel" with "metal" and "plastic" with "plaster" (see Clause 1; 1.3
of the 1998 edition);
- Change the "Normative references" (see Clause 2; Clause 2 of the 1998
edition);
- Delete "Information to be supplemented" (see Clause 3 of the 1998 edition);
- Add "Terms and definitions" (see Clause 3);
- Add "Principle" (see Clause 4);
- Add "General" (see 5.1);
- Add "General requirements" for cutting tool (see 5.2.1); change the
requirements for "Single-blade cutting tools" (see 5.2.2; 4.1 of the 1998
edition), the requirements for "Multi-blade cutting tools" (see 5.2.3; 4.1 of
the 1998 edition), and the requirements for "Guiding and spacing edges"
(see 5.3; 4.2 of the 1998 edition);
- Delete "soft brush" (see 4.3 of the 1998 edition) and "transparent pressure-
sensitive adhesive tape" (see 4.4 of the 1998 edition);
- Change "Examples of single-blade cutting tools" (see Figure 1; Figure 1 of
the 1998 edition), "Examples of multi-blade cutting tools" (see Figure 2;
Figure 1 of the 1998 edition), and "Examples of guiding and spacing edges"
(see Figure 4; Figure 2 of the 1998 edition); add "Motor-driven apparatus"
(see Figure 3);
- Change "Sampling" (see Clause 6; Clause 5 of the 1998 edition);
- Delete "Treatment and painting of test panels" (see 6.2 of the 1998 edition)
and "Drying of samples" (see 6.3 of the 1998 edition);
- Add examples of hard substrates and soft substrates (see 8.1.4) and the
requirements for the number of routine tests (see 8.1.5); change the
requirements of "Cutting the coating using the manual procedure" (see 8.2;
7.2 of the 1998 edition); change the requirements of "Cutting the coating
using a motor-driven tool" (see 8.3; 7.3 of the 1998 edition);
- Change the graphical description for classification of test results (see Table
1; Table 1 of the 1998 edition);
- Add "Designation of the test result" (see Clause 10);
- Add "Precision" (see Clause 11);
- Change the content of "Test report" (see Clause 12; Clause 9 of the 1998
edition);
- Change the informative annex (see Annex A; Annex A of the 1998 edition).
This document, using translation method, is identical to ISO 2409:2020 "Paints
and varnishes - Cross-cut test".
China’s documents which have a consistent correspondence with the
international documents normatively referenced in this document are as follows:
GB/T 3186-2006 Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and
varnishes - Sampling (ISO 15528:2000, IDT);
GB/T 5206-2015 Paints and varnishes - Terms and definitions (ISO
4618:2014, IDT);
GB/T 13452.2-2008 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness
(ISO 2808:2007, IDT);
GB/T 20777-2006 Paints and varnishes - Examination and preparation of
samples for testing (ISO 1513:1992, IDT);
GB/T 37356-2019 Paints and varnishes - Lighting and procedure for visual
assessments of coatings (ISO 13076:2012, IDT).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing authority of this document shall
not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by China Petroleum and Chemical Industry
Federation.
This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
5 on Paints & Pigments of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 5).
Drafting organizations of this document: CNOOC Changzhou Paint and
Coatings Industry Research Institute Co., Ltd.; Biuged Laboratory Instruments
Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test
1 Scope
This document specifies a test method for assessing the resistance of paint
coatings and varnishes (including wood stains) to separation from substrates
when a right-angle lattice pattern is cut into the coating, penetrating through to
the substrate. The property determined by this empirical test procedure
depends, among other factors, on the adhesion of the coating to either the
preceding coat or the substrate. This procedure is not, however, a means of
measuring adhesion.
Note 1: Where a measurement of adhesion is required, see the method described in ISO
4624.
Note 2: Although the test is primarily intended for use in the laboratory, the test is also
suitable for field testing.
The method described can be used either as a pass/fail test or, where
circumstances are appropriate, as a six-step classification test. When applied
to a multi-coat system, assessment of the resistance to separation of individual
layers of the coating from each other can be made.
The test can be carried out on finished objects and/or on specially prepared test
specimens.
Although the method is applicable to paint on hard (e.g. metal) and soft (e.g.
wood and plaster) substrates, these different substrates need a different test
procedure (see Clause 8).
The method is not suitable for coatings of total thickness greater than 250 μm
or for textured coatings.
Note: The method, when applied to coatings designed to give a rough patterned surface,
will give results which will show too much variation (see also ISO 16276-2).
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents, through normative references in this
text, constitute indispensable provisions of this document. Among them, for
dated references, only the edition corresponding to that date applies to this
document. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments)
applies to this document.
......
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 87.040 G 50
GB/T 9286-1998
Replacing GB/T 9286-88
Paints and varnishes -- Cross cut test for films
Issued on. November 4, 1998 Implemented on. June 1, 1999
Issued by. National Quality and Technology Supervision Bureau
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
ISO Foreword ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Required supplementary information ... 7
4 Apparatus ... 7
5 Sampling ... 8
6 Test panels ... 8
7 Operating procedures ... 9
8 Expression of results ... 11
9 Test report ... 12
Annex A (Normative) Required supplementary information ... 16
Foreword
This Standard is the revision of GB/T 9286-88 Paints and varnishes -- Cross cut test for films as per the international standard ISO 2409.1992 Paints and varnishes -- Cross-cut test (second edition).
This standard is equivalent to ISO 2409.1992, and the differences are as follows.
MODIFY the ISO 1512.1991 Paints and varnishes -- Sampling of products in liquid or paste form, and ISO 1513.1992 Paints and varnishes -- Examination and preparation of samples for testing in the normative references to GB 3186-82(89) Sampling paint products (with reference to ISO 1512.1991 and ISO 1513.1992).
MODIFY the ISO 1514.1984 Paints and varnishes -- Standard panels for testing in the normative references to GB/T 9271-88 Paints and varnishes -- Standard panels for testing (equivalent to ISO 1514.1984).
MODIFY the ISO 2808.1991 Paints and varnishes -- Determination of film thickness in the normative references to GB/T 13452.2-92 Paints and varnishes -- Determination of film thickness (equivalent to ISO 2808.1974).
MODIFY the ISO 3270.1984 Paints and varnishes and their raw materials -- Temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing in the normative references to GB 9278-88 Temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing of paint specimens (equivalent to ISO 3270.1984).
According to the national conditions, IEC 454-2.1974 Specifications for pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes for electrical purposes -- Part 2. Methods of test is not referenced in this Standard.
According to the national conditions, the agreed adhesive tape has been added.
ADD GB/T 1727-92 General preparation of paint film to the normative references.
This Standard has made partial changes to the technical content of the previous edition of GB/T 9286-88 and made comprehensive editorial changes.
The main technical differences between this edition and the previous edition are as follows.
The spacing of the cuts is prescribed, depending on the thickness of the coating and the type of substrate, which is not prescribed in the previous
edition.
The methods for applying adhesive tapes to hard substrates and the requirements for adhesive tapes have been added.
The number of cuts of 11 has been cancelled. The number of cuts prescribed in the previous edition is 6 or 11.
Operating procedures are prescribed in manual cutting, while specific operations are no longer prescribed in mechanical cutting, which is subject to the requirements of manual cutting operations. The previous edition specifies the detailed operating procedures for mechanical cutting.
— The schematic diagram of the instrument for mechanical cutting has been removed. This Standard replaces GB/T 9286-88 from the date of implementation.
Annex A of this Standard is a normative annex.
This Standard was proposed by the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the
People’s Republic of China.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
for Standardization of Paints and Pigments.
Drafting organization of this Standard. Changzhou Paint and Coatings Industry
Research Institute of the Ministry of Chemical Industry.
Drafter of this Standard. Ji Xiaoman.
This Standard was first published on April 19, 1988.
Paints and varnishes -- Cross cut test for films
1 Scope
1.1 This Standard specifies a test method for assessing the resistance of paint coatings to separation from substrates when a right-angle lattice pattern is cut into the coating, penetrating through to the substrate. The property measured by this empirical test procedure depends, among other factors, on the adhesion of the coating to either the preceding coat or the substrate. This procedure is not to be regarded, however, as a means of measuring adhesion.
NOTE 1. Although the test is primarily intended for use in the laboratory, the test is also suitable for field testing.
1.2 The method described may be applied either as a pass/fail test or, where circumstances are appropriate, as a six-step classification test (SEE 8.3). When applied to a multi-coat system, assessment of the resistance to separation of individual layers of the coating from each other may be made.
1.3 The test may be carried out on finished objects and/or on specially prepared test specimens.
Although the method is applicable to paint on hard (steel) and soft (wood and plaster) substrates, these different substrates need a different test procedure (SEE clause 7).
The method is not suitable for coatings of total thickness greater than 250μm or for textured coatings.
NOTE 2. The method, when applied to coatings designed to give a rough patterned surface, will give results which will show too much variation.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below.
GB/T 1727-92 General preparation of paint film 1
GB 3186-82(89) Sampling paint products 2 (neq ISO 1512.1978, etc.)
GB/T 9271-88 Paints and varnishes -- Standard panels for testing 3 (eqv ISO 1514.1984)
GB 9278-88 Temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing of paint specimens 4 (eqv ISO 3270.1984)
GB/T 13452.2-92 Paints and varnishes -- Determination of film thickness 5 (eqv ISO 2808.1974)
3 Required supplementary information
For any particular application, the test method specified in this Standard needs to be completed by supplementary information. The items of supplementary information are given in Annex A.
4 Apparatus
4.1 Cutting tool
It is particularly important to ensure that the cutting tool has a defined shape and that the cutting edges are in good condition.
4.1.1 Suitable cutting tools are listed below and shown in Figures 1 a) and 1 b).
a) single-blade cutting tool with 20° to 30° edge and other dimensions, as specified in Figure 1 a); b) multi-blade cutting tool with six cutting edges spaced 1mm or 2mm apart, as specified in Figure 1 b).
The single-blade cutting tool is the preferred tool in all cases, i.e., with all kinds of coating on both hard and soft substrates. The multi-blade cutting tool is not suitable for thick (>120μm) or hard coatings or where the coating is applied over soft substrates.
4.1.2 The tools specified in 4.1.1 are suitable for manual use and, although this is the more usual method of use, the tool may be mounted on a motor-
Adoption description.
1 This corresponding standard is not referenced in ISO 2409.1992.
2 ISO 1512.1991 and ISO 1513.1992 are referenced in ISO 2409.1992.
3 ISO 1514.1984 is referenced in ISO 2409.1992.
4 ISO 3270.1984 is referenced in ISO 2409.1992.
5 ISO 2808.1991 is referenced in ISO 2409.1992.
0 to 60μm. 1mm spacing for hard substrates. 0 to 60μm. 2mm spacing for soft substrates. 61 to 120μm. 2mm spacing for hard or soft substrates. 121 to 250μm. 3mm spacing for hard or soft substrates.
7.2 Cutting and removing the coating using the manual procedure
7.2.1 PLACE the test panel on a rigid, flat surface to prevent any deformation of the panel during the test.
7.2.2 PERFORM the cutting manually following the specified procedure.
Before the test, INSPECT the cutting edge of the blade and MAINTAIN its condition by sharpening or replacement.
If the panel is of wood or similar material, MAKE the cuts at approximately 45° to the direction of the grain.
7.2.3 HOLD the cutting tool (4.1) with the blade normal to the test panel surface. With uniform pressure on the cutting tool and using the appropriate spacing guide (4.2), MAKE the agreed number of cuts in the coating at a uniform cutting rate. All the cuts shall penetrate to the substrate surface.
If it is not possible, due to the hardness of the coating, to penetrate to the substrate, the test shall be declared invalid and so reported.
7.2.4 REPEAT this operation, making further parallel cuts of equal number, crossing the original cuts at 90° to them so that a lattice pattern is formed.
7.2.5 BRUSH the panel lightly with the soft brush (4.3) several times backwards and several times forwards along each of the diagonals of the lattice pattern.
7.2.6 For hard substrates only, APPLY additionally adhesive tape (4.4). PULL out a piece of adhesive tape at a uniform speed. REMOVE the frontmost section. Then CUT a piece approximately 75mm long.
PLACE the center of the tape over the lattice in a direction parallel to one set of cuts, as shown in Figure 3. SMOOTH the tape into place over the area of the lattice and for a distance of at least 20mm beyond with a finger.
To ensure good contact with the coating, RUB the tape firmly with a fingertip. The color of the coating seen through the tape is a useful indication of overall contact.
Within 5min of applying the tape, REMOVE the tape by grasping the free end
......
| Standard ID | GB/T 9286-2021 (GB/T9286-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Paints and varnishes -- Cross-cut test | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | G50 | | Classification of International Standard | 87.040 | | Word Count Estimation | 18,193 | | Date of Issue | 2021-08-20 | | Date of Implementation | 2022-03-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 9286-1998 | | Drafting Organization | CNOOC Changzhou Coating Chemical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Bugeda Precision Instrument (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Yutong New Material Co., Ltd., Xinhe New Material Co., Ltd., Ningbo Xin'an Coating Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Guangtian High-tech New Material Co., Ltd. , China Paint (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Zhongshan Yongheng Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Guohengxin (Changzhou) Testing and Certification Technology Co., Ltd., Fujian Wan'an Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Chuanhua Coating Co., Ltd., Xuzhou Daguang Coating Factory, Zhejiang Feijing New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Shenghua Industrial Co., Ltd., Bonfort New Material Co., Ltd., Dongguan Dabao Chemical Products Co., Ltd., Qingdao Xingguo Coating Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou Jiuhua New Material Coating Industry Co., Ltd. , AVIC Bermuda New Material Technology Engineering Co., Ltd. | | Administrative Organization | National Coatings and Pigments Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 5) | | Proposing organization | China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration | | Standard ID | GB/T 9286-1998 (GB/T9286-1998) | | Description (Translated English) | Paints and varnishes--Cross cut test for films | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | G50 | | Classification of International Standard | 87.04 | | Word Count Estimation | 9,958 | | Date of Issue | 1998/11/4 | | Date of Implementation | 1999/6/1 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 9286-1988 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 1727-1992; GB 3186-1982 (1989); GB/T 9271-1988; GB 9278-1988; GB/T 13452.2-1992 | | Adopted Standard | ISO 2409-1992, MOD | | Drafting Organization | Changzhou Chemical Research Institute of Chemical Coatings | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee pigment coatings | | Summary | This standard specifies a test method in the grid pattern cutting at right angles to penetrate the coating to the substrate to evaluate the coating from the substrate from the resistance. In this empirical test procedure measured performance, except for the channel depending on the coating or paint adhesion to the substrate, but also depends on various other factors, it can not be measured in this test is considered as belonging to the program a method of focus. | | Standard ID | GB/T 9286-1988 (GB/T9286-1988) | | Description (Translated English) | Paints and varnishes--Cross test for films | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | G50 | | Date of Issue | 1988/6/4 |
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